CN107278421A - A kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi - Google Patents
A kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi Download PDFInfo
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- CN107278421A CN107278421A CN201710681730.6A CN201710681730A CN107278421A CN 107278421 A CN107278421 A CN 107278421A CN 201710681730 A CN201710681730 A CN 201710681730A CN 107278421 A CN107278421 A CN 107278421A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi, belong to seed growing technical field, this method includes selection of land step, seed preparation step, sowing step, after planting management process and transplant step；To select loosing soil, sunshine-duration length, ventilation, draining good during selection of land and the location that has abundant water resources is as nursery lot, the P. delavayi fruit of September harvesting ripe, pericarp is peeled off and obtains fresh seed, remove except it is mouldy, damage by worms or not full seed, the seed selected is put into clear water by the same day to be soaked 20 40 minutes, soaked 0.5 6 hours with the gibberellin of 100 1000ppm concentration again, after taking-up is filtered dry；The same day is accomplished by uniformly sowing seed on nursery lot, and one layer of substrate soil is covered on seed, covers one layer of moisturizing layer again on matrix soil layer；The seedbed sowed is watered, irrigated to 5 15cm；It can be transplanted within after planting 11 12 months.Its is simple to operate, breeds efficiency high, easy to utilize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed growing technical field, in particular to a kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi.
Background technology
P. delavayi belongs to Paeoniaceae Paeonia sect. Moutan plant, is the distinctive rare and endangered species of China, is listed in country three
Level protection plant, is distributed mainly on Central Yunnan to the northwestward, i.e. South-west Sichuan, northwestern Yunnan Province and Southeastern Tibet, is
Paeonia is distributed a most southern tree peony monoid.P. delavayi pattern is gorgeous, possesses rare yellow flower in P. delavayi cultivar
Be genetic resources, be Cultivated tree peonies seed selection yellow flower be new varieties important parental source.In addition, its root skin is also with important
Medical value, its cold in nature, sour-acrid taste, root skin is used for clearing heat and cooling blood, haematemesis, hematuria, bloody flux, dysmenorrhoea etc. is controlled, used also as the root bark of tree peony
It is medicinal, central nervous system can be suppressed, there is expansion coronary vasodilator, the function such as decompression, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulation.The seed of tree peony
Peony seed oil can be extracted, P. delavayi seed oil content is up to 85%, ɑ-leukotrienes up to 20%, wherein unsaturated fatty acid content
Content is up to 35%, and therefore, peony seed oil is the excellent edible oil resource in the new food resource of China.P. delavayi is perennial small filling
Wood, drought-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, cold-resistant, oil production height, the excellent a variety of advantages of oil.But it is due to that its distribution is narrow, it is natural
Fertility is poor, while vegetation is constantly by artificial destruction, its population quantity is seriously threatened, and carries out its sapling multiplication for this
Technology is significant to species conservation.
At present, people have carried out a variety of related experiments bred to P. delavayi seed, but existing P. delavayi seed is numerous
Educate that method bud ratio is relatively low, the seedling quality bred out is also poor, it is impossible to preferably improve above mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
The purpose of embodiment of the present invention is a kind of seed growing method for providing P. delavayi, can preferably improve on
State problem.
What embodiments of the present invention were realized in：
Embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi, comprise the following steps：
Selection of land step：Selection loosing soil, sunshine-duration length, ventilation, draining are good and the location that has abundant water resources is as seedling
Garden；
Seed preparation step：The P. delavayi fruit of September harvesting ripe, pericarp is peeled off and obtains fresh seed, removes hair
It is mould, damage by worms or not full seed after, the same day by qualified fresh seeds be put into clear water soak 20-40 minutes, then use again
The gibberellin of 100-1000ppm concentration soaks 0.5-6 hours, and taking-up is filtered dry stand-by；
Sow step：The seed soaked same day is accomplished by uniformly sowing seed on nursery lot, then on seed
Face covers one layer of substrate soil, covers one layer of moisturizing layer again on matrix soil layer；
After planting management process：The nursery lot sowed is watered, it is ensured that irrigate, the later stage is according to the humidity feelings of soil
Condition is watered, and is irrigated to 5-15cm, it is ensured that soil moisture is sufficient；
Transplant step：It can be transplanted within after planting 11-12 months.
Alternatively, in addition to nursery lot arranges step, the nursery lot chosen was cut weeds in 1-2 months, gone forward side by side prior to seeding
Row is ploughed deeply, harrow thin, drying, is organized into seedbed, and the width dimensions in seedbed are that 100-120cm, height dimension are 15-25cm, length
Size is depending on physical features, and the spacing between adjacent two pieces of seedbeds is 40-60cm.
Alternatively, at least one moon is dried after seedbed is ploughed deeply, one week prior to seeding, carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid is used
Seedbed is sprayed, seedbed is then covered with plastic foil, or quick lime is uniformly spread to mix thoroughly on seedbed and with soil.
Alternatively, the concentration of carbendazim or thiophanate methyl is 500-1000 times of liquid, and the consumption of quick lime is every square metre
0.5-1.5 kilograms.
Alternatively, seed is put into the gibberellin of 600ppm concentration and soaked 2 hours.
Alternatively, P. delavayi fruit adopt it is lower after be placed at shady and cool ventilation 1-5 days.
Alternatively, substrate soil is mixed using sedendary soil and well-rotted farmyard manure, the weight of sedendary soil and well-rotted farmyard manure
Match as 3:1-2:1.
Alternatively, the cladding thickness of substrate soil is 3-5cm.
Alternatively, moisturizing layer is made of at least one of pine needle, straw or tangerine bar material.
Alternatively, the thickness of moisturizing layer is 1-5cm.
Embodiments of the present invention have the advantages that：
The seed growing method for the P. delavayi that the present invention is provided, its is simple to operate, that is, adopts to broadcast and be put into 600ppm with seed
The pre-treatment of immersion 2 hours, breeds efficiency high in the gibberellin of concentration, preferably resolves P. delavayi seed under natural conditions and holds
Germinating capacity is easily lost, fertility is weak, dilute see of field seedling and the root problem for causing its population quantity seriously to be threatened,
It is easy to utilize.
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, the embodiment party
Formula is only used for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
Inventor is had found under study for action, and fresh seed is obtained after ripe P. delavayi fruit is peeled off, then will be fresh
Seed sowed as early as possible, its bud ratio is higher, if again to fresh seed using certain density gibberellin immersion after
Sow again, its bud ratio can be higher.
Embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi, comprises the following steps：
Selection of land step：Select loosing soil, sunshine-duration length, well-ventilated, physical features is flat, draining is convenient and has abundant water resources
Location as nursery lot, the sunlight and carbon dioxide that can so have abundance on daytime carry out photosynthesis, night for plant
Between can be provided for plant abundance oxygen carry out respiration.
It should be noted that nursery lot needs to be arranged prior to seeding, 1-2 months nurseries to choosing prior to seeding
Ground is cut weeds, and is ploughed deeply, harrows thin and dry, and is then organized into seedbed.In present embodiment, the deep degree that turns over of nursery lot is
20-30cm or so, so can preferably improve the structure of soil, it is ensured that gas is sufficient in loosing soil and soil.Seedbed
Width dimensions be 100-120cm, height dimension be 15-25cm, the length dimension in seedbed can be depending on physical features situation, preferably
The length dimension in seedbed is that spacing is reserved between 300-600cm, seedbed for 40-60cm, so convenient management.
Seedbed dries at least one moon after ploughing deeply, one week, it is necessary to the processing that carried out disinfection to seedbed prior to seeding, be so for
Kill various nematodes, pathogen, subterranean pest-insect and the weed seed in soil, it is ensured that seedbed meets sowing and required.This implementation
In mode, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl liquid or quick lime can be used to be carried out disinfection to seedbed processing.
Specifically, can be sprayed at using the carbendazim of 500-1000 times of liquid concentration on seedbed, 500-1000 can also be used
The thiophanate methyl of times liquid concentration is sprayed on seedbed, and seedbed is then covered with plastic foil and it is carried out disinfection processing.When making
With quick lime to seedbed carry out disinfection processing when, quick lime is uniformly spread on seedbed and mixed thoroughly with soil, the consumption of quick lime
For every square metre 0.5-1.5 kilograms.
Seed preparation step：The P. delavayi fruit of September part harvesting ripe, pericarp is peeled off and obtains fresh seed, is removed
Except it is mouldy, damage by worms or not full seed after, qualified fresh seeds are put into clear water by the same day soaks 20-40 minutes, then
Soaked 0.5-6 hours with the gibberellin of 100-1000ppm concentration again, taking-up is filtered dry stand-by.The dormancy of seed can so be broken,
Seed is promoted to sprout.
It should be noted that to pluck fruit colour during harvesting fruit for isabelline or brown fruit, fruit adopt it is lower after
It can be placed at shady and cool ventilation 1-5 days, so be for the ease of stripping pericarp.
Seed should not be placed after being stripped out in pericarp for a long time, should not also dry or processing of drying in the shade, it should seed from
Immersion treatment is carried out to seed as early as possible after being stripped out in pericarp and sowed.
When seed soaks, the preferred 600ppm of concentration of gibberellin, the preferably 2 hours time that seed soaks in gibberellin,
So the bud ratio of seed can be preferable.
It should also be noted that, the seed of original P. delavayi has double dormancy, but in present embodiment, by maturation
Fruit adopt it is lower after, seed is stripped out in pericarp when coming, that is, adopts and broadcast, seed would not be occurred using gibberellin immersion by adding
Double dormancy, so as to greatly promote the germination rate of seed, but also can shorten the budding time, and the time for shortening budding is 3
Individual month or so.
It should also be noted that, seed is when being soaked in water, the debris and shrivelled seed on the water surface are removed.
Sow step：The seed soaked same day is accomplished by uniformly sowing seed on nursery lot, then on seed
Face covers one layer of substrate soil, covers one layer of moisturizing layer again on matrix soil layer.
In present embodiment, substrate soil is mixed using sedendary soil and well-rotted farmyard manure, sedendary soil and well-rotted farmyard manure
Weight proportion be 3:1-2:1, the weight proportion preferably 3 of sedendary soil and well-rotted farmyard manure:1, the cladding thickness of substrate soil is 3-
5cm, so can preferably ensure the gas permeability of soil so that seed can preferably be bred.
In present embodiment, moisturizing layer is made of at least one of pine needle, straw or tangerine bar material, the thickness of moisturizing layer
Spend for 1-5cm, so can preferably ensure that the moisture in soil will not at will be lost in.
After planting management process：The nursery lot sowed is watered, it is ensured that irrigate, the later stage is according to the humidity feelings of soil
Condition is watered, and is irrigated to 5-15cm or so, preferably irrigate to 10cm or so, it is ensured that soil moisture is sufficient.
Transplant step：It can be transplanted within after planting 11-12 months, be needed after transplanting to carry out field management of planting seedlings.
Field management include weeding, fertilising and irrigate etc. step, only carry out field management just can guarantee that plant well
Growth.
The seed of P. delavayi is bred using this method, its bud ratio can be up to more than 80%, and the length of seedling
Gesture is also preferable.
Experiment
Inventor is placed at shady and cool ventilation 1-5 days, then by seed in the case where September part adopts ripe P. delavayi fruit
Placement a period of time is sowed again after after being stripped out after being stripped out in pericarp with regard to progress sowing and seed in pericarp makees respectively
Experiment, specific experiment is as follows：
(1) after seed is stripped out in pericarp, sowed in one day
Embodiment 1-1
It is without any processing after seed is stripped out in pericarp, then sowed, sowing quantity is 1000, this kind of side
The seed of formula sowing averagely sprouted the time for 58 days, and budding quantity is 764 plants, bud ratio 76.4%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling
Measured with ground diameter, average height of seedling is 72mm, average ground diameter is 2.12mm.
Embodiment 1-2
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, seed is put into clear water and soaked 30 minutes, the red of 100ppm concentration is then used again
Mycin soaks 2 hours, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and the seed that this kind of mode is sowed time of averagely sprouting is 67
My god, budding quantity is 854 plants, bud ratio 85.4%；Height of seedling and ground diameter were measured in after planting 120 days, average height of seedling is
67mm, average ground diameter is 2.11mm.
Embodiment 1-3
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, seed is put into clear water and soaked 30 minutes, the red of 600ppm concentration is then used again
Mycin soaks 2 hours, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and the seed that this kind of mode is sowed time of averagely sprouting is 25
My god, budding quantity is 917 plants, bud ratio 91.7%；Height of seedling and ground diameter were measured in after planting 120 days, average height of seedling is
78mm, average ground diameter is 2.75mm.
Embodiment 1-4
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, seed is put into clear water and soaked 30 minutes, the red of 1000ppm concentration is then used again
Mycin soaks 2 hours, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and the seed that this kind of mode is sowed time of averagely sprouting is 46
My god, budding quantity is 861 plants, bud ratio 86.1%；Height of seedling and ground diameter were measured in after planting 120 days, average height of seedling is
74mm, average ground diameter is 2.28mm.
Embodiment 1-1 to 1-4 sowing condition and experimental result is listed in Table 1 below.
Table 1
(2) after seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed 20 days at shady and cool ventilation, then sowed
Embodiment 2-1
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, place 20 days, then sowed, sowing quantity is 1000 at shady and cool ventilation
, the seed that this kind of mode is sowed averagely sprouted the time for 54 days, and budding quantity is 375 plants, bud ratio 37.5%；After planting
Height of seedling and ground diameter were measured in 120 days, average height of seedling is 74mm, average ground diameter is 2.15mm.
Embodiment 2-2
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed at shady and cool ventilation 20 days, then seed is put into clear water and soaks 30 points
Clock, is then soaked 2 hours with the gibberellin of 100ppm concentration again, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and this kind of mode is broadcast
The seed planted averagely sprouted the time for 47 days, and budding quantity is 382 plants, bud ratio 38.2%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling and ground
Footpath is measured, and average height of seedling is 72mm, and average ground diameter is 2.25mm.
Embodiment 2-3
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed at shady and cool ventilation 20 days, then seed is put into clear water and soaks 30 points
Clock, is then soaked 2 hours with the gibberellin of 600ppm concentration again, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and this kind of mode is broadcast
The seed planted averagely sprouted the time for 35 days, and budding quantity is 473 plants, bud ratio 47.3%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling and ground
Footpath is measured, and average height of seedling is 86mm, and average ground diameter is 2.56mm.
Embodiment 2-4
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed at shady and cool ventilation 20 days, then seed is put into clear water and soaks 30 points
Clock, is then soaked 2 hours with the gibberellin of 1000ppm concentration again, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, this kind of mode
The seed of sowing averagely sprouted the time for 56 days, and budding quantity is 405 plants, bud ratio 40.5%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling and
Ground diameter is measured, and average height of seedling is 72mm, and average ground diameter is 2.79mm.
Embodiment 2-1 to 2-4 sowing condition and experimental result is listed in Table 2 below.
Table 2
(3) after seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed 50 days at shady and cool ventilation, then sowed
Embodiment 3-1
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, place 50 days, then sowed, sowing quantity is 1000 at shady and cool ventilation
, the seed that this kind of mode is sowed averagely sprouted the time for 78 days, and budding quantity is 234 plants, bud ratio 23.4%；After planting
Height of seedling and ground diameter were measured in 120 days, average height of seedling is 74mm, average ground diameter is 1.86mm.
Embodiment 3-2
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed at shady and cool ventilation 50 days, then seed is put into clear water and soaks 30 points
Clock, is then soaked 2 hours with the gibberellin of 100ppm concentration again, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and this kind of mode is broadcast
The seed planted averagely sprouted the time for 62 days, and budding quantity is 353 plants, bud ratio 35.3%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling and ground
Footpath is measured, and average height of seedling is 63mm, and average ground diameter is 2.12mm.
Embodiment 3-3
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed at shady and cool ventilation 50 days, then seed is put into clear water and soaks 30 points
Clock, is then soaked 2 hours with the gibberellin of 600ppm concentration again, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, and this kind of mode is broadcast
The seed planted averagely sprouted the time for 48 days, and budding quantity is 372 plants, bud ratio 37.2%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling and ground
Footpath is measured, and average height of seedling is 54mm, and average ground diameter is 2.43mm.
Embodiment 3-4
After seed is stripped out in pericarp, placed at shady and cool ventilation 50 days, then seed is put into clear water and soaks 30 points
Clock, is then soaked 2 hours with the gibberellin of 1000ppm concentration again, then is sowed, and sowing quantity is 1000, this kind of mode
The seed of sowing averagely sprouted the time for 67 days, and budding quantity is 286 plants, bud ratio 28.6%；After planting 120 days to height of seedling and
Ground diameter is measured, and average height of seedling is 68mm, and average ground diameter is 1.98mm.
Embodiment 3-1 to 3-4 sowing condition and experimental result is listed in Table 3 below.
Table 3
As can be seen that seed is sowed as early as possible after being stripped out out of pericarp from table 1, table 2 and table 3, bud ratio is higher, special
It is not to be sowed again after gibberellin immersion is reused after seed is stripped out out of pericarp, bud ratio can be higher.
The some embodiments of the present invention are these are only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the technology of this area
For personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of seed growing method of P. delavayi, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Selection of land step：Selection loosing soil, sunshine-duration length, ventilation, draining are good and the location that has abundant water resources is as nursery lot；
Seed preparation step：The P. delavayi fruit of September harvesting ripe, pericarp is peeled off and obtains fresh seed, removes mouldy, worm
After moth or not full seed, qualified fresh seeds are put into clear water by the same day is soaked 20-40 minutes, and 100- is then used again
The gibberellin of 1000ppm concentration soaks 0.5-6 hours, and taking-up is filtered dry stand-by；
Sow step：The seed soaked same day is accomplished by uniformly sowing seed on nursery lot, is then covered on seed
One layer of substrate soil of lid, covers one layer of moisturizing layer again on matrix soil layer；
After planting management process：The nursery lot sowed is watered, it is ensured that irrigate, the later stage enters according to the humidity condition of soil
Row waters, and irrigates to 5-15cm, it is ensured that soil moisture is sufficient；
Transplant step：It can be transplanted within after planting 11-12 months.
2. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also arrange and walk including nursery lot
Suddenly, the nursery lot chosen was cut weeds in 1-2 months prior to seeding, and is ploughed deeply, harrows thin, drying, be organized into seedbed, seedbed
Width dimensions be 100-120cm, height dimension be 15-25cm, length dimension depending on physical features, between adjacent two pieces of seedbeds between
Away from for 40-60cm.
3. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 2, it is characterised in that seedbed dries at least one after ploughing deeply
Individual month, one week prior to seeding, seedbed is sprayed using carbendazim or thiophanate methyl liquid, then seedbed is covered with plastic foil, or
Quick lime is uniformly spread on seedbed and mixed thoroughly with soil by person.
4. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 3, it is characterised in that carbendazim or thiophanate methyl
Concentration is 500-1000 times of liquid, and the consumption of quick lime is every square metre 0.5-1.5 kilograms.
5. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that seed is put into 600ppm concentration
Soaked 2 hours in gibberellin.
6. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that P. delavayi fruit adopts lower rear placement
1-5 days at shady and cool ventilation.
7. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that substrate soil uses sedendary soil and corruption
Ripe farm manure is mixed, and the weight proportion of sedendary soil and well-rotted farmyard manure is 3:1-2:1.
8. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cladding thickness of substrate soil is 3-
5cm。
9. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that moisturizing layer is using pine needle, straw
Or at least one of tangerine bar material is made.
10. the seed growing method of P. delavayi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of moisturizing layer is 1-
5cm。
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| CN114617018A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-14 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for directly seeding paeonia suffruticosa seeds for ecological restoration in high-altitude mountainous areas |
| CN114916369A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-19 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Sexual propagation cultivation method for paeonia suffruticosa |
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| CN109744056A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-05-14 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | A kind of P. delavayi cultivates the segmented method for culturing seedlings of neat seedling, strong sprout |
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| CN114617018A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-14 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for directly seeding paeonia suffruticosa seeds for ecological restoration in high-altitude mountainous areas |
| CN114617018B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-08-08 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for ecological restoration of high-altitude mountain area by directly seeding Yunnan peony seeds |
| CN114916369A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-19 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Sexual propagation cultivation method for paeonia suffruticosa |
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