CN107238694A - A kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system and method - Google Patents
A kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107238694A CN107238694A CN201710610034.6A CN201710610034A CN107238694A CN 107238694 A CN107238694 A CN 107238694A CN 201710610034 A CN201710610034 A CN 201710610034A CN 107238694 A CN107238694 A CN 107238694A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system and method, wherein the system includes frame, support, pressue device;Wherein test specimen is fixed on support;And test specimen is pressurizeed by pressue device;Wherein pressue device includes auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder;Wherein the power output piston rod of auxiliary oil cylinder connects impact bar by force snesor, and impact bar distal end is provided with the test specimen load plate for being used for connecting test specimen;The power output piston rod of master cylinder is connected to connect the test specimen load plate of test specimen by force snesor;Its medium-height trestle includes at least three support bars being parallel to each other and supports the gland being detachably fixed with support bar of boom end;Then start pressue device, test specimen load plate applying power is pressurizeed to test specimen together with extruding test specimen by test specimen load plate and gland by auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to testing equipment technical field, a kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system and method is referred in particular to.
Background technology
Highland stress test is a kind of engineering field extremely important test, is even more important in tunnelling works, and
The reliability of result of the test is directly connected to construction quality and security.Existing highland stress test can pass through inside authentication
Equipment carries out simulated test, thus high-ground stress can be tested indoors.Existing high-ground stress testing equipment
It is varied, but all there is the problem of test result is not accurate enough.
The content of the invention
Cause final result of the test not accurate enough for high-ground stress Excavation simulation system architecture of the prior art is unreasonable
Really the problem of, the technical problem to be solved of the embodiment of the present invention is to propose that a kind of rational in infrastructure and result of the test is more precisely high
Crustal stress Excavation simulation system and method.
In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system, including frame,
Support, pressue device;Wherein test specimen is fixed on support;And test specimen is pressurizeed by pressue device;Wherein pressurization is filled
Put including auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder;Wherein the power output piston rod of auxiliary oil cylinder connects impact bar, and impact bar by force snesor
Distal end is provided with the test specimen load plate for being used for connecting test specimen;The power output piston rod of master cylinder is connected to by force snesor
Connect the test specimen load plate of test specimen;Its medium-height trestle include at least three support bars that are parallel to each other and support boom end with support
The gland that bar is detachably fixed;Then pressue device is started, by auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder to test specimen load plate applying power to squeeze
Test specimen is pressed, test specimen is pressurizeed together by test specimen load plate and gland.
Wherein, frame is provided with track, and wherein gland bottom is provided with wheel so that gland can be moved along track;Its
Middle pressue device bottom is provided with wheel so that pressue device can be moved along the track.
Wherein, master cylinder is hollow-core construction, and auxiliary oil cylinder is socketed in the hollow-core construction of auxiliary oil cylinder;Master cylinder and auxiliary oil cylinder
Power output piston coaxial, the power output piston of master cylinder is looped around outside the power output piston of auxiliary oil cylinder.
Wherein, in addition to suspension device;Wherein suspension device is connected with each other entirely through linear guides and frame, is linearly led
Propulsion counter-force when rail bearing is excavated;Suspension device includes excavating mechanism, suspension roof support mechanism, whitewashing mechanism, workbench, mortar
Pump;Mechanism is wherein excavated to be arranged on workbench, including miniature shield, the pusher for driving the miniature shield to advance
Structure, propulsion electric machine and rotary drive motor, the miniature shield are fixed on propulsive mechanism, the power output shaft connection of propulsion electric machine
Propulsive mechanism is to drive the propulsive mechanism and miniature shield forward/backward, and the rotary drive motor connects the miniature shield
Structure is to drive the miniature shield rotating with excavation simulation;Wherein described propulsive mechanism bottom is described to control provided with corner oil cylinder
The feeding angle of miniature shield;Also include whitewashing mechanism and suspension roof support mechanism, the whitewashing mechanism and suspension roof support mechanism are set
It is placed in the miniature shield both sides.
Wherein, whitewashing mechanism, suspension roof support mechanism, miniature shield all connect corner oil cylinder to ensure during three mechanism switchings
Position and the equal advancing angle to control miniature shield of angle.
Wherein, wherein suspension roof support mechanism also includes rotary drive motor, friction pulley propulsive mechanism;Rotary drive motor drives
Dynamic friction wheel propulsive mechanism rotates to drive suspension roof support mechanism forward/backward.
Wherein, in addition to power transmission shaft, bevel gear, rotating shaft, bearing, suspension roof support mechanism;Wherein power transmission shaft passes through bevel gear
Connection rotating shaft, rotating shaft can rotate to drive suspension roof support mechanism to advance relative to bearing.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the present invention also proposed a kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system using as described in preceding any one
The method for carrying out high-ground stress experiment, including:
Test specimen is put between support bar, and fixed by gland;Control auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder work to apply test specimen
Pressure is tested.
The above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention has the beneficial effect that:Above-mentioned technical proposal proposes a kind of high-ground stress and excavated
Simulation system, can carry out pressure test to find suitable test specimen to test specimen first, then be opened again by excavation system
Test and whitewashing test are dug, so as to realize highland stress test indoors.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the side structure schematic view of the high-ground stress Excavation simulation system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 main structure diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the pressue device of the high-ground stress Excavation simulation system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the suspension device of the high-ground stress Excavation simulation system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 side structure schematic view;
Fig. 6 is showing that the suspension device of the high-ground stress Excavation simulation system of the embodiment of the present invention is excavated under angle of inclination
It is intended to;
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal sectional view of excavation part in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of suspension roof support mechanism;
Fig. 9 is the broken section structural representation of the power section of suspension roof support mechanism.
Embodiment
To make the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Highland stress test system inside authentication equipment, mainly including loading system, excavation system and support system, wherein
The compression test specimen length of side is 0.5m square, and load mode is that true triaxial is loaded and each directionally independent control, and each direction is most
Big static loading ability is 800 tons.Equipment is in addition to static loading requirement, and each direction also requires to carry out independent power loading
To simulate the stress wave of blasting impact generation, 100 tons of maximum power load capability, peak frequency 15Hz;Completed for loading
Test specimen, which can carry out excavating operation simulation actual tunnel, to be excavated, it is therefore desirable to is reserved in equipment outer framework and is excavated hole, using opening
Digging system digging diameter is 0.1m Pollen sterility (drilling that rig bores a diameter of 0.15m can also be used), often excavates a bit of profit
Carry out beating the supporting operation of holdfast and sandblasting slurry with support system.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the high-ground stress Excavation simulation system of the embodiment of the present invention includes frame 1, support
3rd, pressue device 4;Wherein test specimen 5 is fixed on support 3;And test specimen 5 is pressurizeed by pressue device 4.As shown in Figure 3
, wherein pressue device 4 includes auxiliary oil cylinder 41, master cylinder 46;The power output piston rod 42 of wherein auxiliary oil cylinder 41 is passed by power
Sensor 43 connects impact bar 44, and the distal end of impact bar 44 is provided with the test specimen load plate 45 for being used for connecting test specimen;Master cylinder 46 it is dynamic
Power output piston bar 47 is connected to connect the test specimen load plate 45 of test specimen by force snesor 48.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, its
Medium-height trestle 3 includes being detachably fixed with support bar 31 at least three support bars 31 that are parallel to each other and the end of support bar 31
Gland 32.Operationally gland 32 is removed, then test specimen is put into the center of a plurality of support bar 31 of support 3, and so
Gland 32 is fixed on to the end of support bar 31 afterwards.Then start pressue device 4, pass through auxiliary oil cylinder 41,46 pairs of examinations of master cylinder
The applying power of part load plate 45 is pressurizeed to test specimen together with extruding test specimen by test specimen load plate 45 and gland 32.As schemed
1st, shown in Fig. 2, the support 3 includes four support bars 31 for being parallel to each other and being uniformly arranged.Wherein, pressue device 4, support 3
It is coaxially disposed.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, track 2 is additionally provided with the frame 1, the wherein bottom of gland 32 is provided with wheel so that gland
32 can move along track 2.Wherein the bottom of pressue device 4 is provided with wheel so that pressue device 4 can be moved along the track 2.
So it can just be moved when in use by gland 32 or by pressue device 4 along track 2 to vacate sufficiently large space, with
Test specimen is put into support 3.
Wherein, master cylinder 46 is hollow-core construction, and auxiliary oil cylinder 41 is socketed in the hollow-core construction of auxiliary oil cylinder 46;Master cylinder 46
With the power output piston coaxial of auxiliary oil cylinder 41, the power output piston of master cylinder 46 is looped around the power output work of auxiliary oil cylinder 41
Beyond the Great Wall.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, wherein the frame 1 is square shape, uses integral cast steel part by four crossbeams, machines
After be connected by screw bolts and be spliced, compact conformation;And four crossbeams are easily installed and transported using split-type structural, main part
It is 2477x2477x910mm, about 26 tons of weight to divide size.Frame is in horizontal addload 8000KN load, and axial bolts are cut change
Shape, causes the overall outwards translation of frame, the outside lateral bend of frame, horizontal bend deflection is 0.2469+0.2224=
0.4693mm, in order to be simplified when accelerating and being analyzed in calculating speed, figure in the stress analysis of bolt connection part, the design
Each face uses 52 8.8 grades of M36 high strength exploitations, and load is effectively ensured up to 2548 tons, the stress plane of single bolt
Product is 815mm2, length is 350mm, then frame is when bearing 8000KN load, and single shearing strain quantity Δ X is
The level comprehensive rigidity of frame is the 8000000/ ≈ 14.4MN/mm of (0.4693+0.086)=144066627.
Frame is when loading 8000KN load, and axial bolts are elongated, and the outside lateral bend of frame is vertically to bending deformation quantity
Each face uses 52 8.8 grades of M36 high strength exploitations, single spiral shell in 0.2262+0.2507=0.4769mm, the design
The stress area of bolt is 815mm2, and length is 350mm, then frame is when bearing 8000KN load, and single amount of elongation Δ L is
Frame it is vertical to integral stiffness be the 8000000/ ≈ 10MN/mm of (0.4769+0.32)=10038300
And track uses four pillar construction forms, horizontal Y-direction loading during available for physical model true triaxial test is maximum
Load capability 8000KN, about 11 tons of weight.Frame bears force analysis during 8000KN load, and maximum stress is about 171MPa.
Wherein, auxiliary oil cylinder 41 uses 1000KN dynamic servo oil cylinders, and master cylinder 46 uses 8000KN servo-cylinders.Wherein
8000KN servo-cylinders use hollow-core construction, and boring hole is used for the installation of 1000KN dynamic servos oil cylinder and passed through.So
8000KN servo-cylinders can be installed within frame with 1000KN dynamic servo oil cylinders, not interfere with each other during loading.Servo-cylinder
Closed-loop control system is constituted with servo valve, sensor and controller, can be using control modes such as power closed loop, displacement closed loops.
Oil cylinder rated operating pressure 25MPa, 8000KN servo-cylinder internal diameter 700mm, effective area 331584mm2;
1000KN oil cylinders internal diameter 220mm, effective area 37994mm2;Its structure is as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 4, the system also includes suspension device;Wherein suspension device is entirely through linear guides and frame phase
Connect, propulsion counter-force when linear guides bear to excavate.Suspension device includes excavating mechanism, suspension roof support mechanism 90, whitewashing
Mechanism 83, workbench 84, mortar pump;Wherein excavate mechanism be arranged on workbench 84 on, including miniature shield 81, for driving
Propulsive mechanism 85, propulsion electric machine 86 and rotary drive motor 87 that miniature shield is advanced are stated, the miniature shield is fixed on pusher
On structure 85, the power output shaft of propulsion electric machine 86 connects propulsive mechanism 85 to drive before the propulsive mechanism 85 and miniature shield 81
Enter/retreat, the rotary drive motor 87 connects the miniature shield 81 and opened with driving the miniature shield 81 to rotate with simulating
Dig.The wherein described bottom of propulsive mechanism 85 is provided with corner oil cylinder 91 to control the feeding angle of the miniature shield 81.Also include
The mechanism 83 that whitewashes and suspension roof support mechanism 90, as shown in Figure 5, the whitewashing mechanism 83 and suspension roof support mechanism 90 are arranged at institute
State miniature shield both sides.As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, wherein whitewashing mechanism 83, suspension roof support mechanism 90, miniature shield 81 are all
Position and angle when connection corner oil cylinder 91 is to ensure that three mechanisms switch is equal.It can so control before miniature shield
Enter angle.
Wherein miniature shield device uses large shield machine principle, and fish tail knife, advanced knife and flat scraper are arranged in front end, most
Limits simulate actual condition;Propulsion plant is arranged on pushing ram one end using leading screw and nut mechanism, is driven using servomotor
Feed speed and dynamics.Wherein whitewashing mechanism is also connected with spray pump.
As shown in Figure 8, wherein suspension roof support mechanism uses gear transmission mode, 1 anchor pole can be pressed into examination every time
Inside part;Pushing ram is driven to rotate to an angle by rotary drive motor.Friction pulley propulsive mechanism 99 determines suspension roof support machine
The position of structure 90, motor uses stepper motor, the position of anchor pole, quantity needed for accurately controlling, as needed to examination
Part inwall carries out suspension roof support simulated operation.Maximum advance distance 1500mm.Specifically, as shown in figure 9, including power transmission shaft 91,
Bevel gear 92, rotating shaft 93, bearing 94, suspension roof support mechanism 90;Wherein power transmission shaft 91 passes through the connection rotating shaft 93 of bevel gear 92, rotating shaft
93 can rotate to drive suspension roof support mechanism 90 to advance relative to bearing 94.
The propulsive mechanism and rotating mechanism of spray-up injection apparatus are identical with anchor bar suspension device, and afterbody passes through flexible pipe and mortar
Pump is connected with each other, and it is also 1500mm to promote stroke.
3 8000KN servo-cylinders are loaded simultaneously when, when piston is loaded with speed v=20mm/min speed, oil cylinder
It is per minute needed for flow be
Q1=3*S*v
=3*331584*20
=19835040mm3/min
=19.9L/min
Required power is
P=Q1*p/60
=19.9*25/60
=8.3KW
3 1000KN servo-cylinders are loaded simultaneously when, when piston is with frequency f=15HZ, amplitude M=± 0.5mm operating mode
During operation, the average speed of piston is v=15mm/s, and flow needed for oil cylinder is per minute is
Q1=3*S*v*60
=3*37994*15*60
=102583800mm3/min
=102.6L/min
Required power is
P=Q1*p/60
=102.6*25/60
=42.7KW
Static oil cylinder adopts respective oil pump with dynamic oil cylinder and power is provided separately, and mutual when working is not disturbed, it is contemplated that work
Efficiency, 8000KN oil sources power of motor apolegamy 11KW, 8000KN oil sources power of motor apolegamy 55KW.
Measurement and Control System
Measurement and Control System is by digital multichannel closed loop controller, hydrostatic sensor, load sensor, displacement transducer
Deng composition:
1st, controller
A. digital multichannel closed loop controller
Digital stress, strain, displacement closed-loop control, can be real using advanced adaptive fuzzy pid control algorithm
The online accurate closed-loop control of controlled quentity controlled variable of existing systematic parameter, realizes the function such as constant speed plus off-load, constant force, permanent displacement.Meanwhile, carry
For the control interface of custom system parameter, user can be configured to system control parameters to adapt to different control environment,
Have with considerable flexibility.
B. multi-way contral output interface
Control system has independent electrohydraulic servo valve control passage, various speed controls and control function in process of the test
It can switch mutually, each actuator can closed-loop control servo valve works at the same time or separately according to test requirements document, it is ensured that whole
The either synchronously or asynchronously control of loading system, greatly improves the stability of pilot system.
C. high accurate data collecting system
Data collecting system has multichannel road 24 A/D switching to pressure of high accuracy, displacement, deformation acquisition channel, Ke Yida
To indicating value accuracy:Within ± 0.1%.The sample rate of data has reached 10KHz, can rapidly gather current sensor
Signal, so that closed loop control module preferably carries out real-time closed-loop control.
D. repair and upgrade is convenient
Digital multichannel closed loop measurement and control instrument can carry out instrument upgrading according to user's requirement.When event occurs in instrument
During barrier, maintenance process can be timely and conveniently carried out.
2nd, sensor
Sensor influences larger to testing machine precision, by putting into practice for many years, and displacement uses mangneto formula displacement transducer or drawing
Line coding device (See Figure), is characterized in:High accuracy, high stability, high reliability, antijamming capability are extremely strong, low in energy consumption, are mesh
Sensor is most preferably tested in preceding displacement.
Described above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of principle of the present invention is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system, it is characterised in that including frame, support, pressue device;Wherein test specimen is consolidated
It is scheduled on support;And test specimen is pressurizeed by pressue device;Wherein pressue device includes auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder;It is wherein secondary
The power output piston rod of oil cylinder connects impact bar by force snesor, and impact bar distal end is provided with the test specimen for being used for connecting test specimen
Load plate;The power output piston rod of master cylinder is connected to connect the test specimen load plate of test specimen by force snesor;Wherein prop up
Frame includes at least three support bars being parallel to each other and supports the gland being detachably fixed with support bar of boom end;Then
Start pressue device, by auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder to test specimen load plate applying power to extrude test specimen, by test specimen load plate and admittedly
Fixed first is pressurizeed to test specimen.
2. high-ground stress Excavation simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that frame is provided with track, wherein
Gland bottom is provided with wheel so that gland can be moved along track;Wherein pressue device bottom is provided with wheel so that pressue device
It can be moved along the track.
3. high-ground stress Excavation simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein, master cylinder is hollow knot
Structure, and auxiliary oil cylinder is socketed in the hollow-core construction of auxiliary oil cylinder;The power output piston coaxial of master cylinder and auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder
Power output piston is looped around outside the power output piston of auxiliary oil cylinder.
4. high-ground stress Excavation simulation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including suspension device;Wherein
Suspension device is connected with each other entirely through linear guides and frame, propulsion counter-force when linear guides bear to excavate;Suspension device
Including excavating mechanism, suspension roof support mechanism, whitewashing mechanism, workbench, mortar pump;Mechanism is wherein excavated to be arranged on workbench,
Propulsive mechanism, propulsion electric machine and rotary drive motor including miniature shield, for driving the miniature shield to advance, this is miniature
Shield is fixed on propulsive mechanism, and the power output shaft of propulsion electric machine connection propulsive mechanism is to drive the propulsive mechanism and miniature
Shield is forward/backward, and the rotary drive motor connects the miniature shield to drive the miniature shield rotating to simulate out
Dig;Wherein described propulsive mechanism bottom is provided with corner oil cylinder to control the feeding angle of the miniature shield;Also include pulp shooting machine
Structure and suspension roof support mechanism, the whitewashing mechanism and suspension roof support mechanism are arranged at the miniature shield both sides.
5. high-ground stress Excavation simulation system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that wherein whitewash mechanism, anchor pole branch
Position and angle when shield mechanism, miniature shield all connect corner oil cylinder to ensure that three mechanisms switch is equal miniature to control
The advancing angle of shield.
6. high-ground stress Excavation simulation system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that wherein suspension roof support mechanism is also wrapped
Include rotary drive motor, friction pulley propulsive mechanism;Rotary drive motor driving friction pulley propulsive mechanism rotates to drive anchor pole branch
Protect mechanism forward/backward.
7. high-ground stress Excavation simulation system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also including power transmission shaft, bevel gear,
Rotating shaft, bearing, suspension roof support mechanism;Wherein power transmission shaft by bevel gear connection rotating shaft, rotating shaft can be rotated relative to bearing with
Suspension roof support mechanism is driven to advance.
8. a kind of high-ground stress Excavation simulation system using as described in claim any one of 1-7 carries out high-ground stress experiment
Method, it is characterised in that including:
Test specimen is put between support bar, and fixed by gland;Control auxiliary oil cylinder, master cylinder work with test specimen is pressed into
Row test.
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CN108088978A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of three-dimensional analog simulation experimental rig for adopting strata movement and gas migration |
CN109949682A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-28 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of brief test device and test method for simulating shield tunnel construction |
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CN109949682A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-28 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of brief test device and test method for simulating shield tunnel construction |
CN109949682B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2024-05-03 | 华东交通大学 | Simple test device and test method for simulating shield tunnel construction |
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