CN107317116B - High-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna - Google Patents
High-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN107317116B CN107317116B CN201710512553.9A CN201710512553A CN107317116B CN 107317116 B CN107317116 B CN 107317116B CN 201710512553 A CN201710512553 A CN 201710512553A CN 107317116 B CN107317116 B CN 107317116B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna which comprises a metamaterial waveguide tube and a radiation slot, wherein the metamaterial waveguide tube comprises a metal waveguide tube and a dielectric plate, the metal waveguide tube is a through tube with a rectangular cross section, the radiation slot is arranged on the upper surface of the metal waveguide tube, one end of the metal waveguide tube is open and used as a signal input port, the other end of the metal waveguide tube is closed and in a short-circuit state, the dielectric plate is arranged on the lower wide edge of the inner wall of the metal waveguide tube along the length direction, and a periodic pattern is etched on the surface of the dielectric plate. The antenna can realize low-loss radiation in a working frequency band, and has high efficiency; the antenna can realize the dual-band suppression outside the working frequency band, and has the characteristics of being equivalent to a high-pass filter when suppressing the electromagnetic interference of a low frequency band and being equivalent to a band-stop filter when suppressing the electromagnetic interference of a high frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microwave technology, in particular to a high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna.
Background
With the rapid increase of military frequency equipment and civil radio equipment and systems, electromagnetic environments present increasingly complicated situations, and the problems of electromagnetic self-interference inside electronic systems, electromagnetic mutual interference among electronic systems and the like are gradually increased. When the electronic system is applied to load platforms such as ships, airplanes and satellites, the electromagnetic environment around the electronic equipment is very severe due to the space limitation of the application platform. Therefore, the design of electronic systems needs to take into account electromagnetic compatibility issues such as interference and interference rejection.
Generally, to solve the problem of electromagnetic compatibility of electronic devices, there are two methods, one is to increase the spatial distance between electronic devices, thereby increasing the spatial isolation between devices to reduce interference; a second method is to add a filter in the device to suppress interference of electromagnetic waves of the corresponding frequency band.
In a space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) application, m. stanzeau et al employ a method of increasing The spatial distance between electronic devices to extend a data-transmitting Antenna out of a satellite platform by approximately 3 meters through an unfolding structure to reduce interference of The data-transmitting Antenna with The SAR system (m. stanzeau, r. woning haus, r. zhuan, X-band ground observation synthetic aperture radar Active Phased Array Antenna, international Phased Array system and technical conference in 2003, USA, Boston, 2003 10 months, pp: 70-75/m.stand, r.werninghaus, and r.zahn, The terrr-X Active Phased Array Antenna, eeinternational Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology 2003, Boston, USA, oct.,2003, pp:70-75), which, while being effective, inevitably results in increased difficulty in designing The overall system in terms of structure, volume, weight, etc., and at The same time of sacrificing system failure points, the reliability of the system is reduced. More importantly, when the electronic device mounting platform is limited, the spatial distance between the electronic devices is very limited, which limits the effect of suppressing electromagnetic interference. Therefore, the method of overcoming electromagnetic interference by increasing the spatial distance between electronic devices has very limited application in engineering practice.
Another method for overcoming electromagnetic interference is to add a filter to the device, which is simple and effective, but this method will increase the amount of the device greatly, especially in a large phased array antenna system with thousands of antenna elements, and further increase the manufacturing cost of the system greatly. In addition, the introduction of the filter also increases the volume of the system and the feeder loss, and has a large influence on the system performance. In recent years, many documents describe the design of filtering antennas, integrating filters with the antenna. For example, in the morning, great, week, substrate integrated waveguide omnidirectional filter antenna multi-antenna array, the science of electrical wave, vol.27(2), 2012, pp: 301-.
In chinese patent CN 101557040B, frequency selective broadband waveguide slot antenna array, wanwei, lie, billow, etc., the straight waveguide section of the waveguide power divider in the antenna array is used, and the waveguide filter is integrated, so that the frequency selective working capability of the antenna is realized, and the out-of-band radio frequency signal interference is suppressed. However, this anti-interference is realized based on that the antenna array has a straight waveguide section available for the waveguide power divider, and for a single-layer waveguide slot antenna without the straight waveguide section of the waveguide power divider, it is impossible to integrate the filter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna which can complete the function of receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves of the antenna in a working frequency band and also can play the function of a filter in two specified high and low frequency bands.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, the metamaterial waveguide tube comprises a metal waveguide tube and a dielectric plate, the metal waveguide tube is a through tube with a rectangular cross section, the radiation gap is arranged on the upper surface of the metal waveguide tube, one end of the metal waveguide tube is open and used as a signal input port, the other end of the metal waveguide tube is closed and in a short circuit state, the dielectric plate is arranged on the lower wide edge of the inner wall of the metal waveguide tube along the length direction, periodic patterns are etched on the surface of the dielectric plate, and the metal waveguide tube and the dielectric plate form a waveguide transmission line with low resistance and high resistance.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radiation slit has a length of half an operating frequency wavelength.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the radiation slits is provided.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rectangular cross section of the metallic waveguide has a length of a and a width of b, 0.5 λ ≦ a ≦ λ, and 0< b ≦ 0.5 λ, where λ is the wavelength of the operating frequency.
As one preferable mode of the present invention, a satisfies a.ltoreq.0.5 lambdastop1H，λstop1HThe wavelength is the highest frequency wavelength of the low-frequency band stop band.
As one preferable mode of the present invention, the periodic patterns are formed by arranging individual patterns in an array, and the pitches of adjacent individual patterns are the same.
As one of preferred modes of the present invention, the single figure is a rectangle, a circle or a ring.
As one of preferred embodiments of the present invention, the single pattern is a square.
The antenna can normally receive and transmit electromagnetic waves in a working frequency band, and meanwhile, the antenna has a filtering function and can inhibit electromagnetic interference of a designated low frequency band and a designated high frequency band outside the working frequency band. Overall structure is simple, compares traditional waveguide slot antenna, only has one deck dielectric plate high resistance surface in waveguide pipe lower part broadside tiling, and this high resistance surface accessible printed circuit board technique is easier realizes, does not increase the degree of difficulty that the engineering was implemented. Moreover, the filtering antenna reported in the literature at present is essentially a cascade of an antenna and a filter, and due to the introduction of the filter, not only the profile, volume and equipment amount of the system are increased, but also additional loss is introduced. The metamaterial waveguide slot antenna realizes the unified design of the antenna and the filter, and the section of the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna is almost the same as that of the traditional waveguide slot antenna because the high-resistance surface has a very low section. In addition, compared with the traditional waveguide slot antenna, the additional loss of the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna is mainly from the dielectric loss of a high-resistance surface, the loss can be reduced to be very low by selecting a low-loss medium, and the additional loss is also much smaller than the loss caused by introducing a filter.
The upper part of the metal waveguide tube, the left and right metal walls and the upper surface of the dielectric plate form an electromagnetic wave transmission space with a rectangular cross section. The dielectric plate has low impedance characteristic in the working frequency band, and at the moment, the metamaterial waveguide tube and the like are the traditional metal waveguide tube, so that electromagnetic waves can be transmitted; in the low-frequency rejection frequency band, the high-resistance surface of the dielectric plate still presents low-impedance characteristics, but at the moment, the waveguide works below cut-off frequency, electromagnetic waves cannot be transmitted in the waveguide, and a stop band at a low frequency is formed; in the high-frequency rejection band, the high-impedance surface exhibits high-impedance characteristics, and suppresses propagation of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide, forming a stop band at high frequencies.
The metamaterial waveguide tube is combined with the radiation slot to form the anti-interference antenna with the characteristics of low-frequency band and high-frequency band double band rejection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the antenna can realize low-loss radiation in a working frequency band, and has high efficiency; the antenna can realize the dual-band suppression outside the working frequency band, and has the characteristics of being equivalent to a high-pass filter when suppressing the electromagnetic interference of a low frequency band and being equivalent to a band-stop filter when suppressing the electromagnetic interference of a high frequency band. The antenna of the invention can realize the filtering function, but does not have an additional filter; the antenna can realize the suppression degree higher than 40dB in two stop bands of low frequency and high frequency; compared with the traditional slot waveguide antenna, the antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the section, the volume and the weight are hardly increased; compared with the design scheme of the traditional slot waveguide antenna cascade filter, the antenna has the advantage that the additional loss in the working frequency band is extremely low. The metamaterial waveguide tube with the filtering function and the radiation slot in the antenna can be independently designed, and the design difficulty is low; the antenna has the advantages that the processing method of the metamaterial waveguide tube and the radiation slot is the same as that of the traditional waveguide slot antenna, the processing technology is mature, the dielectric plate is processed by adopting the printed circuit board technology, the technology is mature, meanwhile, the antenna is simple in structure and high in reliability, and the antenna has wide application space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a dielectric slab;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the transmission characteristics of a metamaterial waveguide in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 6 is a transmission characteristic curve of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern of the inventive antenna operating at 5.15 GHz;
FIG. 9 is a radiation pattern of the inventive antenna operating at 5.35 GHz;
fig. 10 is a radiation pattern of the inventive antenna operating at 5.55 GHz.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment includes a metamaterial waveguide tube and a radiation slot 2, the metamaterial waveguide tube includes a metal waveguide tube 1 and a dielectric plate 3, the metal waveguide tube 1 is a through tube with a rectangular cross section, the radiation slot 2 is disposed on an upper surface of the metal waveguide tube 1, one end of the metal waveguide tube 1 is open and used as a signal input port, the other end is closed and in a short circuit state, the dielectric plate 3 is disposed on a lower wide edge of an inner wall of the metal waveguide tube 1 along a length direction, a periodic pattern 4 is etched on a surface of the dielectric plate 3, and the metal waveguide tube 1 and the dielectric plate 3 form a waveguide transmission line with low resistance and high resistance.
The metal waveguide 1 has a rectangular cross section with a length a and a width b, the periodic patterns 4 have a length and a width L1 and W1, respectively, the spacing between adjacent individual patterns is d1 and d2, and the dielectric plate 3 has a thickness h.
The cross section sizes a and b of the metal waveguide tube 1 are the same as those of a traditional rectangular waveguide and are related to the working frequency; the design of the periodic pattern 4 is related to the high-band stop band; the length of the radiation slot 2 is typically half the operating wavelength.
In the specific design, according to the required technical indexes, usually the requirements of the working frequency band, the interference frequency band and the suppression degree, firstly, the corresponding metamaterial waveguide is designed, so that the metamaterial waveguide plays a role in transmitting electromagnetic waves in the working frequency band and plays a role in suppressing the electromagnetic waves in the interference frequency band. Then, a waveguide slot antenna is designed on the basis of a traditional rectangular waveguide with the same size as the metamaterial waveguide tube. And finally, combining the designed radiation slot 2 with the metamaterial waveguide tube to form the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna.
Assuming the operating band f of a given metamaterial antennaL～fHA C wave band of 5.3-5.5 GHz, a low-frequency band stop band of the highest frequency fStop1HIs 3.5GHz in S band and high-frequency band stop band fstop2L～fstop2HThe X wave band is 7.9-8.6 GHz, and the internal inhibition degree of the stop band is more than 40 dB.
The specific parameters of the corresponding high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna are determined as follows:
according to the operating frequency band fL～fHAnd the highest frequency f of the low-frequency band stop bandStop1HThe cross-sectional dimensions a and b of the metallic waveguide 1 can be determined. In general, in view of suppressing higher-order modes, reducing loss, and securing transmission power, the size of the metal waveguide 1 is selected in the range of: a is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 0<b is less than or equal to 0.5 lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength of the working frequency, and the value of a is between 28.3 and 56.6mm and the value of b is between 0 and 28.3mm according to the maximum wavelength. In view of the suppression of low-band interference and the corresponding suppression requirements, the condition a ≦ 0.5 λ needs to be satisfiedstop1HI.e. the value of a is less than 42.8 mm. By comprehensive consideration, a is selected to be 32mm, and b is selected to be 7.5 mm.
The design of the dielectric plate 3 is related to the requirements of a high-frequency band stop band. The dielectric plate 3 exhibits a low resistance characteristic in the operating frequency band and the low frequency band, and exhibits a high resistance characteristic in the high frequency band. Through the optimized design, the height h of the dielectric plate 3 is 1.5mm, the dielectric constant is 3.38, and the size of the rectangular graph etched on the surface of the dielectric plate is as follows: L1-W1-4.2 mm, d 1-d 2-1.1 mm.
The curve in fig. 5 is a simulation result of the transmission characteristics of the metamaterial waveguide tube after the optimization design, and it can be seen that the suppression degree of the metamaterial waveguide tube in the frequency band below 3.5GHz is greater than 50dB, and the suppression degree is greater than 60dB in the frequency range of 7.9-8.6 GHz.
After the metamaterial waveguide tube design is completed, the radiation slot 2 is designed by adopting a design method of a traditional waveguide slot antenna. After design, the length, offset (distance between the longitudinal center line of the elongated radiation slot 2 and the longitudinal center line of the waveguide broadside) of the radiation slot 2 and the distance between the adjacent radiation slots 2 are respectively 29.1mm, 3.0mm and 37.5mm, and the width of the radiation slot 2 is selected to be 2mm according to the processing limitation condition.
The metamaterial waveguide tube is combined with the radiation slot 2, so that the high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna can be obtained, as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 shows a spatial coupling S21 curve between the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna and the ultra-wideband antenna. It can be seen that the coupling coefficient is about-21.8 dB in the working frequency band of 5.30-5.50 GHz, the coupling coefficient is-21.2-21.8 dB in the working frequency band of 5.15-5.55 GHz, and the coupling coefficient is lower than-63.3 dB and-74.8 dB in the low-frequency interference frequency band and the high-frequency interference frequency band respectively. This shows that the suppression of the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna to the low-frequency and high-frequency interference frequency bands is respectively more than 40dB and 50dB relative to the working frequency band.
FIG. 7 shows a port Voltage Standing Wave (VSWR) curve of the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna, wherein the port voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.5 in a 5.15-5.55 GHz working frequency band. This shows that the metamaterial antenna is well matched in the working frequency band.
Fig. 8, 9 and 10 show radiation pattern curves of the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna at three frequencies of 5.15GHz, 5.35GHz and 5.55GHz, respectively, directivity coefficients of the metamaterial waveguide slot antenna at the frequency point are 11.5dB, 11.7dB and 11.8dB, respectively, and radiation characteristics of a good uniform distribution line array are shown. The metamaterial waveguide slot antenna has good performance in the bandwidth range of 400MHz by combining the standing wave characteristic of the antenna.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna is characterized by comprising a metamaterial waveguide tube and a radiation slot, wherein the metamaterial waveguide tube comprises a metal waveguide tube and a dielectric plate, the metal waveguide tube is a through tube with a rectangular cross section, the radiation slot is formed in the upper surface of the metal waveguide tube, one end of the metal waveguide tube is open and serves as a signal input port, the other end of the metal waveguide tube is closed and is in a short circuit state, the dielectric plate is arranged on the wide edge of the lower portion of the inner wall of the metal waveguide tube in the length direction, periodic patterns are etched on the surface of the dielectric plate, and the metal waveguide tube and the dielectric plate form a waveguide transmission line with low resistance and high resistance; the length of the rectangular cross section of the metal waveguide tube is a, the width of the rectangular cross section of the metal waveguide tube is b, a is selected to be 32mm, and b is selected to be 7.5 mm.
2. The high impedance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of the radiating slot is half of the operating frequency wavelength.
3. A high impedance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the radiating slots.
4. The high-resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna of claim 1, wherein the periodic patterns are arranged in an array of single patterns, and the spacing between adjacent single patterns is the same.
5. The high resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna of claim 4, wherein the single pattern is rectangular, circular or annular.
6. The high resistance surface metamaterial waveguide slot antenna of claim 5, wherein the single pattern is square.
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| CN108270077B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-11-19 | 上海交通大学 | Waveguide gap array anti-interference antenna |
| CN108539414B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2023-11-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Compact-structure light high-efficiency slot antenna and antenna array |
| CN110323574B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-03-30 | 北京木牛领航科技有限公司 | Waveguide antenna structure and method |
| EP3565059B1 (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2021-04-07 | NXP USA, Inc. | Antenna with switchable beam pattern |
| CN110867644B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-01-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Dual-band multi-polarization common-caliber coaxial waveguide slot antenna |
| CN112928416B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-11-01 | 南通大学 | Defected ground type metal circular waveguide |
| WO2024023275A1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Novocomms Limited | Reconfigurable antenna device with a waveguide structure and at least one metasurface |
| CN115458910A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-12-09 | 四川大学 | Modular dual-frequency AMC load filtering antenna manufactured in combination with 3D printing and PCB mode |
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| CN101965664A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2011-02-02 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Waveguide slot array antenna apparatus |
| RU166254U1 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-11-20 | Александр Сергеевич Кухаренко | WAVEGUIDE RECTIFIED FILTER ON METAMATERIAL |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101965664A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2011-02-02 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Waveguide slot array antenna apparatus |
| RU166254U1 (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-11-20 | Александр Сергеевич Кухаренко | WAVEGUIDE RECTIFIED FILTER ON METAMATERIAL |
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