A kind of method that the high-knock rating gasoline rich in BTX is produced by heavy aromatics
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy aromatics field of comprehensive utilization, and in particular to a kind of to produce the higher octane rich in BTX by heavy aromatics
It is worth the method for gasoline.
Background technology
The carbon that heavy aromatics refers to the chemical process by-product such as the oil refining process such as catalytic reforming, disproportionation, isomerization and cracking of ethylene is former
The aromatic hydrocarbons of subnumber nine and the above.Because crude oil in poor quality and degree of heaviness are constantly deepened, heavy oil product lighting produces lightweight
Oil product is trend of the times.Heavy aromatics is a kind of valuable petrochemical industry resource, but its number of components is more, and isomer is more, separation
Difficulty is big;And heavy aromatics easy coking in process, difficulty of processing is very big.
The toluene disproportionation and transalkylation technology of existing more maturation is mainly processing C9Heavy aromatics based on aromatic hydrocarbons.C9
Heavy aromatics above with primary fuel or is blended in sale in diesel oil more, has not only polluted environment but also waste of resource.Therefore, major researchs
Mechanism, which is devoted to exploitation, can handle C9The hydrogenation lighting technique of above heavy aromatics.
RIPP heavy aromatics one-step method hydrogenation lighting technology, 360~460 DEG C of reaction temperature, reaction pressure 1~
3MPa, 1~3h of weight (hourly) space velocity (WHSV)-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 500~1500:1, heavy aromatics is converted into the light aromatics such as BTX.But, liquid
Only 85% or so is received, alkyl loss is larger, ethyl, propyl group fracture have been hydrogenated to ethane and propane.The technics comparing is fatal
Defect be raw material with C9And C10Based on, C11And above feed stock conversion is relatively low.To find out its cause, to ensure that it is not excessive full that liquid is received
And aromatic ring, the reaction pressure used is relatively low, and on this condition, condensed-nuclei aromatics open loop is more difficult, therefore reaction conversion ratio
It is relatively low, and toluene is compared with heavy aromatics disproportionation and transalkylation technology, without competitive advantage.
Due to a step lighting be difficult take into account catalyst stability and light aromatics selectivity, two step lighting methods meet the tendency of and
It is raw.Heavy aromatics is carried out monocyclic heavy aromatics and lightweight by the B of CN 104447159 by transalkylation reactor under conditions of non-hydrogen
The transalkylation reaction of aromatic hydrocarbons, realizes monocyclic heavy aromatics lighting and avoids mononuclear aromatics from being hydrogenated with saturation, alkyl turns to greatest extent
The cut for moving product mid-boiling point >=178 DEG C enters hydrogenation reactor progress hydrogenation lighting, and final realize improves heavy aromatics conversion
While rate and liquid receipts, voluminous high added value Mixed XYLENE and C9The purpose of aromatic fraction.The shortcoming of this method is to need additionally
Benzene, the toluene of addition, generate BTX unfavorable to second step lighting, it is also possible to the hydrogenation saturation loss in lighting reaction;More
Fatal, heavy aromatics is under first step conditions of non-hydrogen, easily coking, heavy aromatics boiling range is become weight on the contrary, it more difficult to handle.
Heavy aromatics is carried out condensed-nuclei aromatics selective hydrogenation in selective hydrogenation reactor first and opened by the B of CN 104357084
Ring reacts, and condensed-nuclei aromatics is become the mononuclear aromatics with alkyl side chain, and product enters lighting reactor, entered in a hydrogen atmosphere
The transalkylation reaction and non-aromatic cracking and aromatization of the monocyclic heavy aromatics of row and light aromatics, it is final to realize Gao Chong simultaneously
Aromatics conversion rate and high aromatic hydrocarbons purity and voluminous high added value Mixed XYLENE and C9The purpose of aromatic fraction.CN 104357083
B it is also proposed the thinking of similar double diffusion.Because also containing substantial amounts of monocyclic heavy aromatics, above-mentioned two sections in heavy aromatics raw material
The problem of lightening method still has aromatic hydrocarbons supersaturation, the condensed-nuclei aromatics selective hydrogenation pressure of the first step is higher or air speed
It is relatively low, monocyclic heavy aromatics supersaturation is easily caused for cycloalkane, and then open loop cracking, result is that liquid receipts are low, and aromatic hydrocarbons loss is big,
Produce the more intractable dry gas of low value, liquefied gas;But if first step condensed-nuclei aromatics selective hydrogenation pressure it is relatively low or
Air speed is larger, and condensed-nuclei aromatics selective hydrogenation degree is inadequate, it is impossible to open loop cracking and transalkylation, does not reach the mesh of lighting
, while can also influence the life-span of two-stage catalytic agent.
In summary, an either step lighting method or two sections of lighting methods, heavy aromatics raw material directly enter reactor,
To ensure catalyst stabilization operation, lighting reaction is carried out under high pressure and low-speed, and this is opened after resulting in aromatic hydrocarbons supersaturation
Ring crack, generates the dry gas and liquefied gas of a large amount of low values.For monocyclic heavy aromatics and condensed-nuclei aromatics, its suitable treatment conditions
Clearly it is very different, laying particular stress on high liquid receipts and light aromatics can selectively cause catalyst unstable, condensed-nuclei aromatics conversion
Rate is low.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be overcome prior art it is above-mentioned it is not enough there is provided a kind of loss of aromatic hydrocarbons it is small,
Liquid receives the high-octane rating vapour that BTX is rich in by heavy aromatics production that high, light aromatics selectively good and catalyst can be steadily in the long term
The method of oil.
The method that the present invention is produced the high-knock rating gasoline rich in BTX by heavy aromatics, this method includes:
(1) heavy aromatics is cut into light component based on monocyclic heavy aromatics and rich in condensed-nuclei aromatics with 218 DEG C first
Heavy constituent;
(2) heavy constituent enters selective hydrogenation reactor progress selective hydrogenation saturation and ring-opening reaction, is changed into monocyclic heavy
Aromatic hydrocarbons;
The light component that the product of (3) (2) steps is obtained with (1) step is mixed into lighting reactor and is hydrocracked
And transalkylation reaction, gasoline fraction of the generation rich in BTX lightweight mononuclear aromatics, by-product dry gas, liquefied gas;
Wherein described heavy aromatics refer to carbon number be more than or equal to nine single multi- PAH, monocyclic heavy aromatics refer to containing only
There is the heavy aromatics of a phenyl ring, condensed-nuclei aromatics refers to the heavy aromatics containing two and above phenyl ring.
According to the method described in the present invention, the reaction condition of preferably selecting property hydrogenation saturation and ring-opening reaction is:Reaction temperature
350~400 DEG C of degree, 3~6MPa of reaction pressure, 0.5~1.5h of weight (hourly) space velocity (WHSV)-1, hydrogen hydrocarbon volume ratio 500~1000;
It is hydrocracked the reaction condition with transalkylation reaction:380~430 DEG C of reaction temperature, 2~4MPa of reaction pressure,
1.5~3h of weight (hourly) space velocity (WHSV)-1。
The inventive method compared with prior art, with advantages below:
(1) heavy constituent that the inventive method cuts out heavy aromatics carries out selective hydrogenation open loop, it is ensured that two-stage catalytic
The stability of agent.
(2) light component that heavy aromatics is cut out in the inventive method does not enter selective hydrogenation reactor, reduces BTX etc.
The supersaturation of mononuclear aromatics, improves added value of product and liquid yield.
(3) the heavy aromatics cutting step involved by the inventive method is simple and easy to apply, and because light component is less, cost increase
Very little.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is produced the process chart of the method for the high-knock rating gasoline rich in BTX for the present invention by heavy aromatics.
In figure, 1 attaches most importance to aroamtic hydrocarbon raw material, and 2 be light component, and 3 be heavy constituent;4 be new hydrogen, and 5 be the production rich in monocyclic heavy aromatics
Thing, 6 be mixed oil and gas, and 7 be recycle hydrogen, and 8 be the lighting product rich in BTX, and I is fractionating column, and II is selective hydrogenation
Device, III is lighting reactor, and IV is gas-liquid separator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation row the inventive method is described further.
The present invention is produced to react to react in fixed bed hydrogenation in the method for the high-knock rating gasoline rich in BTX by heavy aromatics and filled
Put middle progress.Heavy aromatics raw material 1 enters in fractionating column I, is divided into light component 2 and heavy constituent 3 with 218 DEG C;Heavy constituent 3 and new hydrogen 4
Laggard selectable hydrogenation reactor II is mixed with recycle hydrogen 7 and occurs selective hydrogenation (open loop) reaction, and generation is rich in monocyclic heavy
The product 5 of aromatic hydrocarbons;Product 5 and light component 2 rich in monocyclic heavy aromatics enter lighting reactor III after mixing, and occur hydrogenation and split
The reaction such as change and transalkylation, generates mixed oil and gas 6;Mixed oil and gas 6 enter in gas-liquid separator IV, and liquid phase is rich in BTX's
Lighting product 8, hydrogen is isolated from the gas phase for containing dry gas, liquefied gas to be used to circulate as recycle hydrogen 7, dry gas, liquefaction
Gas is produced.Lighting product 8 rich in BTX can be used for extracting BTX, can also be used as high octane gasoline component.
Comparative example 1 and the embodiment of comparative example 2 attach most importance to aroamtic hydrocarbon raw material 1 without fractionating column I, mixed with new hydrogen 4 and recycle hydrogen 7
Close, without selective hydrogenation reactor II, be directly entered lighting reactor III;The embodiment of comparative example 3 is that heavy aromatics is former
Material is directly mixed with new hydrogen 4 and recycle hydrogen 71 without fractionating column I, after sequentially enter selective hydrogenation reactor II and lighting
Reactor III.
It is involved in the present invention to be defined as follows:
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Reactor II loads selective hydrocatalyst, the dress lightening catalyst of reactor III, selective hydrocatalyst
It is Y molecular sieve and alumina load 0.1%Pt with lightening catalyst, wherein selective hydrocatalyst molecular sieve content is
30%, lightening catalyst molecular sieve content 70%.
Heavy aromatics property used such as table 1, table 2.As can be seen that raw material end boiling range it is very heavy, condensed-nuclei aromatics content close to 50%,
But wherein still containing more than 40% monocyclic heavy aromatics.Because condensed-nuclei aromatics content is high, lighting condition is inevitable more harsh, if
The monocyclic heavy aromatics in this part is together processed, and is necessarily had substantial amounts of monocyclic heavy aromatics and is saturated to cycloalkane and loses.
The heavy aromatics boiling range of table 1
The heavy aromatics hydrocarbon system of table 2 constitutes
Hydro carbons is other |
Percentage composition |
Alkane |
2.5 |
One cycloalkane |
5.3 |
Bicyclic alkane |
0.1 |
Three cycloalkane |
0 |
Total cycloalkane |
5.4 |
Total saturated hydrocarbons |
7.9 |
Alkylbenzene |
23.5 |
Indane or naphthane |
14.9 |
Indene |
4.5 |
Total mononuclear aromatics |
42.9 |
Naphthalene |
0.3 |
Naphthalenes |
15.0 |
Acenaphthene class |
15.8 |
Acenaphthylene class |
10.0 |
Total double ring arene |
41.1 |
Thrcylic aromatic hydrocarbon |
8.1 |
Total aromatic hydrocarbons |
92.1 |
Summation |
100 |
Embodiment and comparative example condition such as table 3.
The reaction condition of table 3
Embodiment and comparative example experimental result are shown in Table 4.
The embodiment of table 4 and comparative example 1-3 experimental result (units:%)
As can be seen from Table 4, the comparative example 1 of a step lighting method is poor to heavy constituent conversion capability, and catalyst is unstable
Fixed, the condition does not have practical value.Improve the comparative example 2, C of pressure10 +Conversion ratio is significantly improved, and catalyst is also maintained preferably
Stability, but because pressure is improved, part mononuclear aromatics is hydrogenated saturation and then open loop cracking, generates and largely be difficult to store
With the dry gas, liquefied gas utilized, liquid is received low;Comparative example 3 employs two-stage method, and catalyst stability is better than a step lighting method,
C10 +Still there is very high BTX selectivity, liquid is received when conversion ratio is higher>90%.C in the raw material of comparative example 210 +Although conversion ratio with
Comparative example 3 is more or less the same, but combines C in liquid receipts comprehensive analysis, the raw material of comparative example 210 +Have quite a few generate a large amount of dry gas,
Liquefied gas, causes aromatic hydrocarbons loss more;And the liquid of comparative example 3 receives high, C10 +More it is converted into the light aromatics such as BTX and stays in liquid
In phase product, it is clear that the good economy performance of comparative example 3 is in comparative example 2.Using the embodiment of the method for the invention, catalyst stability
Preferably, C10 +Conversion ratio, BTX selectivity and liquid yield also highest.
It can be seen from experimental data the inventive method can Efficient Conversion heavy aromatics be the high-knock rating gasoline rich in BTX,
Have benefited from the fractionation processing of raw material, reduce aromatic hydrocarbons loss, reduce hydrogen consumption and dry gas, liquefied gas yield, improve BTX yield
And catalyst stability, it is a kind of heavy aromatics lightening method of optimization.