CN107210437A - 正极活性物质及其制备方法 - Google Patents
正极活性物质及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107210437A CN107210437A CN201580071886.1A CN201580071886A CN107210437A CN 107210437 A CN107210437 A CN 107210437A CN 201580071886 A CN201580071886 A CN 201580071886A CN 107210437 A CN107210437 A CN 107210437A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- positive active
- preparation
- material according
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium nitrate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010092 LiAlO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000091 aluminium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910016482 Ni0.4Co0.2Mn0.4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/043—Lithium aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
- C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种正极活性物质及其制备方法,更具体地说,涉及一种由于Al化合物与残留锂反应而在表面包含LiAlO2的正极活性物质及其制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种正极活性物质及其制备方法,更具体地说,涉及一种由于Al化合物与残留锂反应而在表面包含LiAlO2的正极活性物质及其制备方法。
背景技术
制备锂复合氧化物的方法,通常包括制备过渡金属前驱体,将所述过渡金属前驱体和锂化合物混合后,烧成所述混合物的阶段。
这时,使用LiOH和/或Li2CO3作为所述锂化合物。通常,当正极活性物质的Ni含量为65%或以下时,使用Li2CO3,当Ni含量为65%或以上时,由于是低温反应,所以优选使用LiOH。但是,由于Ni含量为65%或以上的富镍***(Ni rich system)是低温反应,因此存在一些问题,如以LiOH、Li2CO3形式存在于正极活性物质表面的残留锂量较高。这种残留锂,即未反应的LiOH及Li2CO3在电池内与电解液等反应从而导致气体产生及膨胀(swelling)现象,因此引起高温安全性严重下降的问题。另外,未反应的LiOH由于在极板制造前与浆料混合时黏度高,所以会引起凝胶化。
为了去除这些未反应的Li,通常引入洗涤工序,但在洗涤时,正极活性物质表面发生损伤,使容量和率特性下降,另外在高温储存时引起阻抗增加。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的是提供一种既能去除未反应的Li,又能提高寿命特性、高温储存特性及粒子强度的新的正极活性物质及其制备方法。
技术方案
为了解决上述课题,本发明提供一种在其表面包含LiAlO2的正极活性物质。
本发明的正极活性物质,其特征在于,所包含的LiAlO2在XRD中在2θ为45°至46°处显示峰。
本发明的正极活性物质,其特征在于,该正极活性物质由下述化学式1表示:
[化学式1]Li1+aNibMcMdO2
(在所述化学式1中,0.95≥b≥0.75,a+b+c=1,M1为选自由Co、B、Ba、Cr、F、Li、Mo、P、Sr、Ti及Zr组成的组中的任意一种或以上,M2为选自由Mn、Al、B、Ba、Cr、F、Li、Mo、P、Sr、Ti及Zr组成的组中的任意一种或以上。)。
本发明的正极活性物质,其特征在于,残留锂为0.6wt%或以下。
本发明的正极活性物质,其特征在于,粒子强度为150MPa或以上。
另外,本发明提供一种本发明的正极活性物质的制备方法,包括以下阶段:
第1阶段,准备正极活性物质;及
第2阶段,将含Al的化合物与所述正极活性物质混合,并搅拌。
本发明的正极活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述含Al的化合物选自由Al(OH)3、Al2O3、Al(NO3)3、Al2(SO4)3、AlCl3、AlH3、AlF3及AlPO4等组成的组中。
本发明的正极活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于,在所述第1阶段和第2阶段之间,还包括以下阶段:
第1-1阶段,在保持温度恒定的同时准备洗涤溶液;
第1-2阶段,向所述洗涤溶液中加入正极活性物质,进行搅拌;
第1-3阶段,干燥洗涤的正极活性物质。
本发明的正极活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述洗涤溶液为蒸馏水或碱性水溶液。
本发明的正极活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于,在所述干燥阶段中,在干燥温度80~200℃、干燥时间5~20小时条件下,进行真空干燥。
技术效果
本发明的正极活性物质通过用铝掺杂,使得存在于表面的残留锂与铝反应后以LiAlO2形式存在,因此不但能够减少残留锂,而且增加粒子强度。
附图说明
图1表示本发明一实施例及比较例中制备的活性物质的XRD测量结果。
图2表示本发明一实施例及比较例中制备的活性物质的粒子强度的测量结果。
图3及图4表示本发明一实施例及比较例中制备的活性物质的残留锂量的测量结果。
图5表示包括本发明一实施例及比较例中制备的活性物质的电池的寿命特性的测量结果。
图6表示包括本发明一实施例及比较例中制备的活性物质的电池的高温储存特性的测量结果。
具体实施方式
下面根据实施例更具体地说明本发明。但是,本发明并不限定于以下实施例。
<实施例>对具有浓度梯度的正极活性物质的涂层处理
向间歇式反应器(batch reactor)(70L容量,旋转马达的功率为80W以上)中加入20L蒸馏水和840g耦合剂氨后,将反应器内温度保持在50℃,并且以400rpm的马达速度进行搅拌。
作为第2阶段,将硫酸镍、硫酸钴、硫酸锰按9:1:0摩尔比比例混合而成的2.5M浓度的第一前驱体水溶液以2.2L/小时,而28%浓度的氨水溶液以0.15L/小时连续投入到反应器中。另外,为了调整pH,供给25%浓度的氢氧化钠水溶液,使pH保持在11。叶轮速度调节至400rpm。向反应器中连续投入所配制的第一前驱体水溶液和氨溶液、氢氧化钠溶液,投入总量为27L。
然后,作为第3阶段,配制硫酸镍、硫酸钴、硫酸锰按65:15:20摩尔比比例混合而成的2.5M浓度的浓度梯度层形成用水溶液,固定量取10L的第一前驱体水溶液,即在上述第2阶段中制备的硫酸镍、硫酸钴、硫酸锰按9:1:0摩尔比比例混合而成的2.5M浓度的水溶液于另一搅拌器后,将浓度梯度层形成用水溶液以2.2L/小时速率投入并搅拌,配制成第二前驱体水溶液,与此同时将其导入上述间歇式反应器(batch reactor)中。混合上述浓度梯度层形成用水溶液,直至上述第二前驱体水溶液中的硫酸镍、硫酸钴及硫酸锰的摩尔比达到4:2:4即壳层的浓度,并导入反应器(batch reactor)中,而28%浓度的氨水溶液以0.08L/小时的速率投入,并且投入氢氧化钠溶液使pH保持在11。这时,第二前驱体水溶液和氨溶液、氢氧化钠溶液的投入总量为17L。
然后,作为第4阶段,将硫酸镍、硫酸钴、硫酸锰按4:2:4摩尔比比例混合而成的第三前驱体水溶液投入间歇式反应器(batch reactor)中,直至体积达5L,反应结束后,从间歇式反应器(batch reactor)中得到球形镍锰钴复合氢氧化物沉淀。
将所沉淀的复合金属氢氧化物过滤,并用水洗涤后,在110℃的热风干燥机中干燥12小时,得到金属复合氧化物形式的前驱体粉末,其内芯层由(Ni0.9Co0.1)(OH)2组成,外壳层从(Ni0.9Co0.1)(OH)2至(Ni0.4Co0.2Mn0.4)(OH)2具有连续浓度梯度。
将上述金属复合氢氧化物和氢氧化锂(LiOH)按1:1.02的摩尔比混合后,以2℃/min的升温速率加热,并在750℃下烧成20小时,得到正极活性物质粉末,其内芯层由Li(Ni0.9Co0.1)O2组成,外壳层从Li(Ni0.9Co0.1)O2至Li(Ni0.4Co0.2Mn0.4)O2具有连续浓度梯度。
将正极活性物质与Al化合物进行干式或湿式涂层后,在720℃下进行热处理。
<实施例>NCA粒子的合成
为了制备NCA系列的正极活性物质,先通过共沉淀反应制备NiCo(OH)2前驱体。将上述金属复合氢氧化物和氢氧化锂按1:1.02的摩尔比混合后,以2℃/min的升温速率加热,并在750℃下烧成20小时,得到正极活性物质粉末。
将正极活性物质与Al化合物进行干式或湿式涂层后,在720℃下进行热处理。
[表]
<试验例>XRD特性的测量
测量上述实施例2及比较例6中制备的活性物质的XRD,结果示于图1。
从图1可以看出,本发明的实施例2中制备的粒子与比较例的粒子不同,在45°至46°处观察到峰。
<试验例>粒子强度的测量
测量上述实施例10及比较例6中制备的活性物质的粒子强度,结果示于图2。
从图2可以看出,本发明的实施例2中制备的粒子与比较例的粒子相比,粒子强度得到20%左右的改善。
<试验例>未反应锂的测量
测量未反应的锂是由通过pH滴定直至pH达到4时的0.1M的HCl使用量进行测量。首先,将5g正极活性物质加入100ml的DIW中,搅拌15分钟后,过滤,取50ml过滤溶液后,向其中加入0.1M的HCl,测量根据pH变化的HCl消耗量,以决定Q1、Q2,按下述计算式计算未反应的LiOH及Li2CO3。
M1=23.94(LiOH分子量)
M2=73.89(Li2CO3分子量)
SPL尺寸=(样品重量×溶液重量)/水重量
LiOH(wt%)=[(Q1-Q2)×C×M1×100]/(SPL尺寸×1000)
Li2CO3(wt%)=[2×Q2×C×M2/2×100]/(SPL尺寸×1000)
采用如上的方法,测量上述实施例及比较例中制备的NCA系列锂复合氧化物中的未反应的LiOH及Li2CO3的浓度,结果如下表2及图3。
[表2]
在图3中,比较例4的残留锂的测量值较高,因为没有进行洗涤或表面处理,而进行铝化合物涂层之后热处理的实施例7与比较例4相比,残留锂得到减少。
另外,在图3中,作为浓度梯度型NCM正极活性物质在进行铝化合物涂层之后热处理的实施例3与没有进行后处理的比较例2相比,残留锂得到改善。
<试验例>充放电特性评价
使用上述实施例及比较例中制备的正极活性物质作为正极,使用锂金属作为负极以制造各个硬币电池,以C/10充电及C/10放电速度(1C=150mA/g)在3~4.3V之间进行充放电试验,结果示于图5及上表2及图4。
从图4可以看出,洗涤之后进行Al涂层的实施例的寿命特性优异。在图4中,比较例3和比较例5分别是进行洗涤的浓度梯度型NCM正极活性物质和NCA正极活性物质。洗涤之后进行铝涂层的作为浓度梯度型NCM的实施例5和作为NCA的实施例8,寿命特性得到了提高。
<试验例>高温储存前后阻抗的测量结果
测量具有连续浓度梯度的NCM系正极活性物质即实施例3的高温储存前后的阻抗,结果示于表2及图5。
从图5中,可以确认,与没有进行洗涤及表面处理的比较例2相比,在施加Al化合物涂层之后热处理的实施例3的储存前、后的阻抗下降。
产业上的可利用性
本发明涉及一种在其表面包含LiAlO2的正极活性物质及其制备方法,正极活性物质通过用铝掺杂,使得存在于表面的残留锂与铝反应后以LiAlO2形式存在,因此不但能够减少残留锂,而且增加粒子强度,从这点看可以说本发明非常有用。
Claims (10)
1.一种在其表面包含LiAlO2的正极活性物质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的正极活性物质,其中,所包含的LiAlO2在XRD中在2θ为45°至46°处显示峰。
3.根据权利要求1所述的正极活性物质,其中,该正极活性物质由下述化学式1表示:
[化学式1]Li1+aNibMcMdO2
(在所述化学式1中,0.95≥b≥0.75,a+b+c=1,M1为选自由Co、B、Ba、Cr、F、Li、Mo、P、Sr、Ti及Zr组成的组中的任意一种或以上,M2为选自由Mn、Al、B、Ba、Cr、F、Li、Mo、P、Sr、Ti及Zr组成的组中的任意一种或以上。)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的正极活性物质,其特征在于,所述正极活性物质的残留锂为0.6wt%或以下。
5.根据权利要求1所述的正极活性物质,其特征在于,粒子强度为150MPa或以上。
6.一种根据权利要求1所述的正极活性物质的制备方法,包括以下阶段:
第1阶段,准备正极活性物质;及
第2阶段,将含Al的化合物与所述正极活性物质混合,并搅拌。
7.根据权利要求6所述的正极活性物质的制备方法,其中,所述含Al的化合物选自由Al(OH)3、Al2O3、Al(NO3)3、Al2(SO4)3、AlCl3、AlH3、AlF3及AlPO4等组成的组中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的正极活性物质的制备方法,其中,在所述第1阶段和第2阶段之间,还包括以下阶段:
第1-1阶段,在保持温度恒定的同时准备洗涤溶液;
第1-2阶段,向所述洗涤溶液中加入正极活性物质,进行搅拌;
第1-3阶段,干燥洗涤的正极活性物质。
9.根据权利要求8所述的正极活性物质的制备方法,其中,所述洗涤溶液为蒸馏水或碱性水溶液。
10.根据权利要求8所述的正极活性物质的制备方法,其中,在所述干燥阶段中,在干燥温度80~200℃、干燥时间5~20小时条件下,进行真空干燥。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111286363.2A CN113991119A (zh) | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-24 | 正极活性物质及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2014-0195504 | 2014-12-31 | ||
KR1020140195504A KR20160081545A (ko) | 2014-12-31 | 2014-12-31 | 양극활물질 및 이의 제조 방법 |
PCT/KR2015/007719 WO2016108376A1 (ko) | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-24 | 양극활물질 및 이의 제조 방법 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111286363.2A Division CN113991119A (zh) | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-24 | 正极活性物质及其制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107210437A true CN107210437A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
CN107210437B CN107210437B (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
Family
ID=56284500
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111286363.2A Pending CN113991119A (zh) | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-24 | 正极活性物质及其制备方法 |
CN201580071886.1A Active CN107210437B (zh) | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-24 | 正极活性物质及其制备方法 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111286363.2A Pending CN113991119A (zh) | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-24 | 正极活性物质及其制备方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10483537B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3242350A4 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP2018506141A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20160081545A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN113991119A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016108376A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108539250A (zh) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉艾特米克超能新材料科技有限公司 | 一种全固态锂电池及其制备方法 |
CN113264560A (zh) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-17 | 青海师范大学 | 一种双重包覆ncm811正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN113629247A (zh) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-09 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | 钴酸锂正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115215379A (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2022-10-21 | Ecopro Bm 有限公司 | 锂复合氧化物及其制造方法 |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20180056310A (ko) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 복합양극활물질, 이를 채용한 양극과 리튬전지 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101941869B1 (ko) * | 2017-02-21 | 2019-01-24 | 동아대학교 산학협력단 | 양극활물질의 잔류 리튬 제어방법 |
JP6903742B2 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2021-07-14 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質 |
WO2019044337A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び該正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 |
EP3678232B1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2024-04-03 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, production method therefor, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using said positive electrode active material |
EP4372843A2 (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2024-05-22 | LG Energy Solution, Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for secondary battery, method of preparing the same, and lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode active material |
KR102533811B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-03 | 2023-05-19 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 이를 포함하는 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
EP3994746A1 (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-05-11 | Umicore | Lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide as a positive electrode active material for rechargeable lithium ion batteries |
KR20220031917A (ko) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-03-14 | 유미코아 | 재충전 가능한 리튬 이온 배터리용 양극 활물질로서의 리튬 니켈 망간 코발트 복합 산화물 |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101047246A (zh) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-03 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 二次电池的正电极活性材料以及二次电池 |
KR20090013661A (ko) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | 주식회사 엘 앤 에프 | 신규 양극 활물질 |
US20090081550A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Toshihiro Inoue | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for producing the same |
JP2010129471A (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-10 | Sony Corp | 正極活物質および非水電解質電池 |
CN102646826A (zh) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-08-22 | 甘肃大象能源科技有限公司 | 一种核-壳型锰酸锂复合正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN102832389A (zh) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-19 | 湖南长远锂科有限公司 | 表面改性的锂离子电池高镍正极活性材料及其制备方法 |
JP2013065468A (ja) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-04-11 | Panasonic Corp | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
CN103515606A (zh) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 高能量密度锂离子电池氧化物正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN103606671A (zh) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-02-26 | 湖南杉杉新材料有限公司 | 一种高容量动力型富镍锂离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN104091918A (zh) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-08 | 中信国安盟固利电源技术有限公司 | 锂离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN104241636A (zh) * | 2014-10-20 | 2014-12-24 | 上海空间电源研究所 | 一种表面包覆LiAlO2的锂离子电池锰系正极材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4061586B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-11 | 2008-03-19 | ソニー株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びそれを用いた非水電解質二次電池 |
JP5490458B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-13 | 2014-05-14 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法及びリチウム二次電池 |
US20120003541A1 (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Positive active material for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery using the same |
KR102157479B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-29 | 2020-10-23 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극활물질 |
KR101194911B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-10-25 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차 전지용 전극활물질 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101683212B1 (ko) * | 2012-02-07 | 2016-12-06 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지의 제조 방법 |
JP5871186B2 (ja) | 2012-03-01 | 2016-03-01 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 非水電解質二次電池用活物質、その活物質の製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用電極及び非水電解質二次電池 |
JP5897356B2 (ja) | 2012-03-01 | 2016-03-30 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
EP2833446B1 (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2017-08-23 | IUCF-HYU (Industry-University Cooperation Foundation Hanyang University) | Method for preparing cathode active material precursor for lithium secondary battery and cathode active material precursor for lithium secondary battery prepared thereby |
KR102067764B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-29 | 2020-01-20 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 리튬 전지용 양극 및 이를 이용한 리튬 전지 |
-
2014
- 2014-12-31 KR KR1020140195504A patent/KR20160081545A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2015
- 2015-07-24 CN CN202111286363.2A patent/CN113991119A/zh active Pending
- 2015-07-24 WO PCT/KR2015/007719 patent/WO2016108376A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2015-07-24 JP JP2017533201A patent/JP2018506141A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-24 CN CN201580071886.1A patent/CN107210437B/zh active Active
- 2015-07-24 EP EP15875470.5A patent/EP3242350A4/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-06-27 US US15/634,330 patent/US10483537B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 JP JP2020130334A patent/JP7433162B2/ja active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-30 JP JP2022157370A patent/JP2022191312A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101047246A (zh) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-03 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 二次电池的正电极活性材料以及二次电池 |
KR20090013661A (ko) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | 주식회사 엘 앤 에프 | 신규 양극 활물질 |
US20090081550A1 (en) * | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | Toshihiro Inoue | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for producing the same |
JP2010129471A (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-10 | Sony Corp | 正極活物質および非水電解質電池 |
JP2013065468A (ja) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-04-11 | Panasonic Corp | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
CN102646826A (zh) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-08-22 | 甘肃大象能源科技有限公司 | 一种核-壳型锰酸锂复合正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN103515606A (zh) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-15 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 高能量密度锂离子电池氧化物正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN102832389A (zh) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-12-19 | 湖南长远锂科有限公司 | 表面改性的锂离子电池高镍正极活性材料及其制备方法 |
CN103606671A (zh) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-02-26 | 湖南杉杉新材料有限公司 | 一种高容量动力型富镍锂离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN104091918A (zh) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-08 | 中信国安盟固利电源技术有限公司 | 锂离子电池正极材料及其制备方法 |
CN104241636A (zh) * | 2014-10-20 | 2014-12-24 | 上海空间电源研究所 | 一种表面包覆LiAlO2的锂离子电池锰系正极材料及其制备方法 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115215379A (zh) * | 2017-11-23 | 2022-10-21 | Ecopro Bm 有限公司 | 锂复合氧化物及其制造方法 |
CN108539250A (zh) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉艾特米克超能新材料科技有限公司 | 一种全固态锂电池及其制备方法 |
CN113629247A (zh) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-09 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | 钴酸锂正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2021223635A1 (zh) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-11 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | 钴酸锂正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113629247B (zh) * | 2020-05-08 | 2023-04-07 | 北京当升材料科技股份有限公司 | 钴酸锂正极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113264560A (zh) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-17 | 青海师范大学 | 一种双重包覆ncm811正极材料及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113991119A (zh) | 2022-01-28 |
US20170294651A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
KR20160081545A (ko) | 2016-07-08 |
JP2018506141A (ja) | 2018-03-01 |
JP7433162B2 (ja) | 2024-02-19 |
US10483537B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
WO2016108376A1 (ko) | 2016-07-07 |
EP3242350A1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
CN107210437B (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
JP2020184549A (ja) | 2020-11-12 |
JP2022191312A (ja) | 2022-12-27 |
EP3242350A4 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107210437A (zh) | 正极活性物质及其制备方法 | |
CN106299352B (zh) | 二次锂电池正极材料的制备方法 | |
KR101562722B1 (ko) | 재충전 전지용 유리 코팅된 캐소드 분말 | |
Zhang et al. | Understanding the role of Mg-doped on core-shell structured layered oxide LiNi0. 6Co0. 2Mn0. 2O2 | |
JP5928445B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用の正極活物質およびその製造方法 | |
CN108023078A (zh) | 一种单晶形貌高镍三元正极材料及其制备方法 | |
CN108473338B (zh) | 镀钴前体的制造方法,通过上述方法制造的镀钴前体及利用上述前体制造的阴极活性物质 | |
Chen et al. | Controlled synthesis of spherical hierarchical LiNi1− x− yCoxAlyO2 (0< x, y< 0.2) via a novel cation exchange process as cathode materials for High-Performance Lithium Batteries | |
JP2008066019A (ja) | 電極材料の製造方法、リチウムの回収方法、正極材料及び電極並びに電池 | |
WO2012020769A1 (ja) | ニッケル含有複合化合物の製造方法 | |
Zhang et al. | Improved cycling performance of Li2MoO4-inlaid LiNi0. 5Co0. 2Mn0. 3O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion battery under high cutoff voltage | |
WO2019113870A1 (zh) | 一种富锂锰基材料及其制备和应用 | |
CN104649336B (zh) | 一种球形镍钴铝氢氧化物前驱体的制备方法 | |
KR20090012162A (ko) | 리튬 철 인계 복합 산화물 탄소 복합체의 제조 방법 및리튬, 철 및 인을 포함하는 공침체의 제조 방법 | |
Li et al. | Effect of precursor structures on the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich LiNi0. 88Co0. 12O2 cathode materials | |
JP2019503551A (ja) | 正極活物質の製造方法及びこれによって製造された正極活物質 | |
CN107112516A (zh) | 制备呈现浓度梯度的锂二次电池用正极活性物质前驱体及正极活性物质的方法、及由此制备的呈现浓度梯度的锂二次电池用正极活性物质前驱体及正极活性物质 | |
CN111952562A (zh) | 一种LiZr2(PO4)3包覆的富锂材料的制备方法 | |
JP6168538B2 (ja) | 溶液含浸した多孔性チタン化合物を用いたチタン酸化物の製造方法 | |
CN102867953A (zh) | 用氢氧化物或羟基氧化物生产锂离子电池正极材料的方法 | |
You et al. | Surface-reinforced NCM811 with enhanced electrochemical performance for Li-ion batteries | |
CN113488620A (zh) | 三元正极前驱体及其制备方法、三元正极材料及其制备方法、锂离子电池 | |
KR20190132306A (ko) | 양극활물질 및 이의 제조 방법 | |
WO2024060548A1 (zh) | 一种铁包覆硼掺杂的高镍正极材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
KR102267160B1 (ko) | 양극활물질 및 이의 제조 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |