CN107221964B - A kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method - Google Patents
A kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107221964B CN107221964B CN201710432840.9A CN201710432840A CN107221964B CN 107221964 B CN107221964 B CN 107221964B CN 201710432840 A CN201710432840 A CN 201710432840A CN 107221964 B CN107221964 B CN 107221964B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method, it is characterized in that, the following steps are included: the energy consumption characters and its power output ratio according to generating set are scheduled, using the combination of every generating set output power and its maximum power ratio and every generator rating power and the ratio of power maximum generation machine rated power seized the opportunity as feasible solution；Seek the lower globally optimal solution of energy consumption in the way of simulated annealing.Through the invention, the load of each marine generator group of reasonable distribution, compared to the energy scheduling mode being commonly divided in portion, can be sought in energy consumption on the basis of guaranteeing safety of ship and take more optimal scheduling mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic positioning ship energy scheduling fields, and in particular to a kind of multiple electricity of dynamic positioning ocean platform
Machine unit scheduling method.
Background technique
Energy problem has become a first-class major issue in economic development.With the continuous consumption of the landing field energy, people
Sight is invested ocean more more and more urgently by class, and all kinds of platforms in ocean become the new hot spot of research, however ocean platform is both
The tool of the energy is obtained, while also largely consuming the energy, wherein platform diesel engine is the important component for consuming the energy.
The main function of ocean platform diesel engine is power generation, and can it be the heart of ocean platform, work normally direct shadow
Ring the normal work for arriving platform.Ocean platform diesel engine can consume a large amount of energy in normal operation.In identical generating set
In the case where stand-by, different energy sources dispatching distribution scheme can realize different consumptions meeting while ocean platform energy needs
Oil mass.So optimizing energy scheduling mode, to make while realizing energy requirement compared to traditional energy scheduling scheme
The reduction that consume accordingly is extremely urgent need.
Ocean platform is frequently necessary to be located in marine certain point, while preventing from overturning, common to carry out every operation
In the case of positioning method has anchoring positioning, dynamic positioning, anchoring positioning+general depth of water of dynamic positioning, floating production system is
Pool mainly uses mooring system, but as the reduction of bottom power is grabbed in the increase of the depth of water, mooring system, the degree of difficulty cast anchor increases,
The length of chain cable benefit intensity of mooring system will increase simultaneously, and then weight increases severely, and marine cloth chain operation also becomes complicated, mooring
The cost and mounting cost of anchor chain surge, and positioning function is also very restricted.With shipping industry and ocean engineering
It grows rapidly, traditional positioning system is no longer satisfied the requirement of deep-sea region positioning operation, and dynamic positioning system can be very
Solve the problems, such as that this its advantages is that positioning cost will not increase as the depth of water increases, and operation is also more convenient well,
Therefore the research of dynamic positioning system increasingly has realistic meaning.
Dynamic positioning (DP) is a kind of control system of closed loop, and function is the not effect by mooring system, and can not
Disconnected to detect the physical location of ship and the deviation of target position, the influence further according to the external disturbances power such as wind, wave, stream calculates
So that ship is restored to the size of thrust needed for target position, and thrust distribution is carried out to thruster each on ship, makes each thruster
Corresponding thrust is generated, it includes position control (propeller so that ship be made to be maintained at the position that requires on sea level as much as possible
Using low into speed) and control is navigated by water, its advantage is that positioning cost will not increase as the depth of water increases, and operates and also compare side
Just；The disadvantage is that increasing energy consumption, while equipment is once out of control will generate serious consequence.
To sum up, it can be seen that the prior art ignores the energy characteristics of every generating set, each generator of proportional allocations
The load of group.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of scheduling scheme of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group.According to the practical work of ocean platform
Condition and thrust need, and are scheduled to its generating set, keep generating set energy consumption less compared to normal dispatch mode, specifically
It is optimized using simulated annealing.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group
Dispatching method, which comprises the following steps: it is scheduled according to the energy consumption characters and its power output ratio of generating set,
By every generating set output power and its maximum power ratio and every generator rating power and power maximum generation machine volume
The combination of the ratio of power seized the opportunity is determined as feasible solution；Seek the lower global optimum of energy consumption in the way of simulated annealing
Solution.
In an embodiment of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps: S1: establishing the mathematics of dynamic positioning ship energy management
Model, it is assumed that the optimization problem for needing to solve are as follows:
Minimize f(x) (1)
Subject to x∈Ω (2)
Dynamic positioning ship energy management optimized mathematical model includes objective function and constraint condition；Objective function includes combustion
Material consumption is minimum；Constraint condition includes unit processing constraint, unit Constraints of Equilibrium；If the output power of every generator is
The rated power of every generating set is Pj max, it is assumed that n-th generating set power maximum, rated power Pn max, ship always bears
Lotus is PD, then enable
Then energy management Optimized model concrete form are as follows:
Wherein, PGFor the ratio of the rated power of the output general power and power maximum generation machine of generating set；F(PG) be
The total amount of generating set consumption fuel；PjFor the ratio P of jth platform unit output power and its rated powerj′For jth platform unit volume
Determine the ratio of power Yu power maximum generation machine rated power；aj、bj、cjFor jth platform unit fuel coefficient；PjminFor jth
The ratio of platform unit minimum output power and its rated power；PjmaxFor jth platform unit peak power output and its rated power
Ratio；PD′For the ratio of ship total load and the rated power of power maximum generation machine；S2: the number of iterations k=0 is enabled；S3: it sets
Set initial temperature T0, temperature declines parameter alpha and initial point X(0)∈Ω；X(0)=Pjmin+(Pjmax-Pjmin) * rand (), j=(1,
2....8)；S4: from the sensu lato field N (X of initial point(k)) select alternative point Z(k)；S5: setting acceptance probability is P (k, f
(Z(k)), f (X(k))=min { 1, exp (- (f (Z(k))-f(X(k)))/Tk) if f (Z(k))≤f(X(k)), then P (k, f
(Z(k)), f (X(k)))=1 X at this time(k+1)=Z(k), i.e., next iteration point is Z(k), but if f (Z(k)) > f (X(k)), then still
There is certain probability to make X(k+1)=Z(k), this probability is exp (- (f (Z(k))-f(X(k)))/Tk)；S6: with a record array
Come preferable solution resulting when recording optimizing and apply to next iteration；S7: if meeting stopping rule, just stopping iteration,
Otherwise k=k+1 is enabled, S3 is returned.
Through the invention, the load of each marine generator group of reasonable distribution, on the basis of guaranteeing safety of ship, compared to
The energy scheduling mode being commonly divided in portion, can seek in energy consumption and take more optimized scheduling mode.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of Contrast on effect of the present invention under particular energy demand with traditional two kinds of scheduling modes.
Fig. 2 is algorithm flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Explanation is further explained to the present invention in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method, special according to the energy consumption of generating set
Sign and its power output ratio are scheduled, and every generating set output power and its maximum power ratio and every generator is specified
The combination of the ratio of power and power maximum generation machine rated power seized the opportunity is as feasible solution；In the way of simulated annealing come
Seek the lower globally optimal solution of energy consumption.It anneals in a kind of particular energy demand Imitating bright with traditional two kinds of scheduling modes effect
Fruit comparison, referring to Fig. 1.
The flow chart that the present invention is embodied is referring to fig. 2.
Specifically includes the following steps:
◆ step 1
Establish the mathematical model of dynamic positioning ship energy management, it is assumed that the optimization problem for needing to solve are as follows:
Minimize f(x) (1)
Subject to x∈Ω (2)
This problem concrete mathematical model is that dynamic positioning ship energy management optimized mathematical model includes objective function peace treaty
Beam condition；Objective function includes that fuel consumption is minimum；Constraint condition includes unit processing constraint, unit Constraints of Equilibrium.
If the output power of every generator is PGj, the rated power of every generating set is Pj max, it is assumed that n-th power generation
The power of the assembling unit is maximum, rated power Pn max, ship total load is PD, then enable
Then energy management Optimized model concrete form are as follows:
Wherein, PGFor the ratio of the rated power of the output general power and power maximum generation machine of generating set；F(PG) be
The total amount of generating set consumption fuel；PjFor the ratio P of jth platform unit output power and its rated powerj′For jth platform unit volume
Determine the ratio of power Yu power maximum generation machine rated power；aj、bj、cjFor jth platform unit fuel coefficient；PjminFor jth
The ratio of platform unit minimum output power and its rated power；PjmaxFor jth platform unit peak power output and its rated power
Ratio；PD′For the ratio of ship total load and the rated power of power maximum generation machine.
◆ step 2
Enable the number of iterations k=0.
◆ step 3
Initial temperature T is set simultaneously0, temperature declines parameter alpha and initial point X(0)∈Ω。
Method for annealing is referred in the present invention in order to obtain more preferable globally optimal solution, so need higher initial temperature, if
Set T0It is 10000, setting temperature drawdown parameter is 095, and initial point utilizes generating random number, and specific implementation formula is as follows:
X(0)=Pjmin+(Pj max-Pj min) * rand (), j=(1,2...8) (8)
◆ step 4
From the sensu lato field N (X of initial point(k)) select alternative point Z(k)。
The selection scheme wherein alternatively put is determined as original point X by repeatedly test in the present invention(0)Up and down 10%, tool
The formula of body embodiment is as follows:
Zjk=pow (- 1, rand () %2) * ((rand () %11) * 0.01*Pjmax), j=(1,2...8) (9)
If wherein Zjk< 0, then by ZxkSet 0；If Zxk> Pjmax, then by ZjkIt is set to Pjmax。
◆ step 5
Setting acceptance probability is P (k, f (Z (k)), f (X (k))=min { 1exp (- (f (z(k)))-f(X(k)))/Tk) such as
Fruit f (Z(k))≤f(X(k)), then P (k, f (Z(k)), f (X(k)))=1 X at this time(k+1)=Z(k), i.e., next iteration point is Z(k)。
But if f (Z(k)) > f (x(k)), then still there is certain probability to make X(k+1)=Z(k), this probability is exp (- (f (Z (k))-f
(X(k)))/Tk)。
Wherein present invention setting cooling procedure is classical index cooling procedure, i.e. Tk+1=Tk*α。
◆ step 6
In order to improve the computation rate for dredging algorithm, the present invention is iterated using a kind of mode for remembering excellent solution, specifically
Come preferable solution resulting when recording optimizing and apply to next iteration using a record array, to seek preferably
Solution.If meeting stopping rule, just stop iteration.
◆ step 7
K=k+1 is enabled, step 3 is returned to.
The load of each marine generator group of reasonable distribution, on the basis of guaranteeing safety of ship, compared to commonly in proportion
The energy scheduling mode of distribution, can seek in energy consumption and take more optimal scheduling mode.
Specific method is exemplified below:
If energy management optimization is carried out to the dynamic positioning ship equipped with 8 diesel generating sets with the present invention,
Power is shown in table 1
| Single machine rated power (KW) | 1250 | 2500 | 3750 | 5000 |
| Quantity (platform) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Table 1
Units consumption characteristic is as follows:
0≤pj< 0.25
S(pj(the p of)=2.9512j)3+187.866(pj)2+270.67Pj+289
0.25 < pj< 0.5
S(pj(the p of)=2.9572j-0.25)3+190.08(pj-0.25)2-176.184(pj-0.25)+233.12
0.5 < pj< 0.75
S(pj(the p of)=7.0041j-0.5)3+192.293(pj-0.5)2-80.591(pj-0.5)+201
0.75≤pj< 0.85
S(pj)=- 1.4424 × 103(pj-0.75)3+197.546(pj-0.75)2+16.869(pj-0.75)+192.98
0.85≤pj< 0.9
S(pj)=1.9401 × 103(pj-0.85)3+235.158(pj-0.85)2+13.10(pj-0.25)+195.2
0.9≤pi< 1.0
S(pj(the p of)=67.134j-0.9)3+55.8598(pj-0.9)2+4.1427(pj-0.9)+195.51
1.0≤Pj< 1.1
S(pj(the p of)=67.134j-1.0)3+76.0(pj-1.0)2+17.328(pj-1.0)+195.55
Then it can determine marine generator group scheduling model according to formula (3)-(7).
Work as PD′When=2, according to the dispatching method and the method for the present invention of current common marine generator group, each generating set function
Rate distribution is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
According to above-mentioned table 2, traditional ship generator dispatching method is divided to two kinds: one, preferential under the premise of meeting ship load
Using the lower generator of power, in order to guarantee the safety used without being fully loaded with lower operation, therefore use 90% is specified
Power replaces full function output (can accordingly change the scale parameter according to the actual situation).
Under the premise of two meet ship load, required power is distributed into all generators by power proportions.Ship of the invention
Oceangoing ship energy management method is to carry out power distribution based on simulated annealing (SA).
Ship commonly uses the dispatching method of marine generator group and the fuel consumption pair of the method for the present invention under different load at present
Than as shown in table 3:
Table 3
This it appears that inventive algorithm is being expired in the scheduling of dynamic positioning of vessels energy compared to normal dispatch mode
The reduction of fuel consumption under the identical thrust requirements of foot has certain reality for the energy scheduling of the ocean platform of dynamic positioning
Meaning.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, all any changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, and generated function is made
When with range without departing from technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the formula of above content, variable X is known as design variable, and the dimension of variable X is selected according to practical problem.
Ω is known as feasible zone, when fingering row optimization problem, the desirable range domain of design variable value.
Formula 1,2 represents this process of the minimization of object function when design variable X value in feasible zone Ω.
djIt is one of jth platform fuel oil consump-tion fuel consumption coefficient.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method, which comprises the following steps: according to power generation
The energy consumption characters and its power output ratio of unit are scheduled, by every generating set output power and its maximum power ratio and often
The combination of the product of the ratio of platform generator rating power and power maximum generation machine rated power is as feasible solution；Utilize simulation
The mode of annealing seeks the lower globally optimal solution of energy consumption；
Specifically includes the following steps:
S1: the mathematical model of dynamic positioning ship energy management is established, it is assumed that the optimization problem for needing to solve are as follows:
Minimize f(x) (1)
Subject to x∈Ω (2)
Dynamic positioning ship energy management optimized mathematical model includes objective function and constraint condition；Objective function includes that fuel disappears
It consumes minimum；Constraint condition includes unit processing constraint, unit Constraints of Equilibrium；
If the output power of every generator is PGj, the rated power of every generating set is Pj max, it is assumed that n-th generating set
Power is maximum, rated power Pn max, ship total load is PD, then enable
Then energy management Optimized model concrete form are as follows:
Wherein, PGFor the ratio of the rated power of the output general power and power maximum generation machine of generating set；F(PG) it is power generation
The total amount of unit consumption fuel；PjFor the ratio P of jth platform unit output power and its rated powerj' it is the specified function of jth platform unit
The ratio of rate and power maximum generation machine rated power；aj、bj、cjFor jth platform unit fuel coefficient；PjminFor jth platform machine
The ratio of group minimum output power and its rated power；PjmaxFor the ratio of jth platform unit peak power output and its rated power
Value；PD' for ship total load and power maximum generation machine rated power ratio；
S2: the number of iterations k=0 is enabled；
S3: setting initial temperature T0, temperature declines parameter alpha and initial point X(0)∈Ω；
X(0)=Pjmin+(Pjmax-Pjmin) * rand (), j=(1,2...8)；
S4: from the sensu lato field N of initial point (X(k)) select alternative point Z(k)；
S5: setting acceptance probability be P (k, f (Z(k)), f (X(k)))=min 1, exp (- (f (Z(k))-f(X(k)))/Tk) if f
(Z(k))≤f(X(k)), then P (k, f (Z(k)), f (X(k)))=1 X at this time(k+1)=Z(k), i.e., next iteration point is Z(k), still
If f (Z(k)) > f (X(k)), then still there is certain probability to make X(k+1)=Z(k), this probability be exp (- (f (Z(k))-f(X(k)))/
Tk)；
S6: come preferable solution resulting when recording optimizing and apply to next iteration with a record array；
S7: if meeting stopping rule, just stop iteration, otherwise enable k=k+1, return to S3.
2. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: S3 setting
T0It is 10000, it is 0.95 that setting temperature, which declines parameter alpha, and initial point utilizes generating random number.
3. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: standby in S4
Reconnaissance is original point X(0)Up and down 10%, i.e.,
Zjk=pow (- 1, rand () %2) * ((rand () %11) * 0.01*Pjmax), j=(1,2...8) (9)
If wherein Zjk< 0, then by ZjkSet 0；If Zjk> Pjmax, then by ZjkIt is set to Pjmax。
4. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: set in S5
Setting cooling procedure is classical index cooling procedure, i.e. Tk+1=Tk*α。
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