CN107242174A - Improve the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability - Google Patents

Improve the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107242174A
CN107242174A CN201710454672.3A CN201710454672A CN107242174A CN 107242174 A CN107242174 A CN 107242174A CN 201710454672 A CN201710454672 A CN 201710454672A CN 107242174 A CN107242174 A CN 107242174A
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culturing pool
water
pool
pump housing
pond
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CN107242174B (en
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周海峰
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Huang Shiren
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, comprise the following steps：Step 1: cultivating system includes：Culturing pool, exchange pond, sedimentation basin and buffer pool；Step 2, by the water pump in culturing pool to exchanging pond, it chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder are added in pond must kill virus water to exchanging, in culturing pool bottom surface, paving spills quick lime, it is dry and cracked to bottom of pond, quick lime is cleaned to crack, microbial modulator is sprayed, multiple first hang plates, multiple second hang plates is installed in culturing pool；1 aerator of configuration in step 3, every mu of culturing pool；Step 4, carries out rich water processing.The present invention, which has to eliminate physical removal and chemistry, effectively to be combined, water body and sludge are handled respectively, antivirus effect is improved to slow down Penaeus Vannmei stress reaction from root, sediment processing simultaneously, water source, which are exchanged, does not result in big water flow fluctuation, or noise, the further stress reaction for avoiding and mitigating Penaeus Vannmei while white shrimp living environment is ensured.

Description

Improve the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture of Penaeus vannamei field.It is more particularly related to which a kind of improve Penaeus Vannmei The cultural method of anti-stress ability.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei, scientific name Litoenaeus vannamei belongs to Arthropoda, average life span at least can be more than 32 months, adult Most long up to 24cm, crust is relatively thin, and normal body colour is shallow cinerous, and whole body does not have speckle.Step is often in chalk shape, and meat is fresh U.S., with very high economic value.Processing dressing percentage may be up to 67%, and suitable temperature range is wide, can fit salt model in 18-32 DEG C of growth Enclose also wide, can be grown under the conditions of salinity 1-40 ‰, be a kind of excellent desalination cultivation kind.Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, resists Sick ability is strong, has been increasingly becoming the main cultivation shrimp species of south China.The ground such as China Xiamen, the North Sea, Nanning and Guangzhou have Shrimp seedling, shrimp nauplius or the close shrimp supply of material.
But by shrimp seedling from indoor raising of seedling pond move be put into growing pond when, due to the change of bait, environment, cause shrimp seedling not Adapt to and cause stress be dead, huge economic loss is caused to numerous raisers, thus it is comprehensive to environment conditioning and right Shrimp seedling physiological habit regulate and control with maintenance, research and develop it is a kind of it is scientific and reasonable can improve Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, and then drop The problem of cultural method of low shrimp seedling early stage loss is current urgent need to resolve.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, by physics Remove and chemistry is eliminated and effectively combined, water body and sludge are handled respectively, improves antivirus effect to slow down Penaeus Vannmei from root Stress reaction, while sediment processing, water source exchange and do not result in big water flow fluctuation, or noise, is ensureing white shrimp life The further stress reaction for avoiding and mitigating Penaeus Vannmei while environment living.
Penaeus Vannmei resisting stress is improved there is provided one kind according to object of the present invention and further advantage in order to realize The cultural method of ability, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Culturing pool, exchange pond, sedimentation basin and buffer pool, its In, culturing pool side wall, which has, exchanges liquid outlet, and one end of the first pipeline is with exchanging liquid outlet, and the other end is with exchanging pond Connection, first pipeline be provided with first pump housing, will cultivation pool inner water body be pumped into exchange pond, second pipe one end with it is described Pond connection is exchanged, the other end is connected with culturing pool top shower nozzle, and the second pipe is provided with second pump housing, will exchanged in pond Water body is pumped into culturing pool, and culturing pool side wall, which is located at bottom of pond least significant end side upper end, has solid discharge, the one of the 3rd pipeline End is connected with solid discharge, and the other end is connected with sedimentation basin, and the 3rd pipeline is provided with the 3rd pump housing, will be residual in culturing pool Pulp pump enters sedimentation basin, and the 4th pipeline one end is connected with the sedimentation basin, and the other end is connected with buffer pool, is set on the 4th pipeline There is the 4th pump housing, sedimentation basin supernatant is pumped into buffer pool, the 5th pipeline one end is connected with the buffer pool, the other end is with supporting The shower nozzle connection of pond top is grown, the 5th pipeline is provided with the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool is pumped into culturing pool；
Step 2, opens first pump housing, by the water pump in culturing pool to pond is exchanged, mass ratio is added into the exchange pond For 2:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make after its dissolving completely, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide and drift The mixture of white powder is 10-150mg/L with the mass volume ratio for exchanging pool inner water；
The thick sludge of culturing pool bottom of pond upper strata 1-2cm is removed, the regulation culturing pool bottom surface of cutting the earth is with horizontal plane angle 15-20 °, in the culturing pool bottom surface, paving spills a layer thickness for 2-4mm quick limes, is exposed to the sun 2-4 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, cleaning Culturing pool bottom surface quick lime to crack, injection antivirus water sprays micro- to culturing pool bottom surface highest point at least 0.5-1cm is flooded Biological regulator, equidistantly tilts along its width in the culturing pool and installs multiple tops are located at same level the One hang plate, the first hang plate oblique upper is tilted upward with it in 30-40 ° of multiple second hang plates of installation, multiple second The bottom of hang plate is located at same level, and height is higher than the height of the first hang plate bottom, first hang plate Do not connect with second hang plate, injection antivirus water is to the second hang plate top described in water submerged of killing virus, along the culturing pool Filter screen is circumferentially equipped with, injection antivirus water, the distance of filter screen to culturing pool bottom surface highest point is at least 0.5-0.6m, the filter screen The distance of antivirus water top surface is 1.5-1.7m in culturing pool, wherein, the exchange liquid outlet is located at the filter screen upper end；
1 aerator of configuration in step 3, every mu of culturing pool, the oxygenation supervisor of the aerator sequentially passes through described first Hang plate is set with second hang plate along the culturing pool length direction, is responsible for perpendicular to the oxygenation along the culturing pool Width sets multiple oxygenation looped pipelines, and the oxygenation looped pipeline is located at below first hang plate and the second hang plate, described Spacing opens up multiple oxygenation holes on oxygenation looped pipeline；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and pH value is 7.8-8.5, transparency is 30-40cm, obtains cultivation water, in addition to, put pipeline in a suitable place to breed, the pipeline of putting in a suitable place to breed passes through filter screen by culturing pool External environment connected with internal environment, by putting in every mu of culturing pool of pipeline dispensing 600-800 tail loach in a suitable place to breed, deliver shrimp seedling, The dispensing density of shrimp seedling is every mu of the tails of 6-8 ten thousand；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 7 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 19:00-21:, open oxygenation at 00 point Machine, carries out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-11:00 point, night 21:00-23:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3-5 days, is changed The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths in culturing pool, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 6 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, Night 18:00-21:, open aerator at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-12:00 point, night 21:00-24:00 point Water body exchange is carried out, every 2-3 days, in culturing pool 4/30ths to ten/10ths water body is changed, 90-120 is put into shrimp seedling In it, daily daytime 6:00-10:00, night 17:00-21:, open aerator at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 11:00- 15:00 point, night 22:00-2:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 1-2 days, changes cumulative volume 30 to ten/10ths in culturing pool / tetra- water body；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into after exchange pond, 20min, beaten Second pump housing is driven, pool inner water body will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes First pump housing is closed, until second pump housing is pumped into after culturing pool completely by pool inner water body is exchanged, second pump housing is closed；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin, precipitation 5-6h in pond, is opened the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin is pumped into buffer pool, to buffering Injected clear water to the cumulative volume for buffering pool inner water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool in pond, adjusts the buffer pool Interior water body is cultivation water, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool is pumped into culturing pool.
Preferably, the microbial modulator is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitre Change bacterium, denitrifying bacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum mixture, input 3-5kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool.
Preferably, using first hang plate and second hang plate as mainboard, mainboard two sides are square along its length Multiple subplates are provided with to spacing up and down, the subplate is set diagonally downward relative to the mainboard.
Preferably, the shower nozzle is included along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe of the culturing pool top surface, and the ring pipe is close The side of the culturing pool inwall is provided with delivery port, and the side wall that the ring pipe is located at below the delivery port is supported along towards described The direction for growing pond inwall sets a deflector, and the distance between the deflector bottom and the culturing pool inwall is not more than 0.5mm.
Preferably, the delivery port is one in the through hole set along the circumferentially disposed strip of the ring pipe, spacing Kind.
Preferably, in step 4 rich water handle concretely comprise the following steps：
A, opening aerator, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator；
B, first pump housing of opening, cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into after exchange pond, 20min, second pump housing is opened, will exchange pond Interior water body is pumped into culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, First pump housing is closed, until second pump housing is pumped into after culturing pool completely by pool inner water body is exchanged, second pump housing is closed；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence Splash vitamin conditioning agent 500g, the vitamin conditioning agent tool in 500g, the 6h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool Body is：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, lotus root, frozen bean curd and pea mixing steams 60-70min, must steam mixture, will Steam mixture to be placed in beater, add the lemon juice for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture, be beaten to obtain slurries, add slurries The mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality, is uniformly mixed and produces vitamin conditioning agent, and the mixed vitamin is that mass ratio is 1:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, the mixture of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.
Preferably, the mesh of the filter screen is less than the rugosity of loach and shrimp seedling, described pass through loach and shrimp seedling Filter screen bottom is abutted with the second hang plate top.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
Firstth, Penaeus Vannmei belongs to zoobenthos, to the processing of pond sludge be slow down Penaeus Vannmei stress root Source, due to more than harmful substance or being predominantly located in culturing pool bottom table, drain top layer bed mud is excavated after water body in culturing pool can Remove major part and hide the harmful organism in top layer bed mud, then paving spills quick lime in culturing pool bottom surface, can effectively kill The harmful organisms such as parasite, virus, the germ gone out in potential mud, while can improve pond soil acidity or alkalinity, are exchanging pond The interior water body in culturing pool is killed virus, and physical removal and chemistry are eliminated and effectively combined, water body and sludge are handled respectively, is carried The wasting of resources that single mixed processing causes is alleviated while height antivirus effect and effect is not good；
Secondth, microbial modulator by the use of nutriments such as the nitrogen in shrimp ponds, phosphorus, carbon and sulphur as its metabolism growth thing, Building up for nutriment is reduced, the growth of favourable bottom of pond beneficial bacterium advantage group reduces the quantity of harmful bacteria, improved The microenvironment of substrate and the ecological balance of water environment；
3rd, the setting by the first hang plate, the second hang plate, effectively slows down in aerator oxygenation process to current The influence of fluctuation, while reducing fluctuation when residue in culturing pool is pumped into sedimentation basin by the 3rd pump housing to current and noise is dirty Dye, i.e., avoid and reduce the stress reaction of Penaeus Vannmei during sediment processing, water source exchange is completed, while filter screen Setting culturing pool is divided into upper strata breeding spaces and lower floor's breeding spaces, the side raised together with by Penaeus Vannmei and loach Formula, the few disease of loach easily oxygen is not high to water quality requirement, and it belongs to omnivorousness, can absorb water-bed humus or body refuse, slow down The pollution of water-bed humus or body refuse to water body, improves Water quality；
4th, the growth time according to shrimp seedling in culturing pool, carries out water body exchange, increases oxygen content of water, cultivates simultaneously The algae in photosynthetic general mainly superficial water is carried out in pond, the algae sunlight irradiation of bottom water body is less than few progress Photosynthesis, carries out water body exchange, bottom water body is passed through into top layer by exchanging pond, is that bottom water body can also carry out photosynthetic work With, while abundant top layer water body of the photosynthesis rich in saturated oxygen that carry out is imported into bottom, used for Penaeus Vannmei and loach, Part water body in culturing pool is replaced in certain time, base sludge and humus is removed.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cultivating system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first hang plate of the present invention；
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art's reference Specification word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained.
<Embodiment 1>
As shown in figure 1, a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Culturing pool 1, exchange pond 2, sedimentation basin 15 and buffering Pond 17, wherein, the side wall of culturing pool 1, which has, exchanges liquid outlet 9, and one end of the first pipeline 10 is connected with exchanging liquid outlet 9, separately One end is connected with exchanging pond 2, and first pipeline 10 is provided with first pump housing, and water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, The one end of second pipe 11 is connected with the pond 2 that exchanges, and the other end is connected with the top shower nozzle 12 of culturing pool 1, the second pipe 11 Second pump housing is provided with, water body in pond 2 will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool 1, the side wall of culturing pool 1 is located at bottom of pond least significant end side Upper end has solid discharge 13, and one end of the 3rd pipeline 14 is connected with solid discharge 13, and the other end is connected with sedimentation basin 15, described 3rd pipeline 14 is provided with the 3rd pump housing, and residue in culturing pool 1 is pumped into sedimentation basin 15, and the one end of the 4th pipeline 16 sinks with described Shallow lake pond 15 is connected, and the other end is connected with buffer pool 17, and the 4th pipeline 16 is provided with the 4th pump housing, by the supernatant of sedimentation basin 15 Liquid pump enters buffer pool 17, and the one end of the 5th pipeline 18 is connected with the buffer pool 17, and the other end connects with the top shower nozzle 12 of culturing pool 1 Logical, the 5th pipeline 18 is provided with the 5th pump housing, and water body in buffer pool 17 is pumped into culturing pool 1；
Step 2, opens first pump housing, and by the water pump in culturing pool 1 to pond 2 is exchanged, matter is added into the exchange pond 2 Amount is than being 2:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make after its dissolving completely, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide Mixture with bleaching powder is with exchanging the mass volume ratio of water in pond 2 for 120mg/L；
The thick sludge of the bottom of pond upper strata 1-2cm of culturing pool 1 is removed, cut the earth the regulation bottom surface of culturing pool 1 and horizontal plane angle For 15-20 °, in the bottom surface of culturing pool 1, paving spills a layer thickness for 2-4mm quick limes, is exposed to the sun 3 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean The bottom surface quick lime of culturing pool 1 to crack, injection antivirus water sprays micro- to the bottom surface highest point at least 0.5cm of culturing pool 1 is flooded Biological regulator, equidistantly tilts along its width in the culturing pool 1 and installs multiple tops positioned at same level First hang plate 3, the oblique upper of the first hang plate 3 is tilted upward with it in 30-40 ° of multiple second hang plates 4 of installation, multiple The bottom of second hang plate 4 is located at same level, and height is higher than the height of the bottom of the first hang plate 3, described first Hang plate 3 does not connect with second hang plate 4, and injection antivirus water is to the top of the second hang plate 4 described in water submerged of killing virus, along institute State culturing pool 1 and be circumferentially equipped with filter screen 5, injection antivirus water, the distance of filter screen 5 to the bottom surface highest point of culturing pool 1 is at least 0.5m, The distance of antivirus water top surface is 1.5m in the filter screen 5 to culturing pool 1, wherein, the exchange liquid outlet 9 is located at the filter screen 5 Upper end, the exchange liquid outlet 9 is located at the upper end of filter screen 5, is mainly used in culturing pool 1 being located at the underlying liquid of the upper end of filter screen 5 Body is exported, and concrete implementation mode can realize export bottom liquid in the punching of side wall, can also be by the way that the first pipeline 10 is led to Enter until the upper end of filter screen 5 is so that bottom liquid to be exported in culturing pool 1, the setting principle of the solid discharge 13 is similar to described hand over Change the setting of liquid outlet 9, you can be realized by punching, can also be realized by the way that the 3rd pipeline 14 is imported into the bottom of culturing pool 1, Water inventory of being killed virus in step 2 can be discharged into the water body for exchanging pond by excluding according to actual needs in a part of culturing pool, also may be used With by extra addition water body, with specific reference in culturing pool water body number and the later stage cultivate needed for water body number come It is fixed；
1 aerator 6 of configuration in step 3, every mu of culturing pool 1, the oxygenation supervisor 7 of the aerator 6 sequentially passes through described First hang plate 3 is set with second hang plate 4 along the length direction of culturing pool 1, and 7 are responsible for along institute perpendicular to the oxygenation State the width of culturing pool 1 and multiple oxygenation looped pipelines 8 are set, the oxygenation looped pipeline 8 is tilted positioned at first hang plate 3 and second Spacing opens up multiple oxygenation holes on the lower section of plate 4, the oxygenation looped pipeline 8；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 22 DEG C, and pH value is 7.8, Transparency is 38cm, obtains cultivation water, in addition to, put pipeline in a suitable place to breed, the pipeline of putting in a suitable place to breed passes through filter screen 5 by the extraneous ring of culturing pool 1 Border is connected with internal environment, and 600-800 tail loach are delivered in every mu of culturing pool of pipeline 1 by putting in a suitable place to breed, shrimp seedling is delivered afterwards, shrimp seedling Dispensing density is every mu of the tails of 6-8 ten thousand；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 7 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 19:00-21:, open oxygenation at 00 point Machine 6, carries out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-11:00 point, night 21:00-23:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3 days, is changed The water body of cumulative volume 3/10ths in culturing pool 1, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 6 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 18: 00-21:, open aerator 6 at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-12:00 point, night 21:00-24:00 point is entered water-filling Body was exchanged, every 2 days, changed in culturing pool 1 3/10ths water body, was put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, daily daytime 6:00- 10:00, night 17:00-21:, open aerator 6 at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 11:00-15:00 point, night 22:00- 2:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 2 days, changes the water body of cumulative volume 4/10ths in culturing pool 1；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into after exchange pond 2,20min, Second pump housing is opened, water body in pond 2 will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed phase of first pump housing and second pump housing Together, first pump housing is closed, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, second pump housing is closed；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool 1：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin 15, precipitation 5-6h in pond 1, opens the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin 15 is pumped into buffer pool 17, Into buffer pool 15, the cumulative volume of water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool 1 in injected clear water to buffer pool 17, adjusts It is cultivation water to save the water body in the buffer pool 17, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool 17 is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, Residue is the mixture of bottom of pond humus, sludge and water body in culturing pool 1, and the water body adjusted in the buffer pool 17 is foster Water is grown, is specially：It is 2 according to volume scaled down input mass ratio:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring Make its dissolving complete, wherein, the mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder is 10- with the mass volume ratio for exchanging water in pond 2 Between 150mg/L, regulation water temperature be 22-25 DEG C between, pH value be 7.8-8.5 between, transparency be 30-40cm between, .
<Embodiment 2>
As shown in figure 1, a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Culturing pool 1, exchange pond 2, sedimentation basin 15 and buffering Pond 17, wherein, the side wall of culturing pool 1, which has, exchanges liquid outlet 9, and one end of the first pipeline 10 is connected with exchanging liquid outlet 9, separately One end is connected with exchanging pond 2, and first pipeline 10 is provided with first pump housing, and water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, The one end of second pipe 11 is connected with the pond 2 that exchanges, and the other end is connected with the top shower nozzle 12 of culturing pool 1, the second pipe 11 Second pump housing is provided with, water body in pond 2 will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool 1, the side wall of culturing pool 1 is located at bottom of pond least significant end side Upper end has solid discharge 13, and one end of the 3rd pipeline 14 is connected with solid discharge 13, and the other end is connected with sedimentation basin 15, described 3rd pipeline 14 is provided with the 3rd pump housing, and residue in culturing pool 1 is pumped into sedimentation basin 15, and the one end of the 4th pipeline 16 sinks with described Shallow lake pond 15 is connected, and the other end is connected with buffer pool 17, and the 4th pipeline 16 is provided with the 4th pump housing, by the supernatant of sedimentation basin 15 Liquid pump enters buffer pool 17, and the one end of the 5th pipeline 18 is connected with the buffer pool 17, and the other end connects with the top shower nozzle 12 of culturing pool 1 Logical, the 5th pipeline 18 is provided with the 5th pump housing, and water body in buffer pool 17 is pumped into culturing pool 1；
Step 2, opens first pump housing, and by the water pump in culturing pool 1 to pond 2 is exchanged, matter is added into the exchange pond 2 Amount is than being 2:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make after its dissolving completely, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide Mixture with bleaching powder is with exchanging the mass volume ratio of water in pond 2 for 50mg/L；
The thick sludge of the bottom of pond upper strata 1-2cm of culturing pool 1 is removed, cut the earth the regulation bottom surface of culturing pool 1 and horizontal plane angle For 15 °, in the bottom surface of culturing pool 1, paving spills a layer thickness for 2-4mm quick limes, is exposed to the sun 4 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean institute The bottom surface quick lime of culturing pool 1 is stated to crack, injection antivirus water sprays micro- life to the bottom surface highest point at least 0.5cm of culturing pool 1 is flooded Thing conditioning agent, equidistantly tilts along its width in the culturing pool 1 and installs multiple tops are located at same level the One hang plate 3, the oblique upper of the first hang plate 3 is tilted upward with it in 40 ° of multiple second hang plates 4 of installation, multiple second The bottom of hang plate 4 is located at same level, and height is higher than the height of the bottom of the first hang plate 3, and described first tilts Plate 3 does not connect with second hang plate 4, injection antivirus water to the top of the second hang plate 4 described in water submerged of killing virus, and is supported along described Grow pond 1 and be circumferentially equipped with filter screen 5, inject antivirus water, the distance of filter screen 5 to the bottom surface highest point of culturing pool 1 is at least 0.5m, described The distance of antivirus water top surface is 1.5m in filter screen 5 to culturing pool 1, wherein, the exchange liquid outlet 9 is located at the upper end of filter screen 5, Water inventory of being killed virus in step 2 can be discharged into the water body for exchanging pond by excluding according to actual needs in a part of culturing pool, also may be used With by extra addition water body, with specific reference in culturing pool water body number and the later stage cultivate needed for water body number come It is fixed；
1 aerator 6 of configuration in step 3, every mu of culturing pool 1, the oxygenation supervisor 7 of the aerator 6 sequentially passes through described First hang plate 3 is set with second hang plate 4 along the length direction of culturing pool 1, and 7 are responsible for along institute perpendicular to the oxygenation State the width of culturing pool 1 and multiple oxygenation looped pipelines 8 are set, the oxygenation looped pipeline 8 is tilted positioned at first hang plate 3 and second Spacing opens up multiple oxygenation holes on the lower section of plate 4, the oxygenation looped pipeline 8；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 23 DEG C, and pH value is 8.2, Transparency is 33cm, obtains cultivation water, in addition to, put pipeline in a suitable place to breed, the pipeline of putting in a suitable place to breed passes through filter screen 5 by the extraneous ring of culturing pool 1 Border is connected with internal environment, and 600 tail loach are delivered in every mu of culturing pool of pipeline 1 by putting in a suitable place to breed, delivers shrimp seedling, and the dispensing of shrimp seedling is close Spend for 80,000 every mu of tails；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 7 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 19:00-21:, open oxygenation at 00 point Machine 6, carries out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-11:00 point, night 21:00-23:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3-5 days, more The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths in culturing pool 1 is changed, is put into shrimp seedling in 30-90 days, daily daytime 6:00-9: 00, night 18:00-21:, open aerator 6 at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-12:00 point, night 21:00-24: 00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 2-3 days, changes in culturing pool 1 4/30ths to ten/10ths water body, in shrimp seedling input In 90-120 days, daily daytime 6:00-10:00, night 17:00-21:, open aerator 6 at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 11:00-15:00 point, night 22:00-2:00 point enter water-filling body exchange, every 1-2 days, replacing culturing pool 1 in cumulative volume very 4/30ths to ten water body；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into after exchange pond 2,20min, Second pump housing is opened, water body in pond 2 will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed phase of first pump housing and second pump housing Together, first pump housing is closed, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, second pump housing is closed；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool 1：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin 15, precipitation 5-6h in pond 1, opens the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin 15 is pumped into buffer pool 17, Into buffer pool 15, the cumulative volume of water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool 1 in injected clear water to buffer pool 17, adjusts It is cultivation water to save the water body in the buffer pool 17, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool 17 is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, Residue is the mixture of bottom of pond humus, sludge and water body in culturing pool 1, and the water body adjusted in the buffer pool 17 is foster Water is grown, is specially：It is 2 according to volume scaled down input mass ratio:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring Make its dissolving complete, wherein, the mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder is 10- with the mass volume ratio for exchanging water in pond 2 Between 150mg/L, regulation water temperature be 22-25 DEG C between, pH value be 7.8-8.5 between, transparency be 30-40cm between, ；
The microbial modulator is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:It is 1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitrobacteria, anti- Nitrobacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum mixture, input 5kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool 1；
With first hang plate 3 and second hang plate 4 for mainboard 19, the two sides of mainboard 19 along its length on Lower spacing is provided with multiple subplates 20, and the subplate 20 is set diagonally downward relative to the mainboard 19；
The shower nozzle 12 is included along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe 21 of the top surface of culturing pool 1, and the ring pipe 21 is close to institute The side for stating the inwall of culturing pool 1 is provided with delivery port, and the side wall that the ring pipe 21 is located at below the delivery port is described along direction The direction of the inwall of culturing pool 1 sets a deflector 22, and the distance between the bottom of deflector 22 and the inwall of the culturing pool 1 is little In 0.5mm.
The delivery port is along the circumferentially disposed strip of the ring pipe 21；
What rich water was handled in step 4 concretely comprises the following steps：
A, opening aerator 6, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator 6；
B, first pump housing of opening, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into after exchange pond 2,20min, second pump housing is opened, will exchange Water body is pumped into culturing pool 1 in pond 2, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed 1h, closes first pump housing, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1 removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence Splash vitamin conditioning agent 500g, the vitamin conditioning agent in 500g, the 6h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1 Specially：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, lotus root, frozen bean curd and pea mixing steams 60min, must steam mixture, will Steam mixture to be placed in beater, add the lemon juice for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture, be beaten to obtain slurries, add slurries The mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality, is uniformly mixed and produces vitamin conditioning agent, and the mixed vitamin is that mass ratio is 1:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, the mixture of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12；
The mesh of the filter screen 5 is less than the rugosity of loach and shrimp seedling, pass through loach and shrimp seedling, the bottom of filter screen 5 End is abutted with the top of the second hang plate 4.
<Embodiment 3>
As shown in figure 1, a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Culturing pool 1, exchange pond 2, sedimentation basin 15 and buffering Pond 17, wherein, the side wall of culturing pool 1, which has, exchanges liquid outlet 9, and one end of the first pipeline 10 is connected with exchanging liquid outlet 9, separately One end is connected with exchanging pond 2, and first pipeline 10 is provided with first pump housing, and water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, The one end of second pipe 11 is connected with the pond 2 that exchanges, and the other end is connected with the top shower nozzle 12 of culturing pool 1, the second pipe 11 Second pump housing is provided with, water body in pond 2 will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool 1, the side wall of culturing pool 1 is located at bottom of pond least significant end side Upper end has solid discharge 13, and one end of the 3rd pipeline 14 is connected with solid discharge 13, and the other end is connected with sedimentation basin 15, described 3rd pipeline 14 is provided with the 3rd pump housing, and residue in culturing pool 1 is pumped into sedimentation basin 15, and the one end of the 4th pipeline 16 sinks with described Shallow lake pond 15 is connected, and the other end is connected with buffer pool 17, and the 4th pipeline 16 is provided with the 4th pump housing, by the supernatant of sedimentation basin 15 Liquid pump enters buffer pool 17, and the one end of the 5th pipeline 18 is connected with the buffer pool 17, and the other end connects with the top shower nozzle 12 of culturing pool 1 Logical, the 5th pipeline 18 is provided with the 5th pump housing, and water body in buffer pool 17 is pumped into culturing pool 1；
Step 2, opens first pump housing, and by the water pump in culturing pool 1 to pond 2 is exchanged, matter is added into the exchange pond 2 Amount is than being 2:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make after its dissolving completely, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide Mixture with bleaching powder is with exchanging the mass volume ratio of water in pond 2 for 120mg/L；
The thick sludge of the bottom of pond upper strata 1-2cm of culturing pool 1 is removed, cut the earth the regulation bottom surface of culturing pool 1 and horizontal plane angle For 20 °, in the bottom surface of culturing pool 1, paving spills a layer thickness for 2-4mm quick limes, is exposed to the sun 3 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean institute The bottom surface quick lime of culturing pool 1 is stated to crack, injection antivirus water sprays microorganism to the bottom surface highest point at least 1cm of culturing pool 1 is flooded Conditioning agent, equidistantly tilts along its width in the culturing pool 1 and installs multiple tops are located at same level first Hang plate 3, the oblique upper of the first hang plate 3 is tilted upward with it in 30 ° of multiple second hang plates 4 of installation, and multiple second incline The bottom of swash plate 4 is located at same level, and height is higher than the height of the bottom of the first hang plate 3, first hang plate 3 Do not connect with second hang plate 4, injection antivirus water is to the top of the second hang plate 4 described in water submerged of killing virus, along the cultivation Pond 1 is circumferential to be equipped with filter screen 5, and injection antivirus water, the distance of filter screen 5 to the bottom surface highest point of culturing pool 1 is at least 0.6m, the filter The distance of antivirus water top surface is 1.7m in net 5 to culturing pool 1, wherein, the exchange liquid outlet 9 is located at the upper end of filter screen 5, step Water inventory of being killed virus in rapid two can be discharged into the water body for exchanging pond by excluding according to actual needs in a part of culturing pool, can also By extra addition water body, with specific reference in culturing pool water body number and the later stage cultivate needed for water body number determine；
1 aerator 6 of configuration in step 3, every mu of culturing pool 1, the oxygenation supervisor 7 of the aerator 6 sequentially passes through described First hang plate 3 is set with second hang plate 4 along the length direction of culturing pool 1, and 7 are responsible for along institute perpendicular to the oxygenation State the width of culturing pool 1 and multiple oxygenation looped pipelines 8 are set, the oxygenation looped pipeline 8 is tilted positioned at first hang plate 3 and second Spacing opens up multiple oxygenation holes on the lower section of plate 4, the oxygenation looped pipeline 8；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 25 DEG C, and pH value is 7.9, Transparency is 36cm, obtains cultivation water, in addition to, put pipeline in a suitable place to breed, the pipeline of putting in a suitable place to breed passes through filter screen 5 by the extraneous ring of culturing pool 1 Border is connected with internal environment, and 700 tail loach are delivered in every mu of culturing pool of pipeline 1 by putting in a suitable place to breed, delivers shrimp seedling, and the dispensing of shrimp seedling is close Spend for 60,000 every mu of tails；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 7 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 19:00-21:, open oxygenation at 00 point Machine 6, carries out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-11:00 point, night 21:00-23:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3 days, is changed The water body of cumulative volume 3/10ths in culturing pool 1, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 6 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 18: 00-21:, open aerator 6 at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-12:00 point, night 21:00-24:00 point is entered water-filling Body was exchanged, every 3 days, changed in culturing pool 1 4/10ths water body, was put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, daily daytime 6:00- 10:00, night 17:00-21:, open aerator 6 at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 11:00-15:00 point, night 22:00- 2:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 2 days, changes the water body of cumulative volume 4/10ths in culturing pool 1；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into after exchange pond 2,20min, Second pump housing is opened, water body in pond 2 will be exchanged and be pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed phase of first pump housing and second pump housing Together, first pump housing is closed, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, second pump housing is closed；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool 1：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin 15, precipitation 5-6h in pond 1, opens the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin 15 is pumped into buffer pool 17, Into buffer pool 15, the cumulative volume of water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool 1 in injected clear water to buffer pool 17, adjusts It is cultivation water to save the water body in the buffer pool 17, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool 17 is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, Residue is the mixture of bottom of pond humus, sludge and water body in culturing pool 1, and the water body adjusted in the buffer pool 17 is foster Water is grown, is specially：It is 2 according to volume scaled down input mass ratio:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring Make its dissolving complete, wherein, the mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder is 10- with the mass volume ratio for exchanging water in pond 2 Between 150mg/L, regulation water temperature be 22-25 DEG C between, pH value be 7.8-8.5 between, transparency be 30-40cm between, ；
The microbial modulator is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:It is 1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitrobacteria, anti- Nitrobacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum mixture, input 5kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool 1；
With first hang plate 3 and second hang plate 4 for mainboard 19, the two sides of mainboard 19 along its length on Lower spacing is provided with multiple subplates 20, and the subplate 20 is set diagonally downward relative to the mainboard 19；
The shower nozzle 12 is included along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe 21 of the top surface of culturing pool 1, and the ring pipe 21 is close to institute The side for stating the inwall of culturing pool 1 is provided with delivery port, and the side wall that the ring pipe 21 is located at below the delivery port is described along direction The direction of the inwall of culturing pool 1 sets a deflector 22, and the distance between the bottom of deflector 22 and the inwall of the culturing pool 1 is little In 0.5mm.
The delivery port is along the circumferentially disposed strip of the ring pipe 21；
What rich water was handled in step 4 concretely comprises the following steps：
A, opening aerator 6, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator 6；
B, first pump housing of opening, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into after exchange pond 2,20min, second pump housing is opened, will exchange Water body is pumped into culturing pool 1 in pond 2, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed 1h, closes first pump housing, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1 removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence Splash vitamin conditioning agent 500g, the vitamin conditioning agent in 500g, the 6h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1 Specially：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, lotus root, frozen bean curd and pea mixing steams 70min, must steam mixture, will Steam mixture to be placed in beater, add the lemon juice for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture, be beaten to obtain slurries, add slurries The mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality, is uniformly mixed and produces vitamin conditioning agent, and the mixed vitamin is that mass ratio is 1:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, the mixture of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12；
The mesh of the filter screen 5 is less than the rugosity of loach and shrimp seedling, pass through loach and shrimp seedling, the bottom of filter screen 5 End is abutted with the top of the second hang plate 4.
<Comparative example 1>
Water body pump in culturing pool 1 quick lime of equivalent, equivalent two are not spilled into directly to exchanging in pond 2 into water body The mixture processing of chlorine monoxid and bleaching powder.
<Comparative example 2>
On the basis of embodiment 3, the 1st hang plate, the 2nd hang plate, filter screen 5 are not provided with, without the cultivation of loach, is supported Grow 120 days.
<Comparative example 3>
On the basis of embodiment 3, be not provided with exchanging pond 2, sedimentation basin 15 and buffer pool 17, exchanged without water body and Water body is changed in culturing pool 1, is cultivated 120 days.
<Comparative example 4>
On the basis of embodiment 3, the vitamin conditioning agent does not include：Chinese yam, lotus root, frozen bean curd, pea and lemon Juice, only mixed vitamin, are cultivated 120 days.
<Cultivate result detection>
1：Choose the sludge thickness of bottom of pond in several places detection comparative examples 1, average pool bottom sludge thickness much larger than real Sludge thickness in example 3 is applied, wherein, the detection mode of sludge thickness is takes diameter of section to be 10cm thick, and weight is 60 kilograms of the body of rod, Vertical to be put into culturing pool 1, the detection body of rod submerges the depth of pond body sludge；
Water body and pool bottom sludge in comparative example 1 is taken to carry out total plate count with the water body and pool bottom sludge in embodiment 3 Determine, show that the total plate count in the water body in comparative example 1 is much larger than the total plate count of the water body in embodiment 3, and comparative example 1 In pool bottom sludge in total plate count be much larger than embodiment 3 in pool bottom sludge total plate count.
2：According to embodiment 3 and comparative example 2-4 cultural method, regulation cultivation density is 60,000 tails/mu, cultivation 2000 Tail Penaeus Vannmei, Statistics Implementation example 3 and comparative example 2-4 Penaeus Vannmei growing state stage by stage, as a result as shown in table 1：
The Penaeus Vannmei of table 1 survival rate parameter list stage by stage
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Culturing pool, exchange pond, sedimentation basin and buffer pool, wherein, Culturing pool side wall, which has, exchanges liquid outlet, and one end of the first pipeline connects with exchanging liquid outlet, the other end with exchanging pond Logical, first pipeline is provided with first pump housing, and cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into exchange pond, and second pipe one end is handed over described Pond connection is changed, the other end is connected with culturing pool top shower nozzle, and the second pipe is provided with second pump housing, will exchange pool inner water Body is pumped into culturing pool, and culturing pool side wall, which is located at bottom of pond least significant end side upper end, has solid discharge, one end of the 3rd pipeline Connected with solid discharge, the other end is connected with sedimentation basin, the 3rd pipeline is provided with the 3rd pump housing, by residue in culturing pool Sedimentation basin is pumped into, the 4th pipeline one end is connected with the sedimentation basin, and the other end is connected with buffer pool, the 4th pipeline is provided with 4th pump housing, buffer pool is pumped into by sedimentation basin supernatant, and the 5th pipeline one end is connected with the buffer pool, the other end and cultivation Pond top shower nozzle connection, the 5th pipeline is provided with the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool is pumped into culturing pool；
Step 2, opens first pump housing, and by the water pump in culturing pool to pond is exchanged, it is 2 that mass ratio is added into the exchange pond: 1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make after its dissolving completely, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder Mixture with exchange pool inner water mass volume ratio be 10-150mg/L；
The thick sludge of culturing pool bottom of pond upper strata 1-2cm is removed, the regulation culturing pool bottom surface of cutting the earth is 15- with horizontal plane angle 20 °, in the culturing pool bottom surface, paving spills a layer thickness for 2-4mm quick limes, is exposed to the sun 2-4 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean described in Culturing pool bottom surface quick lime to crack, injection antivirus water sprays microorganism to culturing pool bottom surface highest point at least 0.5-1cm is flooded Conditioning agent, equidistantly tilts along its width to install multiple tops and be located at the first of same level in the culturing pool and inclines Swash plate, the first hang plate oblique upper is tilted upward with it in 30-40 ° of multiple second hang plates of installation, and multiple second tilt The bottom of plate is located at same level, and height is higher than the height of the first hang plate bottom, first hang plate and institute State the second hang plate not connect, injection antivirus water to the second hang plate top described in water submerged of killing virus is circumferential along the culturing pool It is equipped with filter screen, injection antivirus water, the distance of filter screen to culturing pool bottom surface highest point is at least 0.5-0.6m, the filter screen is to supporting The distance for growing water top surface of being killed virus in pond is 1.5-1.7m, wherein, the exchange liquid outlet is located at the filter screen upper end；
1 aerator of configuration in step 3, every mu of culturing pool, the oxygenation supervisor of the aerator sequentially passes through described first and tilted Plate is set with second hang plate along the culturing pool length direction, is responsible for perpendicular to the oxygenation along the culturing pool width Direction sets multiple oxygenation looped pipelines, and the oxygenation looped pipeline is located at below first hang plate and the second hang plate, the oxygenation Spacing opens up multiple oxygenation holes on looped pipeline；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and pH value is 7.8- 8.5, transparency is 30-40cm, obtains cultivation water, in addition to, put pipeline in a suitable place to breed, it is described to put pipeline in a suitable place to breed through filter screen by outside culturing pool Boundary's environment is connected with internal environment, by putting dispensing 600-800 tail loach in every mu of culturing pool of pipeline in a suitable place to breed, delivers shrimp seedling, shrimp seedling Dispensing density be every mu of the tails of 6-8 ten thousand；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 7 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 19:00-21:00 point, aerator is opened, is entered Row oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-11:00 point, night 21:00-23:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3-5 days, changes cultivation The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths in pond, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 6 in shrimp seedling:00-9:00, night 18:00-21:, open aerator at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 9:00-12:00 point, night 21:00-24:00 point of progress Water body was exchanged, every 2-3 days, changed in culturing pool 4/30ths to ten/10ths water body, was put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, Daily daytime 6:00-10:00, night 17:00-21:, open aerator at 00 point, carry out oxygenation, daily daytime 11:00-15:00 Point, night 22:00-2:00 point enter water-filling body exchange, every 1-2 days, replacing culturing pool in cumulative volume 30 to ten/10ths/ Four water body；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into exchange pond, after 20min, the is opened Two pump housings, will exchange pool inner water body and are pumped into culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes the One pump housing, until second pump housing is pumped into after culturing pool completely by pool inner water body is exchanged, closes second pump housing；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool：The 3rd pump housing is opened, by culturing pool Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin, precipitation 5-6h, is opened the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin is pumped into buffer pool, into buffer pool Injected clear water to the cumulative volume for buffering pool inner water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool, adjusts in the buffer pool Water body is cultivation water, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool is pumped into culturing pool.
2. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that micro- life Thing conditioning agent is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and plant breast Input 3-5kg microbial modulators in the mixture of bacillus, every mu of culturing pool.
3. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that with described the One hang plate and second hang plate are mainboard, and mainboard two sides are along its length between the upper and lower away from provided with multiple subplates, institute Subplate is stated to set diagonally downward relative to the mainboard.
4. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the shower nozzle Including along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe of the culturing pool top surface, the ring pipe is provided with out close to the side of the culturing pool inwall The mouth of a river, the side wall that the ring pipe is located at below the delivery port sets a water conservancy diversion along the direction towards the culturing pool inwall Plate, the distance between the deflector bottom and the culturing pool inwall is not more than 0.5mm.
5. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability is improved as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the water outlet Mouth is one kind in the through hole set along the circumferentially disposed strip of the ring pipe, spacing.
6. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4 What rich water was handled concretely comprises the following steps：
A, opening aerator, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator；
B, first pump housing of opening, cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into after exchange pond, 20min, second pump housing is opened, will exchange pool inner water Body is pumped into culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, closes First pump housing, until second pump housing is pumped into after culturing pool completely by pool inner water body is exchanged, closes second pump housing；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence 500g, Put the vitamin conditioning agent 500g that splashed in 6h before Penaeus Vannmei, every mu of culturing pool in a suitable place to breed, the vitamin conditioning agent is specially：Will Mass ratio is 1:1:2:1 Chinese yam, lotus root, frozen bean curd and pea mixing steams 60-70min, must steam mixture, mixed by steaming Compound is placed in beater, adds the lemon juice for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture, is beaten to obtain slurries, adds 0.05 times of matter of slurries The mixed vitamin of amount, is uniformly mixed and produces vitamin conditioning agent, and the mixed vitamin is that mass ratio is 1:1.1: 1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, the mixture of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.
7. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the filter screen Mesh be less than the rugosity of loach and shrimp seedling, pass through loach and shrimp seedling, the filter screen bottom and second hang plate Top is abutted.
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