CN107364845A - A kind of method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene Download PDFInfo
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- CN107364845A CN107364845A CN201710742907.9A CN201710742907A CN107364845A CN 107364845 A CN107364845 A CN 107364845A CN 201710742907 A CN201710742907 A CN 201710742907A CN 107364845 A CN107364845 A CN 107364845A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene, operating procedure are as follows：(1) the triazine copolymer containing amino 1,3,5 is prepared：The triaizine compounds monomer of amino 1,3,5 will be contained to be dissolved in solvent, initiator is added, reacted 2~12 hours under 0~10 DEG C of stirring condition, polymerize；(2) high-temperature process：Filtering, dry, after resulting polymers solid abrasive under inert atmosphere protection, 600~1200 DEG C of high-temperature process 0.5~5 hour, be cooled to room temperature, then post-processed, that is, obtain nitrogen sulphur codope carbon material.The inventive method has reaction condition gentle, and production cost is low, simple to operate, controllability is good, the advantages that being easy to industrialized production, and does not have heavy metal pollution problem, it is cheap, it is easy to structure design freedom shape height, is a kind of preparation method of very excellent nitrogen-doped graphene material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon material, more particularly to a kind of nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material
Preparation method.
Background technology
2004, Geim and Novoselov reported the graphene for preparing individual layer first, caused the research heat of scientific circles
Tide.Graphene is as another the new carbon allotrope found after fullerene and CNT, unique atom knot
Structure and electronic structure cause it to show a variety of outstanding performances [Science 2004,306,666] that traditional material does not have.
In recent years, people by carrying out chemical modification to graphene, mix by such as generation derivative, surface functionalization, chemical modification, chemistry
The means such as miscellaneous carry out the modulation of graphene-structured and performance, so realize graphene and its associated materials more horn of plenty function and
Wide is that graphene chemical modification is worked using [J.Power Sources 2006,157,11.] graphene chemical doping
In very important one, the especially research to nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material is particularly deep.Nitrogen-atoms has than carbon atom more
Negative electronegativity, and N, C in the periodic table of elements positioned at the position closed on, N atoms due to with the approximate atom of C atoms half
Footpath, graphene can be doped in a manner of substituting as electron donor, so former compared to other during doping
Son, nitrogen-atoms is easily accessible carbon skeleton, and the nitrogen-doped graphene generated shows the more excellent performances of purer graphene.Cause
This, how to realize effective N doping is a heat subject of current graphene chemical modification research.
At present, realizing the method for graphene N doping mainly has chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, N2Plasma processing,
Heat treating process, arc discharge method, high energy electrothermal way, template etc., wherein CVD is most widely used.Compare typically with
The metal materials such as cupro-nickel are substrate, and the carbon source that will gasify under the high temperature conditions and nitrogen source mix, after high temperature action causes raw material to crack
Reconfigure on substrate, you can prepare nitrogen-doped graphene [Journal of Physics Chemistry B, 2003,
107,3721].N doping rate can accurately be controlled by preparing nitrogen-doped graphene with CVD, and obtained doped graphene can
To be single layer structure or sandwich construction, the controllability of operation is strong.Corona treatment is also a kind of conventional doping method,
Jeong etc. [Nano Lett.2011,11,2472] passes through N2The chemical vapor deposition processes of plasma enhancing have also obtained nitrogen
Doped graphene, nitrogen-doped graphene structure [Nano can also be obtained with graphene oxide containing nitrogen plasma treatment in addition
Letters, 2011,11,2472], the doping of nitrogen can be adjusted by adjusting plasma intensity and processing time.It is another
The method of kind large-scale production nitrogen-doped graphene is solvent-thermal method.Such as using lithium nitride and carbon tetrachloride as primary raw material.
At 300 DEG C, two kinds of materials react under pressure pan, can prepare the graphene of N doping, but prepared under this mode
The nitrogen content of nitrogen-doped graphene out and the form of nitrogen groups can change with the change of differential responses thing.This method
Advantage is that comparison is environmentally friendly, and reaction condition is gentle.Shortcoming is that doping rate and controllability are all poor.Heat treating process is as a kind of simple
Efficient nitrogen-doped graphene synthetic method also enjoys the concern of people.This method mainly at high temperature by graphene oxide and
The mixture of nitrogen source is pyrolyzed, and such nitrogen-atoms can be introduced into graphene.This heat treatment method prepares N doping
Although graphene is simple efficiently, nitrogen content is relatively low in its out prepared graphene, and controllability and uniformity are also than relatively low.
In the recent period, sight is turned to a kind of preparation method of more simple polymer with nitrogen base nitrogen-doped graphene by researcher.On
Application of the polymer with nitrogen in nitrogen-doped graphene preparation has largely been reported, is concentrated mainly on two aspects：1, it is nitrogenous
Polymer is incorporated by the carbon bone of the graphene oxide of substrate, CNT, carbon nano-fiber, activated carbon etc. as nitrogen source
In frame, nitrogen-doped graphene is prepared by high-temperature heat treatment.Dai etc. is presoma and nitrogen source from melamine, in acid
Macromolecule polyalcohol is self-assembly of under synergy, P, N codopes are formed through high-temperature heat treatment using graphene oxide as masterplate
Class graphene film Rotating fields, and good catalytic activity is shown in terms of hydrogen reduction and liberation of hydrogen.[Angew.Chem.2016,
128,2270] 2, polymer with nitrogen is such as：Polyaniline, polypyrrole, tert-butylamine, wait in the presence of transition-metal Fe, Co etc. with oxygen
Graphite alkene is template, and nitrogen-doped graphene is formed through high-temperature heat treatment.Wu et al. is presoma using polyaniline, in urging for Co
Using multi-walled carbon nanotube to support masterplate to prepare Co under change effect, the class graphene film Rotating fields of N codopes [ACS Nano,
2012,11,9764].It using tert-butylamine is presoma to have document report in addition, and boron is successfully prepared under the catalytic action of Co ions
Nitrogen co-doped graphene film, and show good oxygen reduction catalytic activity.[J.Mater.Chem.A,2013,1,
14700].These preparation methods largely advance the development of nitrogen-doped graphene technology, still, the carbon such as graphene oxide
The presence of substrate, template, and transition metal adds production cost, causes production process increasingly complex, and controllability reduces, unfavorable
In the development of large-scale industrial production.
The information for being disclosed in the background section is merely intended to understanding of the increase to the general background of the present invention, without answering
It has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art when being considered as recognizing or implying the information structure in any form.
The content of the invention
The defects of present invention is in order to overcome prior art, invents a kind of cheap nitrogen-doped graphene carbon of the simple cost of technique
Material, to overcome the defects of preparing high nitrogen-doped carbon material cost, complex operation in the prior art.Invention one kind prepares nitrogen
The preparation method of doped graphene, it is intended to which it is gentle to obtain reaction condition, simple to operate, the good nitrogen-doped graphene material of controllability
Preparation method.
The present invention is using the system applied containing the compound in triazine class of amino 1,3,5 as polymer monomer in nitrogen-doped graphene
Standby aspect, synthesize polymer containing amino triazine as presoma as main initiator from persulfate, made after high-temperature process
It is standby to obtain nitrogen-doped graphene.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows：
A kind of preparation method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene, includes following operating procedure：
(1) the triazine copolymer containing amino 1,3,5 is prepared：The triaizine compounds monomer of amino 1,3,5 will be contained to be dissolved in solvent, added
Enter initiator, reacted 2~12 hours under 0~10 DEG C of stirring condition, is polymerize；
(2) high-temperature process：Gained material is filtered, dried after step (1) is polymerize, lazy after resulting polymers solid abrasive
Property atmosphere protection under, 600~1200 DEG C of high-temperature process 0.5~5 hour are cooled to room temperature, obtain black powder, after then carrying out
Processing, that is, obtain nitrogen sulphur codope carbon material.
Wherein, described in step (1) it is the methyl isophthalic acid of 2,4 diaminourea -6 containing the triaizine compounds monomer of amino 1,3,5,3,5
Triazine, 2- amino -4- ethyoxyl -6- methyl isophthalic acids, 3,5- triazines, 2- amino -1,3,5-triazines, 2,4- diaminourea -6- phenyl -1,
3,5- triazines, 2,4- diaminourea -6- dimethylamine -1,3,5-triazines, 2- chloro- 4,6 diaminostilbenes, one kind or one in 3,5 triazines
Kind thing mixed above, or the described triaizine compounds monomer of amino 1,3,5 that contains is the above-mentioned listed triaizine compounds containing amino 1,3,5
One or more kinds of mixtures in monomer homologue.
Wherein, the initiator described in step (1) is made up of or by main initiator mistake single main initiator persulfate
Sulfate and co initiator are according to mol ratio 1~5:1 mixing composition；Described main initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate, ammonium persulfate
Or one kind in sodium peroxydisulfate；Described co initiator is one in potassium permanganate, nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide or potassium bichromate
Kind.
Wherein, the solvent described in step (1) is deionized water, alcohol, pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide, two
One or both of methylacetamide, monochloro methane, dichloromethane, chloroform or tetrachloromethane thing mixed above.
Wherein, the mol ratio containing the triaizine compounds monomer of amino 1,3,5 and initiator described in step (1) is 1:1~
1:10。
Wherein, react 4~6 hours, polymerize under 5 DEG C of stirring conditions in step (1).
Wherein, 600~1000 DEG C of high-temperature process 0.5~3 hour in step (2), described heat treatment heating rate is 1~
10℃/min。
Wherein, the inert gas described in step (2) is one kind in nitrogen, helium or argon gas.
Wherein, the drying described in step (2) is that keeping temperature is 80 DEG C of dryings more than 8 hours.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
Nitrogen-doped graphene preparation method disclosed in the inventive method is directly using polymer containing amino triazine as carbon source and nitrogen
Source, without adding carbon substrate, template and transition metal as catalyst, the graphene sheet layer of formation fold after high-temperature process
Structure, drastically increase the specific surface area of carbon material；Further, the inventive method has reaction condition gentle, is produced into
This is low, and simple to operate, controllability is good, the advantages that being easy to industrialized production, and does not have heavy metal pollution problem, and price is low
It is honest and clean, it is easy to structure design freedom shape height, is a kind of preparation method of very excellent nitrogen-doped graphene material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares gained nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Fig. 2 is the TEM photos that the embodiment of the present invention 1 prepares gained nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Fig. 3 is the stereoscan photograph that the embodiment of the present invention 2 prepares gained nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Fig. 4 is the TEM photos that the embodiment of the present invention 2 prepares gained nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Fig. 5 is the stereoscan photograph that the embodiment of the present invention 3 prepares gained nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Fig. 6 is the TEM photos that the embodiment of the present invention 3 prepares gained nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Embodiment
Embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention not by
The limitation of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material, operating procedure are as follows：
(1) copolymer containing amino triazine is prepared：Weigh 1g 2,4- diaminourea -6- methyl isophthalic acids, 3,5 triazines (i.e. 8mmol) in
In 100ml deionized waters, magnetic agitation adds 12.76g ammonium persulfates (i.e. 5.6mmol) under 5 DEG C of stirring conditions to after dissolving
Reaction 4 hours, polymerization form milky floccule；
(2) high-temperature process：After gained milky floccule filters after step (1) is polymerize, by gained filter residue ethanol and
Deionized water is alternately cleaned, and is cleaned altogether 8 times, be i.e. ethanol and deionized water respectively cleaning 4 times, gained filter residue after cleaning be put into very
Dried 8 hours at empty 80 DEG C of drying box, produce polymer solids, after being fully ground with mortar, enter in nitrogen atmosphere protection down
In tube furnace, heat temperature raising is carried out by 6 DEG C/min of heating rate, to high-temperature process at 900 DEG C 1 hour, naturally cools to room
Temperature, obtain black powder, as nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material, operating procedure are as follows：
(1) copolymer containing amino triazine is prepared：Weigh chloro- 4,6 diaminostilbenes of 1g 2-, 3,5 triazines (i.e. 7.6mmol) in
In 100ml deionized waters, magnetic agitation adds 12.76g potassium peroxydisulfates (i.e. 5.6mmol) and 5.6mmol peroxidating to after dissolving
Hydrogen reacts 4 hours under 5 DEG C of stirring conditions, and polymerization forms White Flocculus；
(2) high-temperature process：After gained milky floccule filters after step (1) is polymerize, by gained filter residue ethanol and
Deionized water is alternately cleaned, and is cleaned altogether 6 times, be i.e. ethanol and deionized water respectively cleaning 3 times, gained filter residue after cleaning be put into very
Dried 9 hours at empty 80 DEG C of drying box, produce polymer solids, after being fully ground with mortar, enter in nitrogen atmosphere protection down
In tube furnace, heat temperature raising is carried out by 6 DEG C/min of heating rate, to high-temperature process at 900 DEG C 1 hour, naturally cools to room
Temperature, obtain black powder, as nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material, operating procedure are as follows：
(1) copolymer containing amino triazine is prepared：0.76g 2- amino -1,3,5- triazines (i.e. 8mmol) are weighed to go in 100ml
In ionized water, it is small to add 1.825g ammonium persulfates (i.e. 8mmol) reaction 6 under 5 DEG C of stirring conditions to after dissolving for magnetic agitation
When, polymerization forms White Flocculus；
(2) high-temperature process：After gained milky floccule filters after step (1) is polymerize, by gained filter residue ethanol and
Deionized water is alternately cleaned, and is cleaned altogether 8 times, be i.e. ethanol and deionized water respectively cleaning 4 times, gained filter residue after cleaning be put into very
Dried 8 hours at empty 80 DEG C of drying box, produce polymer solids, after being fully ground with mortar, enter in nitrogen atmosphere protection down
In tube furnace, heat temperature raising is carried out by 6 DEG C/min of heating rate, to high-temperature process at 1000 DEG C 2 hours, naturally cools to room
Temperature, obtain black powder, as nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material, operating procedure are as follows：
(1) copolymer containing amino triazine is prepared：Weigh 0.5g 2,4- diaminourea -6- methyl isophthalic acids, 3,5 triazines (4mmol) and
0.61g 2,4- diaminourea -6- dimethylamine -1,3,5- triazines (4mmol) (i.e. reaction-ure mixture is 8mmol) are in 100ml dimethyl
In sulfoxide, magnetic agitation adds 1.9g sodium peroxydisulfates (i.e. 8mmol) and 5.05g potassium permanganate (32mmol) at 0 DEG C to after dissolving
Reacted 12 hours under stirring condition, polymerization forms milky floccule；
(2) high-temperature process：After gained milky floccule filters after step (1) is polymerize, by gained filter residue ethanol and
Deionized water is alternately cleaned, and is cleaned altogether 8 times, be i.e. ethanol and deionized water respectively cleaning 4 times, gained filter residue after cleaning be put into very
Dried 8 hours at empty 80 DEG C of drying box, produce polymer solids, after being fully ground with mortar, enter in argon gas atmosphere protection down
In tube furnace, heat temperature raising is carried out by 1 DEG C/min of heating rate, to high-temperature process at 600 DEG C 5 hours, naturally cools to room
Temperature, obtain black powder, as nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material, operating procedure are as follows：
(1) copolymer containing amino triazine is prepared：Weigh chloro- 4,6 diaminostilbenes of 1g 2-, 3,5 triazines (i.e. 7.6mmol) in
In 100ml monochloro methanes and dichloromethane mixture (monochloro methane and each 50ml of dichloromethane), magnetic agitation adds to after dissolving
Enter 17.34g ammonium persulfates (i.e. 76mmol) to react 2 hours under 10 DEG C of stirring conditions, polymerization forms milky floccule；
(2) high-temperature process：After gained milky floccule filters after step (1) is polymerize, by gained filter residue ethanol and
Deionized water is alternately cleaned, and is cleaned altogether 8 times, be i.e. ethanol and deionized water respectively cleaning 4 times, gained filter residue after cleaning be put into very
Dried 8 hours at empty 80 DEG C of drying box, produce polymer solids, after being fully ground with mortar, enter in helium atmosphere protection down
In tube furnace, heat temperature raising is carried out by 10 DEG C/min of heating rate, to high-temperature process at 1200 DEG C 0.5 hour, natural cooling
To room temperature, black powder, as nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material are obtained.
Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 are the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (SEM) of the products obtained therefrom of embodiment 1,2,3, as can be seen from the figure three
Material prepared by individual example has similar appearance structure, is formed by frivolous, the fluffy carbon-coating of quality through bending fold,
Simultaneously fluffy thin carbon layer structure provides big specific surface area for material.
Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 are the transmission electron microscope picture (TEM) of the products obtained therefrom of embodiment 1,2,3, have proved the knot that material is light, thin
Structure feature, it can be seen that the degree of graphitization of material is high by high magnification electromicroscopic photograph, and the carbon-coating number of edge is probably 3
~4 layers, these are the obvious characteristics of class graphene carbon material.
The inventive method prepares nitrogen-doped graphene carbon material by one-step synthesis, it is not necessary to template and introducing carbon materials
Material makees substrate, and it is initiator to serve as nitrogen source and carbon source and persulfate from the cheap triaizine compounds containing amino 1,3,5,
Afterwards nitrogen-doped graphene structure is formed by high-temperature heat treatment.
The description of the foregoing specific illustrative embodiment to the present invention is to illustrate and the purpose of illustration.These descriptions
It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can be much changed
And change.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explain that the certain principles of the present invention and its reality should
With so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize the present invention a variety of exemplaries and
Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene, it is characterised in that include following operating procedure：
(1) the triazine copolymer containing amino 1,3,5 is prepared：The triaizine compounds monomer of amino 1,3,5 will be contained to be dissolved in solvent, addition is drawn
Agent is sent out, is reacted 2~12 hours under 0~10 DEG C of stirring condition, is polymerize；
(2) high-temperature process：Gained material is filtered, dried after step (1) is polymerize, in indifferent gas after resulting polymers solid abrasive
Under atmosphere protection, 600~1200 DEG C of high-temperature process 0.5~5 hour, room temperature is cooled to, is then post-processed, that is, obtains nitrogen sulphur and is total to
Adulterate carbon material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The triazine containing amino 1,3,5 described in step (1)
Monomer adduct is the methyl isophthalic acid of 2,4 diaminourea -6,3,5 triazines, 2- amino -4- ethyoxyl -6- methyl isophthalic acids, 3,5- triazines, 2- amino -
1,3,5-triazines, 2,4- diaminourea -6- phenyl -1,3,5-triazines, 2,4- diaminourea -6- dimethylamine -1,3,5-triazines, 2- are chloro-
4,6 diaminostilbenes, one or more kinds of mixtures in 3,5 triazines.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Initiator described in step (1) is by main initiator
Persulfate forms or by main initiator persulfate and co initiator according to mol ratio 1~5:1 mixing composition；Described master
Initiator is one kind in potassium peroxydisulfate, ammonium persulfate or sodium peroxydisulfate；Described co initiator be potassium permanganate, nitric acid,
One kind in hydrogen peroxide or potassium bichromate.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Solvent described in step (1) is deionized water,
Alcohol, pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide, dimethyl acetamide, monochloro methane, dichloromethane, chloroform or tetrachloro
One or both of methane thing mixed above.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The triazine containing amino 1,3,5 described in step (1)
The mol ratio of monomer adduct and initiator is 1:1~1:10.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：4~6 are reacted in step (1) under 5 DEG C of stirring conditions
Hour, polymerization.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：600~1000 DEG C of high-temperature process 0.5 in step (2)
~3 hours, described heat treatment heating rate was 1~10 DEG C/min.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Inert gas described in step (2) is nitrogen, helium
One kind in gas or argon gas.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Drying described in step (2) is for keeping temperature
80 DEG C of dryings more than 8 hours.
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| CN110562961A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-13 | 广西大学 | Method for in-situ synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped stereo graphene |
| CN111333062A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-06-26 | 深圳市北林苑景观及建筑规划设计院有限公司 | Iron-nitrogen functionalized porous graded graphitized biochar |
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