CN107338391A - A kind of blank and preparation method, steel and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of blank and preparation method, steel and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107338391A CN107338391A CN201611230824.3A CN201611230824A CN107338391A CN 107338391 A CN107338391 A CN 107338391A CN 201611230824 A CN201611230824 A CN 201611230824A CN 107338391 A CN107338391 A CN 107338391A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
A kind of blank and preparation method, steel and preparation method, belong to steel field.Blank includes following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.12~0.14%C, 0.51~0.53%Mn, 0.24~0.30%Si, P 0.~0.%, 0.~0.%S, 0.94~1.04%Cr, 0.47~0.48%Mo, 0.07~0.08%Ni, 0.~0.%Al, 0.05~0.09%Cu, surplus are iron.Blank has of a relatively high cleanliness factor and excellent mechanical performance, suitable for high temperature, hyperbaric environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel field, in particular to a kind of blank and preparation method, steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, the power industry in China obtained fast development, and generating set capacity and annual electricity generating capacity carry year by year
Rise.Generating set capacity year growth ratio after it have passed through 10 years and be 3 times of cycle changes, again in fast-developing height
Position.Currently, the thermal power generation in my power industry still occupies larger ratio, wherein various high-tension apparatuses are needed, for example (,) it is high
Press boiler.During thermal power generation, it is necessary to using high quality pipeline such as high-pressure boiler tube, and the main of high-pressure boiler tube disappears
It is still thermal power generation boiler manufacturing enterprise to take object.Use of the thermal power generation boiler to high-pressure boiler tube occupies its overall consumption
The 85% of amount.Because high-pressure boiler tube is chronically at high-temperature high-pressure state, existing steel are difficult to use as high-pressure boiler tube.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of blank, and it has preferable high temperature, high-voltage performance, can meet high-pressure boiler
The making requirement of pipe.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned blank, being mingled with blank is reduced.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of steel mainly prepared using above-mentioned blank, it has high-temperature and durable
Property it is high, high temperature creep property is excellent the advantages of.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method by above-mentioned steel, internal stress is can remove, in raising
Portion's structural homogenity, improve steel quality.
What the present invention was realized in：
A kind of blank, including following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.12~0.14%C, 0.51~0.53%
Mn, 0.24~0.30%Si, P 0.003~0.008%, 0.003~0.004%S, 0.94~1.04%Cr, 0.47~
0.48%Mo, 0.07~0.08%Ni, 0.012~0.017%Al, 0.05~0.09%Cu, surplus are iron.The making side of blank
Method includes：Using carrying out deoxidation via refining slag system, remove the pouring molten steel that is mingled with, the degree of superheat of molten steel is 30~40 during cast
℃。
One kind makes steel using above-mentioned blank.Making the method for steel includes：Above-mentioned blank is forged, and to by forging
The blank afterwards is annealed, then is cooled down.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention：Be mingled with blank provided in an embodiment of the present invention content and oxygen, phosphorus, sulphur,
The content of the impurity elements such as hydrogen, nitrogen is relatively low, it is possible to prevente effectively from component segregation, the generation of a large amount of field trashes etc. are asked in preparation process
Topic, so as to improve the performance of blank.By refining slag system deoxidation, go to be mingled with the cleanliness factor for improving blank, be advantageous to improve
Its quality, while the molten steel of 30~40 DEG C of the degree of superheat has preferable mobility and segregation reduces, so as to be easier to be poured
Note is to promote it to form preferable crystalline structure, beneficial to its macrostructure of improvement and crystalline phase.During pouring molten steel, clinker melts
Change temperature it is low, be advantageous to the removal being mingled with, also more conducively desulfurization, dephosphorization etc. and avoid fragility from raising.Blank is carried out at high temperature
Good forging can make its institutional framework be crushed and be recrystallized, so that its crystal grain fully refines, beneficial to its crystalline phase tissue,
So as to optimize the performances such as the tensile strength of steel, toughness, fatigue strength, crack resistance, and be advantageous to carry out large-scale continuous life
Production.High annealing is eliminated its internal stress, and interior tissue is uniform, ensures its internal soundness.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment
Condition person, the condition suggested according to normal condition or manufacturer are carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
It is specifically described below for blank and preparation method, the steel and preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention：
A kind of blank, it includes following chemical constituent by mass percentage：
0.12~0.14%C, 0.51~0.53%Mn, 0.24~0.30%Si, P 0.003~0.008%,
0.003~0.004%S, 0.94~1.04%Cr, 0.47~0.48%Mo, 0.07~0.08%Ni,
0.012~0.017%Al, 0.05~0.09%Cu, surplus are iron.
Further, blank includes following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.12~0.14%C, 0.51~
0.53%Mn, 0.24~0.30%Si, P 0.003~0.008%, 0.003~0.004%S, 0.94~1.04%Cr, 0.47
~0.48%Mo, 0.07~0.08%Ni, 0.012~0.017%Al, 0.05~0.09%Cu, surplus are iron.
Further, blank includes following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.14%C, 0.53%Mn,
0.30%Si, P 0.005%, 0.003%S, 1.02%Cr, 0.47%Mo, 0.07%Ni, 0.012%Al, 0.07%Cu, it is remaining
Measure as iron.
The vanadium of trace, niobium, titanium, copper, nitrogen, rare earth metal etc. can also be mixed in blank, or regulation adds as needed
Added elements and its addition.Silicon can be used as deoxidier, while improve the intensity of blank, while not change its moulding and toughness,
Complicated forming processes are carried out due to making.Manganese has the performance of deoxidation and desulfurization concurrently simultaneously, avoids oxygen, red brittleness liter caused by sulphur
High problem, be advantageous to improve its hot-working character and mechanical property, such as intensity, hardness, wearability.The introducing of a small amount of phosphorus can be with
While its cold brittleness and welding performance is not increased, its corrosion resistance and cutting ability can also be improved, improves its stability.
Manganese can be combined with sulphur, and so as to avoid sulphur from being segregated, while the presence of appropriate sulphur can also improve its cutting ability, make it have certain
Ductility is so as to avoiding stress concentration.Chromium, nickel can significantly improve intensity, hardness and wearability, while improve the anti-oxidant of steel
Property and corrosion resistance, it is easier to used in corrosion and hot environment has occurred.Aluminium can make the crystal grain refinement of steel, improve quenching degree
And thermostrength, enough intensity and creep resisting ability are kept in high temperature.Molybdenum can improve mechanical performance, suppress steel alloy because of fire
Caused by fragility.
Each component mutually acts synergistically in blank, makes it have good high-temperature and durable and high temperature creep property, also simultaneously
With heat shock resistance and corrosive nature.
Above-mentioned blank can be made by a variety of methods, in the embodiment of the present invention, be carried out for example with following methods
Make：The pouring molten steel for use the degree of superheat for 30~40 DEG C and carry out deoxidation by refining slag system, going to be mingled with forms.
Further, the degree of superheat of molten steel is 32~36 DEG C, and further, the degree of superheat of molten steel is 34~36 DEG C, then
Further, the degree of superheat of molten steel is 37~40 DEG C.The more presence in the form of carbide of carbon in blank, can improve its intensity,
But its toughness and plasticity and welding performance can be influenceed.By controlling the degree of superheat, the content of carbide can be controlled, so as to controllable
Device performance processed, while avoid the generation of the blank lobe of cast.In addition, the control degree of superheat can avoid the segregation of carbon, strengthen steel
Water mobility, be advantageous to the formation of crystalline phase tissue, so as to improve its performance.
In addition, molten steel also carries out deoxidation using refining slag system, goes to be mingled with.Refining slag system has multiple choices, for example, of the invention
In embodiment, refining slag system can select CaO-CaF2Slag system, CaO-A12O3-CaF2Slag system, CaO-A12O3-MgO-SiO2Slag system,
CaO-A12O3One kind in slag system.Refining slag system can remove the oxygen in molten steel, while can also strengthen the mobility of clinker, from
And it is easier to remove element and the field trashes such as sulphur therein, phosphorus.
Molten steel can be obtained by existing smelting mode, for example, in the embodiment of the present invention, first by electric furnace to ore stove
Material carries out preliminary completion preliminary degassing, deoxidation, desulfurization and the removal of inclusions smelted and obtains molten steel, then passes through LF external refinings
Mode molten steel is refined, be then that ladle refining furnace is further refined by vacuum degassing using VD stoves, obtain molten steel.
Wherein, electric furnace can be preferably EBT electric furnaces, i.e., eccentric bottom tapping can be completed to melt, heat up and must by it
The refinery practice (for example, dephosphorization, decarburization) wanted.The tapping hole of EBT electric cooker structures is in steel box bottom and vertically downward.Tapping hole
Bottom is provided with the switching mechanism for being used for being opened and closed tapping hole.Steel box center of top is provided with gathering hole, so that tapping hole filler operates
And safeguard.
EBT electric furnaces can realize slag free tapping (molten steel), be advantageous to refining operation, save the energy, furnace bottom tapping, in addition,
Tapping temperature can also be reduced, reduces secondary oxidation, improves the quality of steel.
During EBT electric furnace steel tappings, rolled to tapping after moving about 5 degree, open switching mechanism, tapping hole filler is in ferrostatic pressure
The lower automatic whereabouts of effect, molten steel flow into ladle, realize that automatic casting is tapped.When molten steel goes out to about 95% required, rapid return is inclined
To prevent slag, return in molten steel and a little clinker inflow ladle that process of inclining there is also about 5%, stove (stays steel 10% after shaking just in stove
~15%, stay slag >=95%) Inspection and maintenance tapping hole, tapping hole is closed, it is filled, steel scrap is filled, re-strikes melting.
LF external refinings can for just steel-making liquid various more excellent refining conditions are provided, to molten steel progress composition (such as
Carbon), the strict control of temperature, field trash, gas content etc., be advantageous to shorten smelting cycle, reduce consumption, improve productivity ratio.
In VD stove refining process, by being passed through the gases such as argon gas to ladle, mainly vacuumize, bottom Argon gas agitating,
Above-mentioned technique is very simple, and Slag inclusion can be promoted to float, and completes alloying component fine setting etc. under oxygen blast, decarburization, vacuum degassing, vacuum
Step.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by using the smelter of EBT electric furnaces successively, LF external refinings and VD stove vacuum degassings
Skill can make cast obtain the quality of blank to obtain larger improvement, while can also shorten smelting cycle, reduce energy consumption and subtract
Row.
Following EBT electric furnaces, LF external refinings and a kind of optional smelting process of VD stove vacuum degassings are carried out briefly
It is bright.
EBT electric furnace smeltings use the selected lime of firm kiln discharge, must not there is carbon slag, and should carry out oxygen blast immediately behind formation molten bath helps
Molten work.Melt the later stage and oxidation low temperature early stage takes off P, P exceptions Gao Shike adds appropriate lime or changes slag, and tapping temperature is 1690
More than DEG C.
Add refining slag 400kg/ stoves, lime 300kg, dolomite 100kg in LF refining furnace (ladle)；Have in ladle certain
After molten steel, Mn, Al etc., the addition of control deoxidier, slag charge and ferroalloy are added with steel stream.
VD stoves refine, it is desirable to which slag 60~100mm of thickness, final vacuum≤67Pa, big flow blows Ar and (blows Ar under end vacuum
Flow >=120L/min), the retention time >=15min.Broken unprecedented about 1~2min, will blow Ar flows and is transferred to 20~40L/min.It is quiet
Blow Ar (argon gas), time >=10min.When temperature reaches bull ladle temperature, timely bull ladle cast.Before bull ladle, around steel ladle edge
Residue will be cleaned out, and prevent steel pouring process from falling into mould.VD stoves refine end temp T=steel grades fusing point+(100~110 DEG C).
Further to improve the performance of blank, the poring rate of molten steel can also be limited, such as the present invention is implemented
In example, the speed of pour steel is 0.94~1.46 tons minute.By the control to molten steel overheat and poring rate, i.e.,
By its degree of superheat, extend the duration of pouring, can aid in the internal soundness for improving steel.For example, in 35 DEG C of cast 13- of the degree of superheat
16min。
Present invention also offers a kind of steel being made by above-mentioned blank by forging and annealing.The making side of steel
Method includes：Blank is handled more than 5 hours and forged in 1210~1230 DEG C of inside holding；The base after forging
Material is annealed at 640~720 DEG C, then is cooled down.
1210~1230 DEG C of inside holdings handle more than 5 hours can with blank in various elements fully react, act on, together
When make its crystal phase structure further growth.It is preferred that before carrying out carrying out isothermal holding under above-mentioned hot conditions to blank, also
Blank, which can be heated, makes its temperature reach more than 500 DEG C.By in advance by blank heating to more than 500 DEG C, so as to avoid blank
By larger thermal shock, while make its crystalline phase tissue growth, avoid crystalline phase from rapidly heating up lower destroyed.
The crystalline phase in steel can be made to produce the process that crystalline phase is broken and recrystallizes in forging process, so that crystalline phase is more
Refinement and densification, reach the purpose for improving metal structure, improving its mechanical performance.The mode of forging have it is a variety of, such as can be with
Using existing open die forging and die forging etc..It is preferred that in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for forging blank includes：By insulation
The blank of processing carries out n times hot forging pressure processing while hot, and the hot forging pressure processing every time includes the jumping-up processing carried out successively
Handled with pulling, the height of the blank is less than the blank after the N-1 times pulling processing after the processing of n-th jumping-up
Height 1/2, N >=2.
Inventor has found that forged by using above-mentioned in 1210~1230 DEG C of temperature, can be effective
Ground makes the broken of its as-cast structure, while makes it have appropriate deformation quantity and recover to recrystallize, so that crystal grain is relatively filled
The refinement divided, beneficial to ground macrostructure and crystalline phase tissue.Blank can be applied using different equipment and pressure in forging process
Add in active force, such as the embodiment of the present invention, using press with 4000~5,000,000 Ns of pressure extrusion blank.
Further, the method annealed to blank includes：Blank after forging is directly red to deliver to annealing furnace, moves back
Stove is incubated 3~5 hours by room temperature to 640~720 DEG C, and at 640~720 DEG C.By selecting appropriate annealing temperature
And the time, make its internal crystalline phase stable and balance, so that crystal grain is thinner, organizes evenly.After annealing, blank
It is preferred that in natural cooling in an atmosphere.Avoid quenching from extending the growth time of crystalline phase, make crystalline phase and institutional framework further
Maturation, internal grain boundary defects etc. are avoided to produce.Blank after forging is directly red to deliver to annealing furnace, can avoid being harmful into steel
The precipitation divided, while the unstable of crystalline phase can be avoided, reduce cracked and internal flaw.It is directly red to send it is also possible that steel
The production efficiency of material improves.Further, during red send, blank can also be incubated, avoids its temperature drastically
Decline.
Steel prepared by the embodiment of the present invention can be used for making steel pipe of the caliber in more than 700mm, and its low power performance
Index can meet the requirement of major diameter high-pressure boiler tube.
The blank and preparation method to the present invention, steel and preparation method are made further to retouch in detail with reference to embodiments
State.
Embodiment 1
A kind of blank, it has following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.12%C, 0.51%Mn, 0.24Si, P
0.003%th, 0.001%S, 0.94%Cr, 0.47%Mo, 0.07%Ni, 0.008%Al, 0.05%Cu, surplus are iron.
The method for making blank is as follows：
In the present embodiment, using existing electric furnace smelting, LF external refinings and VD vacuum degassings combine smelting mode,
And utilize CaO-CaF2Slag system carries out deoxidation, goes to be mingled with and prepare molten steel.When the degree of superheat of molten steel reaches 30 DEG C, with 1 ton/point
The speed pour steel of clock treats that it is cooled into blank.In the present embodiment, blank is cylindrical-shaped structure.
Wherein, electric furnace smelting is：Furnace bottom pinner ash 600kg simultaneously adds raw material, and it is fluxing to be heated to oxygen blast after forming molten bath, melts
De- P will be carried out early stage by changing later stage and oxidation, and in 1690 DEG C of tappings, and phosphorus content control is in 0.003wt%.LF external refinings are：
Slag system is according to the addition of 5kg/t steel, the metal such as aluminum steel, manganese after heating fusing, and carries out Argon processing.VD is refined：In vacuum
The processing time maintenance 20min spent under the conditions of 47Pa, Argon Stress control are controlled in 86NL/min in 0.5MPa, argon blowing rate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of blank, it has following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.13%C, 0.51%Mn, 0.26Si, P
0.005%th, 0.002%S, 1.0%Cr, 0.47%Mo, 0.07%Ni, 0.001%Al, 0.06%Cu, surplus are iron.
The method for making blank is as follows：
In the present embodiment, using the smelting mode of existing electric furnace, LF external refinings and VD vacuum degassings combination, and
Utilize CaO-A12O3-CaF2Slag system carries out deoxidation, goes to be mingled with and prepare molten steel.When the degree of superheat of molten steel reaches 30 DEG C, with 0.94
The speed pour steel of tons minute treats that it is cooled into blank.In the present embodiment, blank is cylindrical-shaped structure.
Wherein, electric furnace smelting is：Furnace bottom pinner ash 620kg simultaneously adds raw material, and it is fluxing to be heated to oxygen blast after forming molten bath, melts
De- P will be carried out early stage by changing later stage and oxidation, and in 1695 DEG C of tappings, and phosphorus content control is in 0.005wt%.LF external refinings are：
Slag system adds according to the amount of 6kg/t steel, the metal such as aluminum steel, manganese after heating fusing, and carries out Argon processing, controls the S contents to be
0.002wt%.VD is refined：Processing time under the conditions of vacuum 50Pa maintains 18min, and Argon Stress control exists
0.41MPa, argon blowing rate are controlled in 89NL/min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of blank, it has following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.14%C, 0.53%Mn, 0.30Si, P
0.008%th, 0.005%S, 1.04%Cr, 0.48%Mo, 0.08%Ni, 0.012%Al, 0.09%Cu, surplus are iron.
The method for making blank is as follows：
In the present embodiment, using the smelting mode of existing electric furnace, LF external refinings and VD vacuum degassings combination, and
Utilize CaO-A12O3-MgO-SiO2Slag system carries out deoxidation, goes to be mingled with and prepare molten steel.When the degree of superheat of molten steel reaches 35 DEG C, with
The speed pour steel of 1.46 tons minutes treats that it is cooled into blank.In the present embodiment, blank is cylindrical-shaped structure.
Wherein, electric furnace smelting is：Furnace bottom pinner ash 663kg simultaneously adds raw material, and it is fluxing to be heated to oxygen blast after forming molten bath, melts
De- P will be carried out early stage by changing later stage and oxidation, and in 1704 DEG C of tappings, and phosphorus content control is in 0.008wt%.LF external refinings are：
Slag system adds according to the amount of 5~8kg/t steel, the metal such as aluminum steel, manganese after heating fusing, and carries out Argon processing, controls the S contents to be
0.005wt%.VD is refined：Processing time under the conditions of vacuum 55Pa maintains 18min, and Argon Stress control exists
0.36MPa, argon blowing rate are controlled in 74NL/min.
Embodiment 4
A kind of blank, it has following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.14%C, 0.53%Mn, 0.30%
Si, P 0.005%, 0.003%S, 1.02%Cr, 0.47%Mo, 0.07%Ni, 0.012%Al, 0.07%Cu, surplus are iron.
The method for making blank is as follows：
In the present embodiment, using the smelting mode of existing electric furnace, LF external refinings and VD vacuum degassings combination, and
Utilize CaO-A12O3-MgO-SiO2Slag system carries out deoxidation, goes to be mingled with and prepare molten steel.When the degree of superheat of molten steel reaches 40 DEG C, with
The speed pour steel of 1.2 tons minutes treats that it is cooled into blank.In the present embodiment, blank is cylindrical-shaped structure.
Wherein, electric furnace smelting is：Furnace bottom pinner ash 650kg simultaneously adds raw material, and it is fluxing to be heated to oxygen blast after forming molten bath, melts
De- P will be carried out early stage by changing later stage and oxidation, and in 1723 DEG C of tappings, and phosphorus content control is in 0.005wt%.LF external refinings are：
Slag system adds according to the amount of 5.6kg/t steel, the metal such as aluminum steel, manganese after heating fusing, and carries out Argon processing, controls the S contents to be
0.004wt%.VD is refined：Processing time under the conditions of vacuum 60Pa maintains 15min, and Argon Stress control exists
0.4MPa, argon blowing rate are controlled in 65NL/min.
Embodiment 5
A kind of blank, it has following chemical constituent by mass percentage：0.14%C, 0.52%Mn, 0.28%
Si, P 0.007%, 0.005%S, 1.04%Cr, 0.48%Mo, 0.08%Ni, 0.012%Al, 0.09%Cu, 0.02%Nb,
Surplus is iron.
The method for making blank is as follows：
In the present embodiment, using the smelting mode of existing electric furnace, LF external refinings and VD vacuum degassings combination, and
Utilize CaO-A12O3-MgO-SiO2Slag system carries out deoxidation, goes to be mingled with and prepare molten steel.When the degree of superheat of molten steel reaches 40 DEG C, with
The speed pour steel of 1.2 tons minutes treats that it is cooled into blank.In the present embodiment, blank is cylindrical-shaped structure.
Wherein, electric furnace smelting is：Furnace bottom pinner ash 605kg, it is fluxing to be heated to oxygen blast after forming molten bath, melts later stage and oxygen
De- P will be carried out early stages by changing, and in 1736 DEG C of tappings, and phosphorus content control is in 0.007wt%.LF external refinings are：Slag system according to
The amount of 7kg/t steel is added, and the metals such as aluminum steel, manganese are supplemented after heating fusing, and carries out Argon processing, controls the S contents to be
0.005wt%.VD is refined：Processing time under the conditions of vacuum 67Pa maintains 20min, and Argon Stress control exists
0.3MPa, argon blowing rate are controlled in 120NL/min.
Embodiment 6
A kind of steel, it uses the blank that embodiment 1 provides to be formed by forging, annealing.
First, take the blank made to heat it, until the temperature of blank reaches 1210 DEG C, protected at 1210 DEG C
Temperature 5 hours.After 1210 DEG C are incubated 5 hours, direct forging blank, obtains forge piece while hot.Forge piece in room temperature is existed
640 DEG C are annealed, and are cooled to room temperature, are produced.
Embodiment 7
A kind of steel, it uses the blank that embodiment 2 provides to be formed by forging, annealing.
First, take the blank made to heat it, until the temperature of blank reaches 1223 DEG C, protected at 1223 DEG C
Temperature 8 hours.After 1223 DEG C are incubated 8 hours, direct forging blank, obtains forge piece while hot.Part to be forged is cooled to 209 DEG C
When, annealing 3 hours is carried out in 720 DEG C of annealing furnace, room temperature is cooled to, produces.
Embodiment 8
A kind of steel, it uses the blank that embodiment 3 provides to be formed by forging, annealing.
First, take the blank made to heat it, until the temperature of blank reaches 1230 DEG C, protected at 1230 DEG C
Temperature 7 hours.After 1230 DEG C are incubated 7 hours, direct forging blank, obtains forge piece while hot.
Wherein, the mode of forging is that the blank after being incubated 7 hours at 1230 DEG C carries out 2 hot forgings pressure processing while hot, is obtained
Press forging.Wherein, each hot forging pressure processing includes the jumping-up processing carried out successively and pulling processing.That is, carry out first at jumping-up
Reason makes blank be extruded shortening thickening, then blank is extended undergauge to carrying out stretching, then repeats above-mentioned upsetting pressure and stretching.This
In embodiment, the height of the blank is less than the height of the blank after the 1st pulling processing after the 2nd jumping-up is handled
The 1/2 of degree.
By in the press forging directly red annealing furnace for delivering to 711 DEG C, annealing 5 hours is carried out at 711 DEG C, then is air-cooled to room temperature,
Produce.
Embodiment 8
A kind of steel, it uses the blank that embodiment 4 provides to be formed by forging, annealing.
First, take the blank made to heat it, be first heated to 500 DEG C insulation 2 hours after, be further continued for heat base
Material reaches 1217 DEG C up to its temperature, and 7 hours are incubated at 1218 DEG C.After 1218 DEG C are incubated 7 hours, base is directly forged while hot
Material, obtains forge piece.
Wherein, the mode of forging is that the blank after being incubated 7 hours at 1230 DEG C carries out 2 hot forgings pressure processing while hot, is obtained
Press forging.Wherein, each hot forging pressure processing includes the jumping-up processing carried out successively and pulling processing.That is, carry out first at jumping-up
Reason makes blank be extruded shortening thickening, then blank is extended undergauge to carrying out stretching, then repeats above-mentioned upsetting pressure and stretching.This
In embodiment, the height of the blank is less than the height of the blank after the 1st pulling processing after the 2nd jumping-up is handled
The 1/3 of degree.
Deliver to press forging is red in the annealing furnace in room temperature, annealing furnace is warming up to 711 DEG C and carries out annealing 5 hours, then empty
It is cooled to room temperature, produces.
Embodiment 9
A kind of steel, it uses the blank that embodiment 5 provides to be formed by forging, annealing.
First, take the blank made to heat it, be first heated to 600 DEG C insulation 3 hours after, be further continued for heat base
Material reaches 1224 DEG C up to its temperature, and 4 hours are incubated at 1220 DEG C.After 1220 DEG C are incubated 4 hours, base is directly forged while hot
Material, obtains forge piece.
Wherein, the mode of forging is that the blank after being incubated 4 hours at 1220 DEG C carries out 3 hot forgings pressure processing while hot, is obtained
Press forging.
Wherein, each hot forging pressure processing includes the jumping-up processing carried out successively and pulling processing.
The method of each hot forging pressure processing is as follows：Carrying out jumping-up processing first makes blank be extruded shortening thickening, then to entering
Row stretching makes blank extend undergauge, then repeats above-mentioned upsetting pressure and stretching.In the present embodiment, after the 2nd jumping-up is handled
The height of the blank is less than 1/4 of the height of the blank after the 1st pulling processing.In this implementation, pulling processing is adopted
With FM methods, i.e., using center without tension forging method.Flat anvil is prevented to terminate in platform, and flat anvil is matched somebody with somebody in a non-symmetrical way
Put, pulling processing is carried out to the blank for being positioned over flat anvil, make its internal asymmetric deformation of generation, so as to internal defects such as
Hole carries out forging conjunction.
Deliver to press forging is red in the annealing furnace in room temperature, annealing furnace is warming up to 720 DEG C and carries out annealing 5 hours, then empty
It is cooled to room temperature, produces.
Different demands based on steel, in the present embodiment, further to steel again by aligning, peeling, scale to obtain
The finished product material of required dimensions.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but will be appreciated that without departing substantially from the present invention's
Many other change and modification can be made in the case of spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of blank, it is characterised in that including following chemical constituent by mass percentage：
C 0.12~0.14%, 0.51~0.53%Mn, 0.24~0.30%Si, P 0.003~0.008%, 0.001~
0.005%S, 0.94~1.04%Cr, 0.47~0.48%Mo, 0.07~0.08%Ni, 0.008~0.012%Al, 0.05~
0.09%Cu, surplus are iron.
A kind of 2. preparation method of blank as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that including：
Using carrying out deoxidation via refining slag system, remove the pouring molten steel that is mingled with, the degree of superheat of the molten steel is 30~40 during cast
℃。
3. the preparation method of blank according to claim 2, it is characterised in that pour into a mould the speed of the molten steel for 0.94~
1.46 tons minute.
4. the preparation method of the blank according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the refining slag system includes CaO-CaF2
Slag system, CaO-A12O3-CaF2Slag system, CaO-A12O3-MgO-SiO2Slag system, CaO-A12O3One kind in slag system.
5. a kind of steel, it is characterised in that mainly forged by blank as claimed in claim 1, annealing is made.
A kind of 6. preparation method of steel, it is characterised in that including：Blank as claimed in claim 1 is forged, by forging
The blank after making is annealed, then is cooled down.
7. the preparation method of steel according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
Before forging the blank, in addition to by the blank 1210~1230 DEG C be incubated more than 5 hours；
After forging the blank, the temperature annealed to the blank is 640~720 DEG C.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that forging the method for the blank includes：
By carrying out n times hot forging pressure processing, each heat while hot in the blank of 1210~1230 DEG C of insulations more than 5 hours
Forging and stamping processing includes the jumping-up processing carried out successively and pulling processing, the height of the blank after the processing of n-th jumping-up
1/2, N >=2 being less than less than the height of the blank after the N-1 times pulling processing.
9. the preparation method according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that the blank is incubated it at 1210~1230 DEG C
Before, the blank is heated to 500 DEG C~800 DEG C.
10. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the method annealed to the blank includes：Through
The blank crossed after forging is red to deliver to annealing furnace, the annealing furnace by room temperature to 640~720 DEG C, and 640~720
DEG C insulation 3~5 hours.
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| CN201611230824.3A CN107338391A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | A kind of blank and preparation method, steel and preparation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109055852A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Cold work die steel inclusion control method |
| CN110090933A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-06 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | A kind of pouring technology of low segregation plastic die steel |
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| CN102392195A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-03-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength high-toughness nuclear power pressure vessel forging steel and its manufacturing method |
| CN103725985A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-16 | 首钢总公司 | Ultra-high strength steel plate and production method thereof |
| CN104651754A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-27 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Low alloy steel for high-pressure boiler tube and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH05195141A (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1993-08-03 | Japan Casting & Forging Corp | Forged steel product having excellent fire resistance and toughness and its manufacture |
| CN102181793A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-09-14 | 南京迪威尔重型锻造股份有限公司 | Process for manufacturing steel forge piece of vertical conveying pipe of deep sea oil extraction equipment |
| CN102392195A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-03-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength high-toughness nuclear power pressure vessel forging steel and its manufacturing method |
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| CN109055852A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2018-12-21 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Cold work die steel inclusion control method |
| CN110090933A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-06 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | A kind of pouring technology of low segregation plastic die steel |
| CN110090933B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-10-08 | 石钢京诚装备技术有限公司 | Pouring process of low segregation plastic die steel |
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