CN107322922B - 3D printing method and device for double-layer co-extrusion foaming material - Google Patents
3D printing method and device for double-layer co-extrusion foaming material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107322922B CN107322922B CN201710689189.3A CN201710689189A CN107322922B CN 107322922 B CN107322922 B CN 107322922B CN 201710689189 A CN201710689189 A CN 201710689189A CN 107322922 B CN107322922 B CN 107322922B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The invention provides a 3D printing method and a device for a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material, aiming at the problem that the 3D printing can not directly carry out the rapid forming of a plastic foam material, and the foaming extrusion and the 3D printing forming of the material can be completed at one time. The filamentous foaming material is extruded by adopting a co-extrusion process, the main material is extruded and foamed, the melting point is higher, and the non-foamed melting point of the surface material is lower; the thread-like foaming material is subjected to oriented heating welding by a heating device during layered printing, and the heating temperature is lower than the melting point of the main body material but slightly higher than the melting point of the surface material. The printing device mainly comprises a rack, an extrusion device, a workbench device and a display control screen, wherein the extrusion device is vertically installed, and a motor drives a screw rod to rotate so as to drive the extrusion device to move up and down. The table device realizes X and Y movement of the printing table. The head of the printing head is provided with a printing wire cutting device for removing the messy wires generated by inertial extrusion. The method and the device can be suitable for 3D printing and forming of the plastic foaming material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to 3D printing, mainly relates to 3D printing of a plastic foaming material, and particularly relates to a 3D printing method and device of a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material.
Background
Plastic foam is the main material filled in fragile articles, mainly EPS (expanded polystyrene) and EPE (expanded polyethylene). EPS is usually formed by a two-step method, namely EPS particles are prepared for pre-foaming, and then the pre-foamed particles are pumped into a forming die for heating and forming, so that a packaging liner is formed; the EPE is formed by extruding and foaming low-density polyethylene (LDPE) together with auxiliary materials of talcum powder, monoglyceride and liquefied butane gas, generally, a sheet with the thickness of about 10mm is obtained through extrusion foaming, then multilayer compounding, die cutting and bonding are carried out, finally, a packaging liner is formed, and a die cutting plate is required to be manufactured during the process of die cutting of the sheet. Both of these materials are conventional molding processes, each having advantages and disadvantages, but both are difficult to directly form into cushioning packaging structures without molds or die-cut plates.
3D Printing (3 DP) is currently the most popular rapid prototyping technology, which builds objects by layer-by-layer Printing using bondable materials such as powdered metals or plastics based on digital model files. In the 3D printing process, FDM (fused deposition modeling) is the most common three-dimensional printing and molding process with the lowest price, a prefabricated continuous filamentous material is heated and melted in a spray head, the spray head moves according to a set track, and the melted and extruded material is bonded and solidified with surrounding materials to form a 3D printing model. Common FDM printing materials are ABS and PLA, the printing materials are solid structures, and no report that 3D printing is directly carried out by adopting a foam porous material is found.
The utility model discloses a (CN 205416379U, 201620132256.2 a liftable 3D prints foam filling device, 2016.08.03) designed a liftable 3D prints foam filling device, the device can pack solid bobble and liquid foam material simultaneously, wherein the solid bobble is direct and the packing box contact, avoid printing liquid foam and packing box bonding, other positions are direct to fill the shaping with liquid foam and fix the solid bobble, the shaping is cut to shaping with the milling cutter to the reuse behind the shaping, finally form required packing intussuseption structure. This patent name is 3D prints, actually need carry on spacingly to printing the boundary through the packing box printing in-process, still need again through machining after the completion just can form the packing and fill the structure, and non-real 3D prints.
The invention patent (CN 103692653B, 201310719206.5, melt differential three-dimensional printer 2015.08.26) discloses a device for directly melting and printing plastic granules, and realizes quantitative and intermittent melt droplet injection precise accumulation by combining a micro-injection molding machine plasticizing device and a needle valve type hot runner device. The device has avoided FDM printing technology to need the step of prefabricated filiform material in advance, can directly carry out printing material's formula adjustment in the micro-injection molding machine plasticator, has improved printing material formula and has improved the efficiency that reliability was verified, has reduced the heating and melting silk making process of printing material simultaneously, has avoided the material ageing and the degradation that silk making heating and melting leads to. But the device cannot realize 3D printing on the plastic foam material.
In conclusion, the application and rapid molding of the plastic foam material cannot be directly performed by the existing 3D printing technology, and the application and rapid molding can be completed by adopting processes such as carving, pasting and the like when the foam material model is manufactured, so that the rapid verification of the packaging model is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a 3D printing method and a device for a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material, aiming at the problem that the existing 3D printing technology can not directly carry out the application and rapid forming of a plastic foam material, and realizes the foaming extrusion and the 3D printing forming of the material at one time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
A3D printing method of a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material adopts a co-extrusion process to extrude a filamentous foaming material, a main material is extruded and foamed, the melting point is higher, and a surface material is unfoamed and has a lower melting point; the extruded filamentous foaming materials are arranged according to the height of an extrusion head and the moving sequence of a printing platform, an infrared heating device at the head of the extrusion device directionally heats and welds the extruded filamentous materials and the printed structures at the contact parts of the extruded filamentous materials, and the heating temperature of the heating device is lower than the melting point of the main body material but slightly higher than the melting point of the surface material, so that the filamentous foaming materials contacted at the directional irradiation positions are mutually welded through the surface material.
The invention also provides a 3D printing device for the double-layer co-extrusion foaming material, which mainly comprises a rack (1), an extrusion device (2), a workbench device (3) and a display control screen (17), wherein the top of the rack (1) is provided with a charging barrel A (10), a foaming agent adding device (11), an anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) and a charging barrel B (13); the extrusion device (2) is vertically installed and is fixed with a lifting arm (20), a screw rod (16), a motor A (15) and a cantilever (21) on a cross beam of the frame (1) through a lifting guide rod (53) on the extrusion device, and the joint of the lifting arm (20) and the screw rod (16) is in threaded fit; the charging barrel A (10) is connected with an inlet B (57) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe C (19), the charging barrel B (13) is connected with a main feeding hole (54) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe D (22), the foaming agent adding device (11) is connected with a gas inlet (56) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe B (18), and the anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) is connected with an inlet A (55) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe A (14); during printing, the extruding device (2) moves in the Z direction, and the workbench device (3) realizes the X and Y directions of the printing table surface.
The workbench device (3) consists of a guide rod A (33), a synchronous belt (34), a buckle sliding connecting piece (35), a sliding rod A (36), a motor B (37), a sliding fixing device A (38), a sliding fixing device B (39), a printing table top (40), a sliding rod B (41), a guide rod B (42) and a synchronous belt wheel (43), and is arranged on a vertical column (31) and a transverse rod (32) of the rack (1); firstly, a sliding fixing device A (38) and a sliding fixing device B (39) are respectively arranged on a sliding rod A (36) and a sliding rod B (41), the sliding state is realized between the sliding fixing device A and the sliding rod B, and a printing table top (40) is fixed on the sliding fixing device A (38) and the sliding fixing device B (39); then, the buckle sliding connecting piece (35) is respectively arranged on the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42), the buckle sliding connecting piece (35) is in sliding fit with the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42), and then the two pairs of guide rods A (33) and the guide rod B (42) are fixed on the inner side surface of the upright post (31) by utilizing the upright post support; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: a motor B (37) and a synchronous belt wheel (43) are arranged on the inner side of the upright post (31), a synchronous belt (34) is respectively matched with the motor B (37) and the synchronous belt wheel (43) and is fixed with a buckle sliding connecting piece (35), the synchronous belt is respectively arranged in four directions of the frame, and the moving directions of the belts in two directions parallel to each other are the same.
The extrusion device (2) mainly comprises an extrusion motor (51), an extrusion sleeve (52), a lifting guide rod (53), a main feed inlet (54), an inlet A (55), an air inlet (56), an inlet B (57), an extrusion head (58), a servo motor device (59) and a heating and cutting device (60), wherein the extrusion motor (51) drives a screw rod of the extrusion device (2) to rotate, the extrusion sleeve (52) realizes segmented heating and cooling of materials, and the lifting guide rod (53) is used for mounting the extrusion device (2) on the rack (1); the main feed inlet (54) is a feed inlet of polyethylene granules; the inlet A (55) is a monoglyceride liquid inlet; a gas inlet (56) for a blowing gas butane inlet; the inlet B (57) is a surface material inlet; a funnel-shaped configuration of the extrusion head (58); the servo motor device (59) controls the movement of the heating cutting device (60).
The extrusion device (2) is respectively added with surface materials, foaming agents, anti-shrinking agents and main materials through a charging barrel A (10), a foaming agent adding device (11), an anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) and a charging barrel B (13), a power supply of equipment is turned on to preheat the extrusion device (2), before the preheating reaches the processing temperature of the main materials, the printed layered files are led into the equipment through a display control screen (17), and filamentous materials are extruded by an extrusion head (58) of the extrusion device (2).
Filamentous material leave and extrude head (58) and cool off the setting promptly, install heating at the tip of extrusion device (2) and decide device (60), according to print mesa (40) in X and Y to the moving direction, two hot plate (77) that system control is opposite rather than the direction of motion carry out infrared heating to the material, heating temperature is for being higher than the melting point temperature of printing silk surface material, guarantees that surface material melting and mutual bonding, guarantees simultaneously that printing silk main part material does not take place deformation and thermal contraction.
The servo motor device (59) is arranged at the end part of the extrusion sleeve (52), the servo motor device (59) comprises a motor frame (71), a motor C (72), a cam A (73) and a cam B (74), wherein the motor frame (71) is directly fixed on the extrusion sleeve (52), the motor C (72) is arranged in the motor frame (71), the cam A (73) and the cam B (74) are arranged on an extending shaft of the motor C (72), the cam A (73) is of a groove-shaped structure, and the cam B (74) is of a disc-shaped structure.
Device (60) are decided in heating install in extruding sleeve (52) end platform portion, device (60) are decided in heating include ring (75), link (76), hot plate (77), fixed plate (78), cam ejector pin (79), connecting rod (80), spring A (81), bracing piece (82), decide device (83), acting as go-between (84), spring B (85) and thin-walled circular tube (86), wherein: the circular ring (75), the four pairs of connecting frames (76) and the heating plate (77) are fixed on the thin-wall circular tube (86) to form a heating part; the cutting device is formed by a fixing plate (78), a cam ejector rod (79), a connecting rod (80), a spring A (81), a supporting rod (82), a cutting device (83), a pull wire (84) and a spring B (85), and the whole cutting device is fixed on a thin-wall circular tube (86); when in assembly, the fixing plate (78) is fixed on the thin-wall circular tube (86), and then the cutting device (83) with the spring B (85) is fixed through the supporting rod (82), the supporting rod (82) is of a lifting structure, the upper part of the supporting rod is provided with the spring A (81), and the supporting rod can be automatically reset by the spring when in a non-descending state; the cam mandril (79) passes through the fixing plate (78) for positioning, and the upper part of the cam mandril is matched with the groove part of the cam A (73); the pull wire (84) penetrates through the guide hole of the fixing plate (78), one section of the pull wire is connected to the cutting device (83), and the other end of the pull wire is connected to the cam B (74); a heating cutting device (60) is fixed to the end of the extrusion sleeve (52) by a thin circular tube (86).
The beneficial effects of the invention are: 1) the raw materials are directly extruded into the foaming material by the extruding device after the formula is set, and layered printing is carried out, so that the formula of the foaming material is convenient to adjust, and the process that the FDM printing mode needs to extrude and make filaments in advance is avoided; 2) in order to solve the difficult problem of adhesion among filamentous foams, a two-component extrusion process is adopted, plastic materials with different melting points are respectively adopted for a main body part and a surface part, the melting point of the material of the main body part is higher, the melting point of the material of the surface part is lower, the surface part of the printing filament is melted by adopting a directional heating mode after the material is extruded and molded, so that the printing materials are mutually welded, and meanwhile, the shape of the printing filament cannot be changed because the directional heating temperature is lower than the melting point of the main body material; 3) The printing head is changed into a position to avoid the printing wire from generating wire disorder due to inertial extrusion during layer changing, a cutting device is arranged at the end part of the printing extrusion device, and the printing wire at the extrusion outlet part is automatically cut and removed in a non-printing area during layer changing; 4) the plastic foam wire can be directly printed into a required structure, secondary processing is not needed, and sample preparation test and verification of plastic foam products are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an extrusion part of a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material 3D printing method.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing device for a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material.
Fig. 3 is a structural configuration diagram of the table device (3) in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a structural composition diagram of the extrusion apparatus (2) in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the servo motor device (59) and the heating and cutting device (60) in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the servo motor device (59) and the heating and cutting device (60) in fig. 4.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a frame, 2, an extrusion device, 3, a workbench device, 10, a material cylinder A, 11, a foaming agent adding device, 12, an anti-shrinking agent adding device, 13, a material cylinder B, 14, a pipe A, 15, a motor, 16, a screw, 17, a display control screen, 18, a pipe B, 19, a pipe C, 20, a lifting arm, 21, a cantilever, 22, a pipe D, 31, a stand column, 32, a cross bar, 33, a guide rod A, 34, a synchronous belt, 35, a buckle sliding connecting piece, 36, a slide rod A, 37, a motor, 38, a sliding fixing device A, 39, a sliding fixing device B, 40, a printing table board, 41, a slide rod B, 42, a guide rod B, 43, a synchronous belt wheel, 51, an extrusion motor, 52, an extrusion sleeve, 53, a lifting guide rod, 54, a main feed inlet, 55, an inlet A, 56, an air inlet, 57, an inlet B, 58, an extrusion head, 59, a servo motor device, 60. the cutting device comprises a heating cutting device, 71 a motor frame, 72 a motor, 73 a cam A, 74 a cam B, 75 a circular ring, 76 a connecting frame, 77 a heating plate, 78 a fixing plate, 79 a cam ejector rod, 80 a connecting rod, 81 a spring A, 82 a supporting rod, 83 a cutting device, 84 a stay wire, 85 a spring B and 86 a thin-wall circular tube.
Detailed Description
Referring to the attached figure 1, a schematic diagram of an extrusion part of a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material 3D printing method includes the steps that a main material A enters a screw extruder to be heated, plasticized and melted gradually, the melted main material A continues to move forward, a foaming agent B and a melted anti-shrinking agent C are added in sequence, the foaming agent B and the anti-shrinking agent C are uniformly mixed with the main material A, then the material is cooled and formed gradually, a surface material D lower than the melting point of the main material A is added into the extruder before the material is extruded, the surface material D is extruded together with the main material A after being melted immediately, and once the material leaves an extrusion opening, the material is foamed and expanded due to the action of the foaming agent B, and the surface material D is added at the last stage and only exists on the surface of the foaming material.
Referring to the attached drawings 2 and 4, the 3D printing device for the double-layer co-extrusion foaming material mainly comprises a rack (1), an extrusion device (2), a workbench device (3) and a display control screen (17), wherein a charging barrel A (10), a foaming agent adding device (11), an anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) and a charging barrel B (13) are installed at the top of the rack; the extrusion device (2) is vertically installed and is fixed with a lifting arm (20), a screw rod (16), a motor A (15) and a cantilever (21) on a cross beam of the frame (1) through a lifting guide rod (53) on the extrusion device, and the joint of the lifting arm (20) and the screw rod (16) is in threaded fit; the charging barrel A (10) is connected with an inlet B (57) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe C (19), the charging barrel B (13) is connected with a main feeding hole (54) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe D (22), the foaming agent adding device (11) is connected with a gas inlet (56) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe B (18), and the anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) is connected with an inlet A (55) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe A (14); when in printing, the extrusion device (2) moves along the Z direction, and the workbench device (3) realizes the X and Y directions of the printing table surface.
Referring to fig. 3, the workbench device (3) is composed of a guide rod a (33), a synchronous belt (34), a buckle sliding connector (35), a slide rod a (36), a motor B (37), a sliding fixing device a (38), a sliding fixing device B (39), a printing table top (40), a slide rod B (41), a guide rod B (42) and a synchronous belt wheel (43), and is arranged on a vertical column (31) and a cross rod (32) of the frame (1);
firstly, a sliding fixing device A (38) and a sliding fixing device B (39) are respectively arranged on a sliding rod A (36) and a sliding rod B (41), the sliding state is formed between the sliding fixing device A and the sliding rod B, and a printing table top (40) is fixed on the sliding fixing device A (38) and the sliding fixing device B (39);
then, a buckle sliding connecting piece (35) is respectively arranged on the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42), the buckle sliding connecting piece (35) is in sliding fit with the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42), and then the two pairs of guide rods A (33) and the guide rod B (42) are fixed on the inner side surface of the upright post (31) by utilizing the upright post support;
thirdly, the steps of: a motor B (37) and a synchronous belt wheel (43) are arranged on the inner side of the upright post (31), a synchronous belt (34) is respectively matched with the motor B (37) and the synchronous belt wheel (43) and is fixed with a buckle sliding connecting piece (35), the synchronous belt is respectively arranged in four directions of the frame, and the moving directions of the belts in two directions which are parallel to each other are the same.
Referring to fig. 4 and fig. 6, the extrusion device (2) mainly comprises an extrusion motor (51), an extrusion sleeve (52), a lifting guide rod (53), a main feed inlet (54), an inlet a (55), an air inlet (56), an inlet B (57), an extrusion head (58), a servo motor device (59) and a heating and cutting device (60), wherein the extrusion motor (51) drives a screw rod of the extrusion device (2) to rotate, the extrusion sleeve (52) realizes segmented heating and cooling of materials, and the lifting guide rod (53) is used for installing the extrusion device (2) on the rack (1); the main feed inlet (54) is a feed inlet of polyethylene granules; the inlet A (55) is a monoglyceride liquid inlet; a gas inlet (56) for a blowing gas butane inlet; the inlet B (57) is a surface material inlet; a funnel-shaped configuration of the extrusion head (58); the servo motor device (59) controls the movement of the heating cutting device (60).
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the servo motor device (59) is mounted at the end of the extrusion sleeve (52), the servo motor device (59) comprises a motor frame (71), a motor C (72), a cam a (73) and a cam B (74), wherein the motor frame (71) is directly fixed on the extrusion sleeve (52), the motor C (72) is mounted in the motor frame (71), the cam a (73) and the cam B (74) are mounted on an extending shaft of the motor C (72), wherein the cam a (73) is in a groove-shaped structure, and the cam B (74) is in a disc-shaped structure.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, device (60) is decided in heating is installed in extrusion sleeve (52) tip platform portion, and device (60) is decided in heating includes ring (75), link (76), hot plate (77), fixed plate (78), cam ejector pin (79), connecting rod (80), spring a (81), bracing piece (82), decides device (83), acting as go-between (84), spring B (85) and thin wall pipe (86), wherein: the circular ring (75), the four pairs of connecting frames (76) and the heating plate (77) are fixed on the thin-wall circular tube (86) to form a heating part; the cutting device is formed by a fixing plate (78), a cam ejector rod (79), a connecting rod (80), a spring A (81), a supporting rod (82), a cutting device (83), a pull wire (84) and a spring B (85), and the whole cutting device is fixed on a thin-wall circular tube (86); when in assembly, the fixing plate (78) is fixed on the thin-wall circular tube (86), and then the cutting device (83) with the spring B (85) is fixed through the supporting rod (82), the supporting rod (82) is of a lifting structure, the upper part of the supporting rod is provided with the spring A (81), and the supporting rod can be automatically reset by the spring when in a non-descending state; the cam mandril (79) penetrates through the fixing plate (78) for positioning, and the upper part of the cam mandril is matched with the groove part of the cam A (73); the pull wire (84) penetrates through the guide hole of the fixing plate (78), one section of the pull wire is connected to the cutting device (83), and the other end of the pull wire is connected to the cam B (74); a heating cutting device (60) is fixed to the end of the extrusion sleeve (52) by a thin circular tube (86).
Method and apparatus embodiments:
respectively adding a material cylinder A (10), a foaming agent adding device (11), an anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) and a material cylinder B (13) into a Polyolefin elastomer POE (Polyolefin elastomer) with a low melting point as a surface material (melting point is 50-70 ℃), liquefied butane gas, monoglyceride as an anti-shrinking agent and low-density polyethylene (LDPE, melting point is 110-.
And (3) turning on a power supply of the equipment to preheat the extrusion device (2), and before preheating to the LDPE processing temperature, introducing the printed layered file into the equipment through a display control screen (17), wherein the diameter of the EPE filamentous material extruded by an extrusion head (58) of the extrusion device (2) is 2-5mm, and the EPE filamentous material is ready for printing.
Before printing, firstly, the position between the extrusion head (58) and the printing table top (40) is calibrated through control software, and printing can be started after the calibration is finished.
In the working process, the height (Z direction) of the printed piece is realized by the gradual rise of the extrusion device (2), and specifically comprises the following steps: the control system drives the pair of motors A (15) to work, the screw rods (16) rotate under the driving of the motors A (15), so that the lifting arms (20) drive the extrusion devices (2) to ascend, the motors A (15) rotate once every printing layer to drive the extrusion devices (2) to ascend by one thickness, and the cantilever (21) is used for supporting and guiding the extrusion devices (2).
In the working process, the size change of a horizontal plane (XY plane) of a printing piece is realized by the workbench device (3), two groups of motors B (37) respectively drive the sliding rods A (36) and B (41) connected to the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42) to move through the synchronous belt (34) under the action of the control system, so that the printing table top (40) fixed by the sliding fixing device A (38) and the sliding fixing device B (39) is driven to move in the X direction and the Y direction, and the printing of a material on the XY plane is realized.
EPE filamentary material leaves extrusion head (58) promptly and cools off the setting, can't directly bond with the material that has printed, consequently install the heating at the tip of extrusion device (2) and decide device (60), according to printing mesa (40) at X and Y to the direction of movement, two hot plate (77) that the system control is opposite rather than the direction of motion carry out infrared heating to the material, heating temperature is 80 ℃, is higher than POE's melting point temperature, guarantees POE melting and bonds each other, guarantees simultaneously that main part EPE material does not take place deformation and thermal contraction.
Since the filament extrusion of the extrusion device (2) is continuously carried out, but the stay position of the extrusion head (58) on the front layer and the starting position of the rear layer can be different when printing layers are changed, in order to prevent the extruded materials from influencing the printing in the process, the system sets that every printing in the XY direction starts from the same position, and simultaneously, in order to prevent the extruded EPE filaments from influencing the printing quality, the heating cutting device (60) cuts and removes the EPE filaments before the printing is started from the new position every time.
The cleaning process is as follows: the system controls a servo motor device (59) arranged at the end part of an extrusion sleeve (52) to work, a motor C (72) drives a cam A (73) and a cam B (74) to work, the main shaft of the motor C (72) rotates, the cam A (73) with a groove-shaped structure drives a cam ejector rod (79) arranged on a fixed plate (78) to move up and down once, and when the cam ejector rod (79) moves down, a supporting rod (82) and a cutting device (83) move down under the driving of a connecting rod (80), so that the cutting operation can be carried out; meanwhile, when the cutting device (83) moves to the bottommost part, the cam B (74) tensions the pull wire (84) to close the scissors structure of the cutting device (83), so that the cutting of the EPE yarns is completed; the motor C (72) continues to rotate, the cutting device (83) is reset under the action of the spring B (85), and the supporting rod (82) is reset under the action of the spring A (81). The entire severing process is completed before a new printing point begins.
In order to ensure that the EPE and the printing table top (40) have good adhesive property when the first layer is printed, a POE film is attached to the printing table top (40) before printing each time.
The above embodiments are only embodiments of the 3D printing method and apparatus for a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material in the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all changes in equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A3D printing device for a double-layer co-extrusion foaming material is characterized by mainly comprising a rack (1), an extrusion device (2), a workbench device (3) and a display control screen (17), wherein a charging barrel A (10), a foaming agent adding device (11), an anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) and a charging barrel B (13) are mounted at the top of the rack (1); the extrusion device (2) is vertically installed and is fixed with a lifting arm (20), a screw rod (16), a motor A (15) and a cantilever (21) on a cross beam of the frame (1) through a lifting guide rod (53) on the extrusion device, and the joint of the lifting arm (20) and the screw rod (16) is in threaded fit; the charging barrel A (10) is connected with an inlet B (57) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe C (19), the charging barrel B (13) is connected with a main feeding hole (54) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe D (22), the foaming agent adding device (11) is connected with a gas inlet (56) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe B (18), and the anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) is connected with an inlet A (55) on the extrusion device (2) through a pipe A (14); during printing, the extrusion device (2) moves in the Z direction, and the workbench device (3) realizes the X and Y directions of the printing table;
the extruding device (2) mainly comprises an extruding motor (51), an extruding sleeve (52), a lifting guide rod (53), a main feeding hole (54), an inlet A (55), an air inlet (56), an inlet B (57), an extruding head (58), a servo motor device (59) and a heating and cutting device (60), wherein the extruding motor (51) drives a screw rod of the extruding device (2) to rotate, the extruding sleeve (52) realizes segmented heating and cooling of materials, and the lifting guide rod (53) is used for installing the extruding device (2) on the rack (1); the main feed inlet (54) is a feed inlet of polyethylene granules; the inlet A (55) is a monoglyceride liquid inlet; a gas inlet (56) for a blowing gas butane inlet; the inlet B (57) is a surface material inlet; a funnel-shaped configuration of the extrusion head (58); the servo motor device (59) controls the movement of the heating cutting device (60);
The filamentous material leaves an extrusion head (58), namely, the material is cooled and set, a heating and cutting device (60) is arranged at the end part of an extrusion device (2), two heating plates (77) opposite to the moving direction of the material are controlled by a system to carry out infrared heating on the material according to the moving direction of a printing table top (40) in the X direction and the Y direction, the heating temperature is higher than the melting point temperature of the surface material of the printing silk, the surface material is ensured to be molten and adhered with each other, and meanwhile, the main material of the printing silk is ensured not to deform and shrink thermally;
the servo motor device (59) is arranged at the end part of the extrusion sleeve (52), the servo motor device (59) comprises a motor frame (71), a motor C (72), a cam A (73) and a cam B (74), wherein the motor frame (71) is directly fixed on the extrusion sleeve (52), the motor C (72) is arranged in the motor frame (71), the cam A (73) and the cam B (74) are arranged on an extending shaft of the motor C (72), the cam A (73) is of a groove-shaped structure, and the cam B (74) is of a disc-shaped structure;
device (60) are decided in heating install in extruding sleeve (52) tip platform portion, device (60) are decided in heating include ring (75), link (76), hot plate (77), fixed plate (78), cam ejector pin (79), connecting rod (80), spring A (81), bracing piece (82), decide device (83), act as go-between (84), spring B (85) and thin wall pipe (86), wherein: the circular ring (75), the four pairs of connecting frames (76) and the heating plate (77) are fixed on the thin-wall circular tube (86) to form a heating part; the cutting device is formed by a fixing plate (78), a cam ejector rod (79), a connecting rod (80), a spring A (81), a supporting rod (82), a cutting device (83), a pull wire (84) and a spring B (85), and the whole cutting device is fixed on a thin-wall circular tube (86); when in assembly, the fixing plate (78) is fixed on the thin-wall circular tube (86), and then the cutting device (83) with the spring B (85) is fixed through the supporting rod (82), the supporting rod (82) is of a lifting structure, the upper part of the supporting rod is provided with the spring A (81), and the supporting rod can be automatically reset by the spring when in a non-descending state; the cam mandril (79) passes through the fixing plate (78) for positioning, and the upper part of the cam mandril is matched with the groove part of the cam A (73); the pull wire (84) penetrates through the guide hole of the fixing plate (78), one end of the pull wire is connected to the cutting device (83), and the other end of the pull wire is connected to the cam B (74); a heating cutting device (60) is fixed to the end of the extrusion sleeve (52) by a thin circular tube (86).
2. The 3D printing device for the double-layer co-extrusion foaming material according to claim 1, wherein the workbench device (3) consists of a guide rod A (33), a synchronous belt (34), a buckle sliding connector (35), a slide rod A (36), a motor B (37), a sliding fixing device A (38), a sliding fixing device B (39), a printing table top (40), a slide rod B (41), a guide rod B (42) and a synchronous belt wheel (43), and is arranged on a vertical column (31) and a horizontal rod (32) of the frame (1); firstly, a sliding fixing device A (38) and a sliding fixing device B (39) are respectively arranged on a sliding rod A (36) and a sliding rod B (41), the sliding state is realized between the sliding fixing device A and the sliding rod B, and a printing table top (40) is fixed on the sliding fixing device A (38) and the sliding fixing device B (39); then, the buckle sliding connecting piece (35) is respectively arranged on the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42), the buckle sliding connecting piece (35) is in sliding fit with the guide rod A (33) and the guide rod B (42), and then the two pairs of guide rods A (33) and the guide rod B (42) are fixed on the inner side surface of the upright post (31) by utilizing the upright post support; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: a motor B (37) and a synchronous belt wheel (43) are arranged on the inner side of the upright post (31), a synchronous belt (34) is respectively matched with the motor B (37) and the synchronous belt wheel (43) and is fixed with a buckle sliding connecting piece (35), the synchronous belt is respectively arranged in four directions of the frame, and the moving directions of the belts in two directions parallel to each other are the same.
3. The 3D printing device for the double-layer co-extrusion foaming material according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion device (2) is used for respectively adding the surface material, the foaming agent, the anti-shrinking agent and the main material through a cylinder A (10), a foaming agent adding device (11), an anti-shrinking agent adding device (12) and a cylinder B (13), the power supply of the device is turned on to preheat the extrusion device (2), the printed layered file is guided into the device through a display control screen (17) before the preheating is carried out to the processing temperature of the main material, and an extrusion head (58) of the extrusion device (2) extrudes the filamentous material.
4. The 3D printing method of the 3D printing device of the double-layer co-extrusion foaming material according to claim 1, wherein a co-extrusion process is adopted to extrude the filamentous foaming material, the main material is extruded and foamed, the melting point is higher, and the non-foamed melting point of the surface material is lower; the extruded filamentous foaming materials are arranged according to the height of the extrusion head and the moving sequence of the printing platform, the infrared heating device at the head of the extrusion device directionally heats and welds the extruded filamentous materials and the printed structures at the contact parts of the extruded filamentous materials, the heating temperature of the heating device is lower than the melting point of the main body material but slightly higher than the melting point of the surface material, and the filamentous foaming materials contacted at the directional irradiation position are guaranteed to be mutually welded through the surface material.
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| CN109456565A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-03-12 | 苏州巴夏科技发展有限公司 | A kind of intelligent macromolecule material, preparation method and its utilize method |
| CN109094016B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2024-02-02 | 陕西斐帛科技发展有限公司 | Fiber shearing method and device for 3D printing of continuous fiber reinforced composite material |
| CN110193230A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-09-03 | 厦门建霖健康家居股份有限公司 | Pressure-vessel of crack resistence and preparation method thereof |
| EP3792039A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-17 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Dispensing head for continuous fiber reinforced fused filament type additive manufacturing |
| EP3792040A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-17 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Dispensing head for fused filament type additive manufacturing |
| JP2023520670A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-05-18 | ゼフィロス インコーポレイテッド | Expandable continuous filament |
| CN113292292B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-05-17 | 北京三帝科技股份有限公司 | Composite wave-absorbing material based on 3D printing and application thereof |
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| CN106626369B (en) * | 2017-02-19 | 2019-10-08 | 荆门米丰信息科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional printer and its forming method with backing material molding function |
| CN207140349U (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-03-27 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing device of double-layer coextrusion expanded material |
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Effective date of registration: 20230410 Address after: 362000 No.17 Wubao Industrial Zone, Hongshan Town, Shishi City, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province Patentee after: Fujian Xingxun New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 53, Zhengzhou Road, North District, Qingdao, Shandong Patentee before: QINGDAO University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |