CN107307254A - 一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107307254A CN107307254A CN201710727727.3A CN201710727727A CN107307254A CN 107307254 A CN107307254 A CN 107307254A CN 201710727727 A CN201710727727 A CN 201710727727A CN 107307254 A CN107307254 A CN 107307254A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,其每1000重量份饮料由以下重量份的原料制成:10~15份川贝母,5~10份桔梗,6~12份百部,5~10份桑白皮,10~15份橄榄,5~10份甜杏仁,20~30份批把叶,5~10份菊花,10~15份蒲公英,5~10份连翘,20~30份雪梨,3~5份调配料,余量为水。本发明还公开了润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料的制备方法,主要采用原料粉碎酶解、微生物发酵、超声波逆流提取、调配、均质、过滤、微孔膜过滤为主要步骤制成。本发明中草药原料来源广,价格低廉,配方科学合理,制备工艺简单,提取中草药功能性成分高,产品安全环保,对人体无任何副作用,润肺止咳效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种保健饮料,尤其涉及一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料及其制备方法,属于饮料加工技术领域。
背景技术
饮料是现代人们生活消费的重要组成。目前我国饮料市场以碳酸饮料、果汁饮料及功能性饮料为主,在一定程度上满足了消费者的需求,但随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高,特别是随着生活节奏的加快及生活压力的增加,饮料市场结构发生了明显的变化,原来备受推崇的碳酸饮料逐渐退烧,人们对饮料的选择开始讲究从营养和口味到对其保健功能及辅助治疗作用提出了更高的要求。因此,保健饮料迅速崛起,成为市场新的主力军。但目前保健饮料存在产品种类单一,功能有效成分低,保健效果不显著,产品不能满足不同消费者群体的需求等问题。因此,开发具有保健功能口感良好的纯天然保健饮料是一项非常有意义的工作。
中草药是我国传统文化的瑰宝,在实践中证明多种中草药具有促进新陈代谢,改善血液循环,润肺止咳,化痰平喘,生津润燥,清热除湿,养阴降火,养心敛汗,生津止渴,清肺热化痰湿,顺气化瘀排毒,化气利水健脾等功效。因此,将中草药应用于保健饮料对于提高国民生活质量,保障生活安全具有十分重要的意义,但目前具有润肺止咳中草药保健饮料尚未实现规模化和产业化,主要问题是中草药配伍不合理、功能成分提取率低、难以工业化生产、功效差、口味差等弊端,因此开发新型的润肺止咳中草药保健饮料具有重要的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于根据现有润肺止咳保健饮料产品和制备技术存在的上述问题,采用无毒的纯生态药材和食品原料配制,开发一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,该保健饮料营养丰富,保健价值高,无任何毒副作用,含有大量黄酮、多糖、生物碱、甙类、挥发油、维生素、有机酸、微量元素、氨基酸等功能因子,具有润肺止咳,化痰平喘,生津润燥,清热除湿,养阴降火,养心敛汗,生津止渴,清肺热化痰湿,顺气化瘀排毒,化气利水健脾等功效。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,其每1000重量份饮料由以下重量份的原料制成:10~15份川贝母,5~10份桔梗,6~12份百部,5~10份桑白皮,10~15份橄榄,5~10份甜杏仁,20~30份批把叶,5~10份菊花,10~15份蒲公英,5~10份连翘,20~30份雪梨,3~5份调配料,余量为水。
作为优选,所述的调配料各组分的质量百分含量为:10~15%甜叶菊糖,5~10%低聚果糖,10~15%麦芽糖醇,5~10%木糖醇,5~10%柠檬酸,5~10%乳酸钙,4~8%牛磺酸,3~5%山梨酸钾,余量为蜂蜜。调配料可以改善中草药保健饮料的口感,多种调配料互补,可以满足不同人群的需求。
本发明一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)备料:剔除中草药原料中的杂质,霉变和生虫原料后,按照上述比例备料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
①雪梨处理:向清洗后的雪梨加入2~3倍水,匀浆,按1.5~2.5 g/L比例加入果胶酶,40~50 ℃条件下,酶解60~75 min;
②其余原料处理:将清洗后烘干后其余中草药原材料清洗干净,在60~75 ℃下,鼓风烘干后,粉碎机粉碎,过40~80目筛,混匀,得复合中草药原料;
(3)酶解:将步骤(2)所得复合中草药原料加水至固液比1:4~6,按2.0~3.0 g/L、2.0~4.0 g/L、2.0~3.0 g/L比例分别添加非淀粉多糖酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶,在400~600 W超声波辅助作用下,在40~50 ℃条件下协同酶解60~90 min;
(4)微生物发酵:向步骤(3)所得酶解浸提液中加入5~8%活化后的双歧杆菌(活菌数≥200亿/ml),厌氧条件下发酵10~15 h,控制发酵温度28~35 ℃;
(5)过滤:发酵结束后过100~150目滤布得提取液和固体残渣;
(6)超声逆流提取:将步骤(5)得到的固体残渣,加入3~5倍的50~60%乙醇,放入超声连续逆流提取机中,在400~600 W超声波辅助作用下,逆流提取90~120 min后,过100~150目滤布得提取液。滤渣按同样方法进行超声连续逆流提取一次,合并两次提取液;
(7)减压浓缩:将步骤(6)所得的提取液在温度50~60 ℃下,真空度-0.06~-0.08 MPa下进行减压蒸馏,回收中草药提取液中的乙醇至无醇味,得到去除乙醇中草药提取液;
(8)调配:将配方中所述的调配料用热水溶解后,与步骤(5)所得发酵浸提液和步骤(7)所得去除乙醇中草药提取液合并搅拌混匀,然后用50~60 ℃纯净水定容,经150~200目滤布过滤除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(9)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力20~30 MPa,温度50~60 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(10)精滤:将步骤(9)均质后的饮料先经250~300目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(11)微孔膜过滤:用孔径为1.5 μm的微孔膜过滤精滤的浸提液即得润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料;
(12)无菌灌装封口:在无菌灌装生产线中灌装封口。
本发明提供一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,结合配方中各中草药的特性,采用中医辨证理论所研制,配方科学合理,各组分之间协同作用,产品具有中草药特有的清香味,口感醇厚,味感柔和,汁液清澈明亮,无杂质无异味。产品中可溶性固形物≥50 g/L,总砷(以As计)≤0.3 mg/L,铅(以Pb计)≤0.3 mg/L,菌落总数≤80 cfu/mL,大肠菌群≤35 MPN/L,霉菌≤10 cfu/mL,酵母≤10 cfu/mL,无致病菌检出,其他各项指标符合国家相关规定要求。按照食品安全国家标准有关规定对本发明产品作急性经口毒性试验,遗传毒性试验,慢性毒性试验,生殖发育毒性试验和致畸试验等毒理学试验及安全性评价,试验结果表明本发明产品符合食品安全国家标准,因此确定本发明产品属无毒类食品,可以安全放心食用。本产品含有大量黄酮、多糖、生物碱、甙类、挥发油、维生素、有机酸、微量元素、氨基酸等功能因子,经长期使用证明本发明不仅具有润肺止咳,化痰平喘,生津润燥,清热除湿,养阴降火,养心敛汗,生津止渴,清肺热化痰湿,顺气化瘀排毒,化气利水健脾等功效,是一种保健作用显著、绿色环保的健康饮料。
本发明的优势在于:(1)采用中医辨证理论配伍使用了无毒的纯生态药材和食品原料配制,产品安全环保,对人体无任何副作用;(2)与中草药简单浸泡提取相比,本发明采用通过原料粉碎酶解、微生物发酵,超声波逆流提取,提高中草药功能性成分,润肺止咳功效显著;(3)产品添加了多种调配料,改善产品适口性好,选用甜叶菊糖、低聚果糖、麦芽糖醇、木糖醇替代了传统甜味剂,更利于人体健康;(4)本发明中原料来源广,价格低廉,生产加工工艺简单,适合规模化生产。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明做进一步的描述。在本发明中,若非特指,所有百分比均为重量单位,所有设备和原料均可从市场购得或是本行业常用的,下述实施例中的方法,如无特别说明,均为本领域常规方法。
实施例1
一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,由川贝母,桔梗,百部,桑白皮,橄榄,甜杏仁,批把叶,菊花,蒲公英,连翘,雪梨和调配料制成。中草药保健饮料中各组分的具体配比如表1所示,中草药保健饮料中调配料的具体配方如表2所示。
本发明一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)备料:剔除中草药原料中的杂质,霉变和生虫原料后,按照上述比例备料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
①雪梨处理:向清洗后的雪梨加入2倍水,匀浆,按1.8 g/L比例加入果胶酶,48 ℃条件下,酶解70 min;
②其余原料处理:将清洗后烘干后其余中草药原材料清洗干净,在60 ℃下,鼓风烘干后,粉碎机粉碎,过80目筛,混匀,得复合中草药原料;
(3)酶解:将步骤(2)所得复合中草药原料加水至固液比1:6,按2.5 g/L、3.5 g/L、2.5g/L比例分别添加非淀粉多糖酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶,在450 W超声波辅助作用下,在45 ℃条件下协同酶解65 min;
(4)微生物发酵:向步骤(3)所得酶解浸提液中加入6%活化后的双歧杆菌(活菌数≥200亿/ml),厌氧条件下发酵12 h,控制发酵温度32 ℃;
(5)过滤:发酵结束后过100目滤布得提取液和固体残渣;
(6)超声逆流提取:将步骤(5)得到的固体残渣,加入4倍的58%乙醇,放入超声连续逆流提取机中,在550 W超声波辅助作用下,逆流提取95 min后,过150目滤布得提取液。滤渣按同样方法进行超声连续逆流提取一次,合并两次提取液;
(7)减压浓缩:将步骤(6)所得的提取液在温度50 ℃下,真空度-0.07 MPa下进行减压蒸馏,回收中草药提取液中的乙醇至无醇味,得到去除乙醇中草药提取液;
(8)调配:将配方中所述的调配料用热水溶解后,与步骤(5)所得发酵浸提液和步骤(7)所得去除乙醇中草药提取液合并搅拌混匀,然后用55 ℃纯净水定容,经150目滤布过滤除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(9)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力25 MPa,温度52 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(10)精滤:将步骤(9)均质后的饮料先经250目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(11)微孔膜过滤:用孔径为1.5 μm的微孔膜过滤精滤的浸提液即得润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料;
(12)无菌灌装封口:在无菌灌装生产线中灌装封口。
实施例2
一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,由川贝母,桔梗,百部,桑白皮,橄榄,甜杏仁,批把叶,菊花,蒲公英,连翘,雪梨和调配料制成。中草药保健饮料中各组分的具体配比如表1所示,中草药保健饮料中调配料的具体配方如表2所示。
本发明一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)备料:剔除中草药原料中的杂质,霉变和生虫原料后,按照上述比例备料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
①雪梨处理:向清洗后的雪梨加入2.5倍水,匀浆,按2.1 g/L比例加入果胶酶,42 ℃条件下,酶解65 min;
②其余原料处理:将清洗后烘干后其余中草药原材料清洗干净,在65 ℃下,鼓风烘干后,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛,混匀,得复合中草药原料;
(3)酶解:将步骤(2)所得复合中草药原料加水至固液比1:6,按2.0 g/L、2.5 g/L、2.0g/L比例分别添加非淀粉多糖酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶,在550 W超声波辅助作用下,在42 ℃条件下协同酶解75 min;
(4)微生物发酵:向步骤(3)所得酶解浸提液中加入5%活化后的双歧杆菌(活菌数≥200亿/ml),厌氧条件下发酵14 h,控制发酵温度34 ℃;
(5)过滤:发酵结束后过150目滤布得提取液和固体残渣;
(6)超声逆流提取:将步骤(5)得到的固体残渣,加入3倍的55%乙醇,放入超声连续逆流提取机中,在450 W超声波辅助作用下,逆流提取115 min后,过100目滤布得提取液。滤渣按同样方法进行超声连续逆流提取一次,合并两次提取液;
(7)减压浓缩:将步骤(6)所得的提取液在温度55 ℃下,真空度-0.06 MPa下进行减压蒸馏,回收中草药提取液中的乙醇至无醇味,得到去除乙醇中草药提取液;
(8)调配:将配方中所述的调配料用热水溶解后,与步骤(5)所得发酵浸提液和步骤(7)所得去除乙醇中草药提取液合并搅拌混匀,然后用50 ℃纯净水定容,经200目滤布过滤除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(9)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力30 MPa,温度58 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(10)精滤:将步骤(9)均质后的饮料先经300目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(11)微孔膜过滤:用孔径为1.5 μm的微孔膜过滤精滤的浸提液即得润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料;
(12)无菌灌装封口:在无菌灌装生产线中灌装封口。
实施例3
一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,由川贝母,桔梗,百部,桑白皮,橄榄,甜杏仁,批把叶,菊花,蒲公英,连翘,雪梨和调配料制成。中草药保健饮料中各组分的具体配比如表1所示,中草药保健饮料中调配料的具体配方如表2所示。
本发明一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)备料:剔除中草药原料中的杂质,霉变和生虫原料后,按照上述比例备料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
①雪梨处理:向清洗后的雪梨加入3倍水,匀浆,按2.4 g/L比例加入果胶酶,45 ℃条件下,酶解75 min;
②其余原料处理:将清洗后烘干后其余中草药原材料清洗干净,在70 ℃下,鼓风烘干后,粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛,混匀,得复合中草药原料;
(3)酶解:将步骤(2)所得复合中草药原料加水至固液比1:4,按3.0 g/L、3.0 g/L、3.0g/L比例分别添加非淀粉多糖酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶,在400~600 W超声波辅助作用下,在48 ℃条件下协同酶解85 min;
(4)微生物发酵:向步骤(3)所得酶解浸提液中加入7%活化后的双歧杆菌(活菌数≥200亿/ml),厌氧条件下发酵13 h,控制发酵温度30 ℃;
(5)过滤:发酵结束后过120目滤布得提取液和固体残渣;
(6)超声逆流提取:将步骤(5)得到的固体残渣,加入5倍的52%乙醇,放入超声连续逆流提取机中,在500 W超声波辅助作用下,逆流提取105 min后,过120目滤布得提取液。滤渣按同样方法进行超声连续逆流提取一次,合并两次提取液;
(7)减压浓缩:将步骤(6)所得的提取液在温度60 ℃下,真空度-0.08 MPa下进行减压蒸馏,回收中草药提取液中的乙醇至无醇味,得到去除乙醇中草药提取液;
(8)调配:将配方中所述的调配料用热水溶解后,与步骤(5)所得发酵浸提液和步骤(7)所得去除乙醇中草药提取液合并搅拌混匀,然后用60 ℃纯净水定容,经150目滤布过滤除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(9)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力20 MPa,温度55 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(10)精滤:将步骤(9)均质后的饮料先经280目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(11)微孔膜过滤:用孔径为1.5 μm的微孔膜过滤精滤的浸提液即得润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料;
(12)无菌灌装封口:在无菌灌装生产线中灌装封口。
表1 各实施例中草药保健饮料中各组分的具体配比
序号 | 组分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
1 | 川贝母(份) | 13 | 11 | 14 |
2 | 桔梗(份) | 9 | 8 | 7 |
3 | 百部(份) | 9 | 11 | 7 |
4 | 桑白皮(份) | 9 | 8 | 7 |
5 | 橄榄(份) | 11 | 12 | 14 |
6 | 甜杏仁(份) | 9 | 8 | 7 |
7 | 批把叶(份) | 26 | 24 | 28 |
8 | 菊花(份) | 8 | 9 | 7 |
9 | 蒲公英(份) | 11 | 14 | 12 |
10 | 连翘(份) | 6 | 8 | 9 |
11 | 雪梨(份) | 22 | 24 | 26 |
12 | 调配料(份) | 4 | 3 | 5 |
13 | 总和(份) | 137 | 140 | 143 |
表2 各实施例中草药保健饮料中调配料的具体配方
序号 | 组分 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
1 | 甜叶菊糖(%) | 12 | 11 | 13 |
2 | 低聚果糖(%) | 9 | 8 | 7 |
3 | 麦芽糖醇(%) | 12 | 14 | 13 |
4 | 木糖醇(%) | 6 | 8 | 7 |
5 | 柠檬酸(%) | 9 | 7 | 8 |
6 | 乳酸钙(%) | 6 | 8 | 9 |
7 | 牛磺酸(%) | 6 | 5 | 7 |
8 | 山梨酸钾(%) | 3 | 4 | 5 |
9 | 蜂蜜(%) | 37 | 35 | 31 |
10 | 总和(%) | 100 | 100 | 100 |
尽管为达到说明目的,以上所述为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,其特征在于,每1000重量份饮料由以下重量份的原料制成:10~15份川贝母,5~10份桔梗,6~12份百部,5~10份桑白皮,10~15份橄榄,5~10份甜杏仁,20~30份批把叶,5~10份菊花,10~15份蒲公英,5~10份连翘,20~30份雪梨,3~5份调配料,余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料,其特征在于,所述的调配料各组分的质量百分含量为:10~15%甜叶菊糖,5~10%低聚果糖,10~15%麦芽糖醇,5~10%木糖醇,5~10%柠檬酸,5~10%乳酸钙,4~8%牛磺酸,3~5%山梨酸钾,余量为蜂蜜。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:剔除中草药原料中的杂质,霉变和生虫原料后,按照上述比例备料;
(2)原料预处理:根据原料的不同特性分别进行原料预处理:
①雪梨处理:向清洗后的雪梨加入2~3倍水,匀浆,按1.5~2.5 g/L比例加入果胶酶,40~50 ℃条件下,酶解60~75 min;
②其余原料处理:将清洗后烘干后其余中草药原材料清洗干净,在60~75 ℃下,鼓风烘干后,粉碎机粉碎,过40~80目筛,混匀,得复合中草药原料;
(3)酶解:将步骤(2)所得复合中草药原料加水至固液比1:4~6,按2.0~3.0 g/L、2.0~4.0 g/L、2.0~3.0 g/L比例分别添加非淀粉多糖酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶,在400~600 W超声波辅助作用下,在40~50 ℃条件下协同酶解60~90 min;
(4)微生物发酵:向步骤(3)所得酶解浸提液中加入5~8%活化后的双歧杆菌(活菌数≥200亿/ml),厌氧条件下发酵10~15 h,控制发酵温度28~35 ℃;
(5)过滤:发酵结束后过100~150目滤布得提取液和固体残渣;
(6)超声逆流提取:将步骤(5)得到的固体残渣,加入3~5倍的50~60%乙醇,放入超声连续逆流提取机中,在400~600 W超声波辅助作用下,逆流提取90~120 min后,过100~150目滤布得提取液,滤渣按同样方法进行超声连续逆流提取一次,合并两次提取液;
(7)减压浓缩:将步骤(6)所得的提取液在温度50~60 ℃下,真空度-0.06~-0.08 MPa下进行减压蒸馏,回收中草药提取液中的乙醇至无醇味,得到去除乙醇中草药提取液;
(8)调配:将配方中所述的调配料用热水溶解后,与步骤(5)所得发酵浸提液和步骤(7)所得去除乙醇中草药提取液合并搅拌混匀,然后用50~60 ℃纯净水定容,经150~200目滤布过滤除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(9)均质:将调配好的饮料放置在均质机中,在均质压力20~30 MPa,温度50~60 ℃下均质,使各种营养成分均匀化,防止产品出现分层沉淀,使产品稳定性得到进一步的保障;
(10)精滤:将步骤(9)均质后的饮料先经250~300目双联过滤器过滤,再经硅藻过滤机精滤以除去其中的杂质及不溶物;
(11)微孔膜过滤:用孔径为1.5 μm的微孔膜过滤精滤的浸提液即得润肺止咳川贝中草药保健饮料;
(12)无菌灌装封口:在无菌灌装生产线中灌装封口。
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