CN106626369B - Three-dimensional printer and its forming method with backing material molding function - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensional printers with backing material molding function comprising print head assembly, print platform and controller, print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform along three-dimensional；Controller is electrically connected with print head assembly and print platform respectively；Print head assembly includes melter, printed material melted in melter after according on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform；First power unit is mounted with foaming agent, and the first power unit is supplied to foaming agent in melter and printed material mixed melting.When printing support portion, foaming agent is added in melter, after foaming agent and printed material mixed melting the volume of printed material is expanded, the melted material layer by layer deposition of expansion forms support portion on print platform, the density of support portion accordingly reduces, the weight of the backing material used is accordingly reduced, to realize the purpose for reducing cost.

Description

Three-dimensional printer and its forming method with backing material molding function

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of three-dimensional printers, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function And its forming method.

Background technique

3 D-printing, also referred to as increasing material manufacturing or lamination moulding are the processes that physical object is processed using mathematical model, In process, print object is built and successively dosing material.

The type that the method for three-dimensional fast shaping mainly includes are as follows: stereolithography or photocuring (Stereolithography, SLA), layer separated growth (Laminated object manufacturing, LOM), choosing Selecting property laser melts (Selective laser Melting, SLM), fused glass pellet (Fused deposition modeling, FDM)。

Currently, the three-dimensional (3D) of FDM type prints most commonly seen, the production of such three-dimensional printer on the market Cost is relatively low, and the operation printed is more convenient, and beginner is easily mastered.Its cardinal principle is that linear silk material such as PLA is (poly- Lactic acid) etc. melted by high temperature nozzle, it is then continuously extruded using subsequent wire rod, the material of molten is passed through into jet expansion Squeeze out, then molten material layers accumulation generate three-dimension object, such as application No. is CN201410827191.9, FDM type is described in the Chinese invention patent application file of CN201510054483.8 and CN201510313735.4 Three-dimensional printer and its working principle.

However, existing three-dimensional printer is when printing hanging object, there are many problems, or even can not print hanging object Body.For example, as shown in Figure 1, being a kind of existing three-dimension object with suspending part, which includes main part 10 and hang Empty portion 11, suspending part 11 are limited to gravity factor, just cannot achieve this in 3 D-printing since bottom surface does not have other supports The molding of suspending part 11.When needing to print this three-dimension object with suspending part 11 with three-dimensional printer.As shown in Fig. 2, Three-dimensional printer generally prints main part 10 first, then, prints support portion 12, can just continue in support portion 12 in this way On print suspending part 11.However, this printing type needs to consume excessive backing material, this will result in the wave of resource Take, especially when printing large-sized object, such as when printing desk, building model or material object, the consumption of backing material is non- It is often huge, the serious manufacturing cost for increasing three-dimension object.

Summary of the invention

The main object of the present invention is to provide in a kind of solution three-dimension object print procedure that backing material consumption is excessive to ask Topic.

In order to complete above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides it is a kind of with backing material molding function three-dimensional printer, Including print head assembly, print platform and controller, print head assembly can independently be moved relative to print platform along three-dimensional It is dynamic；Controller is electrically connected with print head assembly and print platform respectively；Print head assembly includes melter, and printed material is melting According on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform after indoor melting；First power unit is mounted with foaming agent, the first power Unit is supplied to foaming agent in melter and printed material mixed melting.

By above scheme as it can be seen that foaming agent is added in melter when printing support portion, foaming agent and printing Expand the volume of printed material, the melted material layer by layer deposition of expansion shape on print platform At support portion, the density of support portion is accordingly reduced, and the weight of the backing material used is accordingly reduced, so that realizing reduces cost Purpose.Especially for large-sized object, such as the molding of human body, building model or material object, the cost savings of backing material are very Significantly.

One Preferable scheme is that, type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of ABS or PP tri- Dimension molding silk；First power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, spiral powder feeding rod is arranged in cavity, spiral is sent Powder rod motor driven drives spiral powder feeding rod that foaming agent is brought into melter under the work of motor, motor and control Device is electrically connected.A powder input port is arranged in the upstream end of cavity.

By above scheme as it can be seen that only one print head of print head assembly, the print head can simultaneously as main part or The printing of support portion.When type body portion, the first power unit does not work, and foaming agent does not enter in melter.When beating When printing support portion, the first power unit is added to foaming agent in melter, after foaming agent and printed material mixed melting Backing material is formed, backing material layer by layer deposition forms support portion on print platform.

One Preferable scheme is that, print head assembly include the first print head and the second print head: the first print head load There is type body material, the first print head can be independently moved with respect to print platform along three-dimensional；Second print head includes molten Melt room, melter has first through hole and the second through-hole, and printing backing material enters in melter along first through hole, the first power Foaming agent is delivered to melter along the second through-hole by unit.

By above scheme as it can be seen that when needing to print support portion, the second print head preparation work, foaming agent and printing Volume expands after backing material mixed melting, and the second print head is printing the backing material layer by layer deposition after volume expansion On platform.

Further preferred scheme is that type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of ABS or PP Three-dimensionally shaped silk, printing backing material be the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of ABS or PP three-dimensional at Type dusty material；The position of second through-hole is provided with solenoid valve, the first power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and electricity Machine, cavity is interior to be arranged spiral powder feeding rod, and spiral powder feeding rod motor driven drives spiral powder feeding rod hair under the work of motor Infusion is brought into melter, and motor, solenoid valve are electrically connected with controller.

By above scheme as it can be seen that the backing material of pulverulence and the mixed process of foaming agent are more rapid, uniform, mixing Effect is more preferable, and working efficiency improves.

One Preferable scheme is that, one blowning installation is set in the position of the second through-hole, blowning installation is equal foaming agent It is even to dispel in melter.

The present invention also provides a kind of forming method of three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function, 3 D-printings Machine includes print head assembly, print platform and controller, print head assembly can relative to print platform along three-dimensional independently It is mobile；Controller is electrically connected with print head assembly and print platform respectively；Print head assembly includes melter, and printed material is molten Melt after indoor melting according on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform；First power unit is mounted with foaming agent, and first is dynamic Power unit is supplied to foaming agent in melter and printed material mixed melting；

The forming method includes the steps that following: firstly, executing preliminary step, three-dimensional printer being kept to be in work shape State；Then, the forming step of three-dimension object main part is executed, layer by layer deposition is printing after print head assembly melts printed material The main part of three-dimension object is formed on platform；Then, controller judgment step is executed, when controller is judged to need to print three-dimensional When the support portion of object, starting the first power unit work；Then, support portion printing step, the first power unit are executed Work, motor, which drives to bring in melter foaming agent into after screw rod rotation, forms backing material with printed material mixed melting, Printed material volume after foaming agent is added expands；Print head assembly arrives the backing material layer by layer deposition of mixed melting Support portion is formed on print platform；Then, forming step, the controller judgment step of above-mentioned three-dimension object main part are alternately performed With the printing step of backing material, until completing the molding of entire three-dimension object.

One Preferable scheme is that, support portion printing step includes initial stage and later stage, in the early stage the stage, foaming Agent is added with the rate of first flow to melter, and during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added with the rate of second flow to melting Interior, first flow are greater than second flow；Meanwhile the density of the backing material of stage formation in the early stage is lower than shape during the late stages of developmet At backing material density.

One Preferable scheme is that, support portion printing step includes initial stage, mid-term stage and later stage, in the early stage Stage, foaming agent are added with the rate of first flow to melter, and in mid-term stage, foaming agent is added with the rate of second flow Enter to melter, during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added with the rate of third flow to melter；First flow is greater than second Flow, second flow are greater than third flow, and third flow is zero；The density for the backing material that the stage is formed in the early stage is first close Degree is the second density in the density for the backing material that mid-term stage is formed, and the density of the backing material formed during the late stages of developmet is Third density；First density is lower than the second density, and the second density is lower than third density, the main part of third density and three-dimension object Density is identical.

One Preferable scheme is that, type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of ABS or PP tri- Dimension molding silk；First power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, spiral powder feeding rod is arranged in cavity, spiral is sent Powder rod motor driven drives spiral powder feeding rod that foaming agent is brought into melter under the work of motor, motor and control Device is electrically connected.

One Preferable scheme is that, print head assembly include the first print head and the second print head: the first print head load There is type body material, the first print head can be independently moved with respect to print platform along three-dimensional；Second print head includes molten Melt room, melter has first through hole and the second through-hole, and printing backing material enters in melter along first through hole, the first power Foaming agent is delivered to melter along the second through-hole by unit.Type body material be the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or ABS three-dimensional at Type silk or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PP, printing backing material are the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of ABS Or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PP；The position of second through-hole is provided with solenoid valve, the first power unit includes that cavity, spiral are sent Powder rod and motor, cavity is interior to be arranged spiral powder feeding rod, and spiral powder feeding rod motor driven drives spiral to send under the work of motor Powder rod is brought foaming agent in melter into, and motor, solenoid valve are electrically connected with controller.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic cross-section of existing three-dimension object.

Fig. 2 is a kind of existing three-dimension object printed by three-dimensional printer and have support portion.

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function of the invention.

Fig. 4 is the print head assembly of the first embodiment of the three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function of the invention Schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function of the invention.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is that on the print platform of three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment of the invention there is print state when main part to show It is intended to；

Print state schematic diagram when Fig. 8 is three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment preparation printing backing material of the invention；

Fig. 9 is the print state schematic diagram of three-dimensional printer 3rd embodiment printing support portion and suspending part of the invention.

Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the 5th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention.

Figure 11 is print head, the first supply unit, the second supply unit of the 5th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention Structural schematic diagram.

Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the print head of the 5th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention.

Figure 13 is the theory three-dimensional object of preparation printing in the memory module of the 5th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention Structural schematic diagram.

Figure 14 is the theory three-dimensional object of preparation printing in the memory module of the 5th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention Middle section structural schematic diagram.

Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of the 8th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention.

Figure 16 is the connection schematic diagram between the members of the 8th embodiment of three-dimensional printer of the invention.

Specific embodiment

First embodiment

As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment provides a kind of three-dimensional printers with backing material molding function comprising printing Head assembly 30, print platform 13, controller 20 and the first power unit 40.

Print head assembly 30 is respectively relative to print platform 10 and independently moves along three-dimensional.Controller 20 respectively with beat It prints head assembly 30 and print platform 13 is electrically connected.In a kind of driving method, 20 driving motor powered rotation of controller, electricity Machine drives the movement of print platform 13 or print head assembly 30 by transmission parts.First power unit 40 is mounted with foaming agent, First power unit 40 is supplied to foaming agent in melter 33 and printed material mixed melting.

As shown in figure 4, print head assembly 30 includes melter 33, printing silk 38 is by driving wheel 39 and support wheel 41 Cooperation provides power, and printing silk 38 can progress into melter 33.After printing silk 38 melts in melter 33 According on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform 13.

Type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PP.It is preferred that Ground, the first power unit 40 include cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, spiral powder feeding rod are arranged in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod is used Motor driven drives spiral powder feeding rod that foaming agent is brought into melter under the work of motor, 20 electricity of motor and controller Property connection.

When printing support portion 12, the first power unit 40 is added to foaming agent in melter 33, foaming agent with After printing 38 mixed melting of silk the volume of printed material is expanded, the melting printed material layer by layer deposition of expansion is being beaten It prints and forms support portion 12 on platform 13, density of the density lower than untreated printing silk 38 of support portion 12, the branch used The weight of timbering material is accordingly reduced, to realize the purpose for reducing cost.Especially in large-sized object, such as manikin, The molding of building model, the cost savings highly significant of backing material.The print head assembly 30 of the present embodiment only one beat Head is printed, which can be used as the printing of main part 10, support portion 12 and suspending part 11, when type body portion 10, First power unit 40 is idle, that is, foaming agent do not enter in melter 33.When printing support portion 12, the One power unit 40 is added to foaming agent in melter 33, forms fid after foaming agent and printing 38 mixed melting of silk Material, backing material layer by layer deposition form support portion 12 on print platform 13.

The forming method of the three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function of the present embodiment includes the steps that following.

Firstly, executing preliminary step, keep three-dimensional printer in running order.

Then, execute three-dimension object main part 10 forming step, print head assembly 30 printing silk 38 melt after by Layer is deposited on the main part 10 that three-dimension object is formed on print platform 13.

Then, execute controller judgment step, when controller judge to need to print the support portion 12 of three-dimension object when It waits, starting the first power unit 40 work.

Then, the printing step of support portion 12, the work of the first power unit 40 are executed, motor drives a hair after screw rod rotation Infusion is brought into in melter 33 and forms backing material with printing 38 mixed melting of silk, and printed material is after being added foaming agent Volume expands.Print head assembly 30 is forming support portion on the backing material layer by layer deposition to print platform 13 of mixed melting 12。

Finally, printing forms suspending part 11 on support portion 12 after completing the printing step of support portion 12, complete entire The molding of three-dimension object.

Second embodiment

The three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function of the present embodiment is identical with the first embodiment, below only just not Description is made with place.As shown in figure 5, print head assembly includes the first print head 31 and the second print head 32.First print head Type body material is mounted in 31, the first print head 31 can be independently moved with respect to print platform 13 along three-dimensional.Second Print head 32 includes melter 33, and melter 33 has first through hole and the second through-hole, and printing backing material is (molten along first through hole Melt the side or top surface of room) enter in melter 33, foaming agent is delivered to melter along the second through-hole by the first power unit 33。

The printing step of first print head 31 completion main part 10 and suspending part 11.When type body portion 10, the The step of two print heads 32 have completed foaming agent and printed the mixed melting of silk, volume expands.Second print head 32 Backing material layer by layer deposition after volume expansion is formed support portion on print platform 13 by preparation work, the second print head 32 12, this mode saves the time compared to first embodiment.Type body material be the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or ABS three-dimensional at Type silk or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PP, printing backing material are the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of ABS Or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PP.

A print head compared to the first embodiment, the technical solution of two print heads of the present embodiment can be mentioned significantly High working efficiency, in the first embodiment, a print head need after the printing step for completing main part 10 in melter 33 The printing step of support portion 12 can just be continued after interior mixing addition foaming agent, it is clear that the working efficiency of this mode is slower.Phase Than for, after first print head 31 of the present embodiment completes the print job of main part 10, the second print head 32 can be pre- The mixed melting step for first completing foaming agent and printed material, to be obviously improved working efficiency.

It is a in other embodiments, the position of the second through-hole is provided with solenoid valve.First power unit includes cavity, spiral shell Powder feeding rod and motor are revolved, spiral powder feeding rod is set in cavity, spiral powder feeding rod motor driven drives spiral shell under the work of motor Rotation powder feeding rod is brought foaming agent in melter 33 into, and motor, solenoid valve are electrically connected with controller.When in this way, The backing material and foaming agent mixed process of dusty material are more rapid, uniform, and mixed effect is more preferable, and working efficiency improves.? In preferred scheme, one blowning installation is set in the position of the second through-hole, blowning installation uniformly dispels foaming agent molten Melt in room 33.

In some preferred embodiments, the printing step of support portion 12 includes initial stage and later stage.In the early stage Stage, foaming agent are added with the rate of first flow to melter, and during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added with the rate of second flow Enter to melter, first flow is greater than second flow.Therefore, the density for the backing material that the stage is formed in the early stage is lower than rear The density for the backing material that stage phase is formed, results in the different support portion 12 of the density of different location.

In some preferred embodiments, support portion printing step includes initial stage, mid-term stage and later stage.? Initial stage, foaming agent are added with the rate of first flow to melter, and in mid-term stage, foaming agent is with the speed of second flow Rate is added to melter, and during the late stages of developmet, foaming agent is added with the rate of third flow to melter；First flow is greater than Second flow, second flow are greater than third flow, and third flow is zero.The density for the backing material that the stage is formed in the early stage is the One density, mid-term stage formed backing material density be the second density, the backing material formed during the late stages of developmet it is close Degree is third density；First density is lower than the second density, and the second density is lower than third density, the master of third density and three-dimension object Body portion density is identical.The density of support portion 12 successively includes the first density support portion, the second density support portion from bottom to top as a result, With third density support portion, third density support portion is identical as original print silk density, and such mode facilitates suspending part 11 bottom surface is molded on third density support portion 12.

3rd embodiment

The present embodiment has made further improvement on the basis of the three-dimensional printer of first embodiment.As shown in fig. 6, For the three-dimensional printer provided in this embodiment with backing material print head, which includes print head assembly and beats Print platform 120.

Print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform 120 along three-dimensional.Controller 130 respectively with printing Head assembly and print platform 120 are directly or indirectly electrically connected, and controller can be a single-chip microcontroller or chip processor or electricity Brain or PLC(programmable logic controller (PLC)) program.Print head assembly includes the first print head 141, the second print head 142 and third Print head 143.First print head 141 is mounted with type body material, and the first print head 141 can be with respect to print platform 120 along three It ties up directionally independently mobile.Second print head 142 is mounted with printing backing material, and the second print head 142 can be with respect to print platform 120 independently move along three-dimensional.

First print head 141 and the second print head 142 can take the mode of linear silk fusion sediment to be printed, silk The molding process of transmission, melting extrusion of shape material uses the print head of existing three-dimensional printer.For example, the first print head 141 and second print head 142 can have the transmission of the silks such as PLA, ABS, melting, printing function using U.S. MakerBot company The print head of energy.Type body material and printing backing material can select the existing filamentary material for 3 D-printing, example Such as PLA(polylactic acid), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), PVC(polyvinyl chloride), PC(polycarbonate).

Binder is mounted in third print head 143, third print head 143 can be a spray gun, and spray gun is binder It is sprayed in support plate 150.Third print head 143 can also be that an application device, application device can be in controllers 130 Certain thickness binder is smeared under control in support plate 150, the effect of binder is the bottom surface of support portion to adhere to , in this way can be mobile to avoid the position of support portion securely in support plate 150, in case of position movement, it will cause printed matters The deviation of body.Binder for example can choose following substance: cyanoacrylates, thixotropy (pseudoplastic behavior) cyanoacrylate Acid esters binder, the thixotropy a- cyanoacrylates of stable storing, fast the solidification agent of cyanoacrylate ester knot, cyano The priming paint of acrylate adhesives, anaerobic curable adhesive, high-intensitive stable storing anaerobic adhesive, industrial glue Water, medical glue etc..

Support plate component has the mobile mechanism to link together and support plate 150, and mobile mechanism drives 150 phase of support plate Print platform 120 is moved on three-dimensional.The edge part of support plate 150 is flexible edge part, and flexible edge part is for example For silica gel, when support plate 150 moves close to main part 10, flexible edge part can play certain buffer function, keep away Exempt from that its surface is caused to damage after hardness strikes main part 10, or hardness shock causes the position of main part 10 to be moved It is dynamic, and deviation caused by this position is mobile will lead to the accuracy decline of three-dimension object.Flexible edge part be also provided with away from From sensor, range sensor for example can be infrared sensor or the range sensor based on other principles, when sensor sense The distance apart from main part 10 should be arrived less than after certain distance, controller 130 controls and reduces the mobile speed of mobile support plate 150 Rate, range sensor can be a touching switch.Range sensor, the first print head 141, the second print head 142, third are beaten It prints head 143, print platform 120, support plate 150 to be directly or indirectly electrically connected with controller 130, controller 130 is thus Control their work.Such as in a kind of mode, controller 130 controls the rotation of motor, and motor is realized by transmission parts Mobile control to the first print head 141, the second print head 142, third print head 143, print platform 120, support plate 150.

The forming method of the three-dimensional printer with backing material print head of the present embodiment includes the steps that following.

Firstly, executing preparation process, start the switch of three-dimensional printer, to the position of print head assembly and print platform 120 It sets and is calibrated, controller 130 obtains each layer data information of three-dimension object, and three-dimension object is three-dimension object as shown in Figure 2, The three-dimension object has main part 10, suspending part 11 and support portion 12, and suspending part 11 connects with support portion 12 and main part 10 respectively It connects.

Then, as shown in fig. 7, the printing step in executing subject portion 10, the first print head 141 are layer-by-layer type body material It is deposited on first height 121 of the print platform 120 on print platform 120, main part 10 is consequently formed, is executing this step When rapid, farther out, in other words, support plate 150 is not in print platform 120 for distance of the support plate 150 apart from print platform 120 In view field.

Then, as shown in figure 8, the step of executing mobile support plate 150, it is three-dimensional that controller 130 issues instruction preparation printing The support portion 12 of object.A part of the edge part of support plate 150 is mobile and touches to main part 10.Specifically, mobile mechanism Drive support plate 150 to the second height 122 of 120 top of print platform, support plate 150 is moved to first with first rate close The sensor sensing of the position of the vertical portion of main part 10, flexible edge part is less than setting to its distance apart from main part 10 After distance, controller 130 controls support plate 150 with the second rate slowly close to main part 10, until flexible edge part touches After support portion 10, support plate 150 then stops the movement in horizontal direction.Since flexible edge part has elasticity, can rise To good buffer function, flexible edge part preferably uses energy absorbing material or space wadding, and space wadding can be to greatest extent Support plate 150 is reduced to the percussion of main part 10.Second height 122 is in the lower section of the first height 121.

Then, as shown in figure 9, executing the printing step of support portion 12, the second print head 142 is layer-by-layer in support plate 150 Printing forms support portion 12.Since the position that support plate 150 can be moved to the second height 122 is used to undertake support portion 12, because The highly significant that this support portion 12 needs to print is less.The normal level that existing support portion 12 needs to print is the first height 121.Finally, executing the printing step of suspending part 11, successively printing forms suspending part to the first print head 141 on support portion 12 11.The printing of suspending part 11 can complete the printing of entire three-dimension object after finishing.

Fourth embodiment:

The present embodiment and above-mentioned 3rd embodiment are essentially identical, only provide be discussed in detail with regard to difference below.

The density of the support portion 12 of the present embodiment is lower than the density of main part 10, and the size of density can be according to specifically beating India side formula determines that print head squeezes out the Filamentous printed material of a melting, lateral filamentary material and longitudinal direction in support plate 150 Filamentary material overlapping intersects, and eventually forms the three-dimension object of a layer structure.Main part 10 generally requires the higher structure of density, And support portion 12 can print to form loose, density due to playing certain supporting role just for the sake of temporary Lower structure.After three-dimension object molding, then need to remove support portion 12.The density of main part 10 is close with suspending part 11 It spends identical.

The print head assembly of the present embodiment further includes third print head 143, is mounted with binder in third print head 143, Before executing support portion printing step, third print head 143 smears a layer binder in support plate 150, support portion 12 First layer (following bottom) is covered on the binder in support plate 150.Due to the present embodiment support portion 12 density compared with It is small and more loose, therefore the second print head 142 is when printing backing material in support plate 150, the bottom face of support portion 12 It is mobile that position easily occurs, after a layer binder is sprayed in support plate 150, binder can be played the bottom surface of support portion 12 To effect is adhered fixed, to avoid the unexpected position of support portion 12 mobile.

In other embodiments, support plate 150 is circular base slab, and circular base slab can rotate in a circumferential direction around its center of circle. First area, second area, third region can be marked off on circular base slab, wherein first area is in printing first Reserved area when three-dimension object as the portion that undertakes support undertakes support portion when second area is as second three-dimension object of printing Reserved area, reserved area of the third region when printing third three-dimension object as the portion that undertakes support.When printing is completed When first three-dimension object, remaining support portion or binder can interfere second three-dimensional on the first area on circular base slab The printing of object.Even if this blanketing still remains after removing support portion on the supporting plate, because in removal support portion When, the bottom surface of support portion is likely to residual solids in the upper surface of circular base slab, if directly replacing circular support Plate cleans it, then can reduce working efficiency.At this point, making after circular base slab rotates by a certain angle around its center of circle The projection for obtaining the suspending part of second three-dimension object can be just in second area, and second area is clean surface, therefore It can be used as the printing of support portion.After completing the printing of second three-dimension object, circular base slab is certain around the rotation of its center of circle After angle, so that the projection of the suspending part of the three-dimension object of third preparation printing is just in third region, due to third area Domain is clean surface, therefore can be used as the print area of the support portion of third three-dimension object, the support in third region After the completion of the printing in portion, then complete the print procedure of the suspending part of third three-dimension object.

5th embodiment

The 3 D-printing of the present embodiment has made further improvement on the basis of several embodiments above.Such as Figure 10 Shown, the three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes print head assembly, print platform 210 and controller 220.Print head assembly has Multiple print heads, the print head assembly of the present embodiment include the first print head 231, the second print head 232 and third print head 233.Print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform 210 along three-dimensional.Controller 220 is printed with first respectively First 231, second print head 232, third print head 233 and the electrical connection of 210 controlling of print platform.Such as in a kind of mode, Controller 220 controls the rotation of motor, and motor is by transmission parts realization to the first print head 231, the second print head 232, the The mobile control of three print heads 233, print platform 210.

It is mounted with a kind of printing silk of color in each print head, specifically, loads white in the first print head 231 Silk is printed, red printing silk is loaded in the second print head 232, loads blue line print silk in third print head 233.Printing Silk is PLA(polylactic acid) three-dimensionally shaped silk or ABS(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer) three-dimensionally shaped silk Material or PP(polypropylene) three-dimensionally shaped silk or PVC(polyvinyl chloride) three-dimensionally shaped silk or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of (PE) polyethylene Material.Printing silk is specifically also an option that other colors, such as yellow, green, grey.

As shown in figure 11, print head includes melter 234, is printed after silk 235 melts in melter 234 from nozzle 239 spray, and according on preset program layer by layer deposition to print platform 210.Printing silk 235 can lean on two delivery wheels mobile It prints in silk 235 to melter 234, two delivery wheels include a driving wheel 236 and a driven wheel 237, driving wheel 236 Rotation can be driven by a motor.The distal end of printing silk 235 is wrapped on silk disk, and silk disk is suspended on the machine of three-dimensional printer On frame.

As shown in figure 12, the first power unit includes the first cavity 241, the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 and first motor 243,241 the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 of interior setting of the first cavity, the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 is driven with first motor 243, Drive the first spiral powder feeding rod 242 that glass fibre 244 is brought into melter 234 under the work of first motor 243, the first electricity Machine 243 and controller 220 are electrically connected.Controller 220 controls the first spiral by controlling the revolving speed of first motor 243 The revolving speed of powder feeding roller 242, the final control realized to the first power unit powder supply rate.In other embodiments, the first cavity One the first electromagnetic valve is set at 241 first outlet 245, and the size of the first electromagnetic valve can be carried out according to uninterrupted The adjusting of powder supply rate also may be implemented in regulation, the first electromagnetic valve.First power unit is mounted with glass fibre 244, and first Power unit is supplied to glass fibre 244 in melter 234 and the printing mixed melting in melter 234 of silk 235.

The schematic structure of second power unit refers to the structure of above-mentioned first power unit, they are essentially identical.Second Power unit includes the second cavity, the second spiral powder feeding rod and the second motor, and the second spiral powder feeding rod is arranged in the second cavity, the The second motor driven of two spiral powder feeding rods, drives the second spiral powder feeding rod plastics softening agent band under the work of the second motor Enter to melter 234, the second motor and controller 220 are electrically connected.Controller 220 passes through the revolving speed of the second motor of control, And then the revolving speed of the second spiral powder feeding roller is controlled, the final control realized to the second power unit powder supply rate, in other implementations In example, a second solenoid valve door is set, and the size of second solenoid valve door can be according to flow at the second outlet of the second cavity Size is regulated and controled, and the adjusting of powder supply rate also may be implemented in second solenoid valve door.Second power unit is mounted with plastics softening Agent, the second power unit are supplied to plastics softening agent in melter 234 and printing 235 mixed melting of silk.Plastics softening agent Specifically can choose: PVC(polyvinyl chloride) softening agent, PE(polyethylene) softening agent or PP(polypropylene) softening agent or other right Answer the softening agent of printed material.

Glass fibre, plastics softening agent additive amount be adjusted according to specific needs.Generally percentage is arrived 5/1000ths One of, with specific reference to needing to add different amounts of plastics softening agent or glass fibre, to obtain the melting printing of different softness numberes Material finally obtains the three-dimension object of different softness numberes.

The forming method of the high-precision color three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment includes the steps that following.The present embodiment preparation is beaten Three-dimension object as shown in fig. 13 that is printed, in a storage module, which has the data information memory of the three-dimension object Lower portion 251, middle section 252 and upper portion 253, wherein lower portion 251 be white, middle section 252 be it is red, Upper portion 253 is grey.As shown in figure 14, middle section 252 specifically includes first part 254, second part 255 and third Part 256, wherein the hardness of first part 254 is identical as the printing hardness of silk 235, and the hardness of second part 255, which is greater than, beats The hardness of silk 235 is printed, the hardness of Part III 256 is less than the hardness of printing silk 235.

Firstly, executing preliminary step, keep three-dimensional printer in running order.

Then, printing silk color selecting step is executed, a kind of silk printing of color is selected, due to the three of preparation printing The lower portion 251 for tieing up object is white, therefore selects the color of the first printing silk for white first.Controller 220 is controlled The work of the first print head 231 is made, the first print head 231 is deposited on print platform 210 after driving the printing silk of white to melt Form lower portion 251.

Then, after lower portion 251 prints, start the print procedure for carrying out middle section 252, controller 220 It controls to be deposited on print platform 210 after the second print head 232 melts red silk in melter 234 and forms middle section 252。

Judgment step is executed, the sending of controller 220 judges signal, judges to execute printing first part 254 or second part 255 or Part III 256 order.When executing the order of printing first part 254, selected printing silk is in melter Formation first part 254 on print platform 210 is deposited in 234 after melting.When executing the order of printing second part 255, First supply unit is supplied to glass fibre 244 in the melter of second print head 232 and printing silk according to given pace Formation second part 255 on print platform 210 is deposited on after mixed melting.When executing the order of printing Part III 256, the Two supply units are added to plastics softening agent in the melter of the second print head 232 and printing silk melting according to given pace It is deposited on print platform 210 after mixing and forms Part III 256.Specifically, since first part 254 is in lower end, control Device 220 controls printing first part 254 first, then prints second part 255, finally prints Part III 256.When printing first When part 254, since the hardness that first part 254 needs is identical as the printing hardness of silk, therefore it may only be necessary to directly handle It is deposited on print platform 210 after red printing silk melting.After the completion of first part 254 prints, start carry out second The printing of part 255, the hardness of second part 255 are greater than the hardness of printing silk, and controller 220 issues signal, starting first Supply unit work, the first supply unit are supplied to glass fibre in melter 234 and printing according to the rate of first flow Silk mixed melting.The hardness of printing silk after mixed melting is greater than hardness of printing silk itself, after mixed melting Printed material layer by layer deposition forms second part 255 on print platform 210.Second part 255 print after the completion of, start into The printing of row Part III 256, the hardness of Part III 256 are less than the hardness of printing silk, and controller 220 issues signal, opens Dynamic second supply unit work, the second supply unit are supplied to plastics softening agent in melter 234 according to second flow rate With printing silk mixed melting.The hardness of printing silk after mixed melting is less than hardness of printing silk itself, and mixing is molten Printing silk layer by layer deposition after melting forms Part III 256 on print platform.

Finally, repeat above-mentioned silk color selecting step and interpretation step, until complete entire three-dimension object at Type forms high-precision 3 D color object.

By above scheme as it can be seen that single silk is according to specifically needing adjustable hardness, and then obtain in different location 3 D color object with different hardness.

Sixth embodiment

The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment and the 5th embodiment are essentially identical, are only described in detail below with regard to difference.

The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment further includes surface hardness sensor, and surface hardness sensor can be ultrasonic hardness Sensor or other existing sensors for being suitable for measuring surface of solids hardness.Surface hardness sensor is being beaten for detecting The hardness of the three-dimension object formed on print platform, surface hardness sensor are electrically connected with the controller.

Controller has comparison module and memory module.The hardness data that comparison module detects surface hardness sensor It is compared with the hardness data in memory module.After the forming step for completing first three-dimension object, it may be necessary to repeat The three-dimension object is printed, to form the three-dimension object of second, three or more duplicate printings.One three-dimension object of every completion Molding after, surface hardness sensor is to complete the detection to the hardness on the surface of the three-dimension object and obtain hardness data.

The present embodiment increases the function of hardness calibration by comparing the setting of module and memory module, specific real Now the step of calibration function is as follows.After the forming step for completing first three-dimension object, surface hardness sensor obtains the The first part of one three-dimension object, second part and Part III hardness data, comparison module the hardness data with deposit Hardness data in storage module, which is compared to each other and issues, sentences segment signal.Hardness data in memory module is theoretical hardness data, Since the structure of different printers is different, external environment such as temperature, humidity is also different, according to the theoretical hardness data-printing shape At three-dimension object actual hardness and theoretical hardness data can have deviation, also, this degree of deviation is possible to larger and super Cross certain range.By program setting, if hard in hardness data and memory module that surface hardness sensor detects Degree is according to there are deviations, and deviation is more than certain threshold value.Controller then accordingly adjusts the first supply unit and is added to print head The indoor glass fibre of melting rate, or adjust the second supply unit and be added to the speed for melting indoor plastics softening agent Rate.Specifically, when surface hardness sensor detects the hardness of the second part of three-dimension object less than theoretical hardness, When printing the same position of second three-dimension object, controller is then accordingly accelerated the first supply unit and is added to melting indoor glass The rate of glass fiber, after rate, which is added, in glass fibre improves, obtained three-dimensional after glass fibre and printing silk mixed melting The hardness of object increases therewith.For another example, when surface hardness sensor detects that the hardness of the Part III of three-dimension object is greater than When theoretical hardness, when printing the same position of second three-dimension object, controller then accordingly accelerates the second supply unit It is added to the rate for melting indoor plastics softening agent, after the addition rate of plastics softening agent improves, plastics softening agent and beats The hardness of the three-dimension object obtained after print silk mixed melting decreases.

7th embodiment

In the 5th embodiment, the first print head 231 is for printing lower portion 251, and the second print head 232 is for printing Middle section 252, third print head 233 is for printing upper portion 253.Second print head of the present embodiment includes that the first son is beaten Print head, the second child print head and third child print head.Wherein, the first child print head, the second child print head and third child print head Be to load red printing silk, the second print head dedicated for printing the red middle section of three-dimension object, the present embodiment Red middle section also includes first part, second part and Part III.First child print head is dedicated for printing first Point, when printing first part, then combined fiberglass and printing silk form beating for hardness reinforcement to the second child print head Material is printed, is finally deposited on print platform and forms second part；Meanwhile third child print head then mixed plastic softening agent and is beaten It prints silk and forms the printed material that hardness reduces.This printing type can be obviously improved the shaping efficiency of three-dimension object.

8th embodiment

The present embodiment on the basis of the above embodiments, has made further improvement.The three-dimensional printer of the present embodiment Including print head assembly and print platform, print head assembly can be independently moved relative to print platform along three-dimensional.Control Device is electrically connected with print head assembly and print platform respectively.

As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, print head assembly includes the first powder feeding part 310, the second powder feeding part 320 and third powder feeding Part 330.

First powder feeding part 310 has the first hollow cylinder 311, and the first spiral powder feeding rod is arranged in the first hollow cylinder 311 312, the upstream end of the first hollow cylinder 310 is provided with the first powder input port 313, the downstream setting of the first hollow cylinder 311 the One outlet 314.Word " upstream " refers to the front end of powder printed material direction of travel in the first hollow cylinder 311, word " under Trip " refers to the rear end of powder printed material direction of travel in the first hollow cylinder 311.Red powder printed material is loaded in In one hollow cylinder 311, the position of first outlet 314 is provided with first flow sensor and the first valve, first flow sensing Flow of the device for the red powder printed material of 314 position of real-time monitoring first outlet, and monitoring signals are transmitted in real time Controller 340.First flow sensor can use existing poweder flowmeter or powder flow meter.Red powder printed material It is entered in the first hollow cylinder 310 along the first powder input port 313, the first spiral powder feeding rod 312 drives red powder printed material The revolving speed for passing through the first spiral powder feeding rod 312 of adjusting to the position of the first outlet 314 of the first hollow cylinder 311, controller 340 Or first valve openings of sizes and mixed melting room 350 is entered to red powder printed material flow be adjusted. First valve is preferably the powder formula electromagnetic valve for controlling flow of powder.

The structure of second powder feeding part 320 and the structure of the first powder feeding part are essentially identical.Second powder feeding part 320 has in second Empty cylinder, the second hollow cylinder is interior to be arranged the second spiral powder feeding rod, and the upstream end of the second hollow cylinder is provided with the second powder input port, Second outlet is arranged in the downstream of second hollow cylinder.Green powder printed material in the second hollow cylinder, second outlet Position is provided with second flow sensor, and green powder of the second flow sensor for real-time monitoring second outlet position prints The flow of material, and monitoring signals are transmitted to controller in real time.Second flow sensor using existing poweder flowmeter or Powder flow meter.Green powder printed material enters to the second hollow cylinder along the second powder input port, and the second spiral powder feeding rod drives Green powder printed material to the second hollow cylinder second outlet, controller by adjust the second spiral powder feeding rod revolving speed with And second openings of sizes mixed melting room 350 is entered to green powder printed material the flow of valve be adjusted.

The structure of third powder feeding part 330 and the structure of the first powder feeding part are also essentially identical.Third powder feeding part 330 has third Hollow cylinder, third hollow cylinder is interior to be arranged third spiral powder feeding rod, and the upstream end of third hollow cylinder is provided with third and adds powder Mouthful, the downstream setting third of third hollow cylinder exports.Blue powder printed material is in third hollow cylinder, third outlet Position be provided with third flow sensor, blue powder of the third flow sensor for real-time monitoring third outlet port is beaten The flow of material is printed, and monitoring signals are transmitted to controller in real time.Third flow sensor uses existing poweder flowmeter Or powder flow meter.Blue powder printed material enters to third hollow cylinder, third spiral powder feeding rod band along third powder input port The third of dynamic blue powder printed material to third hollow cylinder exports, the revolving speed that controller passes through adjusting third spiral powder feeding rod And the flow that the openings of sizes of third valve enters mixed melting room 350 to blue powder printed material is adjusted.

Mixed melting room 350 has the first import 351, the second import 352, third import 353 and printing nozzle 354, the One outlet 314 is connected with the first import 351, and second outlet is connected with the second import 352, and third outlet and third import 353 connect It is logical.Be provided with agitating element 341 and heating element 342 in mixed melting room 350, agitating element 341 and heating element 342 with Controller 340 is electrically connected.Weight sensor 343 is provided on print platform 360, weight sensor 343 can be monitored in real time Weight data on print platform 360, and data-signal real-time Transmission to controller 340.Controller 340 is also respectively with One flow sensor 344, second flow sensor 345 and third flow sensor 346 are electrically connected.Controller 340 can as a result, It, can also be real to obtain the quality for the red powder printed material that the first powder feeding part 310 is added in mixed melting room 350 in real time When obtain the quality of the green powder printed material that the second powder feeding part 320 is added in mixed melting room 350, can also obtain in real time Obtain the quality that third powder feeding part 330 is added to the blue powder printed material in mixed melting room 350.

The forming method includes the steps that following.

Firstly, executing preparation process, start the switch of three-dimensional printer, to the position of print head assembly and print platform 360 It sets and is calibrated, controller 340 obtains each layer data information of three-dimension object, and each layer data information includes color data information, The melted material of the first color of three-dimensional printer preparation printing.Controller 340 includes a processor, and processor is by analysis And calculating, determine the weight proportion of the melted material of the first color are as follows: 10 mass parts of red powder printed material are added, are added 10 mass parts of blue powder printed material are added in 10 mass parts of green powder printed material.

Then, powder feeding step is executed, the first mass parts (10 mass are added to mixed melting room 350 in the first powder feeding part 310 Part) red powder printed material, 344 real-time monitoring red powder printed material of first flow sensor is added to mixed melting Weight in room 350, and information is transmitted to controller 340.When amount to 10 mass parts being added in mixed melting room 350, First powder feeding part 310 stops adding red powder printed material into mixed melting room 350.Second powder feeding part 320 is to mixing The green powder printed material of the second mass parts (10 mass parts), 345 real-time monitoring of second flow sensor is added in melter 350 Green powder printed material is added to the weight in mixed melting room 350, and information is transmitted to controller 340, mixed when being added When closing amount to 10 mass parts in melter 350, the control of controller 340 stops the second powder feeding part 320 into mixed melting room 350 Add green powder printed material.Third mass parts (10 mass parts) are added to mixed melting room 350 in third powder feeding part 330 Blue powder printed material, 346 real-time monitoring blue powder printed material of third flow sensor are added to mixed melting room 350 Interior weight, and information is transmitted to controller 340, when additional amount to 10 mass parts, the control of controller 340 stops to mixing Blue powder printed material is added in melter 350.It is passed by controller 340, first flow sensor 344, second flow The coordinated of sensor 345 and third flow sensor 346 realizes red powder printed material, green powder printed material It is added to the accurate control in mixed melting room 350 with blue powder printed material, it is possible thereby to realize high-precision three-dimensional object Molding.In a kind of alternative embodiment, first flow sensor 344, second flow sensor 345 and also can be omitted Three flow sensors 346, but the revolving speed of motor is controlled by controller 340, motor drives the first spiral powder feeding rod 312, the The rotation of two spiral powder feeding rods or third spiral powder feeding rod and the dusty material of firm discharge is delivered to mixed melting room 350 It is interior, meanwhile, it needs to record the time, the powder being added in mixed melting room 350 is obtained according to the relationship of time and flow and prints material The weight of material.Although the accuracy of this alternative is not so good as the mode of sensor, the mixed of different colours can also be obtained Close melted material.

Then, mixing and melting step, the green powder of the red powder printed materials of 10 mass parts, 10 mass parts are executed Printed material and the blue powder printed material of 10 mass parts be mixed in mixed melting room 50, melt after obtain the first The melted material of color, mixed process certain time such as 30 seconds or 1 minute melt certain time such as 45 seconds to uniform Or 2 minutes to uniform.

Then, the melted material of execution level printing step, the first color forms scheduled three-dimensional on print platform 360 Figure, weight sensor 343 obtain weight data information, monitor the three-dimensional article that 15 mass parts are increased on print platform 360 Body, the data information real-time Transmission to controller 340, controller 340 learn the melting in mixed melting room 350 after operation The total weight residue of material should be 15 mass parts, wherein red printed material, green printed material and blue line print material are total Quality in weight is respectively 5 mass parts.

Then, if 340 preparation of controller prints the melted material of second of color, the melted material of second of color Theoretical weight proportion are as follows: 8 mass parts of red powder printed material are added, 7 mass parts of green powder printed material are added, are added blue 6 mass parts of color powder printed material.By calculating it is found that executing color change step, color change step are as follows: control first is sent The red powder printed material of 3 mass parts is added into mixed melting room 350 for powder part 310, controls the second powder feeding part 320 to mixing The green powder printed material of 2 mass parts is added in melter 350, controls third powder feeding part 330 and adds into mixed melting room 350 Enter the blue powder printed material of 1 mass parts.Finally, obtaining the melting material of second of color after mixing and melting step Material.

Then, layer printing step and color change step are repeated, until completing the molding of three-dimension object.

In other embodiments, print head assembly further includes backing material print head, and backing material print head can be relative to Print platform is independently moved along three-dimensional.Three-dimensional printer further includes alarm device, and alarm device electrically connects with controller It connects；After the dusty material loaded in the first powder feeding part and/or the second powder feeding part and/or third powder feeding part is lower than setting value, control Device processed issues signal control alarm device and sounds an alarm.One or more color identification sensings are provided in mixed melting room 350 Device, Tansducer For Color Distiguishing and controller are electrically connected, and Tansducer For Color Distiguishing can be reinforced obtaining in mixed melting room 350 The color of mixed melting printed material be monitored and measure, when it detects that the color in mixed melting room 350 is missed After difference, detection signal is transmitted to by Tansducer For Color Distiguishing by controller 340,340 feedback control of controller adjusts first and send Powder part, the second powder feeding part and third powder feeding part are added to the amount of the dusty material in mixed melting room 350, are achieved in three kinds of face Proportion adjustment of the toner powder material in mixed melting room 350, the final adjusting realized to mixed melting indoor color, thus To a kind of higher three-dimension object of color accuracy.Tansducer For Color Distiguishing is preferably disposed on the nozzle location of mixed melting room.? An air blower is arranged in upper lateral part in mixed melting room 350, and the control switch of air blower is electrically connected with controller 340, air blast Machine can preferably provide the air-flow of duration rotation, and the air-flow of rotation drives red powder printed material, green powder to print material Material and the premixing of blue powder printed material.Negative pressure device can also be set in mixed melting room 350, and negative pressure device is mentioned to interior For negative pressure gas flow, negative pressure gas flow especially needs to provide in the position of the first import 351, the second import 352 and third import 353, It is fast along the first import 351, the second import 352 and third import 353 that the setting of negative pressure gas flow facilitates different dusty materials Speed fully enters into mixed melting room 350.In order to enable the mixed melting material that mixed melting room 350 obtains is easier It is sprayed from printing nozzle 354, a screw rod can be set in mixed melting room 350, can be added after electric motor driven screw rotation Fast mixed melting material is sprayed by printing nozzle 354.The aperture position of printing nozzle 354 is provided with electromagnetic valve, electromagnetic valve It is electrically connected with controller 340, when the dusty material of the various colors in mixed melting room 350 is when mixed melting, electricity Magnet valve door is in closed state, until Tansducer For Color Distiguishing detects that the color of the melted material in mixed melting room 350 reaches To theory demands color when, the electromagnetic valve of 340 open printing nozzle of controller, 354 position.

First flow sensor, second flow sensor, third flow sensor, Tansducer For Color Distiguishing, weight sensing Device can directly or indirectly be connect with controller.Connection type can be wired connection or wireless connection, be wirelessly connected for example For WiFi connection, bluetooth connection etc..Sensor may include a sending signal antenna, and supplying cell, controller includes one Receive signal antenna, supplying cell.Controller includes that perhaps chip processor or controller are exactly a PLC program One computer or mobile phone, staff can realize the control to three-dimensional printer by the computer or mobile phone.

According to the principle that color matches, the rear available face specifically needed is adjusted to the weight ratio of three-primary colours Color.Specifically, the flow of the powder printed material of three kinds of colors can be adjusted according to specific needs, to be needed The printed material of different colours after the mixed melting wanted.

Claims (3)

1. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer with backing material molding function, three-dimensional printer include:

Print head assembly；

Print platform, the print head assembly can be independently moved relative to the print platform along three-dimensional；

Controller is electrically connected with the print head assembly and the print platform respectively；

It is characterized in that,

The print head assembly includes melter, printed material melted in the melter after according to preset program layer by layer deposition Onto the print platform；

First power unit, is mounted with foaming agent, and first power unit is supplied to the foaming agent in the melter With the printed material mixed melting；

Binder is mounted in third print head, third print head is used for binder spraying on the supporting plate；

Three-dimensional printer includes support plate component, and support plate component has the mobile mechanism to link together and support plate, mobile Mechanism drives support plate to move on three-dimensional relative to print platform；The edge part of support plate is flexible edge part；It is flexible Edge part is additionally provided with range sensor；Support plate is circular base slab, and circular base slab can rotate in a circumferential direction around its center of circle；? First area, second area, third region are marked off on circular base slab, wherein first area is printing first three-dimensional article Reserved area when body as the portion that undertakes support undertakes support the dedicated of portion when second area is as second three-dimension object of printing Region, reserved area of the third region when printing third three-dimension object as the portion that undertakes support；

The forming method includes the steps that following:

Firstly, executing preliminary step, keep three-dimensional printer in running order；

Then, the forming step of three-dimension object main part, layer by layer deposition after the print head assembly melts printed material are executed The main part of three-dimension object is formed on the print platform；

Then, controller judgment step is executed, when the controller is judged to need to print the support portion of three-dimension object, Start the work of the first power unit；

Then, support portion printing step, the first power unit work, foaming agent band after motor drive screw rod rotation are executed Enter to forming backing material in the melter with the printed material mixed melting, the printed material be added foaming agent it Volume expands afterwards；The print head assembly is on the backing material layer by layer deposition to the print platform of mixed melting Form the support portion；

Then, it is alternately performed the printing of the forming step, controller judgment step and backing material of above-mentioned three-dimension object main part Step, until completing the molding of entire three-dimension object；

The support portion printing step includes initial stage, mid-term stage and later stage, in the initial stage, the foaming Agent is added with the rate of first flow to the melter, and in the mid-term stage, the foaming agent is with the speed of second flow Rate is added to the melter, and in the later stage, the foaming agent is added with the rate of third flow to the melting It is indoor；The first flow is greater than the second flow, and the second flow is greater than the third flow, and the third flow is Zero；

It is the first density in the density for the backing material that the initial stage is formed, in the backing material that the mid-term stage is formed Density be the second density, the later stage formed backing material density be third density；First density is low In second density, second density is lower than the third density, the main body of the third density and the three-dimension object Portion's density is identical；

Wherein, in the printing step in executing subject portion, the first print head is type body material layer by layer deposition on print platform The first height on to print platform, is consequently formed main part, when executing the step, support plate is apart from print platform Farther out, support plate is not in the view field of print platform in other words for distance；Then, the step of executing mobile support plate, control Device issues the support portion of instruction preparation printing three-dimension object, and a part of the edge part of support plate is mobile and touches to main part, Mobile mechanism drives the second height above support plate to print platform, and support plate is moved to first rate close to main body first The position of the vertical portion in portion, after the sensor sensing of flexible edge part is less than set distance to the distance apart from main part, control Device control support plate processed is with the second rate slowly close to main part, and after flexible edge part touches support portion, support plate is then Stop the movement in horizontal direction；

When first three-dimension object is completed in printing, after circular base slab rotates by a certain angle around its center of circle, so that second three The projection for tieing up the suspending part of object can be just in second area, and second area is clean surface, therefore as support portion Printing；After completing the printing of second three-dimension object, after circular base slab rotates by a certain angle around its center of circle, so that third The projection of the suspending part of the three-dimension object of a preparation printing is just in third region, since third region is clean surface, Therefore it can be used as the print area of the support portion of third three-dimension object, after the completion of the printing of the support portion in third region, The print procedure of the suspending part of third three-dimension object is completed again.

2. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer according to claim 1 with backing material molding function, feature exist In,

The type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PP；

First power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and motor, the setting spiral powder feeding rod, institute in the cavity State the spiral powder feeding rod motor driven, under the work of the motor drive spiral powder feeding rod the foaming agent bring into In the melter, the motor and the controller are electrically connected.

3. the forming method of the three-dimensional printer according to claim 1 with backing material molding function, feature exist In,

The print head assembly includes the first print head and the second print head:

First print head cartridge is loaded with type body material, first print head can the relatively described print platform along three-dimensional side To independently moving；

Second print head includes the melter, and the melter has first through hole and the second through-hole, prints fid Material enters in the melter along the first through hole, and first power unit is the foaming agent along second through-hole It is delivered to the melter；

The type body material is the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped silk of PP, described to beat Printing backing material is the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PLA or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of ABS or the three-dimensionally shaped dusty material of PP；

The position of second through-hole is provided with solenoid valve, first power unit includes cavity, spiral powder feeding rod and electricity Machine, the interior setting spiral powder feeding rod of the cavity, the spiral powder feeding rod motor driven, the band under the work of motor Dynamic spiral powder feeding rod is brought the foaming agent in the melter into, and the motor, the solenoid valve are electric with the controller Property connection.