CN107261458B

CN107261458B - Upper body stabilizing device for gliding movement simulation equipment

Info

Publication number: CN107261458B
Application number: CN201710576780.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阎东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-07-14
Filing date: 2017-07-14
Publication date: 2022-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2037-07-14
Also published as: CN107261458A; WO2019011283A1

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of sports equipment, and particularly provides an upper body stabilizing device for gliding motion simulation equipment. The invention aims to solve the problems that the sliding motion simulation equipment in the prior art can not enable a user to feel the influence of external force on the body when the user really slides and the protection measures are insufficient. To this end, the present invention provides an upper body stabilizing device for a sliding motion simulation apparatus including a foot supporting means for a user to stand so as to support both feet of the user and simulate a sliding motion, the upper body stabilizing device having an upper end connected to the upper body of the user and a lower end connected to the foot supporting means for applying centrifugal force and falling force to the user and safety protection. Through the structure, a user can feel the motion inertia as the real sliding motion (such as skiing), real motion body feeling is brought to the user, and the training effect is effectively improved.

Description

Upper body stabilizing device for gliding sports simulation equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of sports equipment, and particularly provides an upper body stabilizing device for sliding motion simulation equipment.

Background

The sliding movement can bring the feeling of flying and the feeling of thrilling stimulation to people, and can make people feel happy and relax. More and more people are engaged in the team of gliding sports. However, each sliding exercise has a high requirement on the sports enthusiast, and good balance ability and physical control ability are the key to mastering the sliding exercise, so that the sliding exercise has higher difficulty, and a beginner is easy to fall and hurt because of the limited technical level, and the physical and mental of the beginner are affected, so that the exercise needs to be trained for a long time to master the use method of the sports equipment, and further feels the unusual feeling brought by the sliding exercise.

In order to enable beginners to master the skill of sliding sports more safely and more quickly and improve the technical level, various simulation devices such as a skiing trainer, a skating trainer and the like appear successively, and the simulation devices not only can ensure the safety of the beginners, but also can solve the limitation of sliding sports fields and experience the interest of sliding sports indoors.

Take skiing as an example, the sportsman is at the skiing in-process, slide forward with certain speed, because receive external force and the influence of centrifugal force when turning to, the sportsman not only the foot need overcome external force, simultaneously, other positions such as waist and shank also can all receive the influence of external force, what beginner need study is how to make reaction action adjustment focus, and then overcome external force influence, consequently, to the user, except studying professional action, the influence of external force and centrifugal force that the experience and overcome different scenes brought, and with correct repetitive training, it becomes especially important to accelerate to form muscle memory. However, most of the conventional simulation devices are connected to the feet of the beginners, and since the simulation devices are fixedly placed on the ground, the influence of the external force on the body when the user actually slides cannot be felt by other body parts of the beginners. In addition, some current analog devices have set up the handrail, prevent that the user from falling down, but this kind of protection mode can not discern user's dangerous action, has certain not enough in the aspect of the safety protection, and simultaneously, it is unfavorable to overcome the psychological obstacle to the beginner.

Disclosure of Invention

The problem that a user cannot feel the influence of external force on the body when actually sliding and the problem that protective measures are insufficient in the sliding motion simulation equipment in the prior art is solved. To this end, the present invention provides an upper body stabilizing device for a sliding motion simulation apparatus including a foot supporting means for a user to stand so as to support both feet of the user and simulate a sliding motion, characterized in that the upper body stabilizing device is connected at an upper end thereof to the upper body of the user and at a lower end thereof to the foot supporting means for applying a centrifugal force and a falling force to the user.

In the above preferred technical solution of the upper body stabilizing device for a gliding exercise simulation apparatus, the upper body stabilizing device includes a collar and a support bar, the collar is used for surrounding the upper body of the user, the upper end of the support bar is connected with the collar, and the lower end of the support bar is fixedly connected to the foot supporting device.

In the above preferred technical solution for the upper body stabilizing apparatus for a sliding motion simulating device, the sliding motion simulating device further comprises a driving device, the driving device comprises a support bar driver, and the support bar driver is arranged on the foot supporting device and used for driving the support bar to pivot relative to the foot supporting device, so as to apply centrifugal force and safety protection to the body of the user.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution for the upper body stabilizing device of the sliding exercise simulation apparatus, the driving means further comprises a retractor provided on the foot supporting means for pulling the collar downward, thereby applying a falling force and simulating a change in the exercise load to the user.

In the above-described preferred embodiment of the upper body stabilizing device for a gliding movement simulation apparatus, the support bar includes a first support bar connected to the collar and capable of telescoping relative to a second support bar connected to the foot support.

In the above-described preferred embodiment of the upper body stabilizing apparatus for a sliding motion simulation device, the support bar further includes a biasing member disposed between the first support bar and the second support bar, and the biasing member moves the first support bar in a direction extending beyond the second support bar.

In the above-described preferred embodiment of the upper body stabilizing apparatus for a sliding motion simulating device, the retractor includes a retractor body and a traction cable having one end connected to the retractor body and the other end connected to the first support rod so as to move the first support rod in a direction retracting into the second support rod against the urging force of the biasing member when necessary, thereby applying a falling force to a user.

In the above-described preferred embodiment of the upper body stabilizing apparatus for a gliding motion simulation device, the foot supporting means includes a support frame and a gliding simulation assembly, the gliding simulation assembly being flexibly mounted on the support frame, and a lower end of the upper body stabilizing apparatus being connected to the gliding simulation assembly.

In the above-described preferred embodiment of the upper body stabilizing device for a sliding motion simulation apparatus, the sliding simulation assembly includes a rotating simulation member and a sliding simulation member provided above the rotating simulation member, and the sliding simulation member is mounted on the support frame via the rotating simulation member.

In the above preferred technical solution for the upper body stabilizing apparatus for a sliding motion simulator, the sliding motion simulator is one of a skiing simulator, a grass-skating simulator, a roller-skating simulator, a sand-skiing simulator, a surfing simulator, a skating simulator and a rowing simulator.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper body stabilizing device is used to apply centrifugal force, falling force and safety protection to the user, so that the user can feel the true feeling of the body part caused by the inertia of the user during the real sliding, such as the centrifugal force applied to the body during the turning and the load applied to the lower limbs of the user by the centrifugal force during the turning, and the like, to present a nearly real skiing experience to the user.

In addition, the upper body stabilizing device comprises a lantern ring and a supporting rod, wherein the lantern ring can encircle the waist of a user, and on the basis of protecting the safety of the user, the lantern ring can apply centrifugal force to the user by means of the supporting rod, so that the user feels the feeling of the body when steering or other actions, and the user feels the situation similar to real sliding movement from the simulation equipment.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in connection with a ski simulating apparatus and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the ski sport simulation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the foot support of the ski simulating apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the rotation simulating member of the ski motion simulating apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the upper body stabilizing device of the ski movement simulating apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a collar of the ski motion simulation apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the support pole of the ski motion simulation apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

figure 7 is an enlarged view of the retractor of the ski movement simulating apparatus of figure 1.

List of reference numbers:

1. a foot support; 2. an upper body stabilizing device; 11. a support frame; 111. a support member; 121. a rotation simulating member; 122. a sliding simulation member; 1211. fixing the disc; 1212. a turntable; 1213. a connecting plate; 1221. a central fixed seat; 1222. a first side fixing seat; 1223. a second side fixing seat; 1224. a first lateral foot anchor; 12241. a first pedal; 12242. a lace for the foot; 12243. a connecting member; 12244. a strap for the leg; 1225. a second lateral foot retainer; 34. a support bar driver; 35. a retractor; 21. a collar; 22. a support bar; 211. a waist support; 212. backing up; 213. a safety belt; 214. a first tilt detector; 215. a first pressure sensor; 216. a first transverse link; 217. a second transverse connecting rod; 218. a first locating pin; 219. a second tilt detector; 221. a first support bar; 222. a second support bar; 223. a third support bar; 224. a fourth support bar; 225. a mounting frame; 351. a retractor body; 352. pulling the cable; 23. a second pressure sensor; 24. and (7) mounting the plate.

Detailed Description

First, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, although the description and drawings describe a two-board ski as the preferred embodiment, it is clear that the ski could be a single board ski or other sliding member (e.g., pulleys, sandboards, etc.) instead, to apply the solution of the invention to other sliding devices, which can be adapted by the skilled person as required to suit the specific application.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring first to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a ski exercise simulating apparatus according to the present invention; fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the foot support of the ski-sports simulation apparatus shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the skiing motion simulation apparatus includes: a foot support 1 for a user to stand on, in use, the user may place both feet into the foot support 1 in order to support the user's feet and simulate gliding movements, such as steering, deceleration, etc. technical movements; the upper body stabilising device 2, in particular the foot support 1, comprises a support frame 11 and a sliding simulation assembly (not indicated in its entirety) mounted in a flexible manner on the support frame 11, the lower end of the upper body stabilising device 2 being connected to the sliding simulation assembly. It is known that, due to the soft nature of the terrain and snow, the snowboard will have a slight jolt during its sliding on the snow, and to better simulate this, the sliding simulation assembly is mounted in a flexible manner on the support frame 11. Four support members 111 may be provided between the support frame 11 and the sliding simulation module, and both ends of the support members 111 may be connected to the support frame 11 and the sliding simulation module through universal joints, respectively. Furthermore, a limit component can be arranged on the universal joint to restrict the swing amplitude of the sliding simulation component relative to the support frame 11. As an example, the support member 111 may be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, a spring, or the like. Of course, this is not limiting and the support member 111 may be any other flexible support member.

Referring next to fig. 3 and with continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the rotational simulation member of the ski movement simulation apparatus shown in fig. 1. The sliding simulation assembly includes a rotating simulation member 121 and a sliding simulation member 122 disposed above the rotating simulation member 121, the sliding simulation member 122 being mounted on the support frame 11 by means of the rotating simulation member 121. Specifically, the rotating simulation member 121 includes a fixed disk 1211 and a rotating disk 1212, which are capable of rotating relative to each other, the fixed disk 1211 is connected to the support frame 11, and the rotating disk 1212 is connected to the sliding simulation member 122, so that the sliding simulation member 122 can be mounted on the support frame 11 through the fixed disk 1211, and when the rotating disk 1212 rotates, the sliding simulation member 122 is driven to rotate relative to the support frame 11. Preferably, the rotation simulating member 121 may be a slewing bearing. It will be appreciated that whilst the above has been described in terms of a preferred embodiment in which a slewing bearing is used as the rotation simulating mechanism, it will be apparent that other alternatives may be used instead, for example tapered roller bearings or the like.

With continued reference to fig. 2, the sliding simulation member 122 includes a central mount 1221 (shown in fig. 7), first and second side mounts 1222, 1224, and second side mounts 1223, 1225. Specifically, a connecting plate 1213 may be fixedly disposed on the rotating disc 1212, the central fixing base 1221 is fixedly mounted on the connecting plate 1213, and the lower end of the upper body stabilizing device 2 is fixedly connected to the central fixing base 1221, so that when the rotating disc 1212 rotates, the central fixing base 1221 and the upper body stabilizing device 2 can be driven to rotate together. The first side fixing seat 1222 and the second side fixing seat 1223 are respectively disposed on the upper surface of the connecting plate 1213, and a connection line between the first side fixing seat 1222 and the second side fixing seat 1223 passes through a center of the rotary table 1212. Also pivotally connected to the upper end of the first side fixing base 1222 is a first side foot holder 1224, the first side foot holder 1224 being capable of pivoting to both sides relative to the first side fixing base 1222, sliding back and forth and being capable of bringing the first side fixing base 1222 to rotate together with the connecting plate 1213 about a vertical axis, the pivoting to both sides being accomplished by any suitable horizontal rotating shaft, the sliding back and forth being accomplished by a sliding groove structure as shown in fig. 2, and the rotating about the vertical axis being accomplished by any suitable vertical rotating shaft, however, the present invention is not limited to this specific pivoting structure and sliding structure, and the first side foot holder 1224 is used for fixing the left foot of the user. A second side foot holder 1225 is pivotally connected to the upper end of the second side fixing base 1223, the second side foot holder 1225 can pivot to both sides relative to the second side fixing base 1223, slide back and forth, and can drive the first side fixing base 1222 to rotate together relative to the connecting plate 1213 about a vertical axis, the pivoting to both sides can be achieved by any suitable horizontal rotating shaft, the sliding back and forth can be achieved by a sliding groove structure shown in fig. 2, and the rotating about the vertical axis can be achieved by any suitable vertical rotating shaft, however, the invention is not limited to this specific pivoting structure and sliding structure, and the second side foot holder 1225 is used for fixing the right foot of the user. Further, taking the first side foot holder 1224 as an example, the first side foot holder 1224 may further include a first tread 12241 and a cord 12242 with adjustable tightness for fixing the foot of the user, the cord being disposed on the first tread 12241, so that users with different foot sizes can fix the foot by the cord. On the other hand, a string 12244 for a leg portion may be provided. Specifically, a connecting member 12243 is fixedly provided on the first step 12241, and a string 12244 of a leg portion is provided at an upper end of the connecting member 12243, so that the string 12244 of the leg portion can adjustably fix the connecting member 12243 to the leg portion of the user when the user places his or her foot on the first step 12241. Likewise, the second side leg holder may be provided in the same configuration as the first side leg holder.

Referring next to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a structural view of an upper body stabilizing apparatus of the skiing motion simulation apparatus of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 4, the upper body stabilizing device 2 has an upper end connected to the upper body of the user and a lower end connected to the foot supporting device 1, and the upper body stabilizing device 2 serves to apply centrifugal force and falling force to the user, so that the user can feel a true feeling given to the body part by the inertia of the user in real skiing, such as the centrifugal force applied to the body when turning, the load given to the lower limbs of the user by technical motions made during turning, and the like, thereby presenting a real skiing feeling to the user.

Referring next to fig. 5 and with continued reference to fig. 4, fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the collar of the ski simulating apparatus of fig. 1. The upper body stabilizing device 2 comprises a collar 21 for encircling the upper body of the user and a support bar 22, the upper end of the support bar 22 being connected to the collar 21 and the lower end of the support bar 22 being fixedly connected to the foot support 1. In particular, the collar 21 has an adjustment function and may be provided in the form of a belt or a safety belt, and in addition to protecting the user, the collar 21 may be provided to apply a simulated centrifugal force directly to the user's waist, so that the user experiences the feeling of centrifugal force on the body in real skiing. Preferably, the ring 21 comprises a waist support 211, a back support 212 fixedly connected with the waist support 211, and a safety belt 213 adjustably connected with the waist support 211, wherein the waist support 211 is used for supporting the waist of the human body, and surrounds the waist of the human body through the safety belt 213, and the back support 212 is vertically placed with the waist support 211 and is used for supporting the back of the human body. Furthermore, a first pressure sensor 215 and a first inclination detector 214 can be arranged on the waist support 211 and the back support 212, the first pressure sensor 215 and the first inclination detector 214 are used for collecting the angle and pressure changes of the waist support 211 and the back support 212 and transmitting the information to the control unit, then the control unit judges whether the posture of the user is in an unbalance state or not according to the received information, if the balance is judged to be unbalance, the safety protection mode is started, the simulation equipment is recovered to the initial standing state, and the body of the user is recovered to the initial standing posture. Because user's waist and foot have been fixed, even if consequently the user also can not fall the injury because the improper unbalance of action, under the prerequisite that does not restrict the user and make technical motion, guaranteed user's safety.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, the lantern ring 21 is further connected with a first cross link 216, one end of the first cross link 216 is connected to the lumbar support 211, and the other end thereof is inserted into a second cross link 217, and the second cross link 217 is connected with the support rod 22 and is provided with a positioning pin capable of locking the length of the first cross link 216 inserted into the second cross link 217. In practical applications, the user can adjust the horizontal distance between the waist support 211 and the support rod 22 according to his or her stature and habit. Further, a second tilt detector 219 may be provided at the junction of the second cross link 217 and the support rod 22.

Referring next to fig. 6 with continued reference to fig. 4, fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the support pole of the ski exercise simulation apparatus shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 6, the support rods 22 may be provided as telescopic rods having adjustable heights, so that the user can adjust the heights of the support rods 22 according to his or her height and skiing habits, thereby allowing the collars 21 to be mounted at appropriate positions. Specifically, the support bar 22 includes a first support bar 221 and a second support bar 222, the first support bar 221 is connected with the second cross link 217, the first support bar 221 is inserted into the second support bar 222 and is capable of telescoping relative to the second support bar 222, and the second support bar 222 is connected to the foot support device 1. Preferably, a biasing member (not shown in the drawings) is provided between the first support bar 221 and the second support bar 222, and the biasing member is capable of moving the first support bar 221 in a direction to protrude out of the second support bar 222. In the preferred embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 6, the biasing member is a spring disposed within the second support bar 222, but it will be apparent that this option is not limiting and could be replaced by other means such as a pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, etc. Further, a second positioning pin can be arranged on the supporting rod 22, the second positioning pin can prevent the first supporting rod 221 from moving upwards under the action of the biasing member, an external flange can be arranged on the first supporting rod 221, the upper surface of the external flange is blocked by the second positioning pin to prevent the first supporting rod 221 from moving upwards, and therefore a user can adjust the height of the supporting rod 22 according to the height of the user and the skiing habit, the height of the lantern ring 21 is adjusted, and convenience is brought to the user.

With continuing reference to fig. 4 and 6, the support rod 22 further includes a mounting bracket 225, a third support rod 223 and a fourth support rod 224, the mounting bracket 225 is fixedly connected to the second support rod 222, and the two ends of the third support rod 223 are respectively connected to the mounting bracket 225 and the fourth support rod 224, so that the third support rod 223 is connected to the fourth support rod 224 in a downward-inclined manner, and the fourth support rod 224 is connected to the foot supporting device 1, so that the first support rod 221 and the second support rod 222 are located behind the user and the third support rod 223 is located between the legs of the user, thereby not affecting the use of the simulation device by the user.

Referring next to fig. 7, fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the retractor of the ski motion simulating apparatus of fig. 1. A second pressure sensor 23 is connected to the lower end of the fourth supporting rod 224, the second pressure sensor 23 is used for detecting the downward falling force of the human body, the second pressure sensor 23 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 24, and the mounting plate 24 is pivotally connected with the central fixing base 1221.

With continued reference to fig. 7, the sliding motion simulator further comprises a driving device, which comprises a support bar driver 34, the support bar driver 34 is disposed under the connecting plate 1213, and can drive the support bar 22 to rotate relative to the foot support 1, when the user makes a turn, a blade, etc., the main control unit controls the support bar driver 34 to rotate the support bar 22, so that the user can feel the centrifugal force applied to the user when turning, and the user must adjust the body balance through the waist to overcome the effect of the centrifugal force, thereby greatly improving the user experience of the sliding motion simulator.

With continued reference to fig. 7, the drive means further comprises a retractor provided on the foot support 1 for pulling the collar 21 downwardly to apply a falling force to the user to feel the moving load on the user's legs. Specifically, the retractor comprises a retractor body 351 and a traction cable 352, one end of the traction cable 352 is connected with the first support rod 221, the other end of the traction cable 352 passes through the inside of the second support rod 222 and the third support rod 223 and is connected to the retractor body 351, when a user turns or other situations needing to exert a falling force, the retractor body 351 can pull the traction cable 352, when the pulling force of the retractor body 351 exceeds the upward biasing force of the biasing member, the first support rod 221 is pulled downwards so as to drive the collar 21 to move downwards, therefore, the user can be subjected to the falling force, the leg and foot loads become larger, and the feeling of the body of the player when the body is influenced by an external force under the conditions of turning and the like can be truly simulated.

Finally, it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that although the present invention is described herein in connection with a two-board ski simulation apparatus, the gliding movement simulation apparatus of the present invention can be applied to both a two-board ski simulation apparatus and a one-board ski simulation apparatus, and can also be applied to simulate other gliding movements, such as simulating grass, surfing, sand skiing, and the like.

So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An upper body stabilising arrangement for a gliding movement simulating device comprising foot support means for a user to stand on in order to support both feet of the user and simulate a gliding movement,

wherein the upper body stabilizing means has an upper end connected to the upper body of the user and a lower end connected to the foot supporting means for applying centrifugal and falling forces to the user;

the upper body stabilizing device comprises a lantern ring and a supporting rod, the lantern ring is used for surrounding the upper body of a user, the upper end of the supporting rod is connected with the lantern ring, and the lower end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected to the foot supporting device;

the gliding motion simulation apparatus further comprises a driving device comprising a support bar driver disposed on the foot support for driving the support bar to pivot relative to the foot support, thereby applying centrifugal force and safety protection to a user;

the drive device further comprises a retractor disposed on the foot support for drawing the collar downwardly to apply a downward force to the user.

2. The upper body stabilizing arrangement for a gliding motion simulation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support bar comprises a first support bar connected to the collar and being telescopic relative to a second support bar connected to the foot support.

3. The upper body stabilizing apparatus for a gliding motion simulation device according to claim 2, wherein the support bar further comprises a biasing member disposed between the first support bar and the second support bar, the biasing member moving the first support bar in a direction extending beyond the second support bar.

4. The upper body stabilizing apparatus for a coasting movement simulation device of claim 3, wherein the retractor includes a retractor body and a traction cable having one end connected to the retractor body and the other end connected to the first support rod to move the first support rod in a direction retracting into the second support rod, when necessary, against the force of the biasing member, thereby applying a downforce to the user.

5. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the foot support comprises a support frame and a glide simulation assembly on which the glide simulation assembly is flexibly mounted, the lower end of the device being connected to the glide simulation assembly.

6. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the glide simulation assembly comprises a rotating simulation member and a glide simulation member disposed above the rotating simulation member, the glide simulation member being mounted on the support frame by means of the rotating simulation member.

7. A upper body stabilizing arrangement for a gliding sports simulation device according to claim 6, wherein the gliding sports simulation device is one of a skiing simulation device, a grass-skating simulation device, a roller-skating simulation device, a sand-skating simulation device, a surfing simulation device, a skating simulation device and a rowing simulation device.