CN107278986A - A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated - Google Patents

A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107278986A
CN107278986A CN201710596660.4A CN201710596660A CN107278986A CN 107278986 A CN107278986 A CN 107278986A CN 201710596660 A CN201710596660 A CN 201710596660A CN 107278986 A CN107278986 A CN 107278986A
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knife
cultivated
anchovy
pond
water
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徐钢春
徐跑
聂志娟
于士明
顾树信
朱纪坤
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Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated; automatic collection ovum technology including knife long-tailed anchovy embryonated egg, using indoor cement hatchery, hatching density be 0.6 0.8 ten thousand embryonated eggs/square metre; high origin bait culture pond is set by hatchery, and Chi Ding installs illuminating lamp.The 5th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, the mode that the water of open-mouthed bait culture pond flows automatically is injected into running water technology pattern in hatchery, forming chamber, when knife tapertail anchovy seedling body length reaches more than 3 centimetres, outdoor earth pond cultivation is moved to.Earth pond ecological was cultivated after 2 March, when knife tapertail anchovy seedling body is up to 8 10 centimetres, point pool cultivated or sale.The present invention is become swap-in draining bolting silk specification according to the knife tapertail anchovy seedling puberty and is enriched with agreeable to the taste bait automatically using running water mode, and fry opening survival rate is high, growth is fast, and culture pond water stabilization.The indoor opening of use combines that outdoor large size seedling seed Cultivating techniques are practical, promotional value is big, and knife long-tailed anchovy scale breeding level, reduction seedling cost, the quality for improving fry can be achieved.

Description

A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, it is related to a kind of method of fry rearing, especially a kind of knife tapertail anchovy seedling Large-scale ecological breeding method.
Background technology
Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River belongs to breeding migration fish important in the Changjiang river, enjoys the good reputation first of " the Changjiang river three delicacies ", last century seven The flood season amount of fishing of the ten's Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River is once up to 4142 tons, once accounts for the 35%-50% of the Changjiang river fishes fishing quantity, and " spring eats River Dao " is important south of the River folk custom;In recent years, deteriorated by water area ecological environment, the factor such as overfishing and Water-related Project are built Influence, Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River migration Population drastically declines, has been difficult to form fishing season, and the age one of " appearance sees that receipts net is shown in silver-colored knife " goes not Return.2007, knife long-tailed anchovy was put into " the economic aquatic animals and plants resource register of special-protection-by-the-State " in the first batch(The People's Republic of China (PRC) The Ministry of Agriculture announces No. 948), Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River amount of fishing in 2012 is down to all-tine low, only 57.5 tons.At present, with natural Knife long-tailed anchovy stock number falls sharply, Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River price it is abnormal it is high not under, or even there is the awkward situation of " sky-high price Dao fishes ", price raises up and entered One step exacerbates catching intensity, to avoid the track of an overturned cart for following the Changjiang river hilsa herring, although having broken through the artificial propagation techniques of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River, And with the maturation progressively promoted with seed enhancement releasing technology of knife long-tailed anchovy cultural technique, the demand to seed increasingly increases, Knife long-tailed anchovy scale rearing of fingerling in the urgent need to address, the sustainable development and knife long-tailed anchovy for promoting Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River aquaculture is naturally provided The recovery in source.
The artificial breeding of knife long-tailed anchovy is problem generally acknowledged in the industry, and survival rate of seedling is relatively low always, particularly seed rearing process In prelarva opening stage, it is dead easily to occur high-volume, now prelarva from yolk Inner nutrition is absorbed, to be converted to intake artificial After the exogenous nutritions such as the biological feed of culture, bait of ingesting is not agreeable to the taste, bait is not enough or the shortage of some nutriments is to cause A dead major reason of seed high-volume.In addition, cultivating the index of correlation of each link for knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological Parameter, does not form a set of detailed technical system, and the refinement specification of seed rearing is not set up yet.Therefore, compel Be essential will one kind can provide enough agreeable to the taste open-mouthed baits in the knife tapertail anchovy seedling large-scale cultivation stage, can reduce again operation stress Practical technique, to improve the aperture opening ratio and survival rate of knife tapertail anchovy seedling and reduce production cost, further promotes knife long-tailed anchovy nursery industry Large-scale development.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for knife long-tailed anchovy fry initial feed problem and the deficiencies in the prior art, really Determine the supply mode of the most suitable open-mouthed bait of fry, propose a kind of high density of knife tapertail anchovy seedling, large-scale ecological breeding method.
The present invention to achieve the above object, is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1)Fish-egg is gathered:By the end of April to the automation of the first tenday period of a month in May, scale collecting knife tapertail anchovy ovum;
(2)Indoor hatching:With hatching in outer pool water indoors cement hatchery to the knife tapertail anchovy ovum of collection;
(3)Set up bait culture pond:Batch Brachionus calyciflorus, cladocera are cultivated in bait culture pond;
(4)Running water technology:Water formation fine bourn containing Brachionus calyciflorus, cladocera in bait culture pond is flowed into hatching Pond, carries out the cultivation of knife tapertail anchovy seedling;
(5)Transfer is cultivated:When reaching more than 3 centimetres Deng knife tapertail anchovy seedling body length, outdoor earth pond cultivation is transferred to;
(6)Tu Chi is cultivated:Knife tapertail anchovy seedling buries behind pond, is cultivated using eel powder;Enter earth pond ecological to cultivate after the 2-3 months, Knife tapertail anchovy seedling body long size is up to 8-10 centimetres, you can point pool cultivated or sale.
It is further characterized by:The step(2)In middle indoor cement hatchery hatching density be 0.6-0.8 ten thousand by Smart ovum/square metre.
Further:The step(3)The bait culture pond water of middle entrance cement hatchery passes through silk cover filtering;
The 5th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, the mode that the water of bait culture pond flows automatically is injected into hatchery, 80 mesh sieves of intake Thin,tough silk wrap up, while open hatchery water outlet pipe, mouth of a river bolting silk be 150 mesh, formed miniflow aqueous mode, flow be 10 cubic metres/ Hour, it is ensured that bait culture pond Brachionus calyciflorus amount reaches 5/more than mL;
The 10th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, bait culture pond intake bolting silk changes 40 mesh, hatchery delivery port bolting silk into and changes 80 into Mesh, flow reaches 20 cubes ms/h;
The 15th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, bait culture pond intake bolting silk changes 10 mesh, hatchery delivery port bolting silk into and changes 40 into Mesh, flow is kept for 20 cubes ms/h.
It is preferred that:The step(1)Fish-egg collection is using preferred 100 grams/fish of raun of the same age, more than 75 grams/fish rule of milter The knife long-tailed anchovy parent population of lattice carries out 2-5 × 667 square metre pond reinforced cultivating;Add 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk automation collection ovum skill using 6 inch water pumps Art, while cleaning knife tapertail anchovy ovum 5-8 times using 10 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, aeration underground water filtering.
The step(2)The hatchery selection area of indoor hatching is 30-50 square metres, the room that the depth of water is 0.4-0.6 meters Interior cement pit, hatchery surrounding bottom micro-pore oxygenation, air-flow size is stirred and is advisable up and down slightly with water;Hatchery delivery port is Pull out tube designs.
The step(3)Middle bait cultivation pool area is 200-300 square metres, the cement pit that pond depth is 1.2-1.6 meters, auxiliary To install 5-6 incandescent lamp/ponds, intensity of illumination 1000LX/ lamps.First day in knife long-tailed anchovy incubating oosperm of the bait culture pond Injection contains 102-103The rich water of individual/mL chlorella and a small amount of Brachionus calyciflorus is to 1.0 meters;Simultaneously by 100 grams/cubic metre Organic fertilizer of the amount addition through the fermentation sterilization of EM bacterium cultivated batch Brachionus calyciflorus, cladocera, every 5 days plus 1 organic fertilizer.
The step(5)The outdoor earth pond mud thickness that transfer is cultivated is 9-12 centimetres, 1.5-2.0 meters of water depth, and area is 3-5 × 667 square metre, knife long-tailed anchovy fry rearing density is tail/667 square metre of 2-5 ten thousand.The Tu Chi enters before seedling and does pool exposure 3-5 After it, thrown in 100-200kg/667 square metres of ratio and spread quick lime, while adding water to 10-20 centimetres, sterilized 7 days.
The step(6)Tu Chi cultivates eel powder in the ratio in 5-7kg/667 square metres of day, adds water after stirring Full pool spilling head, delivers 1kg/667 square metres of effective microorganisms(EM) every other day.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the advantages that:
1st, swap-in draining bolting silk specification is become according to the knife tapertail anchovy seedling puberty and is enriched with agreeable to the taste bait, fry automatically using running water mode The survival rate that is open is high, growth is fast, and water stabilization.Indoor intensive nursery can directly observe ingest growth and the healthy shape of fry Condition, it is ensured that the survival rate and growth rate of fry.
2nd, indoor opening of the invention combines that outdoor large size seedling seed Cultivating techniques are practical, promotional value is big, you can Uncertainty and highly intensive labour that the opening live bait such as collection wheel animalcule is fed, can lift knife long-tailed anchovy intensive seedling production level, reduction is supported Grow cost, improve the quality of fry.
Embodiment
A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated, comprises the steps:
(1)2-5 × 667 square are carried out using the knife long-tailed anchovy parent population of preferred 100 grams/fish of raun of the same age, more than 75 grams/fish specifications of milter Rice pond reinforced cultivating, it is by the end of April to the first tenday period of a month in May to determine scale egg-laying time;60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk are added to automate using 6 inch water pumps Collect ovum technology, while cleaning knife tapertail anchovy ovum 5-8 times using 10 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, aeration underground water filtering.
(2)Select the indoor cement pit that area is 30-50 square metres, the depth of water is 0.5 meter as hatchery, hatching density is Ten thousand embryonated eggs of 0.6-0.8/square metre, pond surrounding bottom micro-pore oxygenation, air-flow size is stirred and is advisable up and down slightly with water, is incubated Change water is outer pool water;Hatchery delivery port is pulls out tube designs, and the mesh sieve thin,tough silk of Guan Zhouyong 150 is wrapped up.
(3)The cement pit that hatching pool side selection area is 200-300 square metres indoors, pond depth is 1.5 meters is as opening Bait culture pond, is aided with 6 incandescent lamp/ponds, intensity of illumination 1000LX/ lamps.Contain in injection in first day of knife long-tailed anchovy incubating oosperm Chlorella(102-103Individual/mL)And the rich water of a small amount of Brachionus calyciflorus is to 1.0 meters or so, while by the amount of 100 grams/cubic metre Organic fertilizer cultivation batch Brachionus calyciflorus, the cladocera for sterilization of being fermented through EM bacterium are added, every 5 days plus 1 time.
(4)The 5th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, the mode that the water of open-mouthed bait culture pond flows automatically is injected into hatchery, taken The mouth of a river is wrapped up with 80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, while opening hatchery water outlet pipe, forms miniflow aqueous mode, flow is 10 cubes ms/h, Ensure that bait culture pond Brachionus calyciflorus amount reaches 5/more than mL.
(5)The 10th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, bait pond intake bolting silk changes 40 mesh, hatchery delivery port bolting silk into and changed into 80 mesh, flow reaches 20 cubes ms/h.The 15th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, bait pond intake bolting silk changes 10 mesh, hatching into Pond delivery port bolting silk changes 40 mesh into, and flow is kept for 20 cubes ms/h.
(6)The 30th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, when knife tapertail anchovy seedling body length reaches more than 3 centimetres, outdoor earth pond training is transferred to Educate.Native pond mud thickness is 10 cms, and 1.5-2.0 meters of water depth, area is 3-5 × 667 square metre, and knife long-tailed anchovy seedling cultivates density For tail/667 square metre of 2-5 ten thousand;Enter before seedling by after the dry pool exposure in pond 3-5 days, thrown in 100-200kg/667 square metres of ratio Quick lime is spread, while adding water to 10-20 centimetres, is sterilized 7 days.
(7)Knife long-tailed anchovy seedling buries behind pond, and ratio of the eel powder in 5-7kg/667 square metres of day adds water after stirring Full pool spilling head, delivers 1kg/667 square metres of effective microorganisms(EM) every other day;Enter earth pond ecological to cultivate after the 2-3 months, knife tapertail anchovy seedling body long size can Up to 8-10 centimetres, you can point pool cultivated or sale.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1)Fish-egg is gathered:By the end of April to the automation of the first tenday period of a month in May, scale collecting knife tapertail anchovy ovum;
(2)Indoor hatching:With hatching in outer pool water indoors cement hatchery to the knife tapertail anchovy ovum of collection;
(3)Set up bait culture pond:Batch Brachionus calyciflorus, cladocera are cultivated in bait culture pond;
(4)Running water technology:Water formation fine bourn containing Brachionus calyciflorus, cladocera in bait culture pond is flowed into hatching Pond, carries out the cultivation of knife tapertail anchovy seedling;
(5)Transfer is cultivated:When reaching more than 3 centimetres Deng knife tapertail anchovy seedling body length, outdoor earth pond cultivation is transferred to;
(6)Tu Chi is cultivated:Knife tapertail anchovy seedling buries behind pond, is cultivated using eel powder;Enter earth pond ecological to cultivate after the 2-3 months, Knife tapertail anchovy seedling body long size is up to 8-10 centimetres, you can point pool cultivated or sale.
2. the method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim 1 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:The step(2) In middle indoor cement hatchery hatching density be ten thousand embryonated eggs of 0.6-0.8/square metre.
3. the method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim 2 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:The step(3) The bait culture pond water of middle entrance cement hatchery passes through silk cover filtering;
The 5th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, the mode that the water of bait culture pond flows automatically is injected into hatchery, 80 mesh sieves of intake Thin,tough silk wrap up, while open hatchery water outlet pipe, mouth of a river bolting silk be 150 mesh, formed miniflow aqueous mode, flow be 10 cubic metres/ Hour, it is ensured that bait culture pond Brachionus calyciflorus amount reaches 5/more than mL;
The 10th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, bait culture pond intake bolting silk changes 40 mesh, hatchery delivery port bolting silk into and changes 80 into Mesh, flow reaches 20 cubes ms/h;
The 15th day after knife long-tailed anchovy fry hatching, bait culture pond intake bolting silk changes 10 mesh, hatchery delivery port bolting silk into and changes 40 into Mesh, flow is kept for 20 cubes ms/h.
4. the method that the knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim any one of 1-3 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:It is described Step(1)Fish-egg collection carries out 2-5 using the knife long-tailed anchovy parent population of preferred 100 grams/fish of raun of the same age, more than 75 grams/fish specifications of milter × 667 square metres of pond reinforced cultivatings;Using 6 inch water pumps add 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk automation collection ovum technology, while using 10 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, It is aerated underground water filtering cleaning knife tapertail anchovy ovum 5-8 times.
5. the method that the knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim any one of 1-3 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:It is described Step(2)The hatchery selection area of indoor hatching is 30-50 square metres, the indoor cement pit that the depth of water is 0.4-0.6 meters, hatching Pond surrounding bottom micro-pore oxygenation, air-flow size is stirred and is advisable up and down slightly with water;Hatchery delivery port is to pull out tube designs.
6. the method that the knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim any one of 1-3 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:It is described Step(3)Middle bait cultivation pool area is 200-300 square metres, the cement pit that pond depth is 1.2-1.6 meters, is aided with 5-6 white heats Lamp/pond, intensity of illumination 1000LX/ lamps.
7. the method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim 6 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:The bait is cultivated Pond contains 10 in injection in first day of knife long-tailed anchovy incubating oosperm2-103The rich water of individual/mL chlorella and a small amount of Brachionus calyciflorus is extremely 1.0 rice;The organic fertilizer sterilized that fermented simultaneously by the amount addition of 100 grams/cubic metre through EM bacterium cultivates batch Brachionus calyciflorus, branch Angle class, every 5 days plus 1 organic fertilizer.
8. the method that the knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim any one of 1-3 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:It is described Step(5)The outdoor earth pond mud thickness that transfer is cultivated is 9-12 centimetres, 1.5-2.0 meters of water depth, and area is 3-5 × 667 square Rice, knife long-tailed anchovy fry rearing density is tail/667 square metre of 2-5 ten thousand.
9. the method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim 8 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:The Tu Chi enters seedling After preceding dry pool exposure 3-5 days, thrown in 100-200kg/667 square metres of ratio and spread quick lime, while 10-20 centimetres is added water to, Sterilization 7 days.
10. the method that the knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological according to claim any one of 1-3 is cultivated, it is characterised in that:Institute State step(6)Tu Chi cultivates eel powder in the ratio in 5-7kg/667 square metres of day, and add water full pool spilling head after stirring, every It delivers 1kg/667 square metres of effective microorganisms(EM).
CN201710596660.4A 2017-07-20 2017-07-20 A kind of method that knife long-tailed anchovy seed large-scale ecological is cultivated Pending CN107278986A (en)

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Application publication date: 20171024