CN107314835A - Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment - Google Patents
Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN107314835A CN107314835A CN201610267815.5A CN201610267815A CN107314835A CN 107314835 A CN107314835 A CN 107314835A CN 201610267815 A CN201610267815 A CN 201610267815A CN 107314835 A CN107314835 A CN 107314835A
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005483 Hooke's law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/04—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring elastic deformation of gauges, e.g. of springs
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The application is related to a kind of experiment flat-plate drag test device, and the test device includes the bracket for experiment installed successively from top to bottom, dynamometer and the part of assay plate three, using flexible connection between dynamometer and bracket for experiment and assay plate；The width of the dynamometer is not less than the width of assay plate；The assay plate is lifted vertically, below the end portion immersion water surface；The guide margin of the assay plate and with wedge shaped；The dynamometer is made up of upper buckstay, lower buckstay, foil gauge and two elastic steel sheets between upper and lower buckstay two ends, elastic steel sheet is fastened by bolts at the two ends of upper and lower buckstay, foil gauge is set on the elastic steel sheet, and the foil gauge uses full-bridge connected mode.The present apparatus can reduce the viscous pressure resistance caused by thickness and in wave making resistance caused by the water surface, it is to avoid produce the resistance of appendage, and elastic steel sheet can be changed according to the actual requirements, so as to ensure that range is appropriate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experiment flat-plate drag test device, and in particular to one kind can accurately measure different coarse
Degree, the test device of flat board frictional resistance in water of different coating.
Background technology
In hull rapidity design field, frictional resistance of the accurate test flat board in water is to calculate hull surface friction resistance
The basis of power.Flat board is placed in hydrostatic in experiment measurement and moved with the speed of determination, or that flat board is placed on into flow velocity is equal
In even, steady, determination tank, the flat board drag overall of measurement now.To ensure that water velocity is oriented parallel to flat board in experiment.
And frictional resistance is only therein a part of in actually measured drag overall, in addition to other resistance components, such as：Due to flat board
The wave making resistance formed on viscous pressure resistance caused by thickness, additional drag caused by annex and the water surface.
Due to the frictional resistance numerical value very little in experiment, so that it is extremely difficult to cause accurately to measure plate frictional resistance
, major influence factors have following aspects：First, the resistance components of other in experiment are inevitable, even if other hinder
The numerical value very little of force component will also result in larger error；Second, test need dynamometer must range be small, precision is high, it is existing
Have and disclosure satisfy that the dynamometer of aforementioned claim is seldom in technology；3rd, vibration, inclination and the buoyancy of experiment frame in experiment
The accuracy of measurement result will be influenceed.
The content of the invention
The application is directed to the defect of presence of the prior art there is provided a kind of experiment flat-plate drag test device, and it can
With the standard curve according to the assay plate resistance-strain value drawn previously according to experiment, the strain value side measured in experiment
Just the Resistance Value that flat board is subject to is drawn.
Technical scheme is as follows：
Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment, and the test device includes the bracket for experiment installed successively from top to bottom, surveys
Power meter and the part of assay plate three, between dynamometer and bracket for experiment and assay plate by the way of flexible connection；Institute
The width for stating dynamometer is not less than the width of assay plate；The assay plate is lifted vertically, below the end portion immersion water surface；
The guide margin and lagging edge of the assay plate are wedge shaped, to reduce viscous pressure resistance；The dynamometer by upper buckstay, lower buckstay,
Foil gauge and two elastic steel sheets composition between upper and lower buckstay two ends, elastic steel sheet is fastened by bolts
Foil gauge is set on the two ends of upper and lower buckstay, the elastic steel sheet, and the foil gauge uses full-bridge connected mode, it is to avoid two
Measurement error caused by individual elastic steel sheet unbalance stress.
Its further technical scheme is：
The foil gauge is arranged on apart from the position of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 15-30% elastic steel sheet height, be preferably provided at away from
It is about elastic steel sheet overall length H half from the position of the elastic steel sheet height of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 25%, i.e. foil gauge spacing h.
The assay plate is using 2 points of liftings, and Hoisting Position is respectively apart from guide margin and lagging edge assay plate length 15%-
25% position, it is to avoid the deformation of assay plate under gravity, and there is hydrodynamic force exciting phenomenon.
The assay plate uses thickness for 3-8mm sheet metal, sheet metal thick preferably 4mm, to reduce wave making resistance.
The upper buckstay or lower buckstay use square steel or channel-section steel.
The assay plate is processed by the way of wire cutting, it is to avoid thermal deformation.
The length of assay plate is 500-2000mm, and width is 300-1500mm.
Described flexible connection mode is hook, suspension ring or movable bolt.
The technique effect of the present invention：Experiment described in the present patent application flat-plate drag test device, can be by reducing
Slab-thickness, to reduce the viscous pressure resistance caused by thickness and in wave making resistance caused by the water surface, or even to viscous pressure resistance and emerging
Wave resistance can be ignored；In addition, the present apparatus is partly not provided with any annex under water, so as to avoid producing attached body resistance
Power；Before experiment, flat-plate drag test device is returned to zero, the small angle inclination and the buoyancy of its own of flat board can be reduced
With measurement error caused by gravity.In addition, the present apparatus can also be applied to carry out different roughness processing on surface or spary is each
The resistance measurement of the flat board of coating is planted, and elastic steel sheet can be changed according to the actual requirements, so as to ensure that range is fitted
When.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of flat-plate drag test device；
Fig. 2 is the guide margin or lagging edge schematic shapes of assay plate；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that dynamometer is deformed under external force；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of elastic steel sheet and foil gauge；
Fig. 5 is the full-bridge connected mode schematic diagram of foil gauge.
Fig. 6 is the standard curve of resistance-strain value.
Description of reference numerals：1 experiment frame, 2 bolts, buckstay on 3,4 elastic steel sheets, 5 times buckstays, 6 hooks, 7 experiments
Flat board, 8 water surface curves, 9 assay plate lagging edges, 10 assay plate guide margins, 11 foil gauges.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical scheme to the present patent application is illustrated.
The making of the standard curve of assay plate resistance-strain value.
In atmosphere, certain power is applied to assay plate by pulley, fine rule, counterweight, corresponding strain value can be measured.
Needed to measure one group of Weight gravity and corresponding strain value according to experiment.Measured in experiment after strain value, according to what is be previously obtained
The corresponding relation of assay plate resistance and strain value, obtains the resistance of assay plate.
Resistance calculation formulae:R = 1/2* C ρ V22S（Come from《Principle of naval architecture》Teaching material）
R = C ρ V2S
Wherein S is the area of assay plate upper surface（㎡）, V is the flow velocity of water（m/s）, ρ is the density of water（kg/m³）, C is
Resistance coefficient.
Amount of stress σ is first related to, its dependency relation is E ε=σ, and this is Hooke's law；Another is σ=M/（b t2/6）,
It is stress formula of the rectangular beam under Moment, wherein M is local torque.In the present invention, torque M=（R/2）×（h/2）,
R/2 is that h/2 is the actually active arm of force because resistance is shared equally by two dynamometers.So as to draw the E ε b t of formula 22= 3 R h
It is to be derived according to force equation, so as to obtain the relation between resistance R and strain stress：R=（2E/3* b t2/h）*ε.
A series of R and μ ε in table 1 are worth to such as the standard curve in accompanying drawing 6, so as to very easily basis
Strain value ε obtains corresponding resistance R value.
The data list of the standard curve of table 1.
Embodiment 1
Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment, and the test device includes the bracket for experiment installed successively from top to bottom, surveys
Power meter and the part of assay plate three, using hook connection between dynamometer and bracket for experiment and assay plate；The dynamometry
The width of meter is not less than the width of assay plate；The length of assay plate is 1000mm, and width is 700mm, thick 4mm thin steel
Plate, to reduce wave making resistance.The assay plate is lifted on the lower end of dynamometer vertically by the way of being lifted using 2 points, it is to avoid real
The deformation of surface plate under gravity, and there is hydrodynamic force exciting phenomenon.Hoisting Position is real apart from guide margin and lagging edge respectively
Below the position of surface plate length 25%, i.e. 50mm, the end portion immersion water surface of assay plate, 100mm surfaces；Experiment
Guide margin and lagging edge the polishing wedgewise of flat board both sides, to reduce viscous pressure resistance；The dynamometer by upper buckstay, lower buckstay and
Two elastic steel sheets composition between upper and lower buckstay two ends, elastic steel sheet is fastened by bolts in upper and lower rigidity
The two ends of beam, upper buckstay or lower buckstay use square steel, under drag effect, and upper and lower buckstay is hardly deformed, Elastic Steel
Piece produces S deformations, as shown in Figure 3.Resistance Value is obtained by measuring strain caused by elastic steel sheet deformation.The elastic steel sheet
Four foil gauges of upper setting, foil gauge is arranged on apart from the position of the elastic steel sheet height of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 25%, described to answer
Become piece to connect using full-bridge mode, so as to avoid measurement error caused by two elastic steel sheet unbalance stress.By foil gauge and outside
If deformeter connection, so as to obtain strain value.In order to avoid thermal deformation, assay plate is processed by the way of wire cutting.Survey
Power meter is lifted on experiment frame by movable bolt or hook.
The computational methods of wherein resistance are as follows：
General resistance calculation formulae R=C ρ V2S, wherein S are the area of assay plate upper surface（㎡）, V is the flow velocity of water
（m/s）, ρ is the density of water（kg/m³）, C is resistance coefficient.
In the present embodiment, flow velocity V is 2m/s, and assay plate area is the ㎡ of S=1.0 × 0.7=0.7, the density of water for ρ=
1000kg/m3, C value 0.04, then R=112N；
For the dynamometer in the present invention, also according to the E ε b t of formula 22=3 R h obtain the width b of elastic steel sheet, thick
The size relationship that t and two foil gauge spacing of degree is h, wherein, stainless steel elastic modulus E=200Gpa that elastic steel sheet is used,
The desired value of strain stress is 100 × 10-6, to ensure measurement accuracy, obtain size relationship b t2/ h value is 8.4mm2；
B=15mm, t=5mm are selected, then h=45mm, elastic steel sheet length H is chosen as 2 times of foil gauge spacing h, that is, select Elastic Steel
Length of a film 90mm.
As shown in figure 4, the width of elastic steel sheet is b, thickness is t, and two foil gauge spacing are h, the determination of three parameters
Method is：First, resistance R is estimated, if flow velocity is V, assay plate area is S, and the density of water is ρ, then resistance R=C ρ V2
S, wherein C span are between 0.01 ~ 0.04；Then, the desired value of strain stress is chosen, scope is 50 × 10-6~200×
10-6Between；After resistance R, strain stress are determined, the elastic modulus E of elastic steel sheet is checked in, can be according to the E ε b t of formula 22 = 3 R
H, obtains b t2/ h value；Ensure that b is more than 8mm；Adjust t, it is ensured that b is 3 ~ 5 times of t；Determined according to b and t between two foil gauges
Away from h.
Embodiment 2
Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment, and the test device includes the bracket for experiment installed successively from top to bottom, surveys
Power meter and the part of assay plate three, are connected between dynamometer and bracket for experiment and assay plate using suspension ring；The dynamometry
The width of meter is not less than the width of assay plate；The length of assay plate is 2000mm, and width is 1500mm, thick 8mm thin steel
Plate, to reduce wave making resistance.The assay plate is lifted on the lower end of dynamometer vertically by the way of being lifted using 2 points, it is to avoid real
The deformation of surface plate under gravity, and there is hydrodynamic force exciting phenomenon.Hoisting Position is real apart from guide margin and lagging edge respectively
Below the position of surface plate length 20%, i.e. 400mm, the end portion immersion water surface of assay plate；The guide margin of assay plate both sides
With lagging edge polish wedgewise, to reduce viscous pressure resistance；The dynamometer is by upper buckstay, lower buckstay and installed in upper and lower firm
Property beam two ends between two elastic steel sheets composition, elastic steel sheet is fastened by bolts at the two ends of upper and lower buckstay, it is upper just
Property beam or lower buckstay use channel-section steel, under drag effect, upper and lower buckstay is hardly deformed, elastic steel sheet produce S deformation,
As shown in Figure 3.Resistance Value is obtained by measuring strain caused by elastic steel sheet deformation.Four are set on the elastic steel sheet to answer
Become piece, foil gauge is arranged on apart from the position of the elastic steel sheet height of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 30%, and the foil gauge uses full-bridge
Mode is connected, so as to avoid measurement error caused by two elastic steel sheet unbalance stress.The deformeter of foil gauge and peripheral hardware is connected
Connect, so as to obtain strain value.In order to avoid thermal deformation, assay plate is processed by the way of wire cutting.Dynamometer passes through activity
Bolt or suspension ring are lifted on experiment frame.The computational methods be the same as Example 1 of resistance.
Embodiment 3
Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment, and the test device includes the bracket for experiment installed successively from top to bottom, surveys
Power meter and the part of assay plate three, using hook connection between dynamometer and bracket for experiment and assay plate；The dynamometry
The width of meter is not less than the width of assay plate；The length of assay plate is 500mm, and width is 300mm, thick 3mm sheet metal,
To reduce wave making resistance.The assay plate is lifted on the lower end of dynamometer vertically by the way of being lifted using 2 points, it is to avoid experiment
The deformation of flat board under gravity, and there is hydrodynamic force exciting phenomenon.Hoisting Position is tested apart from guide margin and lagging edge respectively
Below the position of slab length 15%, i.e. 75mm, the end portion immersion water surface of assay plate；The guide margin of assay plate both sides and
Lagging edge polishing wedgewise, to reduce viscous pressure resistance；The dynamometer is by upper buckstay, lower buckstay and installed in upper and lower rigidity
Two elastic steel sheets composition between beam two ends, elastic steel sheet is fastened by bolts at the two ends of upper and lower buckstay, upper rigidity
Beam or lower buckstay use square steel, under drag effect, and upper and lower buckstay is hardly deformed, and elastic steel sheet produces S deformations, such as
Shown in Fig. 3.Resistance Value is obtained by measuring strain caused by elastic steel sheet deformation.Four strains are set on the elastic steel sheet
Piece, foil gauge is arranged on apart from the position of the elastic steel sheet height of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 15%, and the foil gauge uses full-bridge side
Formula is connected, so as to avoid measurement error caused by two elastic steel sheet unbalance stress.The deformeter of foil gauge and peripheral hardware is connected,
So as to obtain strain value.In order to avoid thermal deformation, assay plate is processed by the way of wire cutting.Dynamometer passes through movable bolt
Or hook is lifted on experiment frame.The computational methods be the same as Example 1 of resistance.
Above description is explanation of the invention, is not the restriction to invention, limited range of the present invention is referring to right
It is required that, within protection scope of the present invention, any type of modification can be made.
Claims (9)
1. flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment, it is characterised in that the test device includes what is installed successively from top to bottom
Bracket for experiment, dynamometer and the part of assay plate three, are adopted between dynamometer and bracket for experiment, dynamometer and assay plate
With the mode of flexible connection；The width of the dynamometer is not less than the width of assay plate；The assay plate is lifted vertically, under
Below the sub-dip upstream face of end；The guide margin and lagging edge of the assay plate are wedge shaped, to reduce viscous pressure resistance；The dynamometer by
Upper buckstay, lower buckstay, foil gauge and two elastic steel sheets composition between upper and lower buckstay two ends, by elasticity
Steel disc, which is fastened by bolts on the two ends of upper and lower buckstay, the elastic steel sheet, sets foil gauge, and the foil gauge is using complete
The connected mode of bridge, it is to avoid measurement error caused by two elastic steel sheet unbalance stress.
2. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the foil gauge is arranged on distance
The position of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 15-30% elastic steel sheet height.
3. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the foil gauge is preferably provided at
Apart from the position of the elastic steel sheet height of elastic steel sheet upper and lower ends 25%.
4. the experiment flat-plate drag test device as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the assay plate is adopted
With 2 points of liftings, Hoisting Position is respectively apart from the position of guide margin and lagging edge assay plate width 15%-25%, it is to avoid assay plate exists
Deformation under Action of Gravity Field and there is hydrodynamic force exciting phenomenon.
5. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the assay plate uses thickness
For 3-8mm sheet metal, to reduce wave making resistance.
6. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the upper buckstay or lower rigidity
Beam uses square steel or channel-section steel.
7. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the assay plate is cut using line
The mode cut is processed, it is to avoid thermal deformation.
8. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the length of assay plate is 500-
2000mm, width is 300-1500mm.
9. flat-plate drag test device is used in experiment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described flexible connection mode is
Hook, suspension ring or movable bolt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610267815.5A CN107314835B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | A kind of experiment flat-plate drag test device |
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| CN201610267815.5A CN107314835B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | A kind of experiment flat-plate drag test device |
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| CN107314835B CN107314835B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108247698A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-06 | 王俊敏 | A kind of flexible material cutting means |
| CN108593058A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Air drag tests balance |
| CN109724771A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-07 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | It is a kind of for measuring the mono-pendulum type balance of underwater sailing body resistance |
| CN110132837A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of synchronous measuring apparatus and method for underwater planar surface frictional resistance |
| CN111141479A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Test device for improving measurement precision of plate friction resistance |
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| CN109724771B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-07-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Simple pendulum type balance for measuring underwater vehicle resistance |
| CN110132837A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of synchronous measuring apparatus and method for underwater planar surface frictional resistance |
| CN111141479A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Test device for improving measurement precision of plate friction resistance |
| CN111141479B (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-02-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Test device for improving measurement precision of plate friction resistance |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107314835B (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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