CN107247128A - The model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under real-time measurement condition of raining - Google Patents
The model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under real-time measurement condition of raining Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under a kind of real-time measurement condition of raining, includes the see-through model casing of top and front opening, and casing upper end sets rainfall system；Casing front bottom end, which is flexibly connected on stand, stand, sets force loading device, and simulation sliding surface is connected by transmission rod with force loading device, and the simulation sliding surface is generally aligned in the same plane with transmission rod；Force snesor is set on transmission rod, model box house sets moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction sensor and displacement transducer；Force snesor, moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction sensor and displacement transducer are connected with data collecting system.The present invention can be realized under different condition of raining（Rainfall intensity, rainfall pattern）, Eccentric Loads in Layered Soils and Research is carried out to the failure mode on landslide, initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process etc. under different pulling speeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Geotechnical Engineering slope model test device, more particularly to one kind can real-time measurement condition of raining
The model test apparatus of lower retrogressive landslide sliding process, the slope model test applied to Geotechnical Engineering.
Background technology
China is that Landslide Hazards are extremely frequently national, is come down to people life property safety, economic development, environment
Protect the infringement for having caused huge.Circulated a notice of to count on national geological disaster according to Ministry of Land and Resources, 2004 to 2012, entirely
Geological disaster more than 240,000 occurs for Kuomintang-Communist, causes people more than 7000 missing, wrecked, and people more than 3000 is injured, and direct economic loss is up to 300
Many hundred million yuan, wherein landslide proportion is about 67%.
The Landslide Model experimental technique of domestic and international comparative maturity mainly has frictional landslide bottom, passage formula and centrifugal, cunning
Bottom of slope, which frictionally comes down, tests the change occurred using substrate frictional force instead of gravity simulation landslide and destructive process, has the disadvantage not
The ess-strain and placement property on energy quantitative study landslide；Thrust load caused landslide model test is using the application thrust on rear side of slopes
Mode slides slopes, has the disadvantage that the Evolution of retrogressive landslide especially multistage retrogressive landslide can not be simulated；From
Core type Landslide Model simulates the correlation properties of Landslide Evolution using centrifugal testing machine, has the disadvantage that the evolution on landslide can not be controlled
Journey.
Retrogressive landslide is important Landslides, and the startup of retrogressive landslide, development, failure evolvement process, destruction
The research of mechanism is always focus, difficult point and emphasis in engineering geology field, retrogressive landslide especially under condition of raining
Failure mode, initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process, the research of failure mechanism are even more the most important thing studied.
For a long time, for the research of rainfall induced landslide, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out substantial amounts of indoors modeling test, obtain
Significant achievement.Existing research shows both at home and abroad, and rainfall, earthquake, human engineering construction activity are the inducements for causing landslide,
And rainfall is the main reason of induced landslide.But rarely have at present on the failure mode of retrogressive landslide under condition of raining,
Initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process, the research of failure mechanism.Therefore, towed cunning under further investigation condition of raining
The failure mode on slope, initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process, failure mechanism etc. have to Prediction and Forecast of Landslide, improvement etc.
There is important theory and realistic meaning.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of prior art presence, there is provided drawn under a kind of real-time measurement condition of raining
The model test apparatus of formula landslide sliding process, can realize under different condition of raining (rainfall intensity, rainfall pattern), difference
Pulling speed under indoor model test is carried out to the failure mode on landslide, initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process etc.
Research.
To reach that foregoing invention creates purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
The model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under a kind of real-time measurement condition of raining, including top and front end
The see-through model casing of opening, casing upper end sets rainfall system；Casing front bottom end, which is flexibly connected on stand, stand, sets power loading
Device, simulation sliding surface is connected by transmission rod with force loading device, and the simulation sliding surface is generally aligned in the same plane with transmission rod；Passing
Force snesor is set on power bar, model box house sets moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction sensor and displacement
Sensor；Force snesor, moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction sensor and displacement transducer and data are adopted
Collecting system is connected.
The model casing is made up of bottom plate with the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate on bottom plate, and steelframe is set on the outside of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate.
The model casing front bottom end sets rotating shaft, and rotating shaft both sides set quarter angled gear.
The simulation sliding surface is multisection type sliding surface, is connected between every two sections of simulations sliding surface by haulage chain, positioned at front end
Simulation sliding surface is connected with fixture, and the fixture other end is connected with transmission rod.
The stand sets rainwater recycle groove with model bottom half.
The rainfall system includes setting rain on the feed pipe for being located at the shower nozzle of casing upper end and being connected with shower nozzle, feed pipe
Strong controller, flowmeter and water valve.
The moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction sensor vertical arrange nine layers, and slope is embedded in respectively
Top, in slope and toe；Three layers of displacement transducer point is laid in Po Ding, slope and toe.
The experimental rig also includes PIV measuring systems and three-dimensional laser measurement system.
The PIV measuring systems include hardware system and software systems, and wherein hardware system is main by light source, camera, figure
As collection and equipment for after-treatment composition；Three-dimensional laser measurement system includes hardware system and software systems, wherein hardware system master
To be made up of light source, camera, three-dimensional laser scanner.
The test method of model test apparatus as described above, comprises the following steps：
(1) install model test apparatus, model body side draw successively line of slope, embedded measuring instrument aspect
Line, sliding surface line；
(2) soil body placement in layers prepared is entered into model casing body to line of slope, when filling to the aspect of embedded measuring instrument
During line, measuring instrument is buried, when filling to sliding surface line, simulation sliding surface is laid；
(3) adjustment stand and model casing toe angle to predetermined angular；
(4) start rainfall system, data collecting system and force loading device, start experiment.
The present invention compared with prior art, with following technique effect：
1st, experimental rig of the present invention can be simulated to the sliding process of retrogressive landslide under condition of raining, can be in real time
Measure initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process；
2nd, experimental rig of the present invention can be controlled to the process that retrogressive landslide under condition of raining develops, Study on thinning
The landslide form and its Evolution of different evolution stages；
3rd, experimental rig of the present invention can be simulated to landslide caused by different scales sliding surface under condition of raining, and contrast is ground
Study carefully landslide form and its Evolution caused by different scales sliding surface；
4th, experimental rig of the present invention can be simulated to landslide caused by the sliding surface of different angle under condition of raining, be contrasted
Study landslide form and its Evolution caused by the sliding surface of different angle；
5th, experimental rig arrangement force sensor of the present invention, moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, soil body suction
Sensor and displacement transducer, can measure precisely in real time the stress of the soil body, moisture content, pore water pressure, soil body suction with
And the displacement of sliding surface；
6th, model test apparatus of the present invention is easy to operate, and the Instrument structure being related to is simple, and adjustability is strong, it is easy to grasp.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the model test apparatus full perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the model test apparatus general front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the overall top view of model test apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the model test apparatus overall side view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the model test apparatus sensor arrangement top view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the model test apparatus sensor arrangement side view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the model test apparatus rainfall course figure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is schematic diagram when simulation sliding surface of the invention is two sections.
Fig. 9 is the line of slope, sliding surface line, embedded instrument line design diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under the real-time measurement condition of raining that the present invention is provided, such as Fig. 1-
Shown in 4, including model casing system, traction Landslide Model system, rainfall system and measuring system.Model casing system shapeable slope
Body, traction Landslide Model system can simulate retrogressive landslide forms of motion, rainfall system can simulated rainfall operating mode, measuring system can
The stress come down under condition of raining, displacement, deformation, water content, pore water pressure, soil body suction, soil displacement field, the soil body are answered
The indexs such as variable field, initial landslide time, landslide failure evolvement process are measured precisely in real time.
Model casing system includes the see-through model casing of top and front opening, and model bottom half sets rainwater recycle groove
12；Further, model casing is made up of bottom plate 30 with the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 1 on bottom plate, and the outside of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 1 sets steelframe 2, has
Machine glass plate 1 and surrounding steelframe 2 are perpendicularly fixed on bottom plate 30.Model casing is transparent material, is easy to observe the stress of gliding mass
Steelframe is set on the outside of strain and overall deformation situation, glass plate, steelframe and glass plate are not contacted, and can facilitate the soil in inspection box body
Body changes, and the effect of steelframe is the supply channel for supporting water system.Rainwater recycle groove 12 is located at whole model casing bottom plate.
Traction Landslide Model system includes the stand 11 being flexibly connected with model casing bottom front, stand 11 and box bottom
Angle angle adjustable between 30, optimization model box bottom front end lower edge sets rotating shaft 4, the connection stand 11 of rotating shaft 4, for side
Just angular adjustment, sets with graduated gear 3 in the both sides of rotating shaft 4；Force loading device is set on stand 11, force loading device connection is passed
Power bar 7, the other end of transmission rod 7 is connected by pincer-like fixture 6 with simulation sliding surface 5；The simulation sliding surface 5, fixture 6 and transmission rod 7
It is generally aligned in the same plane, this plane is parallel with stand 11, simulation sliding surface can be enable to be slided according to default inclination angle.The rear end of stand 11 is dug
Sky flows out to rainwater recycle groove 12 in order to rainwater.
In order to simulate the Evolution of multistage retrogressive landslide, simulation sliding surface can be multisection type, every two sections of adjacent analogs
Connected between sliding surface by haulage chain 32, the simulation sliding surface positioned at front end is connected with fixture, the size of simulation sliding surface can be according to reality
Border experiment demand is adjusted；It is preferred that simulation sliding surface 5 be wire netting, apron relative to do not have it is meshed simulation sliding surface stress
Evenly, and with surrounding soil there is larger frictional force；When simulation sliding surface is apron for two sections or more than two sections, every two sections of phases
Adjacent apron is connected by haulage chain 32, as shown in figure 8, haulage chain is preferably clip；Force loading device is reducing motor
10, power transmission case 9 is set between transmission rod and reducing motor.The tractive force produced eventually through reducing motor 10 pulls wire netting 5 to transport
Move to simulate the slip of sliding surface.
Rainfall system includes setting on the feed pipe 13 for being located at the shower nozzle 17 of casing upper end and being connected with shower nozzle, feed pipe 13
Raininess controller 14, electronic flowmeter 15 and water valve 16, shower nozzle 17 are arranged on the rainfall water pipe 31 for being erected on steelframe 2 around,
It is preferred that rainfall water pipe 31 has 3 rows, often arranging on rainfall water pipe 31 has 3 shower nozzles 17；Raininess controller 14 can control rainfall intensity, electricity
The measurable rainwater flow of subflow gauge 15.Raininess controller 14 uses the full-automatic manual simulation of Tsing-Hua University PXJY-C type two close cycles
Rain controller, built-in LED display can reliably show countdown, real-time raininess, average rainfall intensity, can quick regulation, at a high speed with
Track data.Electronic flowmeter uses the DMF-1-3A type liquid mass flow meters that Shou Keshihua companies produce, and range is 0-
500kg/h, operating pressure 0-4MPa, precision ± 0.2%.Rainfall shower nozzle is using SPRAYING SYSTEMS companies of the U.S.
FULLJET rotates following spray shower nozzle, and type is HHMFP, and specification is 3/4,60 ° of spray angle, operating pressure at sprinkler：0.15-
0.25MPa, flow：70-120L/h.
Measuring system includes the moisture content sensing that force snesor 8 and model box house are set set on transmission rod 7
Device 18, pore water pressure sensor 19, suction sensor 20 and displacement transducer 21；Force snesor 8, moisture sensor 18,
Pore water pressure sensor 19, suction sensor 20 and displacement transducer 21 are connected with data collecting system；Moisture sensor
18 moisture content for testing in the soil body, pore water pressure sensor 19 is used to measure the pore water pressure in the soil body, and suction is passed
Sensor 20 is used to measure the suction in the soil body, and displacement transducer 21 is used to measure domatic displacement；Moisture sensor 18, pore water
Nine layers are embedded in slopes about 20 points of pressure sensor 19 and suction sensor, are embedded in respectively in Po Ding, slope and toe, often
Three kinds of sensors respectively lays one in layer, and left and right is evenly arranged.Three layers of displacement transducer 21 point is laid in Po Ding, slope and slope
Pin, every layer is laid one.Each sensor arrangement such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 in detail.
Force snesor 8 model P306S-01, diameter 6mm, height 2.5mm, range 100kg precision are 2 ± 0.01mV；
Pore water pressure sensor 19 be Lan Hua sensors factory produce BSY type inductive frequency pore water pressure sensors, range for-
500-100kPa；Moisture sensor 18 is the EC-5 type volume of aqueous quantity sensors that Decagon companies of the U.S. produce, and range is
0 to saturation, and precision is ± 2%；Suction sensor 20 is the 253 type soil suction sensors that Campbell companies of the U.S. produce,
Range is -200kPa-0kPa；The YWC-C type waterproof displacement sensings that displacement transducer 21 is produced using Chao Yuan instrument plants of Liyang City
Device, maximum range 30mm, the μ ε of sensitivity 93/mm, the Ω of bridge resistance, 5.
Experimental rig also includes PIV measuring systems and three-dimensional laser measurement system.PIV measuring systems include hardware system and
Two parts of software systems, wherein hardware system are main by two floodlight LEDs, CCD high speed cameras, IMAQ and post processing
Equipment etc. is constituted, and software systems complete to slide using the groupwares of LaVision companies of Germany DaVis 8.0 and PIVview2C softwares
Hill wash moves the collection and analysis work of overall process land movement image.Three-dimensional laser measurement system is MS50 measuring systems, including
Two parts of hardware system and software systems, wherein hardware system mainly has LED floodlight light source, Cannon Eos700d mono- anti-
Camera, the equipment such as card MS50 three-dimensional laser scanners (taking into account total powerstation function) composition is come, software systems are public using Switzerland leica
The GeoMos automatic monitoring systems of department complete the facial disfigurement in slopes motion process and collection and the analysis work of single-point deformation
Make.Landslide slip overall process can be shot, be measured, energy using PIV measuring systems and MS50 three-dimensional laser measurement systems
Land movement image, sliding surface deformation and single-point deformation etc. in the sliding process of landslide are acquired and analyzed precisely in real time
Work.
The rated power 30W of alternating current-direct current LED floodlight, it both facilitates, practicality, can meet under laboratory condition to light source again
Brightness and the requirement of stability；Cannon Eos700d slr cameras, high resolution comes card MS50 three-dimensionals and swashed up to 18,000,000 pixels
Photoscanner position Leica companies of Switzerland exploitation, scanning accuracy reaches 0.6mm, and this experiment scanning area points is more than 100,000, automatically
Selection area is scanned, scan data is accurately reliable, meets requirement of the model test to measurement accuracy.
Using Campbell companies of the U.S. produce CR1000 types data collecting instrument to EC-5 type volume of aqueous quantity sensor,
The test data that 253 type soil suction sensors and BSY type inductive frequency pore water pressure sensors are measured is acquired, and is adopted
The DH3821 static strain testings analysis system produced with eastern magnificent test company is to YWC-C type waterproof displacement transducers and P306S-
The test data that 01 type pressure sensor is measured is acquired.
Be as shown in Figure 1 sliding surface inclination angle be 35 °, sliding surface length be 66cm, rainfall intensity be light rain (rainfall 8mm/d),
Rainfall pattern is the slope model test device for continuing rainfall, and its specific test method is as follows：
(1) model casing is installed, to force snesor 8, moisture sensor 18, pore water pressure sensor 19, suction
Sensor 20 and displacement transducer 21 are demarcated；
(2) according to design drawn successively from top to bottom on the lucite outer wall of model casing both sides line of slope 33 (front end with
Bottom plate vertical range be 18cm), third layer bury measuring instrument aspect line 34 (line of slope translates downwards 7cm), sliding surface line 35
(line of slope translates downwards 12cm), the second layer bury aspect line 36 (line of slope translates downwards 17cm), the first layer of measuring instrument
The aspect line 37 (line of slope translates downwards 24cm) of embedded measuring instrument, inclination angle is 35 °, as shown in Figure 9；
(3) soil body prepared is buried to the aspect of measuring instrument according to the setting-out placement in layers in step (2) to first layer
Line 37, then according to design arrangement moisture sensor 18, pore water pressure sensor 19 and suction sensor 20；By what is prepared
The soil body buries the aspect line 36 of measuring instrument according to the setting-out placement in layers in step (2) to the second layer, then according to design cloth
Put moisture sensor 18, pore water pressure sensor 19 and suction sensor 20；By the soil body prepared according in step (2)
Setting-out is filled to sliding surface line 35, then arranges wire netting 5；The soil body prepared is filled to the 3rd according to the setting-out in step (2)
The aspect line 34 of the embedded measuring instrument of layer, then according to design arrangement moisture sensor 18, the and of pore water pressure sensor 19
Suction sensor 20；The soil body prepared is filled to line of slope 33, then according to design arrangement position according to the setting-out in step (2)
Displacement sensor 21；
(4) Landslide Model system remainder is drawn according to the good pincer-like fixture 6 of design and installation, transmission rod 7 etc., and adjusts electricity
Machine support angle of inclination is 35 °；
(5) according to design and installation rainfall system, rainfall intensity is set as 8mm/d；
(6) PIV measuring system floodlights LED, CCD high speed cameras and Cannon Eos700d slr cameras are positioned over mould
The correct position in the left side of molding box, make its to slopes side can intactly, be clearly captured, and to domatic before on-test
Taken pictures photo as a comparison；
(7) by the LED floodlight light source of MS50 three-dimensional laser measurement systems, Cannon Eos700d slr cameras, come card
MS50 three-dimensional laser scanners are from the close-by examples to those far off positioned over the correct position of model casing front end, make its to it is domatic can intactly, clearly
Shoot clearly, and to domatic photo as a comparison of being taken pictures before on-test；(8) start reducing motor, rainfall system and
Measuring system, starts experiment；Under the traction of reducing motor, apron is driven to be travelled forward along sliding surface line, in wire netting
While face is moved, upper soil horizon is that the influence of the domatic power of being pulled starts deformation, produces displacement, force snesor 8, moisture content
Sensor 18, pore water pressure sensor 19, suction sensor 20 and displacement transducer 21 in real time can transmit data measured
To data collecting system, stress, moisture content, pore water pressure, soil body suction and the sliding surface of the soil body can be measured precisely in real time
Displacement, shot, measured, energy while PIV measuring systems and MS50 three-dimensional laser measurement systems slide overall process to landslide
Land movement image, sliding surface deformation and single-point deformation etc. in the sliding process of landslide are acquired and analyzed precisely in real time
Work.
Above-mentioned test model can be 35 ° to sliding surface inclination angle in real time, sliding surface length is that 66cm, rainfall intensity are light rain (rainfall
Measure 8mm/d), rainfall pattern be continue rainfall retrogressive landslide carry out model test, research rainfall intensity be light rain under the conditions of
The failure mode of retrogressive landslide, initial landslide time and process of landslides；Then can be by adjusting different sliding surface inclination angles, cunning
Surface model, soil body layering, rainfall pattern etc. caused by the sliding surface under different scales, different angle, different condition of raining to coming down
Simulated.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and embodiment one are essentially identical, are particular in that：
In the present embodiment, adjustment rainfall intensity is heavy rain (rainfall is 48mm/d).Can be to sliding surface inclination angle in real time
35 °, sliding surface length be that 66cm, rainfall intensity are that heavy rain (rainfall is 48mm/d), rainfall pattern are continue rainfall towed
Landslide carries out model test, research rainfall intensity be the failure mode of retrogressive landslide under the conditions of heavy rain, initial landslide time with
And process of landslides.Be combined with example one, can study different rainfall intensities to the failure mode of retrogressive landslide, initially come down when
Between and process of landslides influence.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment and embodiment one are essentially identical, are particular in that：
In the present embodiment, adjustment rainfall pattern is batch (-type), the rainfall that 60min raininess is light rain is carried out first, then
Stop rainfall 60min, circulate successively, rainfall course is shown in Fig. 7.Can be 35 ° to sliding surface inclination angle in real time, sliding surface length be 66cm, drop
The retrogressive landslide that raininess degree is light rain (rainfall 8mm/d), rainfall pattern is batch (-type) rainfall carries out model test, research drop
Raininess degree is light rain, rainfall pattern is retrogressive landslide under batch conditions failure mode, initial landslide time and landslide
Process.Be combined with example one, can study different rainfall patterns to the failure mode of retrogressive landslide, initial landslide time and
The influence of process of landslides.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, is particular in that：
In the present embodiment, motor pulling speed reduces half, i.e. 3mm/min.It can be in real time 35 ° to sliding surface inclination angle, slide
Face length is that 66cm, rainfall intensity are that light rain (rainfall 8mm/d), rainfall pattern are that lasting rainfall, pulling speed are 3mm/min
Retrogressive landslide carry out model test, research rainfall intensity be light rain under the conditions of, the retrogressive landslide that halves of pulling speed
Failure mode, initial landslide time and process of landslides.It is combined with example one, different pulling speeds can be studied to condition of raining
Under the failure mode of retrogressive landslide, the influence of initial landslide time and process of landslides.
The embodiment of the present invention is illustrated above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, can be with
Made according to the purpose of the innovation and creation of the present invention under a variety of changes, all Spirit Essence and principle according to technical solution of the present invention
Change, modification, replacement, combination, the simplification made, should be equivalent substitute mode, as long as meeting the goal of the invention of the present invention, only
Otherwise the technology away from the model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under a kind of real-time measurement condition of raining of the invention is former
Reason and inventive concept, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the model test apparatus of retrogressive landslide sliding process under a kind of real-time measurement condition of raining, it is characterised in that including top
Portion and the see-through model casing of front opening, casing upper end sets rainfall system；Casing front bottom end is flexibly connected on stand, stand
If force loading device, simulation sliding surface is connected by transmission rod with force loading device, and the simulation sliding surface is located at same with transmission rod
Plane；Force snesor is set on transmission rod, model box house sets moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction and passed
Sensor and displacement transducer；Force snesor, moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensor, suction sensor and displacement sensing
Device is connected with data collecting system.
2. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the model casing is by bottom plate and having on bottom plate
Machine glass plate is constituted, and steelframe is set on the outside of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate.
3. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the model casing front bottom end sets rotating shaft, rotating shaft
Both sides set quarter angled gear.
4. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the simulation sliding surface is multisection type sliding surface, every two sections
Connected between simulation sliding surface by haulage chain, the simulation sliding surface positioned at front end is connected with fixture, the fixture other end connects with transmission rod
Connect.
5. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the stand sets rainwater with model bottom half and returned
Receive groove.
6. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the rainfall system is included positioned at casing upper end
Raininess controller, flowmeter and water valve are set on shower nozzle and the feed pipe being connected with shower nozzle, feed pipe.
7. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the moisture sensor, pore water pressure sensing
Device, suction sensor vertical arrange nine layers, are embedded in respectively in Po Ding, slope and toe；Three layers of displacement transducer point is laid in slope
Top, in slope and toe.
8. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the experimental rig also include PIV measuring systems and
Three-dimensional laser measurement system.
9. model test apparatus as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the PIV measuring systems include hardware system and soft
Part system, wherein hardware system are mainly made up of light source, camera, IMAQ and equipment for after-treatment；Three-dimensional laser measurement system
Including hardware system and software systems, wherein hardware system is mainly made up of light source, camera, three-dimensional laser scanner.
10. the test method of the model test apparatus as described in claim any one of 1-9, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) install model test apparatus, model body side draw successively line of slope, the aspect line of embedded measuring instrument,
Sliding surface line；
(2) soil body placement in layers prepared is entered into model casing body to line of slope, when filling to the aspect line of embedded measuring instrument,
Embedded measuring instrument, when filling to sliding surface line, lays simulation sliding surface；
(3) adjustment stand and model casing toe angle to predetermined angular；
(4) start rainfall system, data collecting system and force loading device, start experiment.
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| CN108318657A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-24 | 南昌大学 | A kind of rainfall simulation experiment device and experimental method |
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| CN109061112A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-21 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of artificially-simulated rainfall device for side slope full scale model test |
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| CN109166440A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-08 | 南京大学 | Bidirectional power physical simulation experiment device and experimental method for Elevated Gravity |
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| CN111307412A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-19 | 成都大学 | Simulation test device and method for regulating and controlling sediment transport in ecological engineering and civil engineering |
| CN111983185A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-24 | 河海大学 | Reservoir bank water level change and slope angle variable landslide model test device and method under coupling action of earthquake and rainfall |
| CN111983185B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-12-01 | 河海大学 | Reservoir bank water level change and slope angle variable landslide model test device and method under earthquake and rainfall coupling effect |
| CN112885220A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Landslide and slide belt model test system and method |
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| CN113791195B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-08 | 西南交通大学 | Device and method for obtaining landslide retaining structure test data |
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