CN107240425B - Integral safety shell filtering emission system - Google Patents
Integral safety shell filtering emission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107240425B CN107240425B CN201710280791.1A CN201710280791A CN107240425B CN 107240425 B CN107240425 B CN 107240425B CN 201710280791 A CN201710280791 A CN 201710280791A CN 107240425 B CN107240425 B CN 107240425B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/004—Pressure suppression
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
- G21C13/10—Means for preventing contamination in the event of leakage, e.g. double wall
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/02—Treating gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The purpose of the present invention is to provide integral safety shell filtering emission systems, wet filter system mainly includes jet-type gas bubble generating system and static mixing component as first order filter, and radioaerosol and iodine most in air-flow are removed by way of washing；Gas after wet filter carries out secondary filter in metal fiber filter, removes the drop of partial size smaller aerosol and entrainment.Gas finally enters silver zeolite filter, removes the radioactivity methyl iodide gas in gas.Silver zeolite filtration system is preheated and kept the temperature using the energy of discharge gas, simultaneously using row's discharge temperature with the variation relation of pressure, guarantee that water vapour will not coagulate phenomenon after mixed gas enters silver zeolite filter, it is ensured that the high efficiency filter efficiency of methyl iodide gas.The present invention has stable high efficiency filter efficiency to radioactive substance, especially improves the filter efficiency of gaseous state methyl iodide gas, compact-sized, the requirement to space is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear power plant's accident treatment apparatus, specifically containment overpressure protection and radioactivity
Substance is detained processing unit.
Background technique
With the increasingly exacerbation of world energy sources shortage and problem of environmental pollution, new cleaning fuel is increasingly by the weight of people
Depending on wherein nuclear power is worldwide used widely as a kind of energy of clean and effective.Escape of radioactivity in order to prevent,
Nuclear power plant is equipped with three safety curtains, and wherein npp safety shell is to prevent from radioactive product to be discharged into the last of environment to pacify together
Full frame barrier.After Fukushima, Japan accident, the containment On The Problem Of Overpressure in nuclear power plant's major accident later period is received significant attention, when anti-
When answering heap that the major accident of super design reference occurs, primary Ioops coolant is discharged into containment, and flashing is steam, meanwhile,
The reactor core of melting can also be reacted with lower concrete to be continuously generated incoagulable gas pressure in containment is caused constantly to increase, finally
It can exceed that the pressure carrying limit value of containment and destroy the integrality of containment, cause the leakage of launching material, pollute ring
Border.The generation of such case in order to prevent, nuclear power plant are mounted with containment pressure release filtration system, drop in such a way that active is discharged
Pressure in lower security shell, at the same by the filter device in system, the radioactive substance in discharge gas is filtered, it is main
To include radioaerosol, iodine and methyl iodide gas, reduce the radioactive dosage that can be discharged into environment to the greatest extent.
The R & D design about containment pressure release filtration system originates in the 1960s, being by France earliest both at home and abroad
The sand-bed filter of R & D design, its working principle is that utilizing the radioactive material in absorption and delay the effect filtering gas of sandstone
Matter.But the system only have preferable retention effect to solid aerosol particle, to iodine only serve delayed-action without
It can effectively remove, for gaseous state methyl iodide then without removal effect, and casting bed places that there are the hardened problems of sandstone, therefore sand for a long time
Bed filter need to periodically be aerated maintenance.German designs have manufactured a kind of metal fiber filter, using stainless steel fibre group
At multistorey strainer mesh, the radioactive substance in gas is removed using absorption and the delay effect of metallic fiber, metallic fibrous layer is same
There is preferable delay efficiency to solid aerosol, carryover effects are only served to iodine, cannot be removed effectively, for gaseous state methyl
Then without removal effect, and after ventilation, radioactive substance is primarily present in metallic fibrous layer iodine, causes subsequent processing difficult.For
The removal efficiency to elemental iodine is improved, Siemens Company devises a kind of passive sliding pressure operation filtering emission system, should
The design method that system uses wet filter system to combine with metal fiber filter, the gas of containment discharge is first wet
The aerosol and iodine of the overwhelming majority, the droplet carried in the smaller aerosol of partial size and air-flow are removed in formula filtration system
It is filtered in metallic fiber filter unit.The filter has very high filtering to imitate submicron order aerosol and iodine
Rate, but be about 50% for the filter efficiency of gaseous state methyl iodide.It is generally adopted in existing reactor containment vessel filtration system
The filter type combined with wet type with dry type, such as the patent in Patent No. CN204242599U and CN102723114A
In, it refers to be filtered using Venturi scrubber and metal fiber filter, but is not given in two kinds of patents
The filter efficiency of system out, the especially filter efficiency to methyl iodide gas.In the special of 8142665 B2 of U.S. Patent No. US
It is mentioned in benefit, the method by adding phase transfer catalyst methyl tricapryl ammonium chloride (Aliquat336) in the solution, to mention
High solution is difficult to the removal efficiency of methyl iodide gas, but since Aliquat336 itself has inflammable and agglomeration characteristic
Realize the application in engineering.The ability of existing most systems removal methyl iodide is all very limited.Silver ion passes through chemical reaction
Methyl iodide gas, therefore the silver zeolite material that silver ion is formed in conjunction with porous zeolite by replacing reaction can effectively be removed
Material has good removal effect to methyl iodide gas.But the chemical reaction condition of silver zeolite and methyl iodide is more harsh, a side
Face needs higher temperature environment, on the other hand more demanding to humidity, and when containing steam in carrier gas, steam condensation will be made
It fails at porous media, therefore steam needs are in an overheated state, avoids condensing.Just because of the limit of above-mentioned use condition
System, so silver zeolite filter is not applied always in engineering.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide effective integral safety shell filtering emission systems for solving silver zeolite Problem of Failure.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Integral safety shell filtering emission system of the present invention, it is characterized in that: include pressure vessel, silver zeolite filtration system,
Metallic fiber filter system, wet filter system；System outlet, pressure vessel top is arranged in top above the pressure vessel
Side system entry is set, lower drain port is arranged in the bottom below pressure vessel, fills mouth in the side setting below pressure vessel；
The silver zeolite filtration system includes upper head plate, bottom plate, peripheral board, interior coaming plate, and upper head plate and bottom plate are distinguished from up to down
It is fixed in pressure vessel, interior coaming plate and peripheral board are fixed on bottom plate from inside to outside, upper head plate, bottom plate, peripheral board, interior
Coaming plate surrounds silver zeolite chamber jointly, is filled with silver zeolite, the side wall of upper head plate, bottom plate and pressure vessel in silver zeolite chamber
Air heat-insulation layer is constituted, forms annular preheating channel between air heat-insulation layer and peripheral board, metering hole is arranged in the inside of interior coaming plate
Plate is arranged micropore on interior coaming plate, venthole is arranged on upper head plate, recirculation hole is arranged on bottom plate；The metallic fiber filter system
System includes hydrophobic layer, pre-filter layer, smart filter layer, and hydrophobic layer, pre-filter layer, smart filter layer are arranged from the outside to the core forms ring junction
Structure, and be arranged below bottom plate；The wet filter system includes exhaust main pipe, jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly, quiet
State electric hybrid module, cylindrical lining, cylindrical lining are fixed on the lower part inside pressure vessel, the outer wall and pressure of cylindrical lining
It is supported between force container inner wall by fastener, static mixing component, exhaust main pipe upper end and annular is set in cylindrical lining
Preheating channel communicates, and the lower end of exhaust main pipe passes through static mixing component and stretches to below and install jetting type gas discharge pipe
Tread assembly, cylindrical lining inside and outside are filled with chemical rinsing solution；System entry is communicated with annular preheating channel, on
The venthole of end plate is communicated with system outlet, is above filled mouth and is located above chemical rinsing solution.
The present invention may also include:
1, baffle plate is set in silver zeolite chamber, and silver zeolite chamber is divided into inside and outside two chambers, two chamber bottoms by baffle plate
Portion's connection, venthole are arranged on the upper head plate above lateral compartments, and micropore is provided with the top half of interior coaming plate, and air-flow passes through
Restriction orifice enters the medial compartment of silver zeolite chamber through the micropore of interior coaming plate top half, baffling to silver zeolite cavity bottom,
It is flowed out from the venthole of upper head plate.
2, the section of the metallic fiber filter system is hexagonal structure, and each side of hexagonal structure constitutes one
Component, each component include hydrophobic layer, pre-filter layer, smart filter layer.
3, vertically downward, cylindrical lining bottom is provided with molten the exhaust outlet outgassing direction of jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly
Liquid circulation canal, the inside and outside chemical rinsing solution of cylindrical lining are communicated by solution circulation canal.
4, cylindrical lining meets following relationship:
ρgH1-ρogH2=Δ Pf1+ΔPf2
In formula, ρ is chemical rinsing solution density, and g is acceleration of gravity, H1For the liquid level outside cylindrical lining, H2
For two-phase liquid level inside cylindrical lining, Δ Pf1For two-phase ascent stage flow resistance inside cylindrical lining, Δ Pf2For circle
Local flow resistance at cylindricality lining side wall solution circulation canal.
Present invention has an advantage that
1, for device by the way of integrated arrangement, structure is simple, characteristics of compact layout, saves space.
2, wet filter system, metallic fiber filter system and silver zeolite filtration system series operation, can guarantee system
There is efficient filter efficiency to radioaerosol, iodine and gaseous state methyl iodide.
3, it is designed by reasonable structure, the heat of discharge gas itself is made full use of to carry out early period to silver zeolite filter
The continuous heating of preheating and later period fully ensures that silver zeolite works in high temperature low moisture environments, effectively in conjunction with the thermal technology that throttled
Solve the problems, such as that silver zeolite moisture absorption is failed in engineering, improves the absorption efficiency of methyl iodide gas.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is silver zeolite filtration system cross-sectional view；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of metallic fiber filter system.
Specific embodiment
It illustrates with reference to the accompanying drawing and the present invention is described in more detail:
In conjunction with Fig. 1-3, the present invention is mainly by wet filter system, metallic fiber filter system 1.2, silver zeolite filtration system
And system pressure boundary 1.4 forms.
Wet filter system includes jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly 1.11, static mixing component 1.12, cylinder lining
Cylinder 1.14 and chemical rinsing solution 1.13.Jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly 1.11 is by a series of tube banks parallel to each other
The gas discharge channel of composition, the outlet of tube bank is immersed in chemical solution 1.13, when system puts into operation, from containment
Discharge gas is discharged into chemical solution 1.13 after annular preheating channel 1.34 and exhaust main pipe 1.42 from tube bank outlet.Gas
The quantity and pipe diameter for discharging tube bank are optimization designs as a result, it is possible to guarantee under the conditions of nominal parameter, in single tube bank
Gas flow meet jet stream condition, and then increase the inertial settling efficiency of aerosol.Discharge gas injects chemistry from tube bank
In solution 1.13 after a distance, continuous gas phase is dispersed into various sizes of bubble under the action of shear force, and bubble is dynamic
Amount is also gradually lost, and is finally moved upwards under the action of buoyancy, in the process, the radioaerosol carried in bubble exists
It is partially settled in the liquid phase under the action of mass force and inertia force, and iodine vapor reaches gas-liquid interface by diffusion, and with mass transfer
Mode enter liquid phase, chemically react with the solvent in solution, be also partially absorbed.The static mixing component 1.12
It is the part of mixing being formed by stacking by criss-cross grating modules, rises bubble during passing through static mixing component, greatly
Bubble is cut into the lesser bubble of size by grid, effectively increases gas liquid interfacial area；Minute bubbles after being cut are staggeredly
Continue to do broken line movement in grid, on the one hand increase gas-liquid contact time, while also increasing the turbulivity of gas-liquid interface, this
Aerosol deposition and gas absorption are all advantageous a bit.In static mixing component 1.12, the exhausted big portion that is carried in bubble
Aerosol in large grain size and iodine is divided to be trapped in liquid phase.The cylindrical lining 1.14 is for fixing and supporting static state
The pipe of electric hybrid module 1.12, jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly 1.11 and static mixing component 1.12 are respectively positioned on lining
Cylinder is internal, and a certain number of solution circulation canals 1.16 are provided in the side wall surface of lining bottom, when system is run, is inside lining
Biphase gas and liquid flow is single-phase liquid outside lining, and under the driving of density contrast, the fluid between lining is inside and outside forms nature and follows
Ring increases the utilization rate of solution.In order to guarantee stable natural-circulation capacity, system meets following relational expression when designing:
ρgH1-ρogH2=Δ Pf1+ΔPf2 (1)
In formula, ρ is solution density, kg/m3；G is acceleration of gravity, m/s2；H1 is the liquid level of lining periphery, m；H2
For two-phase liquid level on the inside of lining, m；Δ Pf1 is two-phase ascent stage flow resistance in lining, Pa；Δ Pf2 is lining side wall circle
Local flow resistance at hole, Pa.
The chemical solution 1.13 is the main filtration working medium of wet filter system, is with sodium hydroxide and thiosulfuric acid
Sodium is the aqueous solution of solute, and solute is mainly used to absorb the iodine and part methyl iodine of the overwhelming majority, reaction equation such as formula 1~2
It is shown.The mass fraction of sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate can guarantee there is efficient absorption efficiency to iodine in solution, while right
The corrosion of system structure material is smaller.Steam of the system in initial start up phase, discharge gas can condense in the solution, cause
Solution loading amount increase, after solution temperature reaches saturation, steam superheat release and aerosol decay heat will lead to it is molten
Liquid constantly evaporates, and amount of solution gradually decreases.The initial loading amount of chemical solution can guarantee that system continuous effective is run in the system
36 hours.
The metallic fiber filter system 1.2 is the dry filter system above the wet filter system, mainly by
The fabric filters of plates a series of forms, and fabric filter through-thickness is divided into three classes filter assemblies, and outermost layer is hydrophobic
Layer 1.21 is suppressed by hydrophobic material superposition, and discharge gas is left the partial drop carried when solution and blocked in hydrophobic layer
It cuts down and, intercept the liquid to get off and flow downward by gravity along hydrophobic material gap, and fall after rise from water-supply-pipe 1.24 to liquid
Space.The middle layer of fabric filter is coarse filtration layer 1.22, is to be suppressed by the thicker metal fiber wire stacking of string diameter, slightly
Filter layer relies primarily on inertial collision and intercepts the aerosol of the medium grain size carried in effect removal air-flow, the pass of coarse filtration layer
Bond structure parameter be thickness of filter bed and packed density, need to comprehensively consider efficiency of dust collection, dust containing capacity and fluid resistance loss etc. because
Element optimizes.The last layer of fabric filter is smart filter layer 1.23, is by the thinner metal fiber wire stacking pressure of string diameter
It makes, in smart filter layer, Blang's operation of nanoscale particulate becomes what it was settled in metal fiber filter
Main mechanism.The main structure parameters of smart filter layer are the thickness and packed density of filtering layer, need to comprehensively consider efficiency of dust collection, hold
The factors such as dust quantity and fluid resistance loss optimize.
The silver zeolite filtration system is as afterbody filtration system, positioned at the upper of metallic fiber filter system 1.2
Portion space, mainly by silver zeolite filter 1.31, annular preheating channel 1.34, annular air thermal insulation layer 1.35 and restriction orifice
1.36 composition.A large amount of zeolite with carrying silver particle, the chemical reaction of silver ion and methyl iodide are filled inside silver zeolite filter 1.31
Rate is very fast, and zeolite has biggish specific surface area as porous media, and the two, which combines, efficiently methyl iodide gas
Filter efficiency.But this material is more harsh to use condition, the chemical reaction of silver ion and methyl iodide needs hot conditions,
And zeolitic material is more sensitive to humidity, the experimental results showed that, in high temperature drying, silver zeolite is to methyl iodide gas
For absorption efficiency up to 95% or more, and after silver zeolite moisture absorption, filter efficiency is less than 30%, therefore, to maintain efficient methyl
Iodine gas absorbed efficiency must assure that higher temperature and lower humidity.Annular preheating channel 1.34 is to guarantee silver zeolite filter
The key structure of operating condition designs, which is the gas flow channel positioned at silver zeolite filter periphery, and discharge gas
Body enters the initial channel of filtration system, when gas enters system by heat convection and vapour condensation heat transfer, by gaseous mixture
The sensible heat and steam latent heat heat transfer of body give silver zeolite filter outside wall surface, then by heat transfer in silver zeolite filter
Zeolite granular preheated.Chemical solution 1.13 in zeolite warm-up phase, wet filter system is in supercooled state, row
Deflation body enters after solution, and the steam in gas is condensed in the solution, is single-phase cold air when leaving, at this stage
Gas humidity into silver zeolite filter is smaller, not will cause zeolite moisture absorption failure, in addition heat capacity of air is compared to steam heat
Appearance can be ignored, and will not influence the temperature-rise period of zeolite；Pressure in the system stable operation stage, at system entry 1.41
It is as shown in Equation 4 with the mathematical relationship of silver zeolite filter inlet pressure, by formula 4 it is found that due to fluid resistance loss, system entry
Pressure is consistently greater than the inlet pressure of silver zeolite filter, and corresponding saturated-steam temperature is also above zeolite filter inlet
Vapor (steam) temperature considers that the thermal conduction temperature difference of inlet gas and silver zeolite filter outside wall surface, system design can guarantee zeolite temperature
It is consistently higher than gasinlet temperature, effectively avoids the condensation phenomenon to the cold of steam in gas.
Pi=Δ P1+ΔP2+ΔPf1+ΔP3+ΔP4+Pyi (4)
In formula, Pi is system inlet pressures, Pa；Δ P1, Δ P2, Δ P3 and Δ P4 are respectively in gas flow pre-
Drag losses at the passage of heat, jet discharge tube bank, metal fiber filter and restricting orifice position, Pa；Pyi is silver zeolite
Filter system inlet pressure, Pa.
The annular air thermal insulation layer 1.35 is to reduce the heat insulation structural that gas heat is lost in preheating channel, main benefit
Reducing the GAS QUALITY as caused by thermally conductive with air thermal resistance reduces rate.The thickness of thermal insulation layer determines mainstream gas and system
The thermal conduction temperature difference of outside wall surface.Restriction orifice 1.36 is another key structure design for guaranteeing silver zeolite filter operating condition,
Restriction orifice 1.36 is the cylindrical porous coaming plate positioned at silver zeolite filter inlet side, and air-flow is flowing through restriction orifice 1.36
In the process, adiabatic throttling is depressured, and gas temperature is constant, and gas is made to reach the superheat state under current pressure, effectively prevents steaming
Vapour condenses phenomenon in silver zeolite filter.1.34 structure of the annular preheating channel design, in conjunction with air heat-insulation layer 1.35
With 1.36 structure of restriction orifice, it can effectively ensure that silver zeolite filter always works in high temperature low moisture environments, and then effectively
The filter efficiency that ensure that methyl iodide gas.
Fig. 1 show the overall structure diagram of integral safety shell release filtration system, and device is respectively from top to bottom
Silver zeolite filtration system, metallic fiber filter system 1.2 and wet filter system.Fig. 2 is the transversal of silver zeolite filter system
Face figure, as seen from the figure, silver zeolite filter 1.31 and annular preheating channel 1.34, air heat-insulation layer 1.35, restriction orifice 1.36
And system pressure container 1.44 is using coaxially arranged.The chamber of silver zeolite filter 1.31 is by peripheral board 1.32, interior coaming plate
1.33 and upper and lower end plate 1.38,1.37 constitute, wherein peripheral board 1.32 and interior coaming plate 1.33 are weldingly fixed on bottom plate 1.37,
The top half of interior coaming plate 1.33 is provided with a large amount of micropores, and aperture is less than silver zeolite particle diameter, is that air-flow enters silver zeolite filtering
The access road of device.Silver zeolite filter interior space is divided into inside and outside two chambers by baffle plate 1.39, two cavity bottom connection,
Air-flow enters from medial compartment top, then baffling to cavity bottom flows back up, when increasing contact of the gas with zeolite
Between, gas is discharged after being filtered from the venthole of upper head plate 1.38, then drains into environment from system outlet 1.43.Air heat-insulation layer
1.35 inner wall and the outside wall surface of silver zeolite filter 1.31 constitute the surface boundary of annular preheating channel 1.34, and annular is pre-
Gas phase flow velocity needed for the circulation area of the passage of heat 1.34 ensure that air-flow and silver zeolite filter wall surface heat exchange efficiency discharges gas
Body preheats silver zeolite filter by annular preheating channel after the entrance of system entry 1.41, then female via exhaust
Pipe 1.42 enters wet filter system.Air heat-insulation layer 1.35 is welded to the airtight chamber on internal pressure vessel walls face, utilizes
Air thermal resistance reduces gas and the heat of pressure vessel wall surface conducts.Restriction orifice 1.36 is welded on bottom plate 1.37, top
Edge and 1.38 end face seal of upper head plate, the percent opening of restriction orifice determine that gas enters the degree of superheat of silver zeolite filter.
Metallic fiber filter system 1.2 is lifted on the underface of silver zeolite filtration system by flange and bolt arrangement, even
Contact surface sealing.The specific constructive form of metallic fiber filter system is as shown in figure 3, it can be seen that metal fiber filter
Hexagonal arrangement, each side are a component, each component is divided into hydrophobic layer 1.21, pre-filter layer 1.22 and essence filtering
Layer 1.23 passes through flange series connection between each layer.Fabric filter bottom is equipped with sealing plate 1.25, and carrier gas is made to hang down from side
The saturating fabric filter cross section of direct puncture.
Wet filter system mainly includes jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly 1.11, static mixing component 1.12, cylinder
Shape lining 1.14 and chemical rinsing solution 1.13.Exhaust main pipe 1.42 penetrates static mixing component 1.12 vertically from above, and
In 1.12 bottom of static mixing component by distribution of air flow to jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly 1.11, jetting type gas discharge pipe
Tread assembly 1.11 and exhaust main pipe 1.42 are welded to connect, and exhaust outlet outgassing direction is vertically downward.Static mixing component 1.12 is fixed
On the inner wall of cylindrical lining 1.14, and the cylindrical welding of lining 1.14 is supported in lower head of pressure vessel, lining bottom
Be provided with a certain number of solution circulation canals 1.16, in order to prevent in system operation as fluid impact and caused by lining
It shakes, is connected between lining outside wall surface and internal pressure vessel walls face by fastener 1.15.Above-mentioned jetting type gas discharge pipe
Tread assembly 1.11, static mixing component 1.12 and cylindrical lining 1.14 all early chemical 1.13 liquid level of rinsing solution of submergence with
Under, 1.44 side wall of pressure vessel and bottom bulkhead have respectively fills 1.45 and lower drain port 1.46 on solution, for loading and replacement
Learn solution.
Integral safety shell filtering emission system of the present invention mainly includes wet filter system, metallic fiber filter system
1.2 and silver zeolite filtration system, top-down three-dimensional serial arrangement is used between each system；Wherein wet filter system
System is located at system bottom, and the radioaerosol and iodine of the overwhelming majority are removed by way of washing；Metallic fiber filter
System 1.2 is located in the middle part of system, and the drop carried in air-flow and the smaller aerosol of partial size are removed by way of physical filtering；
Silver zeolite filtration system is located at the top of system, by the radiation in the chemical reaction removal air-flow of silver ion and methyl iodide gas
Property methyl iodide gas.
The jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly 1.11 is connect with exhaust main pipe 1.42, and tube bank exit normal is submerged in
In chemical solution 1.13, tube bundle assembly quantity and size can guarantee that air-flow meets jet stream condition in tube bank exit, in gas
Fluerics and bubble rising area, most of aerosol in large grain size and iodine are trapped in solution.
The static mixing component 1.12 is located at a certain distance from 1.11 top of jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly, according to
Smaller bubble is further cut by bubble is risen by staggered lattice structure, increases gas liquid interfacial area；Gas simultaneously
Bubble forms the transverse movement that interlocks in static mixer, increases the residence time of gas in the liquid phase, bubble is in static mixing group
In the solution that most of aerosol in large grain size big absolutely and iodine are detained during part internal motion.
The cylindrical lining 1.14 and system pressure vessel 1.44 excessively are coaxial, for supporting static mixing component 1.12,
Lateral fluid forms natural circulation under the action of density contrast in lining simultaneously, increases the utilization rate of solution.
The chemical solution 1.13 is the sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate mixed solution by certain mass concentration proportioning,
The solution ratio can guarantee to effectively remove iodine, while smaller to the corrosiveness of structure member.
Metallic fiber filter system 1.2 is made of hydrophobic layer 1.21, coarse filtration layer 1.22 and smart filter layer 1.23.
Hydrophobic layer 1.21 is the first order filter of metal fiber filter, using the superposition of hydrophobicity fluffy fiber felt
At for removing the drop carried in air-flow, fibrofelt thickness and hydrophobic efficiency and flow pressure drop proportion relation.
Coarse filtration layer 1.22 is the second level filter of metal fiber filter, is laminated using the thicker fibre felt layer of string diameter
It makes, the aerosol of medium grain size is removed by inertial collision and interception function.
Smart filter layer 1.23 is the afterbody filter of metal fiber filter, is laminated using the thinner fibrofelt of string diameter
It suppresses, the aerosol of small particle is removed by Blang's interception function.
Silver zeolite filtration system is by silver zeolite filter 1.31, annular preheating channel 1.34, annular air thermal insulation layer 1.35
And restriction orifice 1.36 forms.
The silver zeolite filter 1.31 is the container of a hollow cylinder, is divided into inside container by partition inside and outside
Two chambers, the equal filling zeolite granular that is loaded with silver ion in two chambers, can effectively remove the radioactivity methyl in gas
Iodine gas, two cavity bottom connection increase time of contact for changing gas flow direction.
The annular preheating channel 1.34 is the outside wall surface and air heat-insulation layer 1.35 by silver zeolite filter 1.31
Annular gas-flow channel and discharge gas that inner wall is constituted enter the initial channel of system；Exhaust gas flow is preheated
During channel, silver zeolite filter 1.31 is preheated, temperature environment needed for guaranteeing silver zeolite absorption methyl iodide.
The air heat-insulation layer 1.35 is direct for mixed gas and system outside wall surface in preheating channel 1.34 is isolated
The annular air chamber of contact reduces mixed gas using air thermal resistance and radiates.
The restriction orifice 1.36 is positioned at the porous coaming plate of 1.31 inside of silver zeolite filter, and discharge gas is by limit
Discharge orifice plate latter aspect make to flow it is more uniform, while also act as reducing pressure by regulating flow effect, increase the mixed gas degree of superheat, guarantee silver
The degree of superheat needed for zeolite and methyl iodide gas reaction, the percent opening and discharge gas flow and the required degree of superheat of restriction orifice
It is related.
System is arranged using integrated series simultaneous body, passes through the top-down design of gas flow path, effective use discharge gas
The energy of body is preheated and is kept the temperature to silver zeolite filtration system, while being protected using row's discharge temperature with the variation relation of pressure
Water vapour will not coagulate phenomenon after card mixed gas enters silver zeolite filter, it is ensured that the high efficiency filter of methyl iodide gas is imitated
Rate.
Claims (9)
1. integral safety shell filtering emission system, it is characterized in that: including pressure vessel, silver zeolite filtration system, metallic fiber
Filtration system, wet filter system；System outlet is arranged in top above the pressure vessel, and the side above pressure vessel is set
System entry is set, lower drain port is arranged in the bottom below pressure vessel, fills mouth in the side setting below pressure vessel；The silver boiling
Stone filtration system includes upper head plate, bottom plate, peripheral board, interior coaming plate, and upper head plate and bottom plate are separately fixed at pressure from up to down
In force container, interior coaming plate and peripheral board are fixed on bottom plate from inside to outside, and upper head plate, bottom plate, peripheral board, interior coaming plate are common
Silver zeolite chamber is surrounded, silver zeolite is filled in silver zeolite chamber, is annular preheating channel, annular preheating channel on the outside of peripheral board
Air heat-insulation layer is constituted with the side wall of upper head plate, bottom plate and pressure vessel, the inside of interior coaming plate is arranged restriction orifice, inside encloses
Micropore is set on plate, venthole is set on upper head plate, recirculation hole is set on bottom plate；The metallic fiber filter system includes dredging
Water layer, pre-filter layer, smart filter layer, hydrophobic layer, pre-filter layer, smart filter layer are arranged from the outside to the core forms ring structure, and sets
It sets below bottom plate；The wet filter system includes exhaust main pipe, jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly, static mixing group
Part, cylindrical lining, cylindrical lining are fixed on the lower part inside pressure vessel, in the outer wall and pressure vessel of cylindrical lining
It is supported between wall by fastener, static mixing component, exhaust main pipe upper end and annular preheating channel is set in cylindrical lining
It communicating, the lower end of exhaust main pipe passes through static mixing component and stretches to below and install jetting type gas discharge pipe tread assembly,
Inside cylindrical lining and outside is filled with chemical rinsing solution；System entry is communicated with annular preheating channel, upper head plate
Venthole is communicated with system outlet, is above filled mouth and is located above chemical rinsing solution.
2. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: folding is arranged in silver zeolite chamber
Silver zeolite chamber is divided into inside and outside two chambers, the connection of two cavity bottoms by flowing plate, baffle plate, and venthole is arranged in lateral compartments
On the upper head plate of side, micropore is provided with the top half of interior coaming plate, and air-flow is by restriction orifice through the micro- of interior coaming plate top half
Hole enters the medial compartment of silver zeolite chamber, and baffling to silver zeolite cavity bottom is flowed out from the venthole of upper head plate.
3. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the metallic fiber
The section of filtration system is hexagonal structure, and each side of hexagonal structure constitutes a component, each component include hydrophobic layer,
Pre-filter layer, smart filter layer.
4. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: jetting type gas discharges
Vertically downward, cylindrical lining bottom is provided with solution circulation canal to the exhaust outlet outgassing direction of tube bundle assembly, in cylindrical lining
Portion and external chemical rinsing solution are communicated by solution circulation canal.
5. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: jetting type gas discharge pipe beam
Vertically downward, cylindrical lining bottom is provided with solution circulation canal to the exhaust outlet outgassing direction of component, inside cylindrical lining and
External chemical rinsing solution is communicated by solution circulation canal.
6. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: cylindrical lining meets
Following relationship:
ρgH1-ρogH2=Δ Pf1+ΔPf2
In formula, ρ is chemical rinsing solution density, and g is acceleration of gravity, H1For the liquid level outside cylindrical lining, H2For circle
Two-phase liquid level inside cylindricality lining, Δ Pf1For two-phase ascent stage flow resistance inside cylindrical lining, Δ Pf2For cylinder
Local flow resistance at lining side wall solution circulation canal.
7. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: cylindrical lining satisfaction is as follows
Relationship:
ρgH1-ρogH2=Δ Pf1+ΔPf2
In formula, ρ is chemical rinsing solution density, and g is acceleration of gravity, H1For the liquid level outside cylindrical lining, H2For circle
Two-phase liquid level inside cylindricality lining, Δ Pf1For two-phase ascent stage flow resistance inside cylindrical lining, Δ Pf2For cylinder
Local flow resistance at lining side wall solution circulation canal.
8. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: cylindrical lining satisfaction is as follows
Relationship:
ρgH1-ρogH2=Δ Pf1+ΔPf2
In formula, ρ is chemical rinsing solution density, and g is acceleration of gravity, H1For the liquid level outside cylindrical lining, H2For circle
Two-phase liquid level inside cylindricality lining, Δ Pf1For two-phase ascent stage flow resistance inside cylindrical lining, Δ Pf2For cylinder
Local flow resistance at lining side wall solution circulation canal.
9. integral safety shell filtering emission system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: cylindrical lining satisfaction is as follows
Relationship:
ρgH1-ρogH2=Δ Pf1+ΔPf2
In formula, ρ is chemical rinsing solution density, and g is acceleration of gravity, H1For the liquid level outside cylindrical lining, H2For circle
Two-phase liquid level inside cylindricality lining, Δ Pf1For two-phase ascent stage flow resistance inside cylindrical lining, Δ Pf2For cylinder
Local flow resistance at lining side wall solution circulation canal.
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| CN108062984B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2021-09-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Comprehensive system for pressure relief, filtration and discharge of containment vessel |
| CN108022659B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-10-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of containment filtration exhaust system that can efficiently remove organic iodine |
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| CN108492892B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-04-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Built-in containment filtering and discharging system |
| CN109489461B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2023-10-13 | 重庆大学 | Dust removal and heat exchange integrated device and method based on gradient honeycomb body and three-dimensional ribbed tube |
| CN110364275A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-10-22 | 中广核工程有限公司 | A kind of npp safety shell filtering emission system and method with hydrogen recombiner unit |
| CN113289417A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Silver-loaded zeolite filter for containment filtering and discharging system of nuclear power plant |
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