CN107241991A - A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix - Google Patents
A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN107241991A CN107241991A CN201710455380.1A CN201710455380A CN107241991A CN 107241991 A CN107241991 A CN 107241991A CN 201710455380 A CN201710455380 A CN 201710455380A CN 107241991 A CN107241991 A CN 107241991A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
- A01N65/385—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, belong to solanberry Cultivating techniques field.The present invention comprises the following steps：(1) floral clay block prepares；(2) sow；(3) daily management before emerging；(4) transplanting of solanberry seedling or flower mud are cultivated.The present invention carries out solanberry nursery using floral clay block, and cost of labor and water rate are reduced while can guarantee that solanberry normal growth；Solanberry transplantation of seedlings is convenient, is avoided that the phenomenon that seedlings root fractures；The Nutrition Soil and nursery water matched somebody with somebody by spy, can guarantee that the comprehensive nutrition of solanberry and reduce the use of chemical pesticide, reduce the residues of pesticides of solanberry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solanberry Cultivating techniques field, and in particular to a kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix.
Background technology
Fruit vegetables in plant of Solanaceae is referred to as solanaceous vegetables, and solanberry mainly includes tomato, eggplant and capsicum, and wintercherry also belongs to this
Class.Solanberry is universal in the cultivation of China north and south various regions, accounts for more than the 20% of the vegetables gross area, is main summer, autumn vegetable, is also to protect
One of main species in the production of shield ground.Solanberry is the vegetables of people's eating, and its is nutritious, and strong adaptability, fruiting period is long, production
Higher, storage tolerance is measured, critical role is occupied in market supply.
At present, the solanaceous vegetables nursery in greenhouse typically uses turf+vermiculite+perlite, after being well mixed by a certain percentage,
It is placed in hole tray and carries out nursery.Daily management to solanaceous vegetables nursery is by a relatively simple, and solanaceous vegetables are in seedling raising process
Water requirement it is big, overlayer matrix is easily dried, and makes Plug seedling water shortage by the waist, influence seedling survival and growth, so for protecting
Water moisturizing operation is just relatively cumbersome, and when transplanting, the root system of seedling is easier to fracture, and seedling is influenceed to a certain degree
Slow seedling and its growth after transplanting.
The solanberry that prior art is cultivated, there is also various problems, such as (1) cavity fruit：This seed pod profile has rib, pulp
Less, lightly seasoned, poor quality, seed development is bad when main cause is sowing makes fruit development insufficient, in later stage plant growth
After conditioning agent processing, liquid manure does not catch up with or topdressed unreasonable；(2) particle shape fruit (mummy)：Agensis after bearing fruit, main cause is
Nocturnal temperature is too high, and auxin concentration is excessively high；(3) malformed fruit：Environment is bad when main cause is bud differentiation causes, raw
Long element excessive concentration, soil overdrying overly moist can also be produced.(4) dehiscent fruit：There are various shapes, different cultivars crack resistance is different, mainly
It is due to Fruit early stage arid, high temperature, rear a large amount of precipitation or waters, fruit, which expands rapidly, is caused.(5) leaf roll：Fruit setting is more,
Nutrient consumption is big, N is excessive, soil overdrying, overly moist etc..(6) top yellow：Mainly soil moisture is excessive or night temperature is relatively low, draws
Rise bad to Nutrient Absorption caused.
In addition, for the cultivation of solanaceous vegetables another big problem be subterranean pest-insect infringement.Subterranean pest-insect refers in soil
Life harm plant root, nearly native table stem and the insect at other positions.This kind of pest species are various, their main harm solanberrys
Seed, root, stem, root tuber, seedling, tender leaf etc., often result in be short of seedling, plant undergrowth situations such as.At present to subterranean pest-insect
Preventing and treating it is main based on chemical agent, chemical agent has the advantages that deinsectization is fast, still, and chemical pesticide, which is used for a long time, can make agriculture
Medicine is gradually accumulated in the environment, especially in soil, produces Pesticide environment pollution problem, and agricultural chemicals enters after being absorbed by solanberry plant
In fruit, concentrated by enrichment, toxicity is bigger, pass through the health of the dangerous human body of food chain.At present, prevent pollution by pesticides from having turned into
On our times the problem of many country's concerns.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix is provided, eggplant is carried out using floral clay block
Fruit nursery, cost of labor and water rate are reduced while can guarantee that solanberry normal growth；Solanberry transplantation of seedlings is convenient, is avoided that seedling
The phenomenon that root system fractures；The Nutrition Soil and nursery water matched somebody with somebody by spy, can guarantee that the comprehensive nutrition of solanberry and reduce chemical pesticide
Use, reduce solanberry residues of pesticides.This method, which is cultivated, can solve the above mentioned problem of prior art presence.
Colored mud of the present invention, is also named flower spring or water-absorbing sponge, be foamed with phenoplasts the one kind being made it is fixed and
Support flower material or the special tool(s) of nursery stock.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, comprises the following steps：
(1) floral clay block prepares：By floral clay block be placed in water it is naturally soaked fully, then in the centre position on floral clay block top
Dig one and sow cave, floral clay block is placed in square position or pond；
(2) sow：The Nutrition Soil of half is first filled in sowing cave, the solanaceous vegetables seed that conventional vernalization is completed is put into sowing
In cave, add Nutrition Soil and fill up sowing cave, the Nutrition Soil for sowing cave is sprayed to moistening with clear water, sowing is completed；
The Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：20-30 parts of rural area soil, 30-50 parts of turf, flyash
70-80 parts；Said components are well mixed, you can obtain Nutrition Soil；
(3) daily management before emerging：The nursery water flushed with sowing cave bottom is added in square position or pond, flower is kept
Mud is moistened, and during water level decreasing in square position or pond 20%-30%, supplement clear water flushes to sowing cave bottom,
Hereafter the water in square position or pond is supplemented in turn with nursery water and clear water according to the method described above；
The preparation method of the nursery water is as follows：Garlic and tobacco leaf are shredded, is put into clear water and soaks, soak time is
24-30 hours, filtering took filtrate, vinegar is added in filtrate, stir, you can obtains nursery water, the matter of each component
Amount is than being garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=1-2：3-5：500-600：5-8；
(4) transplanting of solanberry seedling or flower mud are cultivated：When solanberry seedling grows to 4-5cm or three leaves wholeheartedly, solanberry seedling is shifted
Cultivated to ground is cultivated；Or directly cultivated solanberry seedling to fruit maturation by step (3) in flower mud, during which it can fit
When supplement foliar fertilizer.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (4), when the solanberry seedling is cultivated with being transferred to cultivation, flower mud
The specification of block is length × width × height=60cm × 30cm × 5cm, and every block of colored mud can sow 50-60 seeds, the sowing of floral clay block
The radius in cave is 4.5cm, and depth is 4.5cm.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (4), the solanberry seedling is directly cultivated to fruit in flower mud
When ripe, the specification of floral clay block is length × width × height=1m × 0.5m × 0.2m, and the radius in the sowing cave of floral clay block is 0.05m,
Depth is 0.1m.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, the solanberry is after planting, keeps 25-28 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-22 DEG C of night temperature.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in the step (3), during the broiling summer, with reference in gondola water faucet spray sowing cave
Nutrition Soil, make Nutrition Soil keep moistening.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in the step (2), Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Field
16 parts of garden mould, 42 parts of turf, 78 parts of flyash.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of each component of nursery water is garlic：Cigarette
Leaf：Water：Vinegar=1.5：4：550：7.
Beneficial effect：
1st, flower mud has the characteristics of water absorbing capacity is strong, water holding capacity is good, in shady and cool environment, after solanberry germination compared with
In long a period of time, flower mud can keep moisture state, it is ensured that moisture needed for being grown after germination, reduce time watered
Number and corresponding cost input.Solanberry nursery is carried out using floral clay block, by floral clay block infiltration in the square position of appropriate water level or letter
In easy pond, it is possible to use the water absorbing capacity of floral clay block, it is ensured that floral clay block is moistened, uniform moisture, then seedlings root is difficult to lack
Water, reducing the root system of seedling in cost of labor and water rate, and certain seedling age will not temporarily stretch out outside floral clay block, before this
Transplanted, it is not in phenomenon that seedlings root fractures to be.
2nd, the empty fruit for the solanberry appearance that prior art is cultivated, particle shape fruit, malformed fruit, dehiscent fruit, leaf roll, top yellow,
Many is all that the present invention passes through because liquid manure is unreasonable, soil overdrying or caused by overly moist, temperature control be bad, nutrition do not catch up with
The characteristic of characteristic for solanberry and flower mud, specifically configured Nutrition Soil, can not only provide comprehensive nutrient for solanberry,
And by the humidity of flower mud energy Reasonable Regulation And Control soil, then by controlling temperature, so that it may greatly reduce the various of above-mentioned appearance and ask
Topic, makes solanberry growing way good, and it is normal to bear fruit.Flyash in Nutrition Soil of the present invention, is the catching from the flue gas after coal combustion
The fine ash got off, flyash is the primary solids waste of coal-burning power plant's discharge.With the development of power industry, the powder of coal-burning power plant
Coal ash discharge capacity increases year by year, as one of larger industrial residue of the current discharge capacity of China.Substantial amounts of flyash is untreated, just
Airborne dust can be produced, air is polluted.The present invention cultivates solanberry using flyash, can turn waste into wealth, can both mitigate environmental pressure, again
Cultivation cost can be reduced.Flyash contains higher phosphorus potash fertilizer point, but belongs to porous and aobvious alkaline ashy substance, and it, which lacks, has
Machine material and various ecological materials, and water-retaining property and granule are also very poor, so pure coal ash should not be used directly to plantation
Solanberry, the present invention can increase the granule of soil, cohesive, energy using coal dust ash and rural area soil, the mixing of turf compatibility, rural area soil
The comprehensive shortcoming for removing flyash, and turf is in acidity, the pH value of turf is generally 5.5~6.5, can integrate the alkali of flyash
Property, while using the acid-base property of the vinegar comprehensive adjustment Nutrition Soil in nursery water, making it be in subacidity, solanberry can be reached to soil
Requirement, there is the probability of special-shaped solanberry in reduction solanberry incidence probability, reduction.
3rd, for underground pests, the present invention has modulated nursery water, with the addition of a certain proportion of garlic, vinegar, tobacco leaf, its
In, tobacco leaf is pungent, temperature, energy subdhing swelling and detoxicating, desinsection, and energy water-snail eradication, mosquito, fly, mouse can get rid of the 4 pests；Vinegar, it is sour, taste compared with
Weight, prevents and treats various subterranean pest-insects, particularly software insect；Garlic, temperature, pungent, sweet, irritant smell can drive insect away, with food
Vinegar, which coordinates, can prevent eliminating aphis, ant, beetle, cabbage butterfly etc.., can by cooperating for garlic, vinegar and tobacco leaf three
The harm of effectively preventing subterranean pest-insect, seed seedtime just will flower mud absorb nursery water, can prevent subterranean pest-insect and
The growth of worm's ovum, can guarantee that seed normally germinates again, it is to avoid spraying for chemical pesticide, reduce fruit of the residues of pesticides in solanberry
On, it is ensured that solanberry energy healthy edible.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, comprises the following steps：
(1) floral clay block prepares：Flower mud is cut into the floral clay block that specification is length × width × height=60cm × 30cm × 5cm, will
Floral clay block be placed in water it is naturally soaked fully, absorbent time is 60s, then floral clay block top centre position dig one sow
Cave, the radius in sowing cave is 4.5cm, and depth is 4.5cm, and floral clay block is placed in square position.
(2) sow：The Nutrition Soil of half is first filled in sowing cave, the eggplant seed 50 that conventional vernalization is completed is put into and broadcast
Plant in cave, add Nutrition Soil and fill up sowing cave, the Nutrition Soil for sowing cave is sprayed to moistening with clear water, sowing is completed；Sowing
Afterwards, 25 DEG C of environment daytime temperature, 20 DEG C of night temperature are kept.
The Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Rural area soil 20kg, turf 30kg, flyash 70kg；Will
Said components are well mixed, you can obtain Nutrition Soil.
(3) daily management before emerging：The nursery water flushed with sowing cave bottom is added in square position, flower mud moistening is kept,
And during the water level decreasing in square position or pond 20%, supplement clear water is flushed to sowing cave bottom, hereafter according to above-mentioned
Method supplements the water in square position or pond with nursery water and clear water in turn.During the broiling summer, with reference in gondola water faucet spray sowing cave
Nutrition Soil, make Nutrition Soil keep moistening.
The preparation method of the nursery water is as follows：Garlic and tobacco leaf are shredded, is put into clear water and soaks, soak time is 24
Hour, filtering takes filtrate, vinegar is added in filtrate, stir, you can obtains nursery water, the mass ratio of each component
For garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=1：3：500：5.
(4) solanberry seedling is transplanted：After 5 days, eggplant seed is emerged, and when eggplant seedling grows to 4-5cm, eggplant seedling is transferred to
Ground is cultivated to be cultivated；Other pest control methods are consistent with conventional method.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, comprises the following steps：
(1) floral clay block prepares：Flower mud is cut into the floral clay block that specification is length × width × height=1m × 0.5m × 0.2m, is placed on
Naturally soaked in water fully then to dig sowing cave in the centre position on floral clay block top, the radius for sowing cave is 0.05m, and depth is
0.1m, according to 20 × 30cm of seeding row spacing field planting (digging sowing cave), each floral clay block plants 10 plants, and (i.e. each flower mud digs 10 sowings
Cave), 5 floral clay blocks are planted altogether, and floral clay block is placed in pond.
(2) sow：The Nutrition Soil of half is first filled in sowing cave, the eggplant seed that conventional vernalization is completed puts sowing cave into
In, add Nutrition Soil and fill up sowing cave, the Nutrition Soil for sowing cave is sprayed to moistening with clear water, sowing is completed, daytime temperature is kept
26 DEG C, 22 DEG C of night temperature；
The Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Rural area soil 16kg, turf 42kg, flyash 78kg；Will
Said components are well mixed, you can obtain Nutrition Soil.
(3) daily management before emerging：The nursery water flushed with sowing cave bottom is added in square position or pond, flower is kept
Mud is moistened, and during water level decreasing in pond 30%, supplement clear water is flushed to sowing cave bottom, hereafter according to above-mentioned side
Method supplements the water in square position or pond with nursery water and clear water in turn；During the broiling summer, with reference in gondola water faucet spray sowing cave
Nutrition Soil, makes Nutrition Soil keep moistening.
The preparation method of the nursery water is as follows：Garlic and tobacco leaf are shredded, is put into clear water and soaks, soak time is 28
Hour, filtering takes filtrate, vinegar is added in filtrate, stir, you can obtains nursery water, the mass ratio of each component
For garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=1.5：4：550：7.
(4) solanberry flower mud is cultivated：After 4 days, eggplant seed is emerged, and eggplant seedling is cultivated in flower mud by step (3)
To fruit maturation；Period can suitably supplement foliar fertilizer, and other pest control methods are consistent with conventional method.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, comprises the following steps：
(1) floral clay block prepares：Flower mud is cut into the floral clay block that specification is length × width × height=1.2m × 1m × 0.1m, is placed on
Naturally soaked in water fully then to dig sowing cave in the centre position on floral clay block top, the radius for sowing cave is 6cm, and depth is
5cm, is colonized according to 20 × 30cm of seeding row spacing, and each floral clay block plants 10 plants, and 5 floral clay blocks are planted altogether, floral clay block is placed
In square position.
(2) sow：The Nutrition Soil of half is first filled in sowing cave, the tomato seeds that conventional vernalization is completed put sowing cave into
In, add Nutrition Soil and fill up sowing cave, the Nutrition Soil for sowing cave is sprayed to moistening with clear water, sowing is completed, daytime temperature is kept
28 DEG C, 22 DEG C of night temperature.
The Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Rural area soil 30kg, turf 50kg, flyash 80kg；Will
Said components are well mixed, you can obtain Nutrition Soil；
(3) daily management before emerging：The nursery water flushed with sowing cave bottom is added in square position or pond, flower is kept
Mud is moistened, and during water level decreasing in square position 25%, supplement clear water is flushed to sowing cave bottom, hereafter according to above-mentioned side
Method supplements the water in square position or pond with nursery water and clear water in turn；During the broiling summer, with reference in gondola water faucet spray sowing cave
Nutrition Soil, makes Nutrition Soil keep moistening.
The preparation method of the nursery water is as follows：Garlic and tobacco leaf are shredded, is put into clear water and soaks, soak time is 30
Hour, filtering takes filtrate, vinegar is added in filtrate, stir, you can obtains nursery water, the mass ratio of each component
For garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=2：5：600：8；
(4) solanberry flower mud is cultivated：After 3 days, tomato seeds are emerged, and tomato seedling is cultivated in flower mud by step (3)
To fruit maturation.Period can suitably supplement foliar fertilizer, and other pest control methods are consistent with conventional method.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, comprises the following steps：
(1) floral clay block prepares：Flower mud is cut into the floral clay block that specification is length × width × height=1m × 0.5m × 0.2m, is placed on
It is naturally soaked abundant in water, sowing cave then is dug in the centre position on floral clay block top, is colonized according to 20 × 30cm of seeding row spacing, often
Individual floral clay block plants 10 plants, 5 floral clay blocks is planted altogether, the radius in sowing cave is 5cm, and depth is 0.1m, and floral clay block is placed on
In pond.
(2) sow：The Nutrition Soil of half is first filled in sowing cave, the pepper seed that conventional vernalization is completed puts sowing cave into
In, add Nutrition Soil and fill up sowing cave, the Nutrition Soil for sowing cave is sprayed to moistening with clear water, sowing is completed, daytime temperature is kept
25-26 DEG C, 20-22 DEG C of night temperature.
The Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Rural area soil 26kg, turf 41kg, flyash 76kg；Will
Said components are well mixed, you can obtain Nutrition Soil.
(3) daily management before emerging：The nursery water flushed with sowing cave bottom is added in pond, flower mud moistening is kept,
And during the water level decreasing in square position or pond 20%, supplement clear water is flushed to sowing cave bottom, hereafter according to above-mentioned
Method supplements the water in square position or pond with nursery water and clear water in turn；During the broiling summer, with reference in gondola water faucet spray sowing cave
Nutrition Soil, make Nutrition Soil keep moistening.
The preparation method of the nursery water is as follows：Garlic and tobacco leaf are shredded, is put into clear water and soaks, soak time is 26
Hour, filtering takes filtrate, vinegar is added in filtrate, stir, you can obtains nursery water, the mass ratio of each component
For garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=1.3：3.7：560：6.
(4) transplanting of solanberry seedling or flower mud are cultivated：After 4 days, pepper seed is emerged, and Hot Pepper Seedling is pressed into step (3) in flower mud
Cultivated to fruit maturation.Period can suitably supplement foliar fertilizer, and other pest control methods are consistent with conventional method.
Comparative example 1
Choose with embodiment 1 with a collection of eggplant seed, nursery carried out using conventional seedling in greenhouse method, using turf,
Vermiculite and perlite, after being well mixed, are placed in the hole tray in 50 holes and carry out nursery.When eggplant seedling grows to 4-5cm, by eggplant
Seedling is transferred to be cultivated with cultivating with embodiment 1 with a piece of.
Comparative example 2
Choose with embodiment 2 with a collection of eggplant seed, nursery carried out using conventional seedling in greenhouse method, using turf,
Vermiculite and perlite, after being well mixed, are placed in the hole tray in 50 holes and carry out nursery, when eggplant seedling grows to 4-5cm constantly, by eggplant
Sub- seedling is cultivated with being transferred to cultivation.
Comparative example 3
Choose with embodiment 3 with a collection of tomato seeds, nursery carried out using conventional seedling in greenhouse method, using turf,
Vermiculite and perlite, after being well mixed, are placed in the hole tray in 50 holes and carry out nursery, when eggplant seedling grows to three leaves wholeheartedly, will
Tomato seedling is cultivated with being transferred to cultivation.
Comparative example 4
Choose with 4 same batches of pepper seeds of embodiment, carry out nursery using conventional seedling in greenhouse method, using turf,
Vermiculite and perlite, after being well mixed, are placed in the hole tray in 50 holes and carry out nursery, when eggplant seedling grows to three leaves wholeheartedly, will
Hot Pepper Seedling is cultivated with being transferred to cultivation.
Comparative example 1-4 is not prevented and treated subterranean pest-insect.
Embodiment and comparative example are subjected to contrast test, from sowing to fruit harvest after terminate, in the process of contrast test
In, relevant comparative's data during which are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Substandard products described in table 1 refer to that one of cavity fruit, particle shape fruit, malformed fruit and dehiscent fruit person occurs in fruit.
The various solanberrys for having used the method for the present invention to cultivate, first, solanberry are can be seen that by the data comparison of table 1
The emergence rate of seed is high, up to 90-100%, and is cultivated using common hole tray breeding method, then emergence rate only has 74-
90%, hence it is evident that method of the invention success rate of emerging is high, if using in the plantation of the solanberry of large area, can significantly reduce
Planting cost.Secondly, watering in quantity, can be plant moisturizing water conservation because the present invention has used colored mud as culture medium, from
And the number of times watered is greatly reduced, reduce nourishment's cost.
Furthermore, from substandard products weight, because floral clay block has water suction and water-holding capacity well, embodiment is hardly
Occur causes the situation of young plant water shortage influence growth because watering not in time, and young plant robust growth, inferior fruit rate is low, embodiment 1 because
It is transplanted in greenhouse and plants for the later stage, defect rate highest also just 7.7%, and other embodiment is cultivated to fruit maturation in floral clay block
Defect rate be respectively 2.7%, 1.8% and 0.7%, the amount for substandard products occur is seldom.And comparative example uses traditional breeding method
The problems such as unreasonable liquid manure, soil overdrying or overly moist, warm nutrition do not catch up with then occurs, so as to cause to occur substandard products amount greatly, has
Even there is defect rate up to 16.8%, influence economic benefit.The present invention is provided by the water delivery effect and Nutrition Soil of flower mud
Comprehensive nutrition is enriched, the uniform moisture of soil can be made, plant is fully absorbed nutritional ingredient, normally bears fruit and grows strong
It is large, it is to avoid soil overdrying or overly moist cause fruit various substandard products occur.
Finally, taken temperature from solanberry gross weight, comparative example is fewer than embodiment a lot, and reason there are several aspects：1st, number of emerging is few, damages
Lose a collection of；2nd, in seedling raising process, the overlayer matrix of traditional hole tray is easily dried, and makes Plug seedling water shortage by the waist, influence children
Seedling is survived and growth, then loses a collection of；3rd, Plug seedling is when transplanting, and the root system of seedling is easier to fracture, to a certain degree shadow
Ring seedling replanting after slow seedling and its growth, the later stage can influence to bear fruit and fruit growth；4th, the unused chemical pesticides of comparative example 1-4
Subterranean pest-insect is prevented and treated, solanberry plant is endangered by insect, plant root is damaged, and the transmission to nutriment is obstructed, then eggplant
The fruit growth of fruit is limited, and the method for the present invention can effectively prevent and treat subterranean pest-insect, so can keep away because adding nursery water
Exempt from above-mentioned produced problem, both can guarantee that the fruit of solanberry has sufficient nutrient, enable the plant healthy growth of solanberry, the numerous leaf of branch
Cyclopentadienyl, achieves great success, and is avoided that the administration of chemical pesticide causes residues of pesticides in fruit again, and influence eater's is healthy.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, so it is not intended to limiting the invention, any this area skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when a little modification can be made and perfect, therefore the protection model of the present invention
Enclose when by being defined that claims are defined.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) floral clay block prepares：By floral clay block be placed in water it is naturally soaked fully, then floral clay block top centre position dig one
Cave is sowed, floral clay block is placed in square position or pond；
(2) sow：The Nutrition Soil of half is first filled in sowing cave, the solanaceous vegetables seed that conventional vernalization is completed is put into sowing cave
In, add Nutrition Soil and fill up sowing cave, the Nutrition Soil for sowing cave is sprayed to moistening with clear water, sowing is completed；
The Nutrition Soil is made up of the component of following parts by weight：20-30 parts of rural area soil, 30-50 parts of turf, flyash 70-80
Part；Said components are well mixed, you can obtain Nutrition Soil；
(3) daily management before emerging：The nursery water flushed with sowing cave bottom is added in square position or pond, keeps flower mud wet
Profit, and during water level decreasing in square position or pond 20%-30%, supplement clear water is flushed to sowing cave bottom, hereafter
The water in square position or pond is supplemented in turn with nursery water and clear water according to the method described above；
The preparation method of the nursery water is as follows：Garlic and tobacco leaf are shredded, is put into clear water and soaks, soak time is 24-30
Hour, filtering takes filtrate, vinegar is added in filtrate, stir, you can obtains nursery water, the mass ratio of each component
For garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=1-2：3-5：500-600：5-8；
(4) transplanting of solanberry seedling or flower mud are cultivated：When solanberry seedling grows to 4-5cm or three leaves wholeheartedly, solanberry seedling is transferred to training
Ground is planted to be cultivated；Or directly cultivated solanberry seedling to fruit maturation by step (3) in flower mud.
2. the method as claimed in claim 1 to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that：In step (4), the eggplant
When fruit seedling is cultivated with being transferred to cultivation, the specification of floral clay block is length × width × height=60cm × 30cm × 5cm, every block of colored mud
50-60 seeds are sowed, the radius in the sowing cave of floral clay block is 4.5cm, and depth is 4.5cm.
3. the method as claimed in claim 1 to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that：In step (4), the eggplant
When fruit seedling is directly cultivated to fruit maturation in flower mud, the specification of floral clay block be length × width × height=1m × 0.5m ×
0.2m, the radius in the sowing cave of floral clay block is 0.05m, and depth is 0.1m.
4. the method as claimed in claim 1 to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that：The solanberry after planting,
Keep 25-28 DEG C of daytime temperature, 18-22 DEG C of night temperature.
5. the method as claimed in claim 1 to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that：In the step (3),
Hot summer, the Nutrition Soil in sowing cave is sprayed with reference to gondola water faucet, Nutrition Soil is kept moistening.
6. the method as claimed in claim 1 to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that：In the step (2), battalion
Soil is supported to be made up of the component of following parts by weight：16 parts of rural area soil, 42 parts of turf, 78 parts of flyash.
7. the method as claimed in claim 1 to spend mud to cultivate solanberry as matrix, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), educate
The mass ratio of Miao Shui each component is garlic：Tobacco leaf：Water：Vinegar=1.5：4：550：7.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114208612A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-03-22 | 吉林省蔬菜花卉科学研究院 | Method for simplifying watermelon seedling culture by applying matrix block |
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Inventor after: Zhang Tianzhu Inventor after: Han Xuesong Inventor after: Zeng Xiangwei Inventor after: Liang Cuanjing Inventor after: Zheng Yu Inventor after: Li Hongxu Inventor before: Zhang Tianzhu Inventor before: Han Xuesong Inventor before: Zeng Xiangwei Inventor before: Cuan Jing Inventor before: Zheng Yu Inventor before: Li Hongxu |
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Application publication date: 20171013 |