CN107271865B - Triple continuous time sequence lightning stroke effect test device and method for optical fiber composite overhead ground wire - Google Patents
Triple continuous time sequence lightning stroke effect test device and method for optical fiber composite overhead ground wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN107271865B CN107271865B CN201710488398.1A CN201710488398A CN107271865B CN 107271865 B CN107271865 B CN 107271865B CN 201710488398 A CN201710488398 A CN 201710488398A CN 107271865 B CN107271865 B CN 107271865B
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- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triple continuous time sequence test device and method for a lightning stroke effect of an optical fiber composite overhead ground wire. The device comprises a tested product optical fiber composite ground cable which is respectively connected with triple test loops connected in parallel between measurement and control management systems through action gaps; respectively providing a peak value of 100-200kA, a first lightning current component with the duration of not more than 500 mu s, an average current of 2kA, a second current component with the duration of not more than 5ms and a third lightning current component with the duration and coulomb quantity of 50-200C. Compared with the existing method which can not simulate the impact force, electromagnetic force and resistance thermal effect of actual lightning stroke on the OPGW, the method can truly simulate the direct effect of the actual lightning stroke on the OPGW.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightning stroke direct effect tests, and relates to a device and a method for testing triple continuous time sequence lightning stroke effect of an optical fiber composite overhead ground wire.
Background
With the development of power grid construction and power communication in China, the application of an Optical fiber composite Overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) is increasingly wide, and the OPGW plays an increasingly important role in power communication scheduling. The OPGW lightning stroke strand breaking accident happens sometimes, and the lightning stroke strand breaking of the OPGW can influence the safe operation and reliable communication of a power system, so that the research on the lightning stroke strand breaking mechanism of the OPGW and corresponding prevention measures are very important.
The research of OPGW lightning strike broken strand mechanism is a hotspot and a difficulty which are concerned at home and abroad, the lightning strike broken strand measurement technology and the test equipment are key technologies and core equipment for the research of the lightning strike broken strand mechanism, and the OPGW lightning strike direct effect test technology and the test equipment can not meet the requirements of the OPGW lightning strike mechanism research and the technology development. In terms of lightning stroke effect test specifications, European Union and American military standards specify test requirements and lightning components of aircraft lightning strokes, but IEEE 1138 only specifies parameters such as current peak values, electric charge amounts, pulse durations and action gaps (50mm) of long-duration component tests of types 0, 1, 2 and 3 of OPGW lightning strokes, and the parameters of the lightning components are 100A-400A of the current peak values, 50-200C of the electric charge amounts and 0.5s of the duration time respectively, but clear specifications of lightning current component injection modes and waveform parameters are lacked.
At present, only a long-duration lightning current component is considered in an OPGW lightning stroke effect test, and due to the fact that the working voltage of the OPGW lightning stroke effect test is extremely low and cannot break through a 50mm action gap, a tested product can only be bound by a conducting wire (or a fuse) and connected with a long-duration current component generator. The OPGW lightning stroke direct effect test method has no standard dependence, and the laggard test device has become a bottleneck which seriously restricts the research process of the OPGW and the improvement of the operation safety and stability of the power system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing triple continuous time sequence lightning stroke effect of an optical fiber composite overhead ground wire, overcomes the unreasonable problem of the existing OPGW lightning stroke direct effect test method, and can accurately simulate the impact effect, electromagnetic force effect and heat effect of actual lightning stroke on OPGW.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
triple continuous time sequence test device of compound overhead earth wire thunderbolt effect of optic fibre includes: the tested product optical fiber composite ground cable is respectively connected with triple test loops which are connected in parallel between the measurement and control management systems through action gaps;
the first test loop outputs a first lightning current component with voltage more than 100kV, current peak value 100 kA-200 kA and duration not more than 500 mu s to the action gap, and comprises a first lightning current generation loop, a first coupling/decoupling network DCN1 and a first current sensor CT1 which are sequentially connected; the first lightning current generation loop comprises a charging unit, a discharging unit and a waveform forming unit;
the second test loop outputs a second lightning current component with the charge quantity not less than 10C, the average discharge current not less than 2kA and the duration time of 2-5 ms to the action gap, and the second test loop comprises a second lightning current generation loop, a second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 and a second current sensor CT2 which are sequentially connected; the second lightning current generation loop comprises a charging unit, a discharging unit and a waveform forming unit;
the third test loop outputs a third lightning current component with the amplitude of 100-400A of direct current, the charge amount of 50-200C and the duration of 0.25-1 s to the action gap, and comprises a third lightning current generation loop, a third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 and a third current sensor CT3 which are sequentially connected; the third lightning current generation loop comprises a charging unit, a discharging unit and a waveform forming unit;
the measurement and control management system controls the time sequence parameters of the triple test loops and comprises a control unit and a measurement unit; the control unit comprises a main control unit, a programmable logic controller and a micro processing unit which are respectively connected with the main control unit, and the measuring unit comprises an oscilloscope which is connected with the main control unit; the programmable logic controller is respectively connected with the charging unit and the discharging unit of the triple test loop; the micro processing unit is connected with the switches of the triple test loops through the photoelectric isolation module and the high-voltage trigger module respectively; the oscilloscopes are respectively connected with the current sensors of the two test loops, and the measurement data of the oscilloscopes are uploaded to the main control unit through a wireless network.
The first lightning current component applies amplitude and energy which can simulate direct lightning in a natural environment to a tested object, and can break down and conduct an action gap and successfully ignite the second lightning current component;
the second lightning current component is to apply a middle component current to the tested object, the working voltage is not lower than hundred kilovolts, and the third lightning current component can be successfully ignited;
the third lightning current component is a direct current with a substantially constant output voltage.
The first test loop comprises a charging resistor, an energy storage capacitor 1, a forming inductor 1, a main switch 1 and a Crowbar switch 2, wherein one end of the charging resistor is connected with a direct-current high-voltage direct-current power supply, and the other end of the charging resistor is respectively and electrically connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor 1 and one end of the main switch 1; the other end of the main switch 1 is connected with one end of an inductor 1 and one end of a switch crowbar 1; the other end of the formed inductor 1 is connected with one port of a first coupling/decoupling network DCN1, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 1 is connected with the other end of the crowbar switch 1 and is connected with one end of a first current sensor CT1, and the other end of the first current sensor CT1 is grounded;
the second test loop comprises a charging resistor, an energy storage capacitor 2, a forming inductor 2, a main switch 2 and a Crowbar switch 2, wherein one end of the charging resistor is connected with a direct-current high-voltage direct-current power supply, and the other end of the charging resistor is respectively and electrically connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor 2 and one end of the main switch 2; the other end of the main switch 2 is connected with one end of an inductor 2 and one end of a switch crowbar 2; the other end of the formed inductor 2 is connected with one port of a second coupling/decoupling network DCN2, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 2 is connected with the other end of the crowbar switch 2 and is connected with one end of a second current sensor CT2, and the other end of the second current sensor CT2 is grounded;
the third test loop comprises a transformer with an input end connected with a 380V power supply, the output end of the transformer is connected with a full-bridge rectifier module, the high-voltage end of the output of the full-bridge rectifier module is connected with one end of a smoothing reactor, the other end of the smoothing reactor is connected with one end of a main switch 3, the other end of the main switch 3 is connected with one end of a third coupling/decoupling network DCN3, the low-voltage end of the output of the full-bridge rectifier module is connected with a third current sensor CT3, and the other end of the third current sensor CT3 is grounded;
the other ends of the first coupling/decoupling network DCN1, the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 and the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 are connected together and are connected with one end of the acting gap, the other end of the acting gap is connected with one end of the optical fiber composite overhead ground cable, and the other end of the optical fiber composite overhead ground cable is grounded.
The first coupling/decoupling network DCN1 ensures that the first lightning current component is accurately applied to the tested object, and prevents the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component from influencing and damaging the first test loop; it is composed of discharge gap, capacitor, resistor or their combination;
the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 ensures that the second lightning current component is accurately applied to the tested object, and prevents the first lightning current component and the third lightning current component from influencing and damaging the second test loop; it is composed of discharge gap, capacitor, resistor or their combination;
the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 ensures that the third lightning current component is accurately applied to the tested object, and prevents the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component from influencing and damaging the third test loop; which is a low pass filter or inverse filter.
The measurement and control management system controls the time sequence parameters of the triple test loops through the main control unit, and the measurement and control management system comprises:
the discharge voltage in the first test loop, the discharge interval between the main switch 1 and the Crowbar switch 1 and the distance between the discharge ball gaps of the main switch 1;
the discharge voltage in the second test loop, the discharge interval between the main switch 2 and the Crowbar switch 2, the distance between the discharge ball gaps of the main switch 2, the action time of the first test loop, the second test loop and the third test loop and the time interval between the triple lightning current generation loops;
the main control unit also performs the setting of the following parameters: the on/off of the charging unit in the triple lightning current generation circuit, the rise/fall of the charging voltage, the discharge of the test circuit, and the emergency stop during the test.
After receiving the instruction of the control unit, the programmable logic controller performs the sequential control execution of the test mode:
firstly, controlling charging units in a first test loop and a second test loop, wherein the control comprises on/off of high voltage and rising/falling of the high voltage;
adjusting and controlling the discharge switches 1 and 2 in the first test loop and the second test loop, including adjusting the gap distance between the main discharge switch 1 and the discharge switch 2, so that the gap distance between the main discharge switch 1 and the discharge switch 2 is adjusted along with the change of the preset discharge voltage;
manual and automatic control of the main discharge switch 1 and the discharge switch 2 in the first test loop and the second test loop, the initially stored energy can be released through a waveform forming component (forming a resistor and forming an inductor in the test loop) to generate a lightning current component waveform with an expected design;
the safe discharge control of the energy storage capacitors in the first test loop and the second test loop is realized, and when a system fails or stops a test in the running process, the electromagnetic field energy on the energy storage capacitor element must be completely discharged;
and fifthly, controlling the input/cut-off of the third test loop.
The control of the micro-processing unit comprises:
firstly, accurately controlling a discharge time sequence between a main switch and a Crowbar switch in a first test loop;
accurately controlling a discharge time sequence between the main switch and the Crowbar switch in the second test loop;
the accurate control of time sequence among the first test loop, the second test loop and the third test loop;
and fourthly, controlling the input and the cut-off of the third test loop.
The control of the measuring unit is as follows:
setting test parameters related to measurement through a main control unit, wherein the test parameters comprise scale factors of a first current sensor CT1, a second current sensor CT2 and a third current sensor CT3, an expected value of the amplitude of a first lightning current component, an expected value of the amplitude of a second lightning current component, an expected value of the amplitude of a third current component and a working mode of an oscilloscope;
the current waveforms of the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third current component are respectively extracted and input into the oscilloscope through the first current sensor CT1, the second current sensor CT2 and the third current sensor CT3, and after the main control unit receives a discharge instruction of the lightning current component generating loop, the main control unit reads measurement waveform data of the oscilloscope to analyze test data and display a screen.
The lightning stroke effect test method of the triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire comprises the following operations:
1) starting up after the tested object is ready to be connected, setting time sequence control parameters of the triple lightning direct effect test of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire through the main control unit, and transmitting all the control parameters to the micro processing unit;
2) the charging voltage and the discharging voltage of the first test loop and the gap distance of the main discharging switch 1 in the first lightning current initiation component generation loop are set through the main control unit, and the programmable logic controller adjusts the electrode distance of the switch 1 according to the set discharging voltage;
the charging voltage and the discharging voltage of the second test loop and the gap distance of the main discharging switch 2 in the second lightning current initiation component generation loop are set through the main control unit, and the programmable logic controller adjusts the electrode distance of the switch 2 according to the set discharging voltage;
3) a charging power supply is switched on, a first test loop and a first test loop of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire lightning stroke effect test are charged, and when the micro processing unit detects that the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor in the first test loop and the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor in the first test loop are both greater than or equal to the preset discharging voltage, the micro processing unit outputs a first control pulse;
4) the micro-processing unit outputs a first control signal to the optical isolation module, the first control signal is output to the control end of the first high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the micro-processing unit controls the micro-processing unit to act and outputs a control pulse to a trigger loop of a main switch of the first test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the main switch 1 of the first test loop to be triggered and conducted;
the micro control processing unit receives a first control signal output from the micro control processing unit, the micro processing unit enters a timing state, when the timing time meets the preset time sequence control parameter between the main switch 1 and the Crowbar switch 1 of the first test loop, the micro processing unit outputs a second control signal, the second control signal passes through the optical isolation module to reach the control end of the second high-voltage trigger module, the second high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act, one path of control pulse is output to the trigger loop of the Crowbar switch 1 of the first test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the Crowbar switch 1 of the first test loop to be triggered and conducted;
5) when the timing time meets the preset time interval between the first test loop and the second test loop, the micro control unit outputs a third control signal to the optical isolation module, the third control signal is output to the control end of the third high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the third high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act, a control pulse is output to the trigger loop of the main switch 2 of the second test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the main switch 2 of the second test loop to be triggered and conducted; when the timing time meets the preset timing control parameter between the main switch 2 and the Crowbar switch 2 of the second test loop, the micro-processing unit outputs a fourth control signal, the fourth control signal reaches the control end of a fourth high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the fourth high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act, a control pulse is output to the trigger loop of the Crowbar switch 2 of the second test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the Crowbar switch 2 of the second test loop to be triggered and conducted;
6) when the timing time meets the preset time sequence control parameter between the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component, the micro-processing unit outputs a fifth control signal, the fifth control signal reaches the control end of the fifth trigger control module through the optical isolation module, the fifth control module is controlled to act and outputs a control signal to close a switch of a third test loop, and the third lightning current component is applied to a tested article;
7) when the switch closing time of the third test loop meets the preset action time of the third lightning current component, the micro-processing unit outputs a control signal to disconnect the switch of the third test loop generating loop;
the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component are sequentially and uninterruptedly applied to the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire of the tested object, the detection result is extracted and input into the oscilloscope by the first current sensor CT1, the second current sensor CT2 and the third current sensor CT3, and the measurement waveform data of the oscilloscope is read by the main control unit to analyze the test data and display the test data on a screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
aiming at the problem that the lightning current component with low voltage and long duration cannot meet the requirement of an OPGW lightning direct effect test (cannot be applied to a tested product with an action gap of 50mm), the invention provides a lightning direct effect test method with triple continuous time sequence of the OPGW, which can perform the lightning direct effect test on the OPGW tested product with the action gap of 50mm and accurately simulate the impact effect, the electromagnetic force effect and the thermal effect of actual lightning on the OPGW.
The OPGW lightning stroke effect test comprises a first lightning current component with a peak value of 100-200kA and a duration of no more than 500 mu s, a second lightning current component with an average current of 2kA and a duration of no more than 5ms, and a triple continuous uninterrupted lightning current component of a third lightning current component with a duration and a coulomb quantity of 50-200C. According to the invention, a Crowbar loop with a coupling/decoupling network DCN1 is adopted as a first lightning current component of the OPGW lightning effect test, and the coupling/decoupling network DCN1 ensures that the first lightning current component is accurately applied to a tested object and effectively inhibits and isolates a second lightning current component and a third lightning current component; the second lightning current component of the OPGW lightning stroke direct effect test is a Crowbar loop or an RLC or LC network loop with a coupling/decoupling network DCN2, and the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 can isolate the influence of the first lightning current component and the third lightning current component; the third lightning current component of the OPGW lightning stroke direct effect test is a low-voltage direct current large current loop with a third coupling/decoupling network DCN3, the output direct current voltage is not less than 500V, the amplitude is adjustable, the output of direct current is realized through a three-phase rectification and smoothing inductor, and the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 ensures that the third lightning current component is accurately applied to a tested product and inhibits the electromagnetic interference and damage of the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component.
The control of the OPGW lightning stroke effect test is realized by adopting the main control unit and the programmable logic controller, and the presetting and the accurate control of the time intervals between the main switch 1 and the Crowbar switch 1 in the first test loop, the discharging switch 2 in the second test loop, the control switch 3 in the third test loop and the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component can be realized.
The traditional test method cannot simulate the impact force, electromagnetic force and resistance thermal effect of actual lightning stroke on the OPGW and the current dispersion effect of the actual lightning stroke, so that the measured test result cannot represent the actual lightning stroke direct effect. The invention adopts the triple lightning current with high working voltage (the discharge voltage is generally about hundred kilovolts or higher) and certain continuous discharge time and current amplitude/energy to test the OPGW with an action gap, and because the first lightning current component has certain very high current amplitude and duration, the second intermediate lightning current component can be successfully ignited, and the second intermediate lightning current component has longer duration and can be successfully ignited for a third lightning current component with long duration and large coulomb quantity, the direct lightning stroke effect of actual lightning stroke on the OPGW can be truly simulated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an OPGW triple continuous time sequence lightning stroke direct effect test device.
FIG. 2a is a diagram illustrating the operation of a conventional test lightning strike direct effect test;
FIG. 2b is the action mode of the OPGW lightning direct effect test of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first test loop, a second test loop and a third test loop of the OPGW lightning direct effect test of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of a first lightning current component, a second lightning current component and a third lightning current component according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of the control system of the OPGW lightning direct effect test of the invention.
FIG. 6 is an operation flow of the measurement and control management system for the OPGW lightning direct effect test of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning strike effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire provided by the invention comprises a first lightning current generation loop, a second lightning current generation loop, a third lightning current generation loop, a first coupling/decoupling network DCN1, a second coupling/decoupling network DCN2, a third coupling/decoupling network DCN3, a tested optical fiber composite ground cable, a first current sensor CT1, a second current sensor CT2, a third current sensor CT3, an action gap, an OPGW and a measurement and control management system. The measurement and control unit mainly comprises an industrial control computer, a programmable logic controller, a special control circuit and an oscilloscope.
The main function of the first lightning current component of the triple continuous time sequence is to apply amplitude and energy which can simulate the direct lightning of the natural environment to a tested article, the working voltage is higher and is generally not lower than hundred kilovolts, the current amplitude is generally 100-plus-200 kA, the duration is generally within 500 mu s, the action gap can be broken down and conducted, and the second lightning current component can be successfully ignited;
the second lightning current component of the triple continuous time sequence has the main function of applying a middle component with the average current of 2kA to a tested product, the working voltage of the middle component is generally higher and is generally not lower than hundred kilovolt magnitude, the amplitude of the average current is generally 2kA, the duration is generally within 5ms, and the third lightning current component with low voltage and long duration can be successfully ignited.
Referring to fig. 1, the coupling/decoupling network DCN1 serves two purposes: firstly, the energy of the first lightning current component can be applied to the OPGW, and on the other hand, the influence of the subsequent second lightning current component and the third lightning current component on the first test loop and the shunting influence of the first test loop on the load can be inhibited;
the role of the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 is similar to the role of the coupling and decoupling network DCN 1: firstly, the second lightning current component can be accurately applied to the OPGW, and on the other hand, the influence of the third lightning current component with low voltage and long duration on the second test loop or the shunting influence of the second test loop on the load is restrained;
the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 has a similar function to the coupling/decoupling networks DCN1 and DCN2, and on one hand, the third lightning current component is ensured to be applied to the OPGW of the tested object, and on the other hand, the influence and damage of the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component on the third current component generating loop can be suppressed.
Referring to fig. 1, the first current sensor CT1, the second current sensor CT2 and the third current sensor CT3 function to accurately extract a first lightning current component waveform, a second lightning current component waveform and a third lightning current component waveform, respectively; the action gap is used for simulating the action situation of actual lightning stroke on the OPGW. The main tasks of the computer measurement and control system are to control the operation of the generator, measure the lightning current waveform and analyze and process the data.
Referring to fig. 2 a-2 b, the difference between the OPGW triple continuous time sequence lightning direct effect test method of the present invention and the conventional test method is whether the OPGW with an action gap can be subjected to a lightning direct effect test, and the actual lightning strike action process on the OPGW in a real mode.
In the conventional test method shown in fig. 2a, because the lightning current component is a low-voltage long-duration current source, and because the output voltage is low (mostly, 24V-48V battery is adopted for power supply), the direct lightning stroke effect test cannot be performed on the OPGW test sample with the action gap, and the direct-current long-duration power source has to be fixedly connected to the tested sample through electrical connection, the test method cannot simulate the impact force, electromagnetic force and resistance thermal effect of actual lightning stroke on the OPGW, and cannot simulate the current dissipation effect of actual lightning stroke, so that the measured test result cannot represent the actual lightning stroke direct effect.
The test method of fig. 2b adopts a triple lightning current with high working voltage (generally, the discharge voltage is about hundred kilovolts or higher) and certain duration discharge time and current amplitude/energy to test the OPGW with an action gap, because the first lightning current component has certain very high current amplitude and duration, the second intermediate lightning current component can be successfully ignited, the second intermediate lightning current component has longer duration and can be successfully ignited the third lightning current component with long duration and large coulomb quantity, and the direct effect of actual lightning strike on the OPGW can be truly simulated.
Referring to fig. 3, the OPGW lightning strike effect test of the present invention includes a first lightning current component, a second lightning current component, and a third lightning current component generation loop, where the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component both use a high-efficiency Crowbar loop, and the loop includes two discharging switches: main switch 1, main switch 2 and Crowbar switch 1, Crowbar switch 2.
The first test loop is composed of an energy storage capacitor 1, a forming inductor 1, a main switch 1, a Crowbar switch 1 and a measuring unit. The second test loop discharge loop comprises two discharge switches, namely a main switch 2 and a Crowbar switch 2. The second test loop generating circuit consists of an energy storage capacitor 2, a forming inductor 2, a main switch 2, a Crowbar switch 2 and a measuring unit; the third test loop is used for carrying out full-bridge rectification and smoothing on the alternating voltage to obtain a direct-current power supply with strong loading capacity and basically constant output voltage.
Referring to fig. 3, one end of a charging resistor of a first test circuit (a first lightning current component generating circuit) is connected to a direct current high voltage direct current power supply, the other end of the charging resistor is electrically connected to one end of an energy storage capacitor 1 and one end of a main switch 1, the other end of the main switch 1 is connected to one end of an inductor 1 and one end of a switch crowbar1, the other end of the inductor 1 is connected to one port of a coupling/decoupling network DCN1, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 1 and the other end of the crowbar switch 1 are connected to one end of a first current sensor CT1, and the other end of the first current sensor CT2 is grounded;
one end of a charging resistor of the second test loop is connected with a direct-current high-voltage direct-current power supply, the other end of the charging resistor is electrically connected with one end of an energy storage capacitor and one end of a main switch 2, the other end of the main switch 2 is connected with one end of an inductor 2 and one end of a crowbar switch 2, the other end of the inductor 2 is connected with one port of a coupling/decoupling network DCN2, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 2 is connected with the other end of the crowbar switch 2 and connected to one end of a second current sensor CT2, and the other end of the second current sensor CT2 is grounded;
the input end of a transformer of the third test loop is connected with a 380V power supply, the output end of the transformer of the third test loop is connected with the full-bridge rectifier module, the high-voltage end of the output of the full-bridge rectifier module is connected with one end of a smoothing reactor, the other end of the smoothing reactor is connected with one end of a main switch, the other end of the main switch is connected with one end of a coupling/decoupling network DCN3, the low-voltage end of the output of the full-bridge rectifier module is connected with a third current sensor CT3, and the other end of the third current sensor CT 63;
the other ends of the first, second and third coupling/decoupling networks DCN1, DCN2, DCN3 are all connected together and to one end of the active gap, the other end of the active gap is terminated by one end of the optical fiber composite overhead ground cable OPGW, and the other end of the optical fiber composite overhead ground cable OPGW is grounded.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the waveform of the first lightning current component is a unipolar wave, and the peak value of the discharge current of the first lightning current component is generally 100kA or 200kA and the duration of the discharge current is not more than 500 μ s; the waveform of the middle second lightning current component is a unipolar wave, the average discharge current of the middle second lightning current component is not less than 2kA, the charge quantity is not less than 10C, the duration is not more than 5ms, and other lightning parameters can be properly changed except that the duration cannot be too short. The long-duration third lightning current component generation loop is a direct current source with longer duration, and the current amplitude, the charge quantity and the duration of the long-duration third lightning current component generation loop meet the requirements that the direct current amplitude is 100-400A (adjustable), the charge quantity is 50-200C (adjustable), and the duration is adjustable within 0.5 s.
The first lightning current component generating circuit has the characteristics of high discharge voltage and large discharge current, and can apply initial energy to the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire with a certain action gap and ensure effective ignition of a second lightning current component in the middle of the follow-up operation; the second lightning current component has the characteristics of high working voltage and long discharge time, and can successfully ignite the subsequent third lightning current component with low voltage and long duration. The rated discharge voltage of the first lightning current component generating loop is generally not less than 100kV, and the stray current of the lightning current at the lightning stroke attachment point can be simulated accurately.
Referring to fig. 3, the OPGW lightning strike effect test of the present invention includes that the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component, and the long-duration third lightning current component generating loop are all provided with a coupling/decoupling network, wherein the coupling/decoupling network DCN1 is used to ensure the accurate application of the first lightning current component to the tested object and the effective isolation of the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component, and to prevent the influence and damage of the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component on the first testing loop;
the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 is used for ensuring the accurate application of the second lightning current component to the tested object and inhibiting the influence and damage of the first lightning current component and the third lightning current component; the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 functions to ensure accurate application of the third lightning current component to the test object and to suppress the influence and damage of the first and second lightning current components. In this sense, the third coupling and decoupling network DCN3 is essentially a low pass filter or inverse filter. The coupling/decoupling networks DCN1, DCN2 for the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component may be generally implemented with a discharge gap, a capacitor, a resistor, or a combination thereof; the coupling/decoupling network DCN3 for the third lightning current component may be a low-pass network composed of an inductor and a capacitor, or a low-pass network composed of an inductor and a protection element.
Referring to fig. 5, the measurement and control unit of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire triple lightning direct attack effect test is divided into a control unit and a measurement unit. The control unit is composed of a main control unit (an industrial control computer), a programmable logic controller, a microcomputer processing unit, an optical isolation module and a high-voltage trigger module; the measuring unit consists of an industrial control computer and an oscilloscope.
The operating principle of the control unit is described as follows:
the main control unit (industrial control computer) is mainly used for setting test parameters, controlling the time sequence of a test mode, controlling the test state and displaying on line. The test parameters can be set on a measurement and control software interface of an industrial control computer, and include the discharge voltage of a first lightning current component generation loop, the discharge interval between a main switch and a Crowbar switch, and the distance between discharge ball gaps of the main switch; the discharging voltage of the second lightning current component generating circuit, the discharging interval between the main switch and the Crowbar switch, the distance between the discharging ball gaps of the main switch, the acting time of the first lightning current component generating circuit, the second lightning current component generating circuit and the third lightning current component generating circuit, the time interval between the triple lightning current generating circuits and the like; the test state control and display mainly comprises the on/off of a charging power supply of the triple lightning current generation loop, the rising/lowering of the charging voltage, the discharging of the generation loop, the emergency stop in the test process and the like.
The programmable logic controller is used for controlling execution of the received time sequence of the test mode, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, the control of the charging unit of the first lightning current component generation loop and the second lightning current component generation loop mainly comprises the on/off of high voltage and the rising/falling of the high voltage.
Adjusting and controlling the discharge switches of the first lightning current component generating circuit and the second lightning current component generating circuit mainly comprises adjusting the gap distance of the main switch, so that the gap distance of the main switch can be automatically adjusted along with the change of the preset discharge voltage.
And thirdly, manually and automatically controlling a main switch of the first lightning current component generating circuit and the second lightning current component generating circuit, and releasing energy initially stored by the system through a waveform forming component to generate a lightning current component waveform with expected design.
And fourthly, safe discharge control of the energy storage capacitor in the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component generation loop is realized, and when a system fails or stops a test in the operation process, electromagnetic field energy on the energy storage capacitor element must be discharged completely, so that an operator is prevented from touching illegally when entering an experimental area to cause an accident.
Control of input/cut-off of third lightning current component with long duration.
The main functions of the microcomputer processing unit mainly include the following aspects:
firstly, accurately controlling a discharge time sequence between a main switch and a Crowbar switch in a first lightning current component generation loop of an optical fiber composite overhead ground wire lightning stroke effect test;
secondly, accurately controlling a discharge time sequence between a main switch and a Crowbar switch in a second lightning current component generation loop of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire lightning stroke effect test;
thirdly, accurately controlling the time sequence among a first lightning current component, a second lightning current component and a third lightning current component of the lightning stroke effect test;
and fourthly, controlling the input and the cut-off of the third lightning current component.
The working principle of the measuring unit is described as follows:
(1) and setting test parameters related to measurement on a measurement and control software interface of an industrial control computer, wherein the test parameters comprise scale factors of a first current sensor, a second current sensor and a third current sensor, an expected value of the amplitude of a first lightning current component to be tested, an expected value of the amplitude of a second lightning current component, an expected value of the amplitude of a third current component and a working mode of an oscilloscope.
(2) And after the industrial control computer receives a discharge instruction of the lightning current component generating circuit, the industrial control computer reads the measurement waveform data of the oscilloscope through the optical network port and then performs analysis of test data and screen output display.
Referring to fig. 6, the measurement and control process of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire lightning stroke effect test of the invention is as follows:
1) and opening a main loop of the OPGW lightning direct effect test, a microcomputer processing unit, a programmable logic controller and a power supply of a computer measurement and control management system.
2) And starting an operation program of the computer measurement and control management system.
3) Setting time sequence control parameters of a triple lightning direct effect test of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire on a human-computer interaction interface of a computer measurement and control management program, wherein the time sequence control parameters comprise time sequence control parameters between a main switch and a Crowbar switch of a first lightning current component generating loop, time sequence control parameters between a main switch and a Crowbar switch of a second lightning current component generating loop, time sequence control parameters between the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and a long-duration third lightning current component, and action time of the third lightning current component. Then clicking 'confirm' on the human-computer interaction interface of the computer measurement and control management program, and transmitting all control parameters to the microcomputer control processing unit.
4) The charging voltage and the discharging voltage of a first lightning current component generating loop and the gap distance of a main discharging switch in a lightning current triggering component 1 generating loop are set on a human-computer interaction interface of a computer measurement and control management program, an 'adjusting' button of the discharging switch is clicked, and a control system adjusts the distance of a switch electrode to a proper position according to the set discharging voltage.
5) And setting the charging voltage and the discharging voltage of the second lightning current component generating circuit and the gap distance of a main discharging switch in the second lightning current component generating circuit on a human-computer interaction interface of a computer measurement and control management program, clicking a discharging switch 'adjusting' button, and adjusting the distance of a switch electrode to a proper position by a control system according to the set discharging voltage.
6) And when the microcomputer processing unit detects that the charging voltage of the energy storage capacitor in the generating loop is greater than or equal to the preset discharging voltage, the microcomputer control processing unit outputs a first control pulse.
7) The microcomputer control processing unit firstly outputs a first control signal to the optical isolation module, outputs the first control signal to one path of control end of the high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, controls the 1 st path of high-voltage trigger module to act and outputs one path of control pulse to a trigger loop of a main discharge switch 1 of the first lightning current component generator, and the trigger loop works and enables the main discharge switch of the first lightning current component generation loop to be triggered and conducted.
8) The microcomputer control processing unit enters a timing state after receiving the first control signal output from the microcomputer control processing unit, when the timing time meets the preset time sequence control parameter between the main switch and the Crowbar switch of the first lightning current component, the microcomputer control processing unit outputs a second control signal, the second control signal reaches the control end of the 2 nd high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the 2 nd high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act and outputs a control pulse to a trigger loop of the Crowbar discharge switch of the first lightning current component generator, and the trigger loop works and enables the Crowbar discharge switch of the first lightning current component generation loop to be triggered and conducted;
9) similarly, when the timing time meets the preset time interval between the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component, the microcomputer controls the power supply to output a third control signal to the optical isolation module, the third control signal is output to one high-voltage trigger module control end through the optical isolation module, the 3 rd high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act and output one control pulse to a trigger loop of a main discharge switch of a second lightning current component generating loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the main discharge switch of the second lightning current component generating loop to be triggered and conducted; when the timing time meets the preset time sequence control parameter between the main switch of the second lightning current component and the Crowbar switch, the microcomputer control processing unit outputs a fourth control signal, the fourth control signal reaches the control end of the 4 th high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the 4 th high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act and output a control pulse to a trigger loop of the Crowbar discharge switch of the second lightning current component generator, and the trigger loop works and enables the Crowbar discharge switch of the second lightning current component generation loop to be triggered and conducted.
When the timing time meets the preset time sequence control parameter between the second lightning current component and the long-duration third lightning current component, the microcomputer control processing unit outputs a 5 th control signal, the control signal reaches the control end of the 5 th trigger control module through the optical isolation module, the 5 th control module is controlled to act and outputs a control signal to close a switch of a long-duration lightning current injection component generation loop, and the lightning current injection component is applied to an OPGW (optical ground wire) of a tested article; when the switch closing time of the third lightning current injection component generation circuit meets the preset action time of the third lightning current component, the microcomputer control processing unit outputs a control signal to disconnect the switch of the third lightning current component generation circuit. Thus, the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component are continuously and continuously applied to the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire of the tested object in sequence.
The computer measurement and control management system processes the data of the lightning direct effect test, displays the waveform parameters and the test waveforms of the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component on line, and stores the test data and the waveforms in the computer for historical data query and report output, and the one-time lightning direct effect test process of the OPGW is completed.
The embodiments given above are preferable examples for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any non-essential addition and replacement made by the technical characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention by a person skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire is characterized in that a tested optical fiber composite ground cable is respectively connected with triple test loops which are connected in parallel between measurement and control management systems through action gaps;
the first test loop outputs a first lightning current component with voltage more than 100kV, current peak value 100 kA-200 kA and duration not more than 500 mu s to the action gap, and comprises a first lightning current generation loop, a first coupling/decoupling network DCN1 and a first current sensor CT1 which are sequentially connected; the first lightning current generation loop comprises a charging unit, a discharging unit and a waveform forming unit;
the second test loop outputs a second lightning current component with the charge quantity not less than 10C, the average discharge current not less than 2kA and the duration time of 2-5 ms to the action gap, and the second test loop comprises a second lightning current generation loop, a second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 and a second current sensor CT2 which are sequentially connected; the second lightning current generation loop comprises a charging unit, a discharging unit and a waveform forming unit;
the third test loop outputs a third lightning current component with the amplitude of 100-400A of direct current, the charge amount of 50-200C and the duration of 0.25-1 s to the action gap, and comprises a third lightning current generation loop, a third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 and a third current sensor CT3 which are sequentially connected; the third lightning current generation loop comprises a charging unit, a discharging unit and a waveform forming unit;
the measurement and control management system controls the time sequence parameters of the triple test loops and comprises a control unit and a measurement unit; the control unit comprises a main control unit, a programmable logic controller and a micro processing unit which are respectively connected with the main control unit, and the measuring unit comprises an oscilloscope which is connected with the main control unit; the programmable logic controller is respectively connected with the charging unit and the discharging unit of the triple test loop; the micro processing unit is connected with the switches of the triple test loops through the photoelectric isolation module and the high-voltage trigger module respectively; the oscillograph is respectively connected with the current sensors of the triple test loops, and the measurement data of the oscillograph is uploaded to the main control unit through a wireless network;
the measurement and control management system controls the time sequence parameters of the triple test loops through the control unit, and the measurement and control management system comprises: the discharge voltage in the first test loop, the discharge interval between the main switch 1 and the Crowbar switch 1 and the distance between the discharge ball gaps of the main switch 1;
the discharge voltage in the second test loop, the discharge interval between the main switch 2 and the Crowbar switch 2, the distance between the discharge ball gaps of the main switch 2, the action time of the first test loop, the second test loop and the third test loop and the time interval between the triple lightning current generation loops; the control unit also performs the setting of the following parameters: the on/off of the charging unit in the triple lightning current generation circuit, the rise/fall of the charging voltage, the discharge of the test circuit, and the emergency stop during the test.
2. The triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1, wherein the first lightning current component applies amplitude and energy which can simulate direct lightning in a natural environment to a tested object, can break down and conduct an action gap and can successfully ignite the second lightning current component;
the second lightning current component is to apply a middle component current to the tested object, the working voltage is not lower than hundred kilovolts, and the third lightning current component can be successfully ignited;
the third lightning current component is a direct current with a substantially constant output voltage.
3. The triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1, wherein the first test loop comprises a charging resistor, an energy storage capacitor 1, a forming inductor 1, a main switch 1 and a Crowbar switch 1, one end of the charging resistor is connected with a direct current high voltage direct current power supply, and the other end of the charging resistor is respectively and electrically connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor and one end of the main switch 1; the other end of the main switch 1 is connected with one end forming an inductor and one end of the Crowbar switch 1; the other end of the formed inductor 1 is connected with one port of a first coupling/decoupling network DCN1, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 1 is connected with the other end of the Crowbar switch 1 and is connected with one end of a first current sensor CT1, and the other end of the first current sensor CT1 is grounded;
the second test loop comprises a charging resistor, an energy storage capacitor 2, a forming inductor 2, a main switch 2 and a Crowbar switch 2, wherein one end of the charging resistor is connected with a direct-current high-voltage direct-current power supply, and the other end of the charging resistor is respectively and electrically connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor 2 and one end of the main switch 2; the other end of the main switch 2 is connected with one end of the inductor 2 and one end of the Crowbar switch 2; the other end of the formed inductor 2 is connected with one port of a second coupling/decoupling network DCN2, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 2 is connected with the other end of the Crowbar switch 2 and is connected with one end of a second current sensor CT2, and the other end of the second current sensor CT2 is grounded;
the third test loop comprises a transformer with an input end connected with a 380V power supply, the output end of the transformer is connected with a full-bridge rectifier module, the high-voltage end of the output of the full-bridge rectifier module is connected with one end of a smoothing reactor, the other end of the smoothing reactor is connected with one end of a main switch 3, the other end of the main switch 3 is connected with one end of a third coupling/decoupling network DCN3, the low-voltage end of the output of the full-bridge rectifier module is connected with a third current measuring sensor CT3, and the other end of the third current sensor CT3 is grounded; the other ends of the first coupling/decoupling network DCN1, the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 and the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 are connected together and are connected with one end of the acting gap, the other end of the acting gap is connected with one end of the optical fiber composite overhead ground cable, and the other end of the optical fiber composite overhead ground cable is grounded.
4. The triple continuous timing sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1, wherein the first coupling/decoupling network DCN1 ensures the accurate application of the first lightning current component to the tested object, and prevents the influence and damage of the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component on the first test loop; it is composed of discharge gap, capacitor, resistor or their combination;
the second coupling/decoupling network DCN2 ensures that the second lightning current component is accurately applied to the tested object, and prevents the first lightning current component and the third lightning current component from influencing and damaging the second test loop; it is composed of discharge gap, capacitor, resistor or their combination;
the third coupling/decoupling network DCN3 ensures that the third lightning current component is accurately applied to the tested object, and prevents the first lightning current component and the second lightning current component from influencing and damaging the third test loop; which is a low pass filter or an inverse filter.
5. The triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1, wherein the programmable logic controller performs time sequence control execution of a test mode after receiving the instruction of the control unit:
firstly, controlling charging units in a first test loop and a second test loop, wherein the control comprises on/off of high voltage and rising/falling of the high voltage;
adjusting and controlling discharge switches in the first test loop and the second test loop, wherein the adjustment of the gap distance between the main switch 1 and the main switch 2 is included, so that the gap distance between the main switch 1 and the main switch 2 is adjusted along with the change of preset discharge voltage;
manually and automatically controlling main switches in the first test loop and the second test loop, and releasing initially stored energy through a waveform forming component to generate a lightning current component waveform with an expected design;
the safe discharge control of the energy storage capacitors in the first test loop and the second test loop is realized, and when a system fails or stops a test in the running process, the electromagnetic field energy on the energy storage capacitor element must be completely discharged;
and fifthly, controlling the input/cut-off of the third test loop.
6. The triple sequential timing test device for the lightning strike effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1, wherein the control of the micro-processing unit comprises:
firstly, accurately controlling a discharge time sequence between a main switch 1 and a Crowbar switch 1 in a first test loop;
the accurate control of the discharge time sequence between the main switch 2 and the Crowbar switch 2 in the second test loop;
the accurate control of time sequence among the first test loop, the second test loop and the third test loop;
and fourthly, controlling the input and the cut-off of the third test loop.
7. The triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1, wherein the control of the measuring unit is as follows:
setting test parameters related to measurement through a main control unit, wherein the test parameters comprise scale factors of a first current sensor CT1, a second current sensor CT2 and a third current sensor CT3, an expected value of the amplitude of a first lightning current component, an expected value of the amplitude of a second lightning current component, an expected value of the amplitude of a third current component and a working mode of an oscilloscope;
the current waveforms of the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third current component are respectively extracted and input into the oscilloscope through the first current sensor CT1, the second current sensor CT2 and the third current sensor CT3, and after the main control unit receives a discharge instruction of the lightning current component generating loop, the main control unit reads measurement waveform data of the oscilloscope to analyze test data and display a screen.
8. The lightning stroke effect test method of the triple continuous time sequence test device for the lightning stroke effect of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following operations:
1) starting up after the tested object is ready to be connected, setting time sequence control parameters of the triple lightning direct effect test of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire through the main control unit, and transmitting all the control parameters to the micro processing unit;
2) the charging voltage and the discharging voltage of the first test loop and the gap distance of the main switch 1 in the first lightning current generation loop are set through the main control unit, and the programmable logic controller adjusts the electrode distance of the main switch 1 according to the set discharging voltage; the charging voltage and the discharging voltage of the second test loop and the gap distance of the main switch 2 in the second lightning current generation loop are set through the main control unit, and the programmable logic controller adjusts the electrode distance of the main switch 2 according to the set discharging voltage;
3) a charging power supply is switched on, a first test loop and a second test loop of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire lightning stroke effect test are charged, and when the micro processing unit detects that the charging voltage of energy storage capacitors in the first test loop and the second test loop is greater than or equal to the preset discharging voltage, the micro processing unit outputs a first control pulse;
4) the micro-processing unit outputs a first control signal to the optical isolation module, the first control signal is output to the control end of the first high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the micro-processing unit controls the micro-processing unit to act and outputs a control pulse to a trigger loop of a main switch of the first test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the main switch of the first test loop to be triggered and conducted; the micro processing unit receives a first control signal output from the micro processing unit, enters a timing state, outputs a second control signal when the timing time meets a preset time sequence control parameter between the main switch 1 and the Crowbar switch 1 of the first test loop, reaches the control end of the second high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, controls the second high-voltage trigger module to act and outputs a control pulse to the trigger loop of the Crowbar switch 1 of the first test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the Crowbar switch 1 of the first test loop to be triggered and conducted;
5) when the timing time meets the preset time interval between the first test loop and the second test loop, the micro-processing unit outputs a third control signal to the optical isolation module, the third control signal is output to the control end of the third high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the third high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act, a control pulse is output to the trigger loop of the main switch 2 of the second test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the main switch 2 of the second test loop to be triggered and conducted; when the timing time meets the preset timing control parameter between the main switch 2 and the Crowbar switch 2 of the second test loop, the micro-processing unit outputs a fourth control signal, the fourth control signal reaches the control end of a fourth high-voltage trigger module through the optical isolation module, the fourth high-voltage trigger module is controlled to act, a control pulse is output to the trigger loop of the Crowbar switch 2 of the second test loop, and the trigger loop works and enables the Crowbar switch 2 of the second test loop to be triggered and conducted;
6) when the timing time meets the preset time sequence control parameter between the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component, the micro-processing unit outputs a fifth control signal, the fifth control signal reaches the control end of the fifth trigger control module through the optical isolation module, the fifth control module is controlled to act and outputs a control signal to close the main switch 3 of the third test loop, and the third lightning current component is applied to the tested object;
7) when the closing time of the main switch 3 of the third test loop meets the preset action time of the third lightning current component, the micro-processing unit outputs a control signal to disconnect the main switch 3 of the third test loop generation loop; the first lightning current component, the second lightning current component and the third lightning current component are sequentially and uninterruptedly applied to the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire of the tested object, the detection result is extracted and input into the oscilloscope by the first current sensor CT1, the second current sensor CT2 and the third current sensor CT3, and the measurement waveform data of the oscilloscope is read by the main control unit to analyze the test data and display the test data on a screen.
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