CN104634538A - Experiment device for measuring flow resistance of flat panel - Google Patents
Experiment device for measuring flow resistance of flat panel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104634538A CN104634538A CN201510054743.1A CN201510054743A CN104634538A CN 104634538 A CN104634538 A CN 104634538A CN 201510054743 A CN201510054743 A CN 201510054743A CN 104634538 A CN104634538 A CN 104634538A
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Abstract
The invention provides an experiment device, which is used for measuring flow resistance of a flat panel in water flow. The experiment device comprises a flow guide shell, an outer plate, a sliding carrier, a support frame and a base. The experiment device provided by the invention is simple in structure and high in applicability, and is capable of accurately measuring relatively small flow resistance of the flat panel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrodynamics field, in particular to a kind of experimental provision mechanical signal being changed into electrical signal output.
Background technology
When boats and ships or submarine navigation device navigation, can produce three kinds of resistances: frictional resistance, wave making resistance and viscous pressure resistance, wherein frictional resistance is maximum.In addition, in the transport of the fluids such as water, oil, liquid chemical, the surface friction drag of transport pipeline also occupies significant proportion in its drag overall.
In order to reduce above-mentioned frictional resistance, in prior art, provide multiple technologies scheme.Especially the super hydrophobic surface drag reduction technology occurred in recent years has promoted the development of drag reduction technology.Usually a kind of technical scheme adopted in prior art comprises and adopts the hydrophobic surface with lotus leaf grade micro-surface structure effectively to reduce resistance.The drag reduction technology being super hydrophobic surface along with composite contact angle theory provides theoretical foundation, and super hydrophobic surface drag reduction technology is significant for raising ship resistance and performance, reduction energy consumption.In order to the frictional resistance characteristic studying super hydrophobic surface needs the corresponding experiment of design to test the frictional resistance of super hydrophobic surface, along with the large quantity research of testing super-hydrophobic surface coating Drag Reduction, also more and more higher to the requirement of experiment and equipment thereof.
But, in prior art, traditional water hole device is adopted usually for the test of super hydrophobic surface frictional resistance, because water hole apparatus structure is complicated, floor area is large, cost is high, experimental section flow field is difficult to simulation, the test period is long, thus in use there is certain limitation.Further, adopt and hang dull and stereotyped strain gauge balance mensuration in water hole, the pitching that dull and stereotyped appearance is larger may be made, cause certain experimental error.Along with the development of PIV velocity measuring technique (particulate image taking speed measuring technique), make directly to observe the speed of coating surface become possibility, but due to speed polarization in the scope of near wall 10%, measured value is lower than theoretical value.
Therefore design an experimental provision that structure is simple, cost is low, frictional resistance is easily simulated, can directly be measured to easy dismounting, experimental section to have great importance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes based on the demand of the prior art just.The experimental provision that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, cost is low, frictional resistance is easily simulated, can directly be measured to easy dismounting, experimental section.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides following technical scheme.
A kind of experimental provision, for measuring dull and stereotyped frictional resistance in current, described experimental provision comprises: blower inlet casing, outside plate, slip carrier, bracing frame and base; Described blower inlet casing, be arranged on upstream end thereof and the downstream end of the fluid flow direction of described experimental provision, blower inlet casing is connected with bracing frame; Support frame as described above, for carrying all parts of described experimental provision; Support frame as described above is formed as rectangle frame, and described blower inlet casing is separately positioned on the outside of described rectangle frame, and described outside plate is arranged at the inner side of described rectangle frame; Described outside plate, for carrying described slip carrier; Described outside plate is formed as rectangle, is removably fixedly connected with support frame as described above; Described outside plate comprises front outside plate, described front outside plate is arranged before support frame as described above, described front outside plate is provided with rectangular aperture, the overthe openings of described front outside plate is provided with bearing groove, described bearing groove extends back from the medial surface of described front outside plate, and described bearing groove allows described upper axle to slide in left-right direction in described bearing groove for the upper axle carrying slip carrier; The opening left and right sides of described outside plate arranges limited post, by the range of movement of the spacing described slip carrier of the carrier that slides described in limited post backstop; The below of described opening is provided with web member, and described web member is provided with resistance strain gage, and described resistance strain gage coordinates with the thimble that slip carrier is arranged and the conversion of motion of slip carrier is electric signal thus senses the motion of slip carrier; Described slip carrier comprises planar plate members; The front surface upper end of described planar plate members is fixedly installed head bearing, and described head bearing is provided with axle; The middle part of described planar plate members is provided with intermediate openings, and the periphery of described intermediate openings is provided with first group of brassboard web member, and the brassboard being used for testing is connected with described slip carrier by described first group of brassboard web member; The bottom of described planar plate members is provided with lower bearing unit, and described lower bearing unit is arranged on the front surface of described planar plate members, and described lower bearing unit is connected by the front surface of shaft coupling piece with described planar plate members; Described shaft coupling piece is arranged perpendicular to the front surface of described planar plate members, and the outside surface of one end and described planar plate members is fixed, and the other end connects lower shaft; One end of described lower shaft other end that is connected with described shaft coupling piece is arranged with bearing; The lower end of described planar plate members is provided with thimble, described thimble is arranged on immediately below described planar plate members, and be fixedly connected with described planar plate members, the motion of described thimble acts on described resistance strain gage, thus produces electric signal according to the displacement of described thimble; Described base, is arranged on the lower surface of support frame as described above, comprises stationary installation, by described stationary installation, described experimental provision is installed location in test environment.
Preferably, described blower inlet casing, this experimental provision comprises two separately symmetrically arranged two blower inlet casings, and the xsect of each blower inlet casing is formed as
aspect ratiobe 2 curve linear, or the xsect of described blower inlet casing is formed as knuckle type; After adopting the long corrosion resistant plate of 4.9MM thick * 174MM to be processed by roll bending machine again by two blocks of bending steel plates by being made of welded connection.
Preferably, described lower bearing unit 8 preferably includes two groups the are symmetricly set in described planar plate members respectively left and right sides relative to the center line of described planar plate members.
Preferably, described outside plate also comprises rear outside plate, and described front outside plate and described rear outside plate are oppositely arranged, and are connected between described front outside plate with described rear outside plate by steel column.
Preferably, the size of described brassboard web member is set to, when on the bearing groove that the described slip carrier being fixed with brassboard hangs on described outside plate for testing the hydrophobic property of described brassboard time, the size of described brassboard web member makes the outside surface of the outside surface of described brassboard and outside plate at grade
Above-mentioned experimental provision of the present invention can, structure is simple, and application is strong, accurately can measure less sheet flow resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to better the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, the present invention comprises following accompanying drawing, so that be described in detail the embodiment of patent of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural drawing measuring the experimental provision of flat-plate drag of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of blower inlet casing structural drawing measuring the experimental provision of flat-plate drag of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of support frame structure figure measuring the experimental provision of flat-plate drag of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of right plate structural drawing measuring the experimental provision of flat-plate drag of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of slip carrier structure figure measuring the experimental provision of flat-plate drag of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of understructure figure measuring the experimental provision of flat-plate drag of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Set forth further below in conjunction with the embodiment of accompanying drawing to the embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that, this embodiment is only the explanation to the specific embodiment of the invention, can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.
The structure of the experimental provision of the measurement flat-plate drag in the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.The style device of described measurement flat-plate drag comprises: blower inlet casing 1, outside plate 2, slip carrier 3, bracing frame 4 and base 5.
Described blower inlet casing 1 is arranged on the end of described experimental provision, and be specifically positioned at upstream end thereof and the downstream end of the fluid flow direction of described experimental provision, blower inlet casing is removably connected with bracing frame by screw.Stable flow velocity can be kept through the fluid of experimental section at the flows by action of described blower inlet casing 1.
The structure of described blower inlet casing as shown in Figure 2, this experimental provision comprises two separately symmetrically arranged two blower inlet casings, be separately positioned on upstream end thereof and the downstream end of the fluid flow direction of described experimental provision, the xsect of each blower inlet casing be formed as aspect ratio be 2 curve linear, or the xsect of described blower inlet casing can also be formed as knuckle type.Blower inlet casing after adopting the long corrosion resistant plate of 4.9MM thick * 174MM to be processed by roll bending machine again by two blocks of bending steel plates by being made of welded connection.
As shown in Figure 3, support frame as described above is for carrying all parts of described experimental provision for the structure of the bracing frame 4 of the experimental provision of the embodiment of the present invention.Support frame as described above is formed as rectangle, and preferably adopt 4 square steel to be welded, left and right square steel height is 950MM, the long 1350MM of upper and lower square steel.The marked improvement adopting above-mentioned square steel to make is, the quality of above-mentioned square steel is comparatively large, effectively can prevent the disturbance that the impact of wave and flow rate of water flow subtle change produce experimental provision in circulating water chennel.Described blower inlet casing is separately positioned on the outside of the rectangle frame of support frame as described above four square steel compositions.As shown in Figure 1, described outside plate 2 is arranged at the inner side of the rectangle frame of support frame as described above four square steel compositions.Four with square steel all being attacked the dark silk hole for 12MM up and down.Further, the shape that the bracing frame of the embodiment of the present invention is set to framework is not that the routine of this area is selected, because, against expectation, when above-mentioned bracing frame is formed as described framework, can effective flow field change between Inhibition test device inside, can also save simultaneously and produce materials and cost.
The two ends, bottom surface of the square steel of support frame as described above 4 bottom are welded with two base steel discs 14, described base steel disc is preferably stalloy, each diapire steel disc all has the through hole 15 that two diameters are 10.5MM, by screw or bolt and described through hole coordinate support frame as described above is fixed on other fixture on, thus realize building of drag reduction experimental provision.
Described outside plate 2 for carrying described slip carrier 3, and is fixedly installed on the medial surface of support frame as described above 4.Further, described outside plate 2 is arranged at the inner side of the rectangle frame of support frame as described above four square steel compositions.Described outside plate is preferably also formed as rectangle, and the outside plate of described rectangle is removably fixedly connected with by screw or bolt with the bracing frame of described rectangle.
As shown in Figure 4, the both sides up and down on the length direction of preferably described outside plate are provided with 3 point of fixity, and the right and left of described outside plate Width is provided with 2 point of fixity.Further preferably, described point of fixity is through hole, and described through hole is corresponding with the described silk hole on support frame as described above, thus is firmly connected on bracing frame by described outside plate by screw.This connected mode can form solid and reliable fixing thus avoid outside plate 2 to rock in experimentation, the precision of impact experiment.
Preferably, the medial surface of support frame as described above arranges former and later two outside plates, described front outside plate before support frame as described above, described rear outside plate arranging below near support frame as described above.As shown in Figure 4, former and later two outside plates described preferably all adopt the steel plate of 4.9MM to make.Former and later two outside plates described are provided with opening, and described opening is preferably rectangle, and two openings are relatively arranged on the central authorities of described outside plate 2.Linked together by steel column 18 between former and later two outside plates.
Outside plate was example in the past, and described front outside plate is the shape of rectangle, long 1300MM, high 1100MM; Leave opening 16 in the middle of front outside plate, described middle opening is also the shape of rectangle, long 604MM, high 304MM.
Bearing groove 17 has been connected by screw above the opening 16 of described front outside plate; Specifically, described bearing groove 17 is connected to the 7MM place of overthe openings, described bearing groove 17 extends back from the medial surface of described front outside plate, and further, the length 510MM of the left and right directions of described bearing groove 17, the height of above-below direction are 17MM, the width of fore-and-aft direction is 32MM.Described bearing groove, for carrying the upper axle 21 of slip carrier 3, allows described upper axle to slide at the left and right directions of described bearing groove.
Further; in order to limit the sliding scale of described slip carrier 3 on described bearing groove; preferably limited post 26 can be set in the opening left and right sides of described outside plate; carried out the range of movement of spacing described slip carrier by parts that the carrier that slides described in limited post 26 backstop is connected with described axle 21, the machinery of protection tester and circuit structure can be unlikely to damaged like this.Further preferably, the mode that described spacing stud is connected by screw is removably disposed on the inside surface of described front outside plate, as shown in Figure 4.
The below of described opening is provided with web member 6, described web member 6 is provided with resistance strain gage 19, described resistance strain gage coordinates with the thimble 9 that slip carrier is arranged and the conversion of motion of slip carrier is electric signal thus senses the motion of slip carrier, and concrete kinematic relation will elaborate hereinafter.
Be connected by steel column 18 between forward and backward outside plate; Preferably, the quantity of described steel column is four, and steel column length is 78MM.Can be prevented because current agitate generation disturbance by the setting of steel column.
Rear outside plate is not except arranging except bearing groove, and all the other structures are identical with right side outside plate.
As shown in Figure 5, slip carrier comprises planar plate members 22 to the structure of slip carrier, and described planar plate members, is formed as rectangle.Described planar plate members 22 offers three openings: the dull and stereotyped aperture member 12 of the first planar plate members opening 13, second planar plate members opening the 11, three.Above-mentioned three openings are along the above-below direction center aligning setting successively from top to bottom of described planar plate members 22.Preferably, the size of described slip carrier preferably adopts width 650MM, height 500MM, thickness 3MM; Described first planar plate members opening 13 is of a size of 200MM*68MM, described second planar plate members opening 11 is of a size of 550MM*250MM, described 3rd planar plate members opening 12 is of a size of 604MM*40MM.
The upper end of described planar plate members is fixedly installed bearing 7, and described bearing 7 is provided with axle 21.Described axle 21 can be arranged on the bearing groove 17 of described outside plate, and can horizontally slip on described bearing groove 17, thus drives slip carrier 3 to move by described bearing 7.A kind of preferred technical scheme comprises, and described bearing 7 adopts the bearing of 61814 models, and described axle 21 is arranged on the periphery of described bearing.
The upper surface of described planar plate members, the periphery of planar plate members second opening are provided with first group of brassboard web member 10, and described first group of brassboard web member 10 is for being connected the brassboard being used for testing with described slip carrier 3.Preferably, described first group of assay plate web member 10 comprises four, and four described assay plate web members lay respectively at the both sides up and down of described planar plate members second opening 11.Can ensure that described brassboard and described slip carrier reliably can be fixed thus ensure that the precision of experiment by the connection of four web members.
Further preferably, the rear surface of described planar plate members is provided with second group of brassboard web member 20, and described second brassboard web member 20 is also for connecting assay plate.Described second brassboard web member comprises four further, is arranged at the left and right sides of described planar plate members second opening respectively, arranges the testing requirement that can meet different size brassboard like this by the position of two groups of different experiments plate web members.
Closer, the size of described brassboard web member is set to, when on the bearing groove that the described slip carrier being fixed with brassboard hangs on described outside plate for testing the hydrophobic property of described brassboard time, the size of described brassboard web member makes the outside surface of the outside surface of described steel plate and outside plate at grade.The preferred length of the web member of brassboard described in the embodiment of the present invention is that 37mm can meet the demand of most experiments plate by the setting of this length.More preferably, the length of described brassboard web member can be conditioned, the tolerance to brassboard size when further increasing experiment test like this.
The bottom of described planar plate members is provided with lower bearing unit 8, and described lower bearing unit is preferably arranged on the front surface of described planar plate members, and described lower bearing single pass-through shaft coupling piece 25 is connected with the front surface of described planar plate members.Described shaft coupling piece 25 is arranged perpendicular to the outside surface of described planar plate members, the outside surface of one end and described planar plate members is fixed, the other end is connected to lower shaft 24, one end of described lower shaft 24 other end that is connected with described shaft coupling piece 25 is arranged with bearing 23, described bearing 23 preferably with described axle interference fit.Described bearing unit 8 preferably includes two groups the are symmetricly set in described planar plate members respectively left and right sides relative to the center line of described planar plate members.
When described slip carrier coordinates with described outside plate, the axle 21 on top is placed in the bearing groove on described outside plate, the bearing 23 of described bearing unit 8 can be attached on described outside plate, and when slip carrier 3 is in running order, the form that bearing 23 slides can effectively reduce friction.Meanwhile, because slip carrier 3 hangs in groove 17, due to the moment of Action of Gravity Field generation, disturbance may occur below it, component 8, due to himself weight, can effectively prevent this interference.
The lower end of described planar plate members is connected with signal generation component, for producing different signals according to the displacement size of described planar plate members on described bearing groove.By measuring the hydrophobic performance of described brassboard to the sensing of above-mentioned signal.Further, described signal generator comprises thimble 9, and described thimble is arranged on immediately below described planar plate members, and is fixedly connected with described planar plate members.Described experimental provision also comprises resistance strain gage, and the motion of described thimble 9 acts on described resistance strain gage, thus produces electric signal according to the displacement of described thimble, tests the hydrophobic performance of described brassboard according to described electric signal.
When current flow through drag reduction experimental provision, can produce frictional resistance, the reaction force acts of this power is on steel plate, and make steel plate come on flow path direction stressed, this power makes dull and stereotyped coming flow path direction moves, and produces displacement.Because assay plate and slip carrier link together, then the thimble web member being connected to slip carrier bottom can move generation displacement together with assay plate, so thimble will act on resistance strain gage, makes thin slice produce deformation, forms stress and strain.This strain is exported by strain amplifier, changes mechanical signal into electrical signal.
The embodiment of the present invention in use, slip carrier is embedded in the bearing groove inside outside plate by the axle being located thereon end, blower inlet casing, outside plate are all fixed by screws on bracing frame, two stalloys are welded on the lower surface of bracing frame, and stalloy is linked together by the bottom of screw and tank.When current in tank flow through brassboard, due to the frictional resistance between brassboard surface and water, thimble is made to produce predetermined displacement, this displacement acts on resistance strain gage can produce corresponding stress in corresponding position on described resistance strain gage, dull and stereotyped frictional resistance can be conversed by measuring the electric signal exported based on above-mentioned stress, thus reach requirement of experiment.
The experimental provision of the embodiment of the present invention, have structure simple, quick detachable, directly can measure feature compared with tablet resistance to flow.
The embodiment of the present invention can industrially be applied, and possesses industrial applicibility.
It should be noted that, the embodiment of the present invention is only the citing to optimal technical scheme of the present invention.Every the embodiment of the present invention is simply replaced, revise or deletes under design of the present invention all not should be understood to beyond design of the present invention, thus should to include within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an experimental provision, for measuring dull and stereotyped frictional resistance in current, it is characterized in that, described experimental provision comprises: blower inlet casing, outside plate, slip carrier, bracing frame and base;
Described blower inlet casing, be arranged on upstream end thereof and the downstream end of the fluid flow direction of described experimental provision, blower inlet casing is connected with bracing frame;
Support frame as described above, for carrying all parts of described experimental provision; Support frame as described above is formed as rectangle frame, and described blower inlet casing is separately positioned on the outside of described rectangle frame, and described outside plate is arranged at the inner side of described rectangle frame;
Described outside plate, for carrying described slip carrier; Described outside plate is formed as rectangle, is removably fixedly connected with support frame as described above; Described outside plate comprises front outside plate, described front outside plate is arranged before support frame as described above, described front outside plate is provided with rectangular aperture, the overthe openings of described front outside plate is provided with bearing groove, described bearing groove extends back from the medial surface of described front outside plate, and described bearing groove allows described upper axle to slide in left-right direction in described bearing groove for the upper axle carrying slip carrier; The opening left and right sides of described outside plate arranges limited post, by the range of movement of the spacing described slip carrier of the carrier that slides described in limited post backstop; The below of described opening is provided with web member, and described web member is provided with resistance strain gage, and described resistance strain gage coordinates with the thimble that slip carrier is arranged and the conversion of motion of slip carrier is electric signal thus senses the motion of slip carrier;
Described slip carrier comprises planar plate members; The front surface upper end of described planar plate members is fixedly installed head bearing, and described head bearing is provided with axle; The middle part of described planar plate members is provided with intermediate openings, and the periphery of described intermediate openings is provided with first group of brassboard web member, and the brassboard being used for testing is connected with described slip carrier by described first group of brassboard web member; The bottom of described planar plate members is provided with lower bearing unit, and described lower bearing unit is arranged on the front surface of described planar plate members, and described lower bearing unit is connected by the front surface of shaft coupling piece with described planar plate members; Described shaft coupling piece is arranged perpendicular to the front surface of described planar plate members, and the outside surface of one end and described planar plate members is fixed, and the other end connects lower shaft; One end of described lower shaft other end that is connected with described shaft coupling piece is arranged with bearing; The lower end of described planar plate members is provided with thimble, described thimble is arranged on immediately below described planar plate members, and be fixedly connected with described planar plate members, the motion of described thimble acts on described resistance strain gage, thus produces electric signal according to the displacement of described thimble;
Described base, is arranged on the lower surface of support frame as described above, comprises stationary installation, by described stationary installation, described experimental provision is installed location in test environment.
2. experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described blower inlet casing, described experimental provision comprises two and is separately symmetrical arranged blower inlet casing, the xsect of each blower inlet casing is formed as the shaped form that aspect ratio is 2, or the xsect of described blower inlet casing is formed as knuckle type; Described blower inlet casing after adopting the long corrosion resistant plate of 4.9MM thick * 174MM to be processed by roll bending machine again by two blocks of bending steel plates by being made of welded connection.
3. the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that, described lower bearing unit comprises two groups, is symmetricly set in the left and right sides of described planar plate members respectively relative to the center line of described planar plate members.
4. the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described outside plate also comprises rear outside plate, and described front outside plate and described rear outside plate are oppositely arranged, and are connected between described front outside plate with described rear outside plate by steel column.
5. the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, the size of described brassboard web member is set to, when on the bearing groove that the described slip carrier being fixed with brassboard hangs on described outside plate for testing the hydrophobic property of described brassboard time, the size of described brassboard web member makes the outside surface of the outside surface of described brassboard and outside plate at grade.
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CN108645598A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-12 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of device for studying super hydrophobic surface Drag Reduction rule under different fluidised forms |
CN110132837A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of synchronous measuring apparatus and method for underwater planar surface frictional resistance |
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Cited By (9)
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CN105004466A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-10-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | High-precision non-contact pneumatic frictional resistance measuring method and measuring device |
CN105387993A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Testing apparatus for fluid resistance performance of flat plate surface |
CN107314835A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | Flat-plate drag test device is used in one kind experiment |
CN107314835B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | A kind of experiment flat-plate drag test device |
CN106895957A (en) * | 2017-04-09 | 2017-06-27 | 北京工业大学 | One kind is for disc type experimental provision in micro groove slip drag reduction PIV experiment |
CN106895957B (en) * | 2017-04-09 | 2019-06-07 | 北京工业大学 | One kind is for disc type experimental provision in micro groove sliding drag reduction PIV experiment |
CN108645598A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-12 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of device for studying super hydrophobic surface Drag Reduction rule under different fluidised forms |
CN108645598B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2020-05-05 | 江苏理工学院 | Device for researching flow resistance reduction law of super-hydrophobic surface under different flow states |
CN110132837A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of synchronous measuring apparatus and method for underwater planar surface frictional resistance |
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