CN107182875A - Improve the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate - Google Patents
Improve the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107182875A CN107182875A CN201710453770.5A CN201710453770A CN107182875A CN 107182875 A CN107182875 A CN 107182875A CN 201710453770 A CN201710453770 A CN 201710453770A CN 107182875 A CN107182875 A CN 107182875A
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- Prior art keywords
- culturing pool
- pond
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- pool
- pump housing
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- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, comprise the following steps：Step 1: cultivating system is built, including：Culturing pool, exchange pond, sedimentation basin, buffer pool；Step 2, by the water pump in culturing pool to buffer pool, the mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder is added into the exchange pond, antivirus water is obtained；Remove culturing pool bottom of pond upper strata sludge, paving spills one layer of quick lime in the culturing pool bottom surface, be exposed to the sun to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean culturing pool bottom surface quick lime to crack, injection antivirus water sprays microbial modulator；Step 4, carries out rich water processing, delivers shrimp seedling, the dispensing density of shrimp seedling is 68 ten thousand every mu of tails.The present invention, which has to eliminate physical removal and chemistry, effectively to be combined, and is improved antivirus effect to improve water body environment from root, while by exchanging pond, drainage component, the second shower nozzle and the setting for connecing chute, carrying out water body exchange, is improved Penaeus Vannmei survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture of Penaeus vannamei field.It is more particularly related to which a kind of improve Penaeus Vannmei
The cultural method of survival rate.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei, scientific name Litoenaeus vannamei belongs to Arthropoda, average life span at least can be more than 32 months, adult
Most long up to 24cm, crust is relatively thin, and normal body colour is shallow cinerous, and whole body does not have speckle.Step is often in chalk shape, and meat is fresh
U.S., with very high economic value.Processing dressing percentage may be up to 67%, and suitable temperature range is wide, can fit salt model in 18-32 DEG C of growth
Enclose also wide, can be grown under the conditions of salinity 1-40 ‰, be a kind of excellent desalination cultivation kind.Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, resists
Sick ability is strong, has been increasingly becoming the main cultivation shrimp species of south China.The ground such as China Xiamen, the North Sea, Nanning and Guangzhou have
Shrimp seedling, shrimp nauplius or the close shrimp supply of material.
But by shrimp seedling from indoor raising of seedling pond move be put into growing pond when, due to the change of bait, environment, cause shrimp seedling not
Adapt to and cause stress be dead, huge economic loss is caused to numerous raisers, thus it is comprehensive to environment conditioning and right
Shrimp seedling physiological habit regulate and control with maintenance, research and develop it is a kind of it is scientific and reasonable can improve Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, and then drop
Low shrimp seedling early stage is lost, the problem of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is current urgent need to resolve.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, physics will be gone
Effectively combined except being eliminated with chemistry, antivirus effect is improved to improve water body environment from root, while by exchanging pond, drainage group
Part, the second shower nozzle and the setting for connecing chute, according to the growth time of shrimp seedling in growing pond, carry out water body exchange, to keep cultivation
Pool inner water body environment, improves Penaeus Vannmei survival rate.
Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved there is provided one kind according to object of the present invention and further advantage in order to realize
Cultural method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：It is the culturing pool of rectangular shape, exchanges pond, sinks
Shallow lake pond and buffer pool, wherein, the culturing pool top is provided with the first shower nozzle, and culturing pool side wall is apart from bottom of pond 0.5-0.6m
Place, which has, exchanges liquid outlet, and exchange pond top side wall is provided with the shower nozzle of tubulose second, second spray along its length
Head bottom opens up multiple through holes at equal intervals, and the exchange pond, which is located at below the shower nozzle, is provided with drainage component, by described second
Water in shower nozzle is introduced connects chute positioned at the drainage component least significant end, one end of the first pipeline with exchanging liquid outlet,
The other end is provided with first pump housing with exchanging the shower nozzle connection of pond top second, first pipeline, will cultivate pool inner water body pump
Enter and exchange pond, second pipe one end is connected with the chute that connects, the other end is connected with the shower nozzle of culturing pool top first, described second
Pipeline is provided with second pump housing, will connect water body in chute and be pumped into culturing pool, culturing pool side wall has residue close to bottom of pond
Card sets polylith demarcation strip at equal intervals in outlet, the sedimentation basin, and sedimentation basin is divided into multiple sediment spaces, the demarcation strip
Apical side height is less than the sedimentation basin apical side height, and one end of the 3rd pipeline is connected with solid discharge, and the other end is leaned on sedimentation basin
The sediment space connection of nearly described culturing pool one end, the 3rd pipeline is provided with the 3rd pump housing, by residue pump in culturing pool
Enter sedimentation basin, the 4th pipeline one end is connected with sediment space of the sedimentation basin away from described culturing pool one end, the other end is with delaying
Rush pond connection, the 4th pipeline is provided with the 4th pump housing, and sedimentation basin supernatant is pumped into buffer pool, the 5th pipeline one end with
The buffer pool connection, the other end is connected with the shower nozzle of culturing pool top first, and the 5th pipeline is provided with the 5th pump housing, will
Water body is pumped into culturing pool in buffer pool；
Wherein, the drainage component include multiple spacing set drainage plate, the drainage plate include transparent inclined floor,
Around inclined floor side wall vertical fixed top baffle and side shield, the inclined floor upper surface is parallel to the top
Baffle plate spacing is provided with multiple arcs groove, and the length of the arc groove is slightly larger than the length of second shower nozzle, the drainage
The top baffle and side shield of plate are affixed with the interior survey wall for exchanging pond respectively, side of the drainage plate away from the top baffle
The madial wall with the exchange pond is not contacted, and the arc groove is parallel to second shower nozzle, positioned at the drainage of top
Plate is set along the direction away from the shower nozzle, and the top baffle of two drainage plates of arbitrary neighborhood is installed in the relative of the exchange pond
It is described to connect lower section of the drainage plate away from its top baffle side that chute is located at least significant end on the wall of side；
Step 2, dismantles the 5th pipeline connected with first shower nozzle, the 5th pipeline is passed through the 6th pipe with culturing pool
Road is connected, and opens the 5th pump housing, by the water pump in culturing pool to buffer pool, and it is 2 that mass ratio is added into the exchange pond:1
The mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder, stirring makes after its dissolving completely, obtains antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder
Mixture is 60-100mg/L with the mass volume ratio for exchanging pool inner water；
The thick sludge of culturing pool bottom of pond upper strata 2-3cm is removed, paving is spilt a layer thickness and given birth to for 3-5mm in the culturing pool bottom surface
Lime, is exposed to the sun 2-4 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean culturing pool bottom surface quick lime to crack, injection antivirus water to culturing pool
Interior water depth is 1.5-1.7m, sprays microbial modulator；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and pH value is
7.8-8.5, transparency is 30-40cm, obtains in cultivation water, every mu of culturing pool and delivers 700-800 tail loach, delivers shrimp seedling, shrimp seedling
Dispensing density be every mu of the tails of 6-8 ten thousand；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-12:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3-5 days, more
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths in culturing pool is changed, is put into shrimp seedling in 30-90 days, daily daytime 9:00-13:
00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 2-3 days, changes in culturing pool 4/30ths to ten/10ths water body, 90- is put into shrimp seedling
In 120 days, daily daytime 11:00-16:00 point enter water-filling body exchange, every 1-2 days, replacing culturing pool in cumulative volume ten/
4/30ths to ten water body；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into exchange pond, the second pump is opened
Body, will connect water body in chute and is pumped into culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes the first pump
Body, until second pump housing will connect water body in chute and be pumped into completely after culturing pool, closes second pump housing；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated
Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin, precipitation 5-6h in pond, is opened the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin is pumped into buffer pool, to buffering
Injected clear water to the cumulative volume for buffering pool inner water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool in pond, adjusts the buffer pool
Interior water body is cultivation water, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool is pumped into culturing pool.
Preferably, the microbial modulator is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitre
Change bacterium, denitrifying bacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum mixture, input 3-5kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool.
Preferably, the cultural method of described raising Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, in addition to, configured in every mu of culturing pool
1 aerator, the distance of the oxygenation supervisor of the aerator apart from culturing pool bottom is 0.3-0.4m, and along the processing pond length
Direction is set, and multiple oxygenation looped pipelines, the oxygenation looped pipeline are set along the processing pond width perpendicular to oxygenation supervisor
Spacing opens up in multiple oxygenation holes, the oxygenation hole and lays the porous material being made up of the aperture being mutually communicated on bottom end side wall；
Wherein, put into shrimp seedling in 30 days, aerator is opened daily, carry out oxygenation 5h, put into shrimp seedling in 30-90 days, opened daily
Aerator, carries out oxygenation 6h, is put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, and aerator is opened daily, carries out oxygenation 7h.
Preferably, first shower nozzle is included along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe of the culturing pool top surface, the ring pipe
Delivery port is provided with close to the side of the culturing pool inwall, and the ring pipe is located at side wall below the delivery port along towards institute
The direction for stating culturing pool inwall sets a deflector, and the distance between the deflector bottom and the culturing pool inwall is not more than
0.5mm。
Preferably, described to connect the rectangular parallelepiped structure that chute is top, it is remote along the drainage plate for being located at least significant end
The length direction of its top baffle side is set, it is described connect above chute bottom surface sealing along its length and tilt card set a substrate,
The substrate least significant end connects the space sealing that chute inwall and bottom surface are surrounded with described, to form low-lying in the chute bottom surface that connects
Place, second pipe is located at described one end connect in chute and connected with the low-lying place for connecing chute.
Preferably, in step 4 rich water handle concretely comprise the following steps：
A, opening aerator, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator；
B, first pump housing of opening, are pumped into exchange pond by cultivation pool inner water body, open second pump housing, will connect water body pump in chute
Enter culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, closes first
The pump housing, until second pump housing is pumped into after culturing pool completely by pool inner water body is exchanged, closes second pump housing；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence
Splash vitamin conditioning agent 500g in 500g, the 6h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool.
Preferably, the vitamin conditioning agent is specially：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, seaweed, frozen bean curd,
And pea mixing steams 60-70min, must steam mixture, will steam mixture and be placed in beater, addition steams mixture
The lemon juice of 0.2 times of quality, is beaten to obtain slurries, adds the mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality of slurries, is uniformly mixed and produces
Vitamin conditioning agent, the mixed vitamin is that mass ratio is 1:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, vitamin B6,
And the mixture of vitamin B12.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
Firstth, Penaeus Vannmei belongs to zoobenthos, due to more than harmful substance or being predominantly located in culturing pool bottom table, arranges
Excavate in dry culturing pool after water body top layer bed mud can remove it is most of hide the harmful organism in top layer bed mud, then supporting
Grow bottom of pond face paving and spill quick lime, can effectively kill the harmful organisms such as parasite, virus, germ in potential mud, simultaneously
Pond soil acidity or alkalinity can be improved, then the water body in culturing pool is killed virus, physical removal and chemistry are eliminated effective
With reference to processing water body and sludge, water body environment is improved while improving antivirus effect from root respectively；
Secondth, microbial modulator by the use of nutriments such as the nitrogen in shrimp ponds, phosphorus, carbon and sulphur as its metabolism growth thing,
Building up for nutriment is reduced, the growth of favourable bottom of pond beneficial bacterium advantage group reduces the quantity of harmful bacteria, improved
The microenvironment of substrate and the ecological balance of water environment；
3rd, by exchanging pond, drainage component, the second shower nozzle and the setting for connecing chute, according to the life of shrimp seedling in growing pond
For a long time, water body exchange is carried out, increases oxygen content of water, while carrying out photosynthetic general mainly superficial water in growing pond
In algae, the algae sunlight irradiation of bottom water body carries out photosynthesis less than few, carries out water body exchange, bottom water body is led to
Cross exchange pond and be passed through top layer, be that bottom water body can also carry out photosynthesis, while photosynthesis will fully be carried out rich in saturation
The top layer water body of oxygen imports bottom, is used for Penaeus Vannmei, by way of Penaeus Vannmei and loach are raised together with, loach is few
Sick easily oxygen, it is not high to water quality requirement, and also it belongs to omnivorousness, can absorb water-bed humus or body refuse, slows down water-bed humic
The pollution of matter or body refuse to water body, improves Water quality, keeps water body environment in culturing pool, passes through sedimentation basin and buffer pool
Set, circular treatment removes pool bottom sludge, water body is reused, slow down parasite, virus, germ in potential mud etc. and be harmful to
The injury that biology is caused to Penaeus Vannmei, increases Penaeus Vannmei survival rate.
4th, the use of vitamin conditioning agent can effectively mitigate the sense of urgency of shrimp when putting Penaeus Vannmei in a suitable place to breed, it is to avoid
Nutrient and the energy (such as vivo protein) laid in are supplied to the urgent physiology wanted for required consumption by prawn in other words to tackle
Function, caused by the Penaeus Vannmei death rate increase, greatly improve Penaeus Vannmei stress ability, reduction water difference and each
Stimulation of the factor of kind to shrimp seedling is constrained, and increases Penaeus Vannmei survival rate.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cultivating system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drainage plate of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the present invention for connecing chute.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art's reference
Specification word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute
Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained.
<Embodiment 1>
As Figure 1-3, a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Be rectangular shape culturing pool 1, exchange pond 2,
Sedimentation basin 3 and buffer pool 4, wherein, the top of culturing pool 1 is provided with the first shower nozzle 10, and the side wall of culturing pool 1 is apart from bottom of pond
Have at 0.5m and exchange liquid outlet 13, the liquid outlet 13 that exchanges is mainly used in the liquid export of middle and lower part in culturing pool 1, tool
The implementation of body can be punched in side wall and realized, can also by by the first pipeline 7 be passed through in culturing pool 1 to predetermined altitude with
By the liquid export of middle and lower part in culturing pool 1, the top side wall of exchange pond 2 is provided with pipe along along the side wall length direction level
The second shower nozzle of shape 20, the bottom of the second shower nozzle 20 opens up multiple through holes, the friendship at equal intervals along the length direction of the second shower nozzle 20
Change to be located at below the shower nozzle in pond 2 and be provided with drainage component 5, the water in second shower nozzle 20 is introduced and is located at the drainage
The least significant end of component 5 connects chute 6, and one end of the first pipeline 7 connects with exchanging liquid outlet 13, and the other end is with exchanging the top of pond 2 the
Two shower nozzles 20 are connected, and first pipeline 7 is provided with first pump housing, and water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, the second pipe
The one end of road 70 is connected with the chute 6 that connects, and the other end is connected with the first shower nozzle of top 10 of culturing pool 1, on the second pipe 70
Provided with second pump housing, water body in chute 6 will be connect and be pumped into culturing pool 1, the side wall of culturing pool 1 has solid discharge close to bottom of pond
14, the specific implementation of the solid discharge 14 can realize export bottom residue in the punching of side wall, can also be by by the
Three pipelines 71 are passed through in culturing pool 1 until bottom of pond upper end is so that bottom residue to be exported, in culturing pool 1 residue be bottom of pond humus,
Card sets polylith demarcation strip 30 at equal intervals in the mixture of sludge and water body, the sedimentation basin 3, sedimentation basin 3 is divided into many
Individual sediment space, the apical side height of demarcation strip 30 is less than the apical side height of sedimentation basin 3, one end of the 3rd pipeline 71 and residue
Outlet 14 is connected, and sediment space of the other end with sedimentation basin 3 close to described one end of culturing pool 1 is connected, on the 3rd pipeline 71
Provided with the 3rd pump housing, residue in culturing pool 1 is pumped into sedimentation basin 3, it is bottom of pond humus, dirt into the residue in sedimentation basin 3
The mixture of mud and water body, the material that bottom of pond humus, sludge isodensity are more than water is precipitated in the presence of self gravitation,
By the setting of multiple sediment spaces, strengthen residue itself sedimentation effect, the one end of the 4th pipeline 72 is with the sedimentation basin 3 away from institute
State the sediment space connection of the one end of culturing pool 1, specifically relevant according to the supernatant present position in sedimentation basin 3, the 4th pipeline
72 are mainly used in the supernatant in sedimentation basin 3 importing buffer pool 4, and the other end is connected with buffer pool 4, on the 4th pipeline 72
Provided with the 4th pump housing, the supernatant of sedimentation basin 3 is pumped into buffer pool 4, the one end of the 5th pipeline 73 is connected with the buffer pool 4, separately
One end is connected with the first shower nozzle of top 10 of culturing pool 1, and the 5th pipeline 73 is provided with the 5th pump housing, by water in buffer pool 4
Body is pumped into culturing pool 1；
Wherein, the drainage component 5 includes the drainage plate 50 that multiple spacing are set, and the drainage plate 50 includes transparent tilt
Bottom plate 51, on the side wall of inclined floor 51 vertical fixed top baffle 52 and side shield 53, the inclined floor 51
Surface is provided with multiple arcs groove 54 parallel to the spacing of top baffle 52, and the length of the arc groove 54 is slightly larger than described the
The length of two shower nozzles 20, the top baffle 52 and side shield 53 of the drainage plate 50 is affixed with the interior survey wall for exchanging pond 2 respectively,
Madial wall of side of the drainage plate 50 away from the top baffle 52 not with the exchange pond 2 is contacted, and the arc groove
54 parallel to second shower nozzle 20, and the drainage plate 50 positioned at top is set along the direction away from the shower nozzle, arbitrary neighborhood
The top baffles 52 of two drainage plates 50 be installed in the opposing sidewalls in the exchange pond 2, the chute 6 that connects is positioned at least significant end
Lower section of the drainage plate 50 away from its side of top baffle 52；
Step 2, dismantles the 5th pipeline 73 connected with first shower nozzle 10, the 5th pipeline 73 is passed through with culturing pool 1
6th pipeline communication, opens the 5th pump housing, by the water pump in culturing pool 1 to buffer pool 4, at this time it is also possible to otherwise
Realize the water pump in culturing pool 1 to buffer pool 4, it is 2 that mass ratio is added into the exchange pond 2:1 chlorine dioxide and bleaching
The mixture of powder, stirring makes after its dissolving completely, obtains antivirus water, wherein, the mixture of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder is with exchanging pond 2
The mass volume ratio of interior water is 60mg/L；
The bottom of pond upper strata sludge of culturing pool 1 is removed, the thickness range of sludge is removed in 2-3cm, in the bottom surface of culturing pool 1
Paving spill one layer of quick lime, spread the thickness control of quick lime in the range of 3-5mm, be exposed to the sun 2 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, cleaning institute
The bottom surface quick lime of culturing pool 1 is stated to crack, it is 1.5m, sprinkling microorganism regulation to inject water depth in antivirus water to culturing pool 1
Agent；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 22 DEG C, and pH value is 7.8,
Transparency is 30cm, obtains in cultivation water, every mu of culturing pool 1 and delivers 700 tail loach, delivers shrimp seedling, the dispensing density of shrimp seedling is 60,000
Every mu of tail；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-12:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3 days, is changed
The water body of cumulative volume 3/10ths in culturing pool 1, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-13:00 point is entered water-filling
Body was exchanged, every 3 days, changed in culturing pool 1 4/10ths water body, was put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, daily daytime 11:
00-16:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 1 day, changes the water body of cumulative volume 3/10ths in culturing pool 1；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, second is opened
The pump housing, will connect water body in chute 6 and is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes the
One pump housing, until second pump housing will connect water body in chute 6 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool 1：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated
Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin 3, precipitation 5h in pond 1, opens the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin 3 is pumped into buffer pool 4, Xiang Huan
The cumulative volume for rushing water in injected clear water to buffer pool 4 in pond 4 is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool 1, and regulation is described
Water body in buffer pool 4 is cultivation water, opens the 5th pump housing, and water body in buffer pool 4 is pumped into culturing pool 1, adjusts the buffering
Water body in pond 4 is cultivation water, is specially：It is 2 according to volume scaled down input mass ratio:1 chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder
Mixture, stirring makes its dissolving complete, wherein, the mass volume ratio of chlorine dioxide and water in buffer pool 4 is 60-100mg/L
Between, regulation water temperature is between 22-25 DEG C, pH value is between 7.8-8.5, transparency is between 30-40cm, you can, it is real
Apply in example 1 and embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are equally applicable to the further restriction of structure or method.
<Embodiment 2>
As Figure 1-3, a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Be rectangular shape culturing pool 1, exchange pond 2,
Sedimentation basin 3 and buffer pool 4, wherein, the top of culturing pool 1 is provided with the first shower nozzle 10, and the side wall of culturing pool 1 is apart from bottom of pond
Have at 0.6m and exchange liquid outlet 13, the top side wall of exchange pond 2 is provided with the second shower nozzle of tubulose 20, institute along its length
State the bottom of the second shower nozzle 20 and open up multiple through holes at equal intervals, the exchange pond 2, which is located at below the shower nozzle, is provided with drainage component 5,
So that the water in second shower nozzle 20 to be introduced chute 6, one end of the first pipeline 7 are connect positioned at the least significant end of drainage component 5
Connected with exchanging liquid outlet 13, the other end is connected with exchanging the second shower nozzle of top 20 of pond 2, and first pipeline 7 is provided with first
The pump housing, exchange pond 2 is pumped into by water body in culturing pool 1, and the one end of second pipe 70 is connected with the chute 6 that connects, and the other end is with supporting
The first shower nozzle of top 10 of pond 1 is grown to connect, the second pipe 70 be provided with second pump housing, will connect water body in chute 6 be pumped into it is foster
Pond 1 is grown, the side wall of culturing pool 1 has at equal intervals to block in solid discharge 14, the sedimentation basin 3 close to bottom of pond sets polylith demarcation strip
30, sedimentation basin 3 is divided into multiple sediment spaces, the apical side height of demarcation strip 30 is less than the apical side height of sedimentation basin 3,
One end of 3rd pipeline 71 is connected with solid discharge 14, the sediment space of the other end and sedimentation basin 3 close to described one end of culturing pool 1
Connection, the 3rd pipeline 71 is provided with the 3rd pump housing, and residue in culturing pool 1 is pumped into sedimentation basin 3, the one end of the 4th pipeline 72
Connected with sediment space of the sedimentation basin 3 away from described one end of culturing pool 1, the other end is connected with buffer pool 4, the 4th pipe
Road 72 is provided with the 4th pump housing, the supernatant of sedimentation basin 3 is pumped into buffer pool 4, the one end of the 5th pipeline 73 connects with the buffer pool 4
Logical, the other end is connected with the first shower nozzle of top 10 of culturing pool 1, and the 5th pipeline 73 is provided with the 5th pump housing, by buffer pool 4
Interior water body is pumped into culturing pool 1；
Wherein, the drainage component 5 includes the drainage plate 50 that multiple spacing are set, and the drainage plate 50 includes transparent tilt
Bottom plate 51, on the side wall of inclined floor 51 vertical fixed top baffle 52 and side shield 53, the inclined floor 51
Surface is provided with multiple arcs groove 54 parallel to the spacing of top baffle 52, and the length of the arc groove 54 is slightly larger than described the
The length of two shower nozzles 20, the top baffle 52 and side shield 53 of the drainage plate 50 is affixed with the interior survey wall for exchanging pond 2 respectively,
Madial wall of side of the drainage plate 50 away from the top baffle 52 not with the exchange pond 2 is contacted, and the arc groove
54 parallel to second shower nozzle 20, and the drainage plate 50 positioned at top is set along the direction away from the shower nozzle, arbitrary neighborhood
The top baffles 52 of two drainage plates 50 be installed in the opposing sidewalls in the exchange pond 2, the chute 6 that connects is positioned at least significant end
Lower section of the drainage plate 50 away from its side of top baffle 52；
Step 2, dismantles the 5th pipeline 73 connected with first shower nozzle 10, the 5th pipeline 73 is passed through with culturing pool 1
6th pipeline communication, opens the 5th pump housing, by the water pump in culturing pool 1 to buffer pool 4, quality is added into the exchange pond 2
Than for 2:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make its dissolving completely after, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide and
The mixture of bleaching powder is 100mg/L with the mass volume ratio for exchanging water in pond 2；
The thick sludge of the bottom of pond upper strata 2-3cm of culturing pool 1 is removed, paving spills a layer thickness for 3-5mm in the bottom surface of culturing pool 1
Quick lime, is exposed to the sun 4 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean the bottom surface quick lime of culturing pool 1 to crack, injection antivirus water is to cultivating
Water depth is 1.7m in pond 1, sprays microbial modulator；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 25 DEG C, and pH value is 8.5,
Transparency is 40cm, obtains in cultivation water, every mu of culturing pool 1 and delivers 800 tail loach, delivers shrimp seedling, the dispensing density of shrimp seedling is 80,000
Every mu of tail；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-12:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 5 days, is changed
The water body of cumulative volume 4/10ths in culturing pool 1, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-13:00 point is entered water-filling
Body was exchanged, every 2 days, changed in culturing pool 1 3/10ths water body, was put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, daily daytime 11:
00-16:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 2 days, changes the water body of cumulative volume 4/10ths in culturing pool 1；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, second is opened
The pump housing, will connect water body in chute 6 and is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes the
One pump housing, until second pump housing will connect water body in chute 6 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool 1：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated
Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin 3, precipitation 6h in pond 1, opens the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin 3 is pumped into buffer pool 4, Xiang Huan
The cumulative volume for rushing water in injected clear water to buffer pool 4 in pond 4 is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool 1, and regulation is described
Water body in buffer pool 4 is cultivation water, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool 4 is pumped into culturing pool 1；
The microbial modulator is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:It is 1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitrobacteria, anti-
Nitrobacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum mixture, input 5kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool 1；
The cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved, in addition to, 1 aerator 8 of configuration, institute in every mu of culturing pool 1
It is 0.4m to state distance of the oxygenation supervisor 80 of aerator 8 apart from the bottom of culturing pool 1, and is set along the processing pond length direction, is hung down
It is straight that multiple oxygenation looped pipelines 81, the bottom end side of oxygenation looped pipeline 81 are set along the processing pond width in oxygenation supervisor 80
Spacing opens up in multiple oxygenation holes, the oxygenation hole and lays the porous material being made up of the aperture being mutually communicated on wall；Wherein, exist
Shrimp seedling was put into 30 days, and aerator 8 is opened daily, carried out oxygenation 5h, is put into shrimp seedling in 30-90 days, aerator is opened daily
8, carry out oxygenation 6h, shrimp seedling put into 90-120 days in, daily open aerator 8, progress oxygenation 7h, oxygenation can be spaced into
OK, it can also continue to carry out；
First shower nozzle 10 is included along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe 11 of the top surface of culturing pool 1, and the ring pipe 11 is leaned on
The side of the nearly inwall of culturing pool 1 is provided with delivery port, and the ring pipe 11 is located at side wall below the delivery port along direction
The direction of the inwall of culturing pool 1 sets a deflector 12, the distance between the bottom of deflector 12 and the inwall of the culturing pool 1
For 0.4mm；
The chute 6 that connects is the rectangular parallelepiped structure for going to top, and it fends off along the drainage plate 50 for being located at least significant end away from it
The length direction of the side of plate 52 is set, it is described connect above the bottom surface of chute 6 sealing along its length and tilt card set a substrate 60, institute
State the least significant end of substrate 60 and connect the space sealing that the inwall of chute 6 and bottom surface are surrounded with described, to form low in the bottom surface of chute 6 that connects
Depression, second pipe 70 is located at described one end connect in chute 6 and connected with the low-lying place for connecing chute 6；
What rich water was handled in step 4 concretely comprises the following steps：
A, opening aerator 8, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator 8；
B, first pump housing of opening, are pumped into exchange pond 2 by water body in culturing pool 1, open second pump housing, will connect water in chute 6
Body is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, closes
First pump housing, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1 removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence
Splash vitamin conditioning agent 500g in 500g, the 6h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1；
The vitamin conditioning agent is specially：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, seaweed, frozen bean curd and pea mixing
60min is steamed, mixture must be steamed, mixture will be steamed and be placed in beater, the lemon for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture is added
Juice, is beaten to obtain slurries, adds the mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality of slurries, is uniformly mixed and produces vitamin conditioning agent, institute
It is that mass ratio is 1 to state mixed vitamin:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 it is mixed
Compound.
<Embodiment 3>
As Figure 1-3, a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：Be rectangular shape culturing pool 1, exchange pond 2,
Sedimentation basin 3 and buffer pool 4, wherein, the top of culturing pool 1 is provided with the first shower nozzle 10, and the side wall of culturing pool 1 is apart from bottom of pond
Have at 0.55m and exchange liquid outlet 13, the top side wall of exchange pond 2 is provided with the second shower nozzle of tubulose 20 along its length,
The bottom of second shower nozzle 20 opens up multiple through holes at equal intervals, and the exchange pond 2, which is located at below the shower nozzle, is provided with drainage component
5, the water in second shower nozzle 20 is introduced and connects chute 6, the one of the first pipeline 7 positioned at the least significant end of drainage component 5
End is with exchanging the connections of liquid outlet 13, and the other end connects with exchanging the second shower nozzle of top 20 of pond 2, and first pipeline 7 is provided with the
One pump housing, is pumped into exchange pond 2, the one end of second pipe 70 connects with the chute 6 that connects by water body in culturing pool 1, the other end and
The first shower nozzle of top 10 of culturing pool 1 is connected, and the second pipe 70 is provided with second pump housing, will connect water body in chute 6 and be pumped into
Culturing pool 1, the side wall of culturing pool 1 has at equal intervals to block in solid discharge 14, the sedimentation basin 3 close to bottom of pond sets polylith separation
Plate 30, multiple sediment spaces are divided into by sedimentation basin 3, and the apical side height of demarcation strip 30 is high less than the top surface of sedimentation basin 3
Degree, one end of the 3rd pipeline 71 connects with solid discharge 14, the precipitation of the other end and sedimentation basin 3 close to described one end of culturing pool 1
Space is connected, and the 3rd pipeline 71 is provided with the 3rd pump housing, and residue in culturing pool 1 is pumped into sedimentation basin 3, the 4th pipeline 72
One end is connected with sediment space of the sedimentation basin 3 away from described one end of culturing pool 1, and the other end is connected with buffer pool 4, and described
Four pipelines 72 are provided with the 4th pump housing, and the supernatant of sedimentation basin 3 is pumped into buffer pool 4, the one end of the 5th pipeline 73 and the buffering
Pond 4 is connected, and the other end is connected with the first shower nozzle of top 10 of culturing pool 1, and the 5th pipeline 73 is provided with the 5th pump housing, will be slow
Rush water body in pond 4 and be pumped into culturing pool 1；
Wherein, the drainage component 5 includes the drainage plate 50 that multiple spacing are set, and the drainage plate 50 includes transparent tilt
Bottom plate 51, on the side wall of inclined floor 51 vertical fixed top baffle 52 and side shield 53, the inclined floor 51
Surface is provided with multiple arcs groove 54 parallel to the spacing of top baffle 52, and the length of the arc groove 54 is slightly larger than described the
The length of two shower nozzles 20, the top baffle 52 and side shield 53 of the drainage plate 50 is affixed with the interior survey wall for exchanging pond 2 respectively,
Madial wall of side of the drainage plate 50 away from the top baffle 52 not with the exchange pond 2 is contacted, and the arc groove
54 parallel to second shower nozzle 20, and the drainage plate 50 positioned at top is set along the direction away from the shower nozzle, arbitrary neighborhood
The top baffles 52 of two drainage plates 50 be installed in the opposing sidewalls in the exchange pond 2, the chute 6 that connects is positioned at least significant end
Lower section of the drainage plate 50 away from its side of top baffle 52；
Step 2, dismantles the 5th pipeline 73 connected with first shower nozzle 10, the 5th pipeline 73 is passed through with culturing pool 1
6th pipeline communication, opens the 5th pump housing, by the water pump in culturing pool 1 to buffer pool 4, quality is added into the exchange pond 2
Than for 2:1 chlorine dioxide and the mixture of bleaching powder, stirring make its dissolving completely after, obtain antivirus water, wherein, chlorine dioxide and
The mixture of bleaching powder is 80mg/L with the mass volume ratio for exchanging water in pond 2；
The thick sludge of the bottom of pond upper strata 2-3cm of culturing pool 1 is removed, paving spills a layer thickness for 3-5mm in the bottom surface of culturing pool 1
Quick lime, is exposed to the sun 3 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, clean the bottom surface quick lime of culturing pool 1 to crack, injection antivirus water is to cultivating
Water depth is 1.6m in pond 1, sprays microbial modulator；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 23 DEG C, and pH value is 8.1,
Transparency is 35cm, obtains in cultivation water, every mu of culturing pool 1 and delivers 750 tail loach, delivers shrimp seedling, the dispensing density of shrimp seedling is 70,000
Every mu of tail；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-12:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 4 days, is changed
The water body of cumulative volume 3/10ths in culturing pool 1, puts into 30-90 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-13:00 point is entered water-filling
Body was exchanged, every 2 days, changed in culturing pool 1 3/10ths water body, was put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, daily daytime 11:
00-16:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 2 days, changes the water body of cumulative volume 4/10ths in culturing pool 1；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, water body in culturing pool 1 is pumped into exchange pond 2, second is opened
The pump housing, will connect water body in chute 6 and is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes the
One pump housing, until second pump housing will connect water body in chute 6 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool 1：The 3rd pump housing is opened, will be cultivated
Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin 3, precipitation 5-6h in pond 1, opens the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin 3 is pumped into buffer pool 4, to
The cumulative volume of water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool 1 in injected clear water to buffer pool 4 in buffer pool 4, adjusts institute
It is cultivation water to state the water body in buffer pool 4, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool 4 is pumped into culturing pool 1；
The microbial modulator is that mass ratio is 1:1.2:1:1.1:It is 1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitrobacteria, anti-
Nitrobacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum mixture, input 4kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool 1；
The cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved, in addition to, 1 aerator 8 of configuration, institute in every mu of culturing pool 1
It is 0.35m to state distance of the oxygenation supervisor 80 of aerator 8 apart from the bottom of culturing pool 1, and is set along the processing pond length direction, is hung down
It is straight that multiple oxygenation looped pipelines 81, the bottom end side of oxygenation looped pipeline 81 are set along the processing pond width in oxygenation supervisor 80
Spacing opens up in multiple oxygenation holes, the oxygenation hole and lays the porous material being made up of the aperture being mutually communicated on wall；Wherein, exist
Shrimp seedling was put into 30 days, and aerator 8 is opened daily, carried out oxygenation 5h, is put into shrimp seedling in 30-90 days, aerator is opened daily
8, carry out oxygenation 6h, shrimp seedling put into 90-120 days in, daily open aerator 8, progress oxygenation 7h, oxygenation can be spaced into
OK, it can also continue to carry out；
First shower nozzle 10 is included along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe 11 of the top surface of culturing pool 1, and the ring pipe 11 is leaned on
The side of the nearly inwall of culturing pool 1 is provided with delivery port, and the ring pipe 11 is located at side wall below the delivery port along direction
The direction of the inwall of culturing pool 1 sets a deflector 12, the distance between the bottom of deflector 12 and the inwall of the culturing pool 1
For 0.3mm；
The chute 6 that connects is the rectangular parallelepiped structure for going to top, and it fends off along the drainage plate 50 for being located at least significant end away from it
The length direction of the side of plate 52 is set, it is described connect above the bottom surface of chute 6 sealing along its length and tilt card set a substrate 60, institute
State the least significant end of substrate 60 and connect the space sealing that the inwall of chute 6 and bottom surface are surrounded with described, to form low in the bottom surface of chute 6 that connects
Depression, second pipe 70 is located at described one end connect in chute 6 and connected with the low-lying place for connecing chute 6；
What rich water was handled in step 4 concretely comprises the following steps：
A, opening aerator 8, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator 8；
B, first pump housing of opening, are pumped into exchange pond 2 by water body in culturing pool 1, open second pump housing, will connect water in chute 6
Body is pumped into culturing pool 1, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, closes
First pump housing, until second pump housing will exchange water body in pond 2 and be pumped into completely after culturing pool 1, closes second pump housing；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1 removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence
Splash vitamin conditioning agent 500g in 500g, the 6h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool 1；
The vitamin conditioning agent is specially：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, seaweed, frozen bean curd and pea mixing
65min is steamed, mixture must be steamed, mixture will be steamed and be placed in beater, the lemon for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture is added
Juice, is beaten to obtain slurries, adds the mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality of slurries, is uniformly mixed and produces vitamin conditioning agent, institute
It is that mass ratio is 1 to state mixed vitamin:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 it is mixed
Compound.
<Comparative example 1>
On the basis of embodiment 3, not by the water body pump in culturing pool 1 to buffer pool 4, directly it is spilled into water body
The mixture processing of the quick lime of amount, equivalent chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder, without the cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei.
<Comparative example 2>
On the basis of embodiment 3, it is not provided with exchanging pond 2, sedimentation basin 3 and buffer pool 4, exchanges and support without water body
Grow water body in pond 1 to change, cultivate 120 days.
<Comparative example 3>
On the basis of embodiment 3, the vitamin conditioning agent does not include：Chinese yam, seaweed, frozen bean curd, pea and lemon
Juice, only mixed vitamin, are cultivated 120 days.
<Cultivate result detection>
Experiment 1：The sludge Thickness sensitivity of embodiment 3 and comparative example 1 is drawn：Several places are chosen to detect respectively in comparative example 1
The sludge thickness of bottom of pond, chooses the sludge thickness that bottom of pond in embodiment 3 is detected at several places respectively, the bottom of pond of comparative example 1 of averaging to obtain
Sludge thickness is much larger than sludge thickness in embodiment 3, wherein, the detection mode of sludge thickness is to take diameter of section to be 10cm thick,
Weight is 60 kilograms of the body of rod, and culturing pool 1 is put into vertically, and the detection body of rod submerges the depth of pond body sludge；
Experiment 2：Detection is carried out to water body and pool bottom sludge to draw：Take water body and pool bottom sludge and the implementation in comparative example 1
Water body and pool bottom sludge in example 3 carry out the measure of total plate count, show that the total plate count in the water body in comparative example 1 is much larger than
The total plate count in pool bottom sludge in the total plate count of water body in embodiment 3, and comparative example 1 is much larger than in embodiment 3
The total plate count of pool bottom sludge.
Experiment 3：To embodiment 3 and comparative example 2-3 Penaeus Vannmei, growing state is counted stage by stage, as a result such as table
Shown in 1：
The Penaeus Vannmei of table 1 survival rate parameter list stage by stage
Wherein, shrimp seedling survival rate is calculated using the method for statistics, weighs after cultivation 120 days that South America is white in culturing pool 1 respectively
The gross weight of prawn is W, has Penaeus Vannmei 200 in 10 groups, every group of random selection, weighs weight respectively G1-G10, is counted
The number of Penaeus Vannmei is calculated, the survival rate of Penaeus Vannmei is obtained；
Embodiment 3 is during whole cultivation, and shrimp vitality of subject is sufficient, water colour in salubrious light green, comparative example 2 during cultivating,
With the growth of culturing time, water body color is gradually muddy, and the obvious Large Scale Death of appearance to later stage Penaeus Vannmei shows
As, and after cultivation 120 days, in comparative example 2, the head of Penaeus Vannmei is significantly less than embodiment 2, and comparative example 3 is in cultivation
Initial stage, part Penaeus Vannmei goes out vigor deficiency, and material feeding is slow, or even stress be dead, and late growing stage progressively tends towards stability.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultural method for improving Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: building cultivating system, the cultivating system includes：It is the culturing pool of rectangular shape, exchanges pond, precipitates
Pond and buffer pool, wherein, the culturing pool top is provided with the first shower nozzle, and culturing pool side wall is at bottom of pond 0.5-0.6m
With liquid outlet is exchanged, exchange pond top side wall is provided with the shower nozzle of tubulose second, second shower nozzle along its length
Bottom opens up multiple through holes at equal intervals, and the exchange pond, which is located at below the shower nozzle, is provided with drainage component, and described second is sprayed
Water in head is introduced connects chute positioned at the drainage component least significant end, and one end of the first pipeline is with exchanging liquid outlet, separately
One end is provided with first pump housing with exchanging the shower nozzle connection of pond top second, first pipeline, and cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into
Pond is exchanged, second pipe one end is connected with the chute that connects, and the other end is connected with the shower nozzle of culturing pool top first, second pipe
Road is provided with second pump housing, will connect water body in chute and be pumped into culturing pool, culturing pool side wall close to bottom of pond there is residue to go out
Mouthful, card sets polylith demarcation strip at equal intervals in the sedimentation basin, and sedimentation basin is divided into multiple sediment spaces, the demarcation strip top
Face is highly less than the sedimentation basin apical side height, and one end of the 3rd pipeline is connected with solid discharge, and the other end is close with sedimentation basin
The sediment space connection of described culturing pool one end, the 3rd pipeline is provided with the 3rd pump housing, residue in culturing pool is pumped into
Sedimentation basin, the 4th pipeline one end is connected with sediment space of the sedimentation basin away from described culturing pool one end, the other end and buffering
Pond is connected, and the 4th pipeline is provided with the 4th pump housing, and sedimentation basin supernatant is pumped into buffer pool, the 5th pipeline one end and institute
Buffer pool connection is stated, the other end is connected with the shower nozzle of culturing pool top first, and the 5th pipeline is provided with the 5th pump housing, will be slow
Rush pool inner water body and be pumped into culturing pool；
Wherein, the drainage component includes the drainage plate that multiple spacing are set, and the drainage plate includes transparent inclined floor, surrounded
Inclined floor side wall vertical fixed top baffle and side shield, the inclined floor upper surface is parallel to the top baffle
Spacing is provided with multiple arcs groove, and the length of the arc groove is slightly larger than the length of second shower nozzle, the drainage plate
Top baffle and side shield are affixed with the interior survey wall for exchanging pond respectively, side of the drainage plate away from the top baffle not with
The madial wall contact in the exchange pond, and the arc groove is parallel to second shower nozzle, positioned at the drainage plate edge of top
Direction away from the shower nozzle is set, and the top baffle of two drainage plates of arbitrary neighborhood is installed in the opposing sidewalls in the exchange pond
On, it is described to connect lower section of the drainage plate away from its top baffle side that chute is located at least significant end；
Step 2, dismantles the 5th pipeline connected with first shower nozzle, the 5th pipeline is connected with culturing pool by the 6th pipeline
It is logical, the 5th pump housing is opened, by the water pump in culturing pool to buffer pool, it is 2 that mass ratio is added into the exchange pond:1 dioxy
Change the mixture of chlorine and bleaching powder, stirring makes after its dissolving completely, obtains antivirus water, wherein, the mixing of chlorine dioxide and bleaching powder
Thing is 60-100mg/L with the mass volume ratio for exchanging pool inner water；
The thick sludge of culturing pool bottom of pond upper strata 2-3cm is removed, paving spills a layer thickness and gives birth to stone for 3-5mm in the culturing pool bottom surface
Ash, is exposed to the sun 2-4 days, to bottom of pond it is dry and cracked after, culturing pool bottom surface quick lime is cleaned to crack, in injection antivirus water to culturing pool
Water depth is 1.5-1.7m, sprays microbial modulator；
Step 4, before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, carries out rich water processing, regulation water temperature is 22-25 DEG C, and pH value is 7.8-
8.5, transparency is 30-40cm, obtains in cultivation water, every mu of culturing pool and delivers 700-800 tail loach, delivers shrimp seedling, the throwing of shrimp seedling
Density is put for every mu of the tails of 6-8 ten thousand；
Step 5, puts into 30 days, daily daytime 9 in shrimp seedling:00-12:00 point is entered the exchange of water-filling body, every 3-5 days, is changed and is supported
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths in pond is grown, is put into shrimp seedling in 30-90 days, daily daytime 9:00-13:00 point
Water body exchange is carried out, every 2-3 days, in culturing pool 4/30ths to ten/10ths water body is changed, 90-120 is put into shrimp seedling
In it, daily daytime 11:00-16:00 point enter water-filling body exchange, every 1-2 days, replacing culturing pool in cumulative volume 3/10ths to
4/10ths water body；
Wherein, water body, which is exchanged, is specially：First pump housing is opened, cultivation pool inner water body is pumped into exchange pond, second pump housing is opened, will
Connect water body in chute and be pumped into culturing pool, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, closes first pump housing, directly
Water body in chute will be connect to second pump housing to be pumped into after culturing pool completely, close second pump housing；
The water body of cumulative volume 4/30ths to ten/10ths is specially in replacing culturing pool：The 3rd pump housing is opened, by culturing pool
Residue is pumped into after sedimentation basin, precipitation 5-6h, is opened the 4th pump housing, supernatant in sedimentation basin is pumped into buffer pool, into buffer pool
Injected clear water to the cumulative volume for buffering pool inner water is equal to the water volume pumped out out of described culturing pool, adjusts in the buffer pool
Water body is cultivation water, opens the 5th pump housing, water body in buffer pool is pumped into culturing pool.
2. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the microorganism is adjusted
It is that mass ratio is 1 to save agent:1.2:1:1.1:1 lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and Lactobacillus plantarum
Mixture, input 3-5kg microbial modulators in every mu of culturing pool.
3. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also included, every mu
1 aerator of configuration in culturing pool, the distance of the oxygenation supervisor of the aerator apart from culturing pool bottom is 0.3-0.4m, and along institute
The setting of processing pond length direction is stated, multiple oxygenation looped pipelines are set along the processing pond width perpendicular to oxygenation supervisor,
Spacing is opened up to lay in multiple oxygenation holes, the oxygenation hole and is made up of the aperture being mutually communicated on the oxygenation looped pipeline bottom end side wall
Porous material；Wherein, put into shrimp seedling in 30 days, aerator is opened daily, carry out oxygenation 5h, put into 30-90 days in shrimp seedling
It is interior, aerator is opened daily, oxygenation 6h is carried out, put into shrimp seedling in 90-120 days, aerator is opened daily, carries out oxygenation 7h.
4. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that first shower nozzle
Including along the circumferentially disposed ring pipe of the culturing pool top surface, the ring pipe is provided with out close to the side of the culturing pool inwall
The mouth of a river, the side wall that the ring pipe is located at below the delivery port sets a water conservancy diversion along the direction towards the culturing pool inwall
Plate, the distance between the deflector bottom and the culturing pool inwall is not more than 0.5mm.
5. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the chute that connects is
The rectangular parallelepiped structure on top is gone, it is set along length direction of the drainage plate of least significant end away from its top baffle side is located at, institute
State to connect above chute bottom surface sealing along its length and tilt card and set a substrate, the substrate least significant end connects chute inwall with described
The space sealing surrounded with bottom surface, to form low-lying place in the chute bottom surface that connects, second pipe is located at described connect in chute
One end is connected with the low-lying place for connecing chute.
6. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that rich water in step 4
What is handled concretely comprises the following steps：
A, opening aerator, continue oxygenation, and the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed closes aerator；
B, open first pump housing, will cultivation pool inner water body be pumped into exchange pond, open second pump housing, will connect water body in chute be pumped into it is foster
Pond is grown, wherein, the pump water speed of first pump housing and second pump housing is identical, the 1h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, closes first pump housing,
Until second pump housing is pumped into after culturing pool completely by pool inner water body is exchanged, second pump housing is closed；
Organic acid of being splashed in c, the 24h before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed, every mu of culturing pool removing toxic substances spirit 1000mL and black earth essence 500g,
Put the vitamin conditioning agent 500g that splashed in 6h before Penaeus Vannmei, every mu of culturing pool in a suitable place to breed.
7. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate is improved as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the vitamin is adjusted
Saving agent is specially：It is 1 by mass ratio:1:2:1 Chinese yam, seaweed, frozen bean curd and pea mixing steams 60-70min, must steam
Mixture, will steam mixture and is placed in beater, adds the lemon juice for steaming 0.2 times of quality of mixture, is beaten to obtain slurries, plus
Enter the mixed vitamin of 0.05 times of quality of slurries, be uniformly mixed and produce vitamin conditioning agent, the mixed vitamin is matter
Amount is than being 1:1.1:1.3:1 vitamin C, vitamin B2, the mixture of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.
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| CN111194703A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-26 | 广东汇海农牧科技集团有限公司 | Erythroculter ilishaeformis fry breeding method |
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