CN107272060B - The extracting method and system of a kind of ground interval quality factors - Google Patents
The extracting method and system of a kind of ground interval quality factors Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses the extracting method and system of a kind of ground interval quality factors, this method includes：Obtain vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；According to the multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction；The preliminary wave signal for the explosive source transmitting that the time-domain transmitted wave signal receives for the wave detector；Multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals are transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals；Phase difference between the seismic wave received at the depth location of adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the frequency domain transmitted wave signal；According to multiple phase difference structure stratum inversion of quality factor matrixes；The inversion matrix is solved to obtain the ground interval quality factors of the depth location of the wave detector.Extracting method and system using the present invention can improve the accuracy of extraction stratum quality extraction factor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of seismic exploration, more particularly to the extracting method and system of a kind of ground interval quality factors.
Background technology
There is amplitude reduction, velocity dispersion and high-frequency information loss etc. in actual earth Propagation for seismic wave
Typical attenuation by absorption phenomenon, causes this medium intrinsic property generally use stratum quality factor q of seismic wave attenuation by absorption
Value characterizes.Attenuation by absorption phenomenon and formation lithology, pore structure, fluid type, saturation when seismic wave is propagated in media as well
The various reservoir properties such as degree are closely related, and reflection of the attenuation of seismic wave for medium intrinsic property is frequently more reliable, because
This seismic wave attenuation parameter or stratum quality factor q are usually taken as the actual parameter of oil and gas detection.Further investigation seismic wave declines
Subtract characteristic and accurately extract stratum Q value, not only facilitate and High-resolution Processing is carried out to earthquake information, improve ground
Information imaging quality is shaken, is also used as oil and gas indication mark, therefore, the accurate stratum Q value that extracts is for carrying out
Important meaning is respectively provided with for conventional and unconventional petroleum resources reservoir prediction and direct detection.
At present, the method for stratum Q value extraction is broadly divided into time-domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain three major types.Its
In, the amplitude information of seismic wave is easily disturbed in communication process be subject to factors such as noises, so as to cause Q values to extract result
Accuracy and stability reduce, time-domain extracting method limited be subject to actual information quality, therefore, the Q based on time-domain
It is worth extracting method using less.Q values are mainly extracted using frequency domain method in practical applications, and common frequency at this stage
Spectrum then only make use of the amplitude spectrum of seismic wave to believe than the frequency domain stratum such as method, centroid frequency deflection method quality factor q extracting method
Breath, interval quality factors have stronger stability amplitude spectrum information extraction is used alone but accuracy is high not enough.For
For the spectrum signature of time-domain signal, information of both amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum is all of equal importance, it is clear that phase spectrum information
Also the inherent absorption decay characteristics on stratum are also effectively reflected during seimic wave propagation, still, due to seimic wave propagation
During phase the features such as typically exhibiting cyclically-varying, often change plus phase spectrum in actual seismic information very acute
It is strong, cause to be difficult directly accurately to extract ground interval quality factors using the phase information of earthquake information.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the extracting method and system of a kind of ground interval quality factors, to solve in the prior art
The problem of extraction accuracy of interval quality factors is low over the ground.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following scheme：
The extracting method of a kind of ground interval quality factors, including：
Obtain multiple vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；The vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information receives ground for the wave detector in well
Vibration information in the well that the seismic wave that explosive source is launched on face is formed；The wave detector presses well in well on vertical direction
Interior depth is provided with multiple；
According to the multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction；The time-domain transmitted wave letter
The preliminary wave signal of number explosive source received for the wave detector transmitting；
Multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals are transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals；
The transmitted wave received at the depth location of adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the frequency domain transmitted wave signal
Phase difference between signal；
According to multiple phase difference structure stratum inversion of quality factor matrixes；
The inversion matrix is solved to obtain the ground interval quality factors of the depth location of the wave detector.
Optionally, it is described according to the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) time of withdrawing information domain transmitted wave signal, specifically include：
After picking up between the primary travel time of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information, the dominant frequency of the seismic wave is obtained；
The cycle of the seismic wave is determined according to the dominant frequency；
Obtain the sampling time interval of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；
Multiple sampling time window lengths are intercepted according to the cycle and the sampling time interval；
Obtain the transmitted wave signal in the sampling time window length.
Optionally, it is described that multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals are transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals, specifically
Including：
The time-domain transmitted wave signal converted using Fourier transformation to obtain frequency domain transmitted wave signal；The frequency
Rate domain transmitted wave signal is the seismic wave Fourier spectrum of wave detector depth location.
Optionally, it is described that the institute received at the position of adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the frequency domain transmitted wave signal
The phase difference between seismic wave is stated, is specifically included：
Obtain first detector depth location；
Obtain the first time domain transmitted wave signal of the first detector depth location；
The first time domain transmitted wave signal is obtained into the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；
Acquisition is adjacent on the vertical direction of the first detector depth location and is deeper than the first detector depth
The second detector depth location of position；
Obtain the second time-domain transmitted wave signal of the second detector depth location；
The second time-domain transmitted wave signal is obtained into the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；
The adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum and the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum
Phase difference between the transmitted wave signal received.
It is optionally, described that the inversion matrix is solved to obtain the ground interval quality factors of the depth location of the wave detector,
Specifically include：
The inversion matrix is solved using damped least square method to obtain the stratum quality of the wave detector depth location
The factor.
The extraction system of a kind of ground interval quality factors, including：
Data obtaining module, for obtaining multiple vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；The vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information is in well
Vibration information in the well that the seismic wave that interior wave detector receives explosive source transmitting is formed；The wave detector is vertical in well
It is provided with direction by depth in well multiple；
Signal extraction module, for according to the multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction；Institute
State the preliminary wave signal for the explosive source transmitting that time-domain transmitted wave signal receives for the wave detector；
Signal conversion module, believes for multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals to be transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted waves
Number；
Phase difference calculating module, for being connect at the position according to the adjacent wave detector of frequency domain transmitted wave signal calculating
Phase difference between the received transmitted wave signal；
Inversion matrix builds module, for building stratum inversion of quality factor matrix according to multiple phase differences；
Ground interval quality factors computing module, for solving to obtain the depth location of the wave detector to the inversion matrix
Ground interval quality factors.
Optionally, the signal extraction module, specifically includes：
Dominant frequency acquiring unit, between the primary travel time for picking up the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information after, obtain describedly
The dominant frequency of seismic wave；
Cycle determination unit, for determining the cycle of the seismic wave according to the dominant frequency；
Sampling interval acquiring unit, for obtaining the sampling time interval of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；
Time window length interception unit is sampled, for intercepting multiple samplings according to the cycle and the sampling time interval
Time window length；
Sampling point information acquiring unit, for obtaining the transmitted wave signal in the sampling time window length.
Optionally, the signal conversion module, specifically includes：
Signal conversion unit, for converting to obtain frequency domain by the time-domain transmitted wave signal using Fourier transformation
Transmitted wave signal；The frequency domain transmitted wave signal is the seismic wave Fourier spectrum of wave detector depth location.
Optionally, the phase difference calculating module, specifically includes：
First detector depth location obtains subelement, for obtaining first detector depth location；
First time domain transmitted wave signal acquisition subelement, for obtaining the first of the first detector depth location
Time-domain transmitted wave signal；
First signal converts subelement, for the first time domain transmitted wave signal to be obtained using Fourier transformation
First seismic wave Fourier spectrum；
Second detector depth location obtains subelement, for obtaining in the vertical of the first detector depth location
Second detector depth location that is adjacent and being deeper than the first detector depth location on direction；
Second time-domain transmitted wave signal acquisition subelement, for obtaining the second of the second detector depth location
Time-domain transmitted wave signal；
Secondary signal converts subelement, for the second time-domain transmitted wave signal to be obtained using Fourier transformation
Second seismic wave Fourier spectrum；
Phase difference calculating subelement, for according in the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum and the second seismic wave Fu
Leaf spectrum calculates the phase difference between the transmitted wave signal that the adjacent wave detector receives.
Optionally, described ground interval quality factors computing module, specifically includes：
Ground interval quality factors computing unit, for solving to obtain institute to the inversion matrix using damped least square method
State the ground interval quality factors of wave detector depth location.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technique effect：The present invention is by by the time
Transmitted wave signal in domain is transformed to the transmitted wave signal in frequency domain, the phase according to the transmitted wave signal acquisition in frequency domain
Phase difference between the seismic wave that adjacent wave detector depth location receives, according to phase difference calculating difference wave detector depth
The ground interval quality factors of position, the present invention take into full account during seimic wave propagation seismic wave caused by interval quality factors
Phase information variation characteristic, avoid only causes ground interval quality factors essence using the amplitude spectrum information of seismic wave in the prior art
The problem of exactness is low, make use of the phase information of vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information to extract ground interval quality factors, is carried so as to improve
The accuracy of ground interval quality factors is taken, and then improves the reservoir prediction accuracy rate of petroleum resources.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be in embodiment
Required attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some realities of the present invention
Example is applied, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the extracting method flow chart of the ground interval quality factors of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention is used for the VSP information record figures that ground interval quality factors are asked for；
Fig. 3 is the comparison of wave shape figure of transmitted wave at different depth of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the amplitude spectrum comparison diagram of transmitted wave at different depth of the embodiment of the present invention；
The phase spectrum comparison diagram of transmitted wave at the different depth of Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the phase information comparison diagram under the different frequency component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that the Q values of the embodiment of the present invention extract result schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the present invention based on the Q values result that VSP information invertings obtain and actual value comparison diagram；
Fig. 9 is the extraction system structure chart of the ground interval quality factors of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained without making creative work it is all its
His embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide the extracting method and system of a kind of ground interval quality factors, it is possible to increase stratum quality
The extraction accuracy of the factor and the reservoir prediction accuracy rate for improving petroleum resources.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, it is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the extracting method flow chart of the ground interval quality factors of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of stratum product
The extracting method of prime factor, including：
Step 101：Obtain vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；The vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information connects for the wave detector in well
Receive vibration information in the well that the seismic wave that explosive source is launched is formed；The wave detector is in well by well on vertical direction
Depth from it is shallow to it is deep be provided with it is multiple；
Step 102：According to the multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction；The time-domain
The preliminary wave signal for the explosive source transmitting that transmitted wave signal receives for the wave detector；Step 102 specifically includes：
After picking up between the primary travel time of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information, the dominant frequency of the seismic wave is obtained；It is true according to the dominant frequency
The cycle of the fixed seismic wave；Obtain the sampling time interval of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；According to cycle and described
Sampling time interval intercepts multiple sampling time window lengths；Obtain the transmitted wave signal in the sampling time window length.
Step 103：Multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals are transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals；
Step 104：The institute received at the depth location of adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the frequency domain transmitted wave signal
State the phase difference between seismic wave；Obtain first detector depth location；Obtain the first of the first detector depth location
Time-domain transmitted wave signal；The first time domain transmitted wave signal is obtained in first seismic wave Fu using Fourier transformation
Ye Pu；Acquisition is adjacent on the vertical direction of the first detector depth location and is deeper than the first detector depth position
The second detector depth location put；Obtain the second time-domain transmitted wave signal of the second detector depth location；By institute
State the second time-domain transmitted wave signal and obtain the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；According to first earthquake
Ripple Fourier spectrum and the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum are calculated between the transmitted wave signal that the adjacent wave detector receives
Phase difference.
Step 105：According to multiple phase difference structure stratum inversion of quality factor matrixes；
Step 106：The inversion matrix is solved to obtain the ground interval quality factors of the depth location of the wave detector.
In the step 102 of the embodiment of the present invention, from vertical seismic profiling (VSP) (Vertical Seismic Profile, letter
Claim VSP) primary travel time of transmitted wave is picked up in information record between, be the transmitted wave that receives between the primary travel time
Arrival time, the mode that generally use is picked up by hand obtain, and determine the cycle T of seismic wave according to the dominant frequency of seismic wavei,
And further the sampling time window length L of transmitted wave is determined with reference to the time sampling interval t of earthquake informationi, wherein,
Li=Ti/Δt
When picking up transmitted wave information, since being carved the road transmitted wave primary travel time, L is interceptediA sampled point signal is made
For X at the wave detector receiving point depth locationiThe transmitted wave information received, is the extraction and calculating of stratum Q value
Offer accurately and effectively inputs information.
The embodiment of the present invention step 103- steps 104 in practical applications, can be realized with following steps：By carrying
X at the wave detector receiving point depth location obtainediTime domain plethysmographic signal do Fourier transformation and obtain wave detector receiving point
Seismic wave Fourier spectrum A at depth locationi, and extract X at the depth location of current wave detector topi-1Waveform be Fourier
Conversion obtains the seismic wave Fourier spectrum A at the depth locationi-1, by the Fourier spectrum phase at above-mentioned two different depth position
Take the logarithm after removing, and take imaginary part to obtain different frequency ingredient f the resultjCorresponding phase information Mj,
Wherein, j represents the frequency values (round numbers herein) in effective frequency range, f0Reference frequency is represented (to use herein
The dominant frequency of earthquake information is used as and refers to frequency), the effective band used when calculating ground interval quality factors is by reference to frequency f0
And its corresponding amplitude spectral intensity determines, i.e., by reference to frequency f0The 10% of the amplitude spectrum numerical value at place come determine effectively frequency
The minimum initial frequency f of bandstart(round numbers) and maximum are by frequency fend(round numbers), both, which subtract each other, can obtain stratum product
Used frequency range when prime factor calculates, ln are represented and taken the logarithm, and imag is represented and taken its imaginary part information.
In the step 105 of the embodiment of the present invention, according to identified effective band scope in step 103-104, into one
Step uses the phase information M of all frequency contents in the range of effective bandjTo build phase information and stratum quality factor q
Relational matrix between value：
Wherein, N represents quantity (each equal round numbers of frequency content, the j=of all frequency contents in the range of effective band
1 ..., N), fjFrequency values corresponding to j-th of frequency content are represented, t represents current wave detector and receives X at depth locationiInstitute is right
The transmission seismic first breaks hourage answered, for convenience, herein represents the phase information matrix in above formula on the left of equation
Into M, matrix information is expressed as S on the right side of equation, therefore above formula can be reduced to：
MQ=S
Step 106 specifically includes：The inversion matrix is solved using damped least square method to obtain the wave detector depth
Spend the ground interval quality factors of position；The damping hole least square method of weighting can also be used to solve to obtain to the inversion matrix
The ground interval quality factors of the wave detector depth location；
In embodiments of the present invention, the Q values inverting according to constructed by the phase information in the range of above-mentioned effective band is closed
It is matrix, carrying out inverting using following formula asks for
Q=1/ [((MTM)-1+αI)MTS]
Wherein, matrix I represents the diagonal matrix that numerical value is 1, and α is weighting damped coefficient, by the product of actual seismic information
Matter determines its size, needs to increase the size of α numerical value when the noise of actual information is bigger to carry the steady of high q-factor inverting
It is qualitative, usually take α=0.01.It can be examined based on formula (4) using the phase information in the range of effective band to solve
Ripple device receiving point depth XiStratum Q value at position.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention is used for the VSP information record figures that ground interval quality factors are asked for, and as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is
Synthesized according to actual formation model and with the addition of the VSP records of noise, share 80, geophone separation 20m, i.e., adjacent two
The distance between a seismic channel, therefore corresponding depth of stratum is 1600m, is made of 4 layers of HORIZONTAL LAYERED MEDIUM WITH HIGH ACCURACY, from top to bottom
It is respectively 300m, 400m, 500m, 400m per layer thickness, corresponding Q value is respectively 100,75,50,25.
Fig. 3 is the comparison of wave shape figure of transmitted wave at different depth of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, solid line pair in Fig. 3
Answer the 5th seismic wave waveform in Fig. 2, the 6th seismic wave waveform in dotted line corresponding diagram 2.Contrast twice seismic wave waveform can be seen
Go out, as propagation distance increases, there occurs energy attenuation and phase place change for seismic wave.
Fig. 4 is the amplitude spectrum comparison diagram of transmitted wave at different depth of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, solid line in Fig. 4
5th seismic wave amplitude spectrum in corresponding diagram 2, the 6th seismic wave amplitude spectrum in dotted line corresponding diagram 2.Can be clearly from figure
Go out, as seimic wave propagation distance increases, since Earth's absorption and attenuation effect causes the dominant frequency of amplitude spectrum to reduce.
The phase spectrum comparison diagram of transmitted wave at the different depth of Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 5, solid line in Fig. 5
5th seismic wave phase spectrum in corresponding diagram 2, the 6th seismic wave phase spectrum in dotted line corresponding diagram 2.From figure 5 it can be seen that
During seimic wave propagation, acute variation can occur for phase information, while show certain periodicity, and therefore, the application is just
It is the extraction for carrying out stratum Q value exclusively with the phase information of twice waveform before and after the attenuation of seismic wave.
Fig. 6 is the phase information comparison diagram under the different frequency component of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, in Fig. 6
For based on extracting method proposed by the present invention come the 5th and the 6th seismic wave phase difference that obtains, it will be appreciated from fig. 6 that can
To find out as frequency increases, seismic wave phase difference first increases and then decreases, flex point, by this conversion, will be schemed near dominant frequency
In 5 periodically variable phase information be converted into can be closely related with ground interval quality factors curve, so as to fulfill stratum product
The extraction of prime factor parameter.
Fig. 7 is that the Q values of the embodiment of the present invention extract result schematic diagram, as shown in fig. 7, solid line is to be obtained in Fig. 6 in Fig. 7
The the 5th and the 6th phase information, asterisk line passes through phase to obtain the phase difference that Q values are reflected based on phase spectrum
The phase difference that the Q values after Q values are reflected in the range of effective band is calculated in information, it can be seen that both are in effective band
In the range of coincide it is preferable, that is to say, that the phase information between phase information and seismic channel corresponding to the Q values is complete
It coincide, so as to show that there is preferable accuracy come the ground interval quality factors parameter extracted using phase information.
Fig. 8 is the Q values result and actual value comparison diagram that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained based on VSP information invertings, such as Fig. 8 institutes
Show, wherein solid line is actual value, and asterisk line is the extraction result based on phase spectrum Q values.As can be seen that obtained based on phase information
The Q values result arrived has higher accuracy and stability in shallow stratum, with stratum truly interval quality factors coincide compared with
It is good, show that the present processes can realize the accurate extraction of ground interval quality factors exclusively by Seismic Phase Information.
The extracting method of ground using the present invention interval quality factors, by being placed according to wave detector in well by different depths
Degree receives the characteristics of seismic signal, and since first of seismic data, two detections are asked for by road according to order from shallow to deep
Ground interval quality factors parameter Q between device, is being carried out during actual formation quality factor is asked for, it is necessary to fill using VSP information
Divide at each sampling point of contrast the relation between the speed at the ground interval quality factors asked for and the position, when system between the two
, it is necessary to reanalyse the wave character at the position and composed with being used based on amplitude spectrum when larger deviation occurs for meter relation
The result calculated than method is contrasted, and is normally met between the formation velocity at interval quality factors parameter and the position certain
Statistical relationship, when seek out come ground interval quality factors parameter drift-out statistical relationship it is larger when need to reanalyse data be
It is no reliable, in addition, present invention also adds the contrast for calculating quality factor result than method with conventional spectrum, so that it is guaranteed that stratum product
The accuracy of prime factor parameter extraction, realizes mutually reference, to ensure base of the present invention by the comparative analysis between distinct methods
Carry out the reliability and accuracy of stratum Q value parameter extraction in phase spectrum information.
Fig. 9 is the extraction system structure chart of the ground interval quality factors of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 9, a kind of stratum product
The extraction system of prime factor, including：
Data obtaining module 901, for obtaining multiple vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；The vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information is
Vibration information in the well that the seismic wave that wave detector in well receives explosive source transmitting on ground is formed；The wave detector
It is provided with well on vertical direction by depth in well multiple；
Signal extraction module 902, for being believed according to the multiple time-domain transmitted waves of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction
Number；The preliminary wave signal for the explosive source transmitting that the time-domain transmitted wave signal receives for the wave detector；
Signal conversion module 903, for multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals to be transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted waves
Signal；
Phase difference calculating module 904, at the position according to the adjacent wave detector of frequency domain transmitted wave signal calculating
Phase difference between the seismic wave received；
Inversion matrix builds module 905, for building stratum inversion of quality factor matrix according to multiple phase differences；
Ground interval quality factors computing module 906, for solving to obtain the depth position of the wave detector to the inversion matrix
The ground interval quality factors put.
In embodiments of the present invention, the signal extraction module 902, specifically includes：Dominant frequency acquiring unit, for picking up
After between the primary travel time of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information, the dominant frequency of the seismic wave is obtained；Cycle determination unit, is used for
The cycle of the seismic wave is determined according to the dominant frequency；Sampling interval acquiring unit, for obtaining the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) letter
The sampling time interval of breath；Time window length interception unit is sampled, for according to the cycle and sampling time interval interception
Multiple sampling time window lengths；Sampling point information acquiring unit, for obtaining the transmitted wave letter in the sampling time window length
Number.
In embodiments of the present invention, the signal conversion module 903, specifically includes：Signal conversion unit, for utilizing
Fourier transformation converts the time-domain transmitted wave signal to obtain frequency domain transmitted wave signal；The frequency domain transmitted wave letter
Number be wave detector depth location seismic wave Fourier spectrum.
In embodiments of the present invention, the phase difference calculating module 904, specifically includes：First detector depth location obtains
Subelement is taken, for obtaining first detector depth location；First time domain transmitted wave signal acquisition subelement, for obtaining
The first time domain transmitted wave signal of the first detector depth location；First signal converts subelement, for by described the
One time-domain transmitted wave signal obtains the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；Second detector depth location obtains
Subelement is taken, for obtaining adjacent on the vertical direction of the first detector depth location and being deeper than first detection
The second detector depth location of device depth location；Second time-domain transmitted wave signal acquisition subelement, for obtaining described
Second time-domain transmitted wave signal of two wave detector depth locations；Secondary signal converts subelement, for by second time
Domain transmitted wave signal obtains the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；Phase difference calculating subelement, for basis
The first seismic wave Fourier spectrum and the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum calculate the phase between the adjacent wave detector
Difference.
In embodiments of the present invention, described ground interval quality factors computing module 906, specifically includes：
Ground interval quality factors computing unit, for solving to obtain institute to the inversion matrix using damped least square method
State the ground interval quality factors of wave detector depth location.
The extraction system of a kind of ground interval quality factors using the present invention, it is possible to increase the extraction of ground interval quality factors is accurate
Exactness and the reservoir prediction accuracy for improving petroleum resources.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, what each embodiment stressed be and its
The difference of his embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.For being disclosed in embodiment
For system, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to method portion
Defend oneself bright.
Specific case used herein is set forth the principle of the present invention and embodiment, above example
Illustrate to be only intended to help the method and its core concept for understanding the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art,
According to the thought of the present invention, in specific embodiments and applications there will be changes.In conclusion this specification
Content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the extracting method of a kind of ground interval quality factors, it is characterised in that including：
Obtain multiple vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；The vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information receives for the wave detector in well to swash on ground
Vibration information in the well that the seismic wave of hair focus transmitting is formed；The wave detector is set in well on vertical direction by depth in well
It is equipped with multiple；
According to the multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction；The time-domain transmitted wave signal is institute
State the preliminary wave signal for the explosive source transmitting that wave detector receives；
Multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals are transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals；
The frequency domain received at the depth location of adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the frequency domain transmitted wave signal to transmit
Phase difference between ripple signal；
According to multiple phase difference structure stratum inversion of quality factor matrixes；
Solve to obtain the ground interval quality factors at the depth location of the wave detector to the inversion matrix.
2. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction
Multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals, specifically include：
After picking up between the primary travel time of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information, the dominant frequency of the seismic wave is obtained；
The cycle of the seismic wave is determined according to the dominant frequency；
Obtain the sampling time interval of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；
Multiple sampling time window lengths are intercepted according to the cycle and the sampling time interval；
Obtain the time-domain transmitted wave signal in the sampling time window length.
3. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to become multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals
Multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals are changed to, are specifically included：
The time-domain transmitted wave signal converted using Fourier transformation to obtain frequency domain transmitted wave signal；The frequency domain is saturating
Ejected wave signal is the seismic wave Fourier spectrum of wave detector depth location.
4. extracting method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described to be calculated according to the frequency domain transmitted wave signal
Phase difference between the frequency domain transmitted wave signal received at the depth location of adjacent wave detector, specifically includes：
Obtain first detector depth location；
Obtain the first time domain transmitted wave signal of the first detector depth location；
The first time domain transmitted wave signal is obtained into the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；
Acquisition is adjacent on the vertical direction of the first detector depth location and is deeper than the first detector depth location
Second detector depth location；
Obtain the second time-domain transmitted wave signal of the second detector depth location；
The second time-domain transmitted wave signal is obtained into the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum using Fourier transformation；
The adjacent wave detector is calculated according to the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum and the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum to receive
Phase difference between the frequency domain transmitted wave signal arrived.
5. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to solve to obtain the inspection to the inversion matrix
The ground interval quality factors of the depth location of ripple device, specifically include：
The inversion matrix is solved using damped least square method obtain the stratum quality of the depth location of the wave detector because
Son.
6. the extraction system of a kind of ground interval quality factors, it is characterised in that including：
Data obtaining module, for obtaining multiple vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；The vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information is in well
Vibration information in the well that the seismic wave that wave detector receives explosive source transmitting on ground is formed；The wave detector is vertical in well
It is provided with direction by depth in well multiple；
Signal extraction module, for according to the multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information extraction；When described
Between the preliminary wave signal of explosive source transmitting that receives for the wave detector of domain transmitted wave signal；
Signal conversion module, for multiple time-domain transmitted wave signals to be transformed to multiple frequency domain transmitted wave signals；
Phase difference calculating module, for what is received at the position according to the adjacent wave detector of frequency domain transmitted wave signal calculating
Phase difference between the frequency domain transmitted wave signal；
Inversion matrix builds module, for building stratum inversion of quality factor matrix according to multiple phase differences；
Ground interval quality factors computing module, for solving to obtain the stratum of the depth location of the wave detector to the inversion matrix
Quality factor.
7. extraction system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the signal extraction module, specifically includes：
Dominant frequency acquiring unit, between the primary travel time for picking up the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information after, obtain the seismic wave
Dominant frequency；
Cycle determination unit, for determining the cycle of the seismic wave according to the dominant frequency；
Sampling interval acquiring unit, for obtaining the sampling time interval of the vertical seismic profiling (VSP) information；
Time window length interception unit is sampled, for being grown according to window when the cycle and sampling time interval interception multiple samplings
Degree；
Sampling point information acquiring unit, for obtaining the time-domain transmitted wave signal in the sampling time window length.
8. extraction system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the signal conversion module, specifically includes：
Signal conversion unit, for converting to obtain frequency domain transmitted wave by the time-domain transmitted wave signal using Fourier transformation
Signal；The frequency domain transmitted wave signal is the seismic wave Fourier spectrum of wave detector depth location.
9. extraction system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the phase difference calculating module, specifically includes：
First detector depth location obtains subelement, for obtaining first detector depth location；
First time domain transmitted wave signal acquisition subelement, for obtaining the first time domain of the first detector depth location
Transmitted wave signal；
First signal converts subelement, for the first time domain transmitted wave signal to be obtained the first ground using Fourier transformation
Seismic wave Fourier spectrum；
Second detector depth location obtains subelement, for obtaining the vertical direction in the first detector depth location
Second detector depth location that is adjacent and being deeper than the first detector depth location；
Second time-domain transmitted wave signal acquisition subelement, for obtaining the second time-domain of the second detector depth location
Transmitted wave signal；
Secondary signal converts subelement, for the second time-domain transmitted wave signal to be obtained the second ground using Fourier transformation
Seismic wave Fourier spectrum；
Phase difference calculating subelement, based on according to the first seismic wave Fourier spectrum and the second seismic wave Fourier spectrum
Calculate the phase difference between the frequency domain transmitted wave signal that the adjacent wave detector receives.
10. extraction system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described ground interval quality factors computing module, specific bag
Include：
Ground interval quality factors computing unit, for solving to obtain the detection to the inversion matrix using damped least square method
The ground interval quality factors of the depth location of device.
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| 利用零偏移VSP资料估计介质品质因子方法研究;高静怀等;《地球物理学报》;20070715;第50卷(第04期);第1198-1209页 * |
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