CN107221964A - A kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method - Google Patents
A kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:It is scheduled according to the energy consumption characters and its ratio of exerting oneself of generating set, regard every generating set power output and its peak power ratio and every generator rating power and the combination seized the opportunity of the ratio of power maximum generation machine rated power as feasible solution;Seek the relatively low globally optimal solution of energy consumption using the mode of simulated annealing.By the present invention, the load of each marine generator group of reasonable distribution on the basis of safety of ship is ensured, compared to the energy scheduling mode being commonly divided in portion, can be sought in energy consumption and take more optimal scheduling mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic positioning ship energy scheduling field, and in particular to generated electricity a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform more
Machine unit scheduling method.
Background technology
Energy problem has become a first-class major issue in economic development.With the continuous consumption of the landing field energy, people
Sight is more and more urgently invested ocean by class, and all kinds of platforms in ocean become the new focus of research, but ocean platform is both
The instrument of the energy is obtained, while also a large amount of consumption energy, wherein platform diesel engine is the important component for consuming the energy.
The main function of ocean platform diesel engine is to generate electricity, and can it be the heart of ocean platform, the direct shadow of normal work
Ring the normal work to platform.Ocean platform diesel engine can consume the substantial amounts of energy in normal operation.In identical generating set
In the case of stand-by, different energy sources dispatching distribution scheme can realize different consumptions while ocean platform energy needs is met
Oil mass.So compared to traditional energy scheduling scheme, optimizing energy scheduling mode, so as to make while energy requirement is realized
The reduction that consume accordingly is extremely exigence.
Ocean platform is frequently necessary to be located in marine certain point, while prevent from overturning, it is common to carry out every operation
Positioning method has in the case of anchoring positioning, dynamic positioning, the positioning+general depth of waters of dynamic positioning of anchoring, and floating production system is
Pool is main to use mooring system, but with the increase of the depth of water, the bottom power of grabbing of mooring system reduces, the degree of difficulty increase cast anchor,
The length of chain cable and intensity of mooring system will increase simultaneously, and then weight increases severely, and marine cloth chain operation also becomes complicated, mooring
The cost and mounting cost of anchor chain surge, and its positioning function is also very restricted.With shipping industry and ocean engineering
Fast development, traditional alignment system can not meet the requirement of deep-sea region positioning operation, and dynamic positioning system can be very
It is that positioning cost will not increase as the depth of water increases to solve this problem its advantages well, and operation is also more convenient,
Therefore the research of dynamic positioning system increasingly has realistic meaning.
Dynamic positioning (DP) is a kind of control system of closed loop, and its function is effect not by mooring system, and can not
Disconnected to detect the physical location of ship and the deviation of target location, the influence further according to the external disturbance power such as wind, wave, stream is calculated
Make ship return to target location needed for thrust size, and thrust distribution is carried out to each thruster on ship, makes each thruster
Corresponding thrust is produced, it includes position control (propeller so that ship is maintained at the position that is required on sea level as much as possible
Using it is low enter speed) and navigation control, its advantage is that positioning cost will not increase as the depth of water increases, and is operated also relatively square
Just;Have the disadvantage to increase energy consumption, while equipment is once out of control will to produce serious consequence.
To sum up, it can be seen that prior art ignores the energy characteristicses of every generating set, each generator of proportional allocations
The load of group.
The content of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of scheduling scheme of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group.According to the actual work of ocean platform
Condition is needed with thrust, and its generating set is scheduled, and makes generating set energy consumption less compared to normal dispatch mode, is specifically
Optimized using simulated annealing.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:A kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group
Dispatching method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:It is scheduled according to the energy consumption characters and its ratio of exerting oneself of generating set,
By every generating set power output and its peak power ratio and every generator rating power and power maximum generation machine volume
The combination seized the opportunity of ratio of power is determined as feasible solution;Seek the relatively low global optimum of energy consumption using the mode of simulated annealing
Solution.
In an embodiment of the present invention, following steps are specifically included:S1:Set up the mathematics of dynamic positioning ship energy management
Model, it is assumed that need solve optimization problem be:
Minimize f(x) (1)
Subject to x∈Ω (2)
Dynamic positioning ship energy management optimized mathematical model includes object function and constraints;Object function includes combustion
Material consumption is minimum;Constraints includes unit and handles constraint, unit Constraints of Equilibrium;If the power output of every generator is PGj,
The rated power of every generating set is Pj max, it is assumed that n-th generating set power maximum, rated power is Pn max, ship always bears
Lotus is PD, then make
Then energy management Optimized model concrete form is:
Wherein, PGFor the output general power and the ratio of the rated power of power maximum generation machine of generating set;F(PG) be
Generating set consumes the total amount of fuel;PjFor jth platform unit power output and the ratio P of its rated powerj' it is jth platform unit volume
Determine the ratio of power and power maximum generation machine rated power;aj、bj、cjFor jth platform unit fuel coefficient;PjminFor jth
The ratio of platform unit minimum output power and its rated power;PjmaxFor jth platform unit peak power output and its rated power
Ratio;PD' for ship total load and power maximum generation machine rated power ratio;S2:Make iterations k=0;S3:
Initial temperature T is set0, temperature drop parameter alpha and initial point X(0)∈Ω;X(0)=Pjmin+(Pjmax-Pjmin) * rand (), j=
(1,2....8);S4:From the selected alternative point Z of the sensu lato field N (X (k)) of initial point(k);S5:It is P (k, f to set acceptance probability
(Z (k)), f (X (k))=min { 1, exp (- (f (Z (k))-f (X (k)))/Tk) if f (Z (k))≤f (X (k)), then P
The now X of (k, f (Z (k)), f (X (k)))=1(k+1)=Z(k), i.e., next iteration point is Z(k), but if f (Z (k))>f(X
(k)), then still there is certain probability so that X(k+1)=Z(k), this probability is exp (- (f (Z (k))-f (X (k)))/Tk);S6:With one
Individual record array is come the preferable solution obtained by recording during optimizing and applies to next iteration;S7:If meeting stopping rule, just
Stop iteration, otherwise make k=k+1, return to S3.
By the present invention, the load of each marine generator group of reasonable distribution, on the basis of safety of ship is ensured, compared to
The energy scheduling mode being commonly divided in portion, can seek the scheduling mode for taking and more optimizing in energy consumption.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of Contrast on effect of the Fig. 1 for the present invention under particular energy demand with traditional two kinds of scheduling modes.
Fig. 2 is algorithm flow chart of the invention.
Embodiment
Explanation is further explained to the present invention with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention provides a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method, special according to the energy consumption of generating set
Levy and its ratio of exerting oneself is scheduled, every generating set power output and its peak power ratio and every generator is specified
The combination seized the opportunity of the ratio of power and power maximum generation machine rated power is as feasible solution;Using the mode of simulated annealing come
Seek the relatively low globally optimal solution of energy consumption.In a kind of particular energy demand Imitating annealing SA and traditional two kinds of scheduling modes effect
Fruit contrasts, referring to Fig. 1.
The flow chart that the present invention is embodied is referring to Fig. 2.
Specifically include following steps:
◆ step 1
Set up the mathematical modeling of dynamic positioning ship energy management, it is assumed that need solve optimization problem be:
Minimize f(x) (1)
Subject to x∈Ω (2)
This problem concrete mathematical model is that dynamic positioning ship energy management optimized mathematical model includes object function peace treaty
Beam condition;It is minimum that object function includes fuel consumption;Constraints includes unit and handles constraint, unit Constraints of Equilibrium.
If the power output of every generator is PGj, the rated power of every generating set is Pj max, it is assumed that n-th generating
The power of the assembling unit is maximum, and rated power is Pn max, ship total load is PD, then make
Then energy management Optimized model concrete form is:
Wherein, PGFor the output general power and the ratio of the rated power of power maximum generation machine of generating set;F(PG) be
Generating set consumes the total amount of fuel;PjFor jth platform unit power output and the ratio P of its rated powerj' it is jth platform unit volume
Determine the ratio of power and power maximum generation machine rated power;aj、bj、cjFor jth platform unit fuel coefficient;PjminFor jth
The ratio of platform unit minimum output power and its rated power;PjmaxFor jth platform unit peak power output and its rated power
Ratio;PD' for ship total load and power maximum generation machine rated power ratio.
◆ step 2
Make iterations k=0.
◆ step 3
Initial temperature T is set simultaneously0, temperature drop parameter alpha and initial point X(0)∈Ω。
Method for annealing is referred in the present invention in order to obtain more preferable globally optimal solution, so higher initial temperature is needed, if
Put T0For 10000, it is 0.95 to set temperature drop parameter, and initial point utilizes generating random number, and specific implementation formula is as follows:
X(0)=Pjmin+(Pjmax-Pjmin) * rand (), j=(1,2....8) (8)
◆ step 4
From the selected alternative point Z of the sensu lato field N (X (k)) of initial point(k).
The selection scheme wherein alternatively put, original point X is defined as in the present invention by repeatedly test(0)Up and down 10%, tool
The formula of body embodiment is as follows:
Zjk=pow (- 1, rand () %2) * ((rand () %11) * 0.01*Pjmax), j=(1,2...8) (9)
If wherein Zjk<0, then by ZjkSet to 0;If Zjk>Pjmax, then by ZjkIt is set to Pjmax。
◆ step 5
Setting acceptance probability is P (k, f (Z (k)), f (X (k))=min { 1, exp (- (f (Z (k))-f (X (k)))/Tk)}
If f (Z (k))≤f (X (k)), then P (k, f (Z (k)), f (X (k)))=1 now X(k+1)=Z(k), i.e., next iteration point
For Z(k).But if f (Z (k))>F (X (k)), then still have certain probability so that X(k+1)=Z(k), this probability is exp (- (f (Z
(k))-f(X(k)))/Tk)。
Wherein the present invention sets cooling procedure to be classical index cooling procedure, i.e. Tk+1=Tk*α。
◆ step 6
In order to improve the computation rate of the algorithm, the present invention is iterated using a kind of mode for remembering excellent solution, specifically
Using a record array is come the preferable solution obtained by recording during optimizing and applies to next iteration, so as to seek preferably
Solution.If meeting stopping rule, just stop iteration.
◆ step 7
K=k+1 is made, step 3 is returned to.
The load of each marine generator group of reasonable distribution, on the basis of safety of ship is ensured, compared to commonly in proportion
The energy scheduling mode of distribution, can seek in energy consumption and take more optimal scheduling mode.
Specific method is exemplified below:
If energy management optimization is carried out to the dynamic positioning ship for being equipped with 8 diesel generating sets with the present invention, its
Power is shown in table 1
Unit rated power (KW) | 1250 | 2500 | 3750 | 5000 |
Quantity (platform) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Table 1
Units consumption characteristic is as follows:
0≤pj<0.25
S(pj(the p of)=2.9512j)3+187.866(pj)2+270.67Pj+289
0.25<pj<0.5
S(pj(the p of)=2.9572j-0.25)3+190.08(pj-0.25)2-176.184(pj-0.25)+233.12
0.5<pj<0.75
S(pj(the p of)=7.0041j-0.5)3+192.293(pj-0.5)2-80.591(pj-0.5)+201
0.75≤pj<0.85
S(pj)=- 1.4424 × 103(pj-0.75)3+197.546(pj-0.75)2+16.869(pj-0.75)+192.98
0.85≤pj<0.9
S(pj)=1.9401 × 103(pj-0.85)3+235.158(pj-0.85)2+13.10(pj-0.25)+195.2
0.9≤pj<1.0
S(pj(the p of)=67.134j-0.9)3+55.8598(pj-0.9)2+4.1427(pj-0.9)+195.51
1.0≤pj<1.1
S(pj(the p of)=67.134j-1.0)3+76.0(pj-1.0)2+17.328(pj-1.0)+195.55
Then marine generator group scheduling model is can determine that according to formula (3)-(7).
Work as PDDuring '=2, according to the dispatching method and the inventive method of current conventional marine generator group, each generating set
Power distribution is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
According to above-mentioned table 2, traditional marine generator dispatching method is divided to two kinds:First, it is preferential under the premise of ship load is met
Using the relatively low generator of power, for the operation under ensureing the security used without being fully loaded with, therefore use 90% is specified
Power replaces full work(output (can accordingly change the scale parameter according to actual conditions).
Under the premise of two meet ship load, required power is distributed into all generators by power proportions.The ship of the present invention
Oceangoing ship energy management method is to carry out power distribution based on simulated annealing (SA).
Ship commonly uses the dispatching method of marine generator group and the fuel consumption pair of the inventive method at present under different load
Than as shown in table 3:
Table 3
This it appears that inventive algorithm is being expired in the scheduling of dynamic positioning of vessels energy compared to normal dispatch mode
The reduction of fuel consumption under the identical thrust requirements of foot, has certain reality for the energy scheduling of the ocean platform of dynamic positioning
Meaning.
Above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all changes made according to technical solution of the present invention, produced function is made
During with scope without departing from technical solution of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:According to generating
The energy consumption characters and its ratio of exerting oneself of unit are scheduled, by every generating set power output and its peak power ratio and often
The combination of platform generator rating power and the product of the ratio of power maximum generation machine rated power is used as feasible solution;Utilize simulation
The mode of annealing seeks the globally optimal solution that energy consumption is relatively low.
2. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Specific bag
Include following steps:
S1:Set up the mathematical modeling of dynamic positioning ship energy management, it is assumed that need solve optimization problem be:
Minimize f(x) (1)
Subject to x∈Ω (2)
Dynamic positioning ship energy management optimized mathematical model includes object function and constraints;Object function disappears including fuel
Consumption is minimum;Constraints includes unit and handles constraint, unit Constraints of Equilibrium;
If the power output of every generator is PGj, the rated power of every generating set is Pj max, it is assumed that n-th generating set
Power is maximum, and rated power is Pn max, ship total load is PD, then make
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Wherein, PGFor the output general power and the ratio of the rated power of power maximum generation machine of generating set;F(PG) it is to generate electricity
Unit consumes the total amount of fuel;PjFor jth platform unit power output and the ratio P of its rated powerj' it is the specified work(of jth platform unit
Rate and the ratio of power maximum generation machine rated power;aj、bj、cjFor jth platform unit fuel coefficient;PjminFor jth platform machine
The ratio of group minimum output power and its rated power;PjmaxFor jth platform unit peak power output and the ratio of its rated power
Value;PD' for ship total load and power maximum generation machine rated power ratio;
S2:Make iterations k=0;
S3:Initial temperature T is set0, temperature drop parameter alpha and initial point X(0)∈Ω;
X(0)=Pjmin+(Pjmax-Pjmin) * rand (), j=(1,2....8);
S4:From the sensu lato field N of initial point (X(k)) selected alternative point Z(k);
S5:Setting acceptance probability be P (k, f (Z(k)),f(X(k))=min 1, exp (- (f (Z(k))-f(X(k)))/Tk) if f
(Z(k))≤f(X(k)), then P (k, f (Z(k)),f(X(k)))=1 now X(k+1)=Z(k), i.e., next iteration point is Z(k), still
If f (Z(k))>f(X(k)), then still there is certain probability so that X(k+1)=Z(k), this probability be exp (- (f (Z(k))-f(X(k)))/
Tk);
S6:With a record array is come the preferable solution obtained by recording during optimizing and applies to next iteration;
S7:If meeting stopping rule, just stop iteration, otherwise make k=k+1, return to S3.
3. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:S3 is set
T0For 10000, it is 0.95 to set temperature drop parameter alpha, and initial point utilizes generating random number.
4. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:It is standby in S4
Reconnaissance is original point X(0)Up and down 10%, i.e.,
Zjk=pow (- 1, rand () %2) * ((rand () %11) * 0.01*Pjmax), j=(1,2...8) (9)
If wherein Zjk<0, then by ZjkSet to 0;If Zjk>Pjmax, then by ZjkIt is set to Pjmax。
5. dynamic positioning ocean platform multiple generator group scheduling method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Set in S5
It is classical index cooling procedure, i.e. T to put cooling procedurek+1=Tk*α。
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CN108255062A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-06 | 集美大学 | The energy saving thrust distribution method of dynamic positioning based on improved differential evolution mechanism |
CN110705791A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | NSGA-II-based ocean platform multi-objective scheduling optimization method |
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