CN107201483A - A kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod - Google Patents
A kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN107201483A CN107201483A CN201710303366.XA CN201710303366A CN107201483A CN 107201483 A CN107201483 A CN 107201483A CN 201710303366 A CN201710303366 A CN 201710303366A CN 107201483 A CN107201483 A CN 107201483A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod, it is characterised in that:Chemical element includes C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, V, N, Mo, Ni, Fe in non-hardened and tempered steel, and element mass percent is C:0.42 0.50%, Si:0.40 0.70%, Mn:0.90 1.20%, P≤0.020%, S:0.045 0.075%, Cr:≤ 0.20%, V:0.10 0.20%, N:0.010 0.020%, Ni≤0.2%, Mo≤0.10%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and element mass percent is about 96.80 98.10%;The mechanical performance data requirement of the non-hardened and tempered steel is steel after 1250 DEG C are forged into Φ 30mm coupon air coolings:RP0.2>=700MPa, Rm >=1000MPa, A >=10%, Z >=25%.It is after changing forging, and intensity rank has good obdurability, swollen disconnected performance and machine additivity energy concurrently, higher fatigue safety coefficient is possessed with the fractured connecting rod produced manufactured by the material more than 1000MPa, thus has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod, category automotive high intensity Steel material technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Since the 1980s, non-hardened and tempered steel is fast-developing in China's automotive material industry, at present, with
C70S6 series is that application of the non-hardened and tempered steel material of representative in motorcar engine fractured connecting rod is more popularized, and this is also one
Plant has wide variety of ferrite-pearlite type non-hardened and tempered steel in the world.General requirement of the fractured connecting rod to material
It is that there is higher intensity, certain toughness, less plastic deformation the need for meeting swollen fracture solution, has additionally been needed good
Good machine additivity energy and excellent fatigue behaviour.But found through a large amount of produce reality situations, domestic C70S6 series materials
Swollen disconnected performance, machine additivity energy etc. still have room for improvement.
The proposition of raising and light-weight design requirement with engine flare pressure, 900MPa grades of design strength
C70S6 series non-hardened and tempered steels can not meet requirements, reduce carbon content, increase Mn, Si, 1000MPa levels of V content and higher
The non-hardened and tempered steel of intensity rank turns into trend, and has extremely wide application prospect.
The serial non-hardened and tempered steels of 36MnVS4 are thereby produced, this material has lower carbon content compared with C70S6, higher
Mn, Si, V content, but the ferrite content of the material is also higher compared with C70S6, therefore plasticity is higher, and during swollen break, connecting rod
Major part is also easy to produce aximal deformation value.
Chinese patent literature CN104962840A(2015.10.07 it is open)In disclose a kind of swollen disconnection of automobile engine
Bar steel, its chemical element mass percent is:C:0.40 ~ 0.50%, Si:0.60 ~ 0.80%, Mn:1.10 ~ 1.30%, P≤
0.050%, S:0.030 ~ 0.050%, Cr:0.10 ~ 0.20%, V:0.15 ~ 0.25%, N:0.0150 ~ 0.0250%, remaining is iron
Be inevitably mingled with.In addition it is also mentioned that the related mechanical performance data of the connecting rod steel:Rel >=800MPa, Rm >=
1100MPa, A >=10%, Z >=20%.Material S contents are relatively low, are unfavorable for connecting rod machining sequence, especially tapping chip breaking etc..
Chinese patent literature CN 101892424A(2010.11.24 it is open)In to disclose carbon during a kind of fractured connecting rod is used non-
Quenched and tempered steel, C:0.35-0.55%, Si:0.40 ~ 0.80%, Mn:0.80 ~ 1.50%, P:0.04 ~ 0.15%, S:0.03 ~ 0.10%, Cr:
0.10 ~ 0.50%, V:0.05 ~ 0.25%, B:0.0005~0.006%,Ti:0.01 ~ 0.10%, Al:0.005~0.05%,N:0.005-
0.020%, RE:0.005 ~ 0.04%, remaining is iron and is inevitably mingled with that C, P, B content also need to meet Fragility parameters relation
Formula:The 50B (%)≤1.0 of 0.60≤C (%), ten 3P (%) ten.In addition it is also mentioned that the connecting rod is suitable for manufacturing tensile strength with steel
More than 900MPa fractured connecting rod.The material P content is higher, and P is used as harmful element in steel, although reduction austenite grain boundary intensity
And make ferritic phase solution strengthening, but it increases cold brittleness, can significantly reduce the toughness and plasticity of steel;Ferrite type-pearlite
Type non-hardened and tempered steel feature is that intensity is had a surplus and toughness is not enough, therefore, it is necessary to ensure obdurability;P content, which is improved, can also increase smelting
Difficulty, improves cost.
Chinese patent literature CN 103266287A(2013.08.28 it is open)In disclose a kind of middle carbon ferritic-pearly-lustre
Build non-hardened and tempered steel and its manufacture method, C:0.35 ~ 0.43%, Si:0.30 ~ 0.80%, Mn:1.00 ~ 1.60%, P:≤ 0.035%,
S:0.040 ~ 0.075%, Cr:0.10 ~ 0.30%, V:0.06 ~ 0.20%, Ni:0.10~0.30%, Alt:0.010~0.060%,
N: 100~200×10-4%, remaining is iron and is inevitably mingled with.In addition the above-mentioned pearlite of middle carbon ferritic one is also referred to
The manufacture method of type non-hardened and tempered steel.The material is relatively low due to phosphorus content, and the ferrite content in tissue is higher, and plasticity is higher,
It is unfavorable for the realization of connecting rod bulge-breaking process to a certain extent, and swollen disconnected process may cause major part deflection larger, and processing is remaining
Amount is big.
It is ferrite-pearly-lustre for non-hardened and tempered steel material disclosed in patent document 1, patent document 2 and patent document 3
Build non-hardened and tempered steel, describe only material self character literature content more, do not consider the control cold technique of forging control after material forging and
Connecting rod simulates fatigue behaviour during actual condition, and fatigue behaviour is the important indicator of connecting rod, the controlled cold process conditions of forging control,
It is also the key factor that light-weight design considers;Material self character can not reflect product under arms completely during property
Can, also need to combine the reasonability that forging fatigue behaviour illustrates material composition design.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod, it is after changing forging, intensity
Rank has good obdurability, swollen disconnected performance and machine additivity energy concurrently more than 1000MPa, swollen with what is produced manufactured by the material
Cracking connecting rod possesses higher fatigue safety coefficient, thus has a good application prospect.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:A kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod, it is special
Levy and be:Chemical element includes C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, V, N, Mo, Ni, Fe in non-hardened and tempered steel, and element mass percent is C:
0.42-0.50%, Si:0.40-0.70%, Mn:0.90-1.20%, P≤0.020%, S:0.045-0.075%, Cr:≤ 0.20%,
V:0.10-0.20%, N:0.010-0.020%, Ni≤0.2%, Mo≤0.10%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, member
Plain mass percent is about 96.80-98.10%;The mechanical performance data requirement of the non-hardened and tempered steel is forged into for steel at 1250 DEG C
After Φ 30mm coupon air coolings:RP0.2>=700MPa, Rm >=1000MPa, A >=10%, Z >=25%.
C:Common intensified element in steel, in the range of sub-eutectoid steel, it is desirable to which content is less than 0.67%.Ferrite content exists
Between 10% ~ 20%, C element content should be controlled in the range of 0.42-0.50%.
Mn:In middle carbon Mn-V systems non-hardened and tempered steel, Mn content in increase steel, its impact toughness is also improved therewith, Mn contents
In the range of 0.90-1.20%, replace a part of Cr invigoration effect.
S:Control sulfur content 0.045-0.075%.
P:It is required that P content control is below 0.020.
Si:By the control of Si constituent contents between 0.40-0.70%.
Cr:Middle carbide, the Cr of austenite is dissolved in during heating can improve the quenching degree of steel.Cr controls in steel
System is below 0.2%.
V:Carbide, is mainly manifested in Deformation recrystallization and the prevention for suppressing austenite in hot procedure
Its crystal grain is grown up.Raised with austenitizing temperature, V(C、N)Meltage increase in austenite, is controlled cold in subsequent control forging
During, tiny V(C、N)Amount of precipitation also increases, and V content is controlled between 0.1% ~ 0.2%.
Ni:Non-carbide formation element, is solid-solution in steel, can improve quenching degree and reduce eutectoid point C content, Ni elements
Content is below 0.2%.
Mo:, Mo is carbide, and a small amount of Mo can improve the quenching degree of steel, retains residual elements.
The positive effect of the present invention is that it is controlled by reasonable C content, its ferrite content is maintained at less than 20%;It is logical
Precipitation strength effect and the V Grain refinement of the elements such as Mn, Cr are crossed, higher obdurability and fatigue safety system is made it have
Number;S constituent contents are properly increased again, it is ensured that be easy to swollen fracture solution while machinability.Pass through rationally matching somebody with somebody for each element
Than making the steel grade disclosure satisfy that performance of the connection rod of automobile engine in terms of lightweight, fatigue, swollen fracture solution, machining
It is required that.
The high intensity motorcar engine connecting rod non-hardened and tempered steel is smelted using technical solution of the present invention, forging is changed through 1250 DEG C
And after air cooling, tested for tensile strength reaches more than 1000MPa.Plan this materials application in certain model connecting rod, lightweight can be carried out
Design.CAE analysis is carried out to the connecting rod after light-weight design, small end of connecting rod can not now be met using intrinsic C70S6 materials
The high cycle fatigue safety coefficient at the positions such as knuckle, shaft, and use non-hardened and tempered steel material of the present invention, then it can meet
It is required that.
Finished product trial-production is carried out to lightweight connecting rod, using non-hardened and tempered steel material of the present invention, swollen disconnected cracking performance and
Machine additivity can show excellent.By enterprise mark A08 CBD-119-2010《Fatigue Test Method of Engine Connecting Rod》To above-mentioned two
Plant connecting rod and carry out experiment on fatigue properties, it is as a result as follows:Before light-weight design, using C70S6 non-hardened and tempered steel materials, its fatigue safety
Coefficient is 1.77;After light-weight design, using non-hardened and tempered steel material of the present invention, its fatigue safety coefficient reaches 1.83,
Finished connecting rod declines about 20% compared with the former weight.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the bar linkage structure schematic diagram before heretofore described light-weight design.
Fig. 2 is the bar linkage structure schematic diagram after heretofore described light-weight design.
Embodiment
A kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod, it is characterised in that:Chemical element includes in non-hardened and tempered steel
C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, V, N, Mo, Ni, Fe, element mass percent are C:0.42-0.50%, Si:0.40-0.70%, Mn:
0.90-1.20%, P≤0.020%, S:0.045-0.075%, Cr:≤ 0.20%, V:0.10-0.20%, N:0.010-0.020%,
Ni≤0.2%, Mo≤0.10%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and element mass percent is about 96.80-98.10%(Its
His percentage of element description is clear and definite, but the ratio of Fe and impurity is unclear, please be to a span);The power of the non-hardened and tempered steel
Learn performance data and require to be steel after 1250 DEG C are forged into Φ 30mm coupon air coolings:RP0.2>=700MPa, Rm >=1000MPa, A
>=10%, Z >=25%.
C:Common intensified element in steel, in the range of sub-eutectoid steel, it is desirable to which content is less than 0.67%.C element content influences
Ferrite content in steel, ferrite has good plasticity and toughness, but intensity and hardness are all very low, to ensure invention steel grade
Obdurability, makes ferrite content between 10% ~ 20%, and C element content should be controlled in the range of 0.42-0.50%.
Mn:It is the content of manganese in critically important alloy element and weak carbide formation element, increase non-hardened and tempered steel, will drops
The phase transition temperature of low steel, makes its pearlite colony become tiny, and reduces the piece spacing of pearlite, also makes cementite in pearlite
The thickness of piece is thinned, thus can effectively improve the toughness of steel.In middle carbon Mn-V systems non-hardened and tempered steel, Mn content in increase steel,
Its impact toughness is also improved therewith, and present invention control Mn contents are higher, in the range of 0.90-1.20%, may replace a part of Cr's
Invigoration effect, makes it have good strength and toughness concurrently.
S:Be typically considered harmful element because its content height may make steel produce red brittleness, general high-quality steel by its
Control is below 0.035, and have or even control is below 0.010.But S can also play lubrication, content is too low, is unfavorable for
Improve cutting ability, the present invention has high requirement because on fractured connecting rod to be applied to swollen disconnected cracking performance, for guarantor
Swollen disconnected cracking performance and the major part deflection of big end is demonstrate,proved in the margin of tolerance, sulfur content 0.045-0.075% is controlled, both ensured
The cutting ability of steel is unlikely to make its generation hot-short again, is the optimum proportioning of the material.
P:It can all be dissolved in ferrite, form substitution solid solution, improve ferritic intensity, hardness.But phosphorus generally quilt
It is considered as harmful element in steel, in grain boundaries segregation when on the one hand due to its high temperature, forms extremely brittle compound with iron, at room temperature
The plasticity and toughness of steel is drastically declined, produce " cold short ";On the other hand, non-hardened and tempered steel impact flexibility is relatively low, influences usability
Can, it need to ensure that it has certain toughness as far as possible.General high-quality steel requires P content control within 0.030, conduct of the present invention
Non-hardened and tempered steel category, to ensure that material has preferable obdurability, while taking into account smelting technique level, then controls its content to exist
Less than 0.020.
Si:Main with the presence of solid solution state in steel, solid solution strengthening effect substantially, can notable reinforced ferrite and raising iron element
Body volume fraction, and make crystal grains fine, thus be conducive to improving toughness.The present invention is by the control of Si constituent contents in 0.40-0.70%
Between.
Cr:Middle carbide, the Cr of austenite is dissolved in during heating can improve the quenching degree of steel.Cr in steel,
A part of replacement of fe element formation alloyed cementite;A part is dissolved in ferrite, produces solution strengthening effect, improves ferrite
Intensity and hardness.But Cr elements can reduce the toughness of material, therefore the present invention is controlled below 0.2%, it is to avoid material is tough
Property is too low.
V:Carbide, is mainly manifested in Deformation recrystallization and the prevention for suppressing austenite in hot procedure
Its crystal grain is grown up.Raised with austenitizing temperature, V(C、N)Meltage increase in austenite, is controlled cold in subsequent control forging
During, tiny V(C、N)Amount of precipitation also increases, i.e. strain induced precipitate, and precipitation strength is carried out to non-hardened and tempered steel with this;Carefully
Small crystal grain also helps the raising of fatigue strength.But V cost is higher, content need to typically be higher than 0.08%, of the invention then control
Between 0.1% ~ 0.2%.
Ni:Non-carbide formation element, is solid-solution in steel, can improve quenching degree and reduce eutectoid point C content, increases pearl
Body of light volume fraction, improves intensity, while keeping good plasticity and toughness again.Ni can reduce Ar3 transition temperatures, refine iron
Ferritic, reduces cemetite lamellae thickness in pearlite, so as to improve toughness.Because Ni element prices are higher, this experiment steel design Ni
Content is below 0.2%.
Mo:Do not specially required in the present invention, retain residual elements, Mo is carbide, a small amount of
Mo can improve the quenching degree of steel, there is solution strengthening effect to ferrite, improve the stability of carbide.
High intensity motorcar engine connecting rod of the present invention non-hardened and tempered steel system ferrite-pearlite type non-hardened and tempered steel,
Controlled by reasonable C content, its ferrite content is maintained at less than 20%;By the precipitation strengths of the elements such as Mn, Cr effect and
V Grain refinement, makes it have higher obdurability and fatigue safety coefficient;S constituent contents are properly increased again, it is ensured that cut
It is easy to swollen fracture solution while cutting processing characteristics.By the rational proportion of each element, the steel grade is set to disclosure satisfy that automobile engine
Performance requirement of the connecting rod in terms of lightweight, fatigue, swollen fracture solution, machining.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the former weight 580g, the latter weight 466g, drop weighs about 20%.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of that the high intensity motorcar engine connecting rod non-hardened and tempered steel is designed and smelted according to above-mentioned technical proposal, its chemistry member
Plain mass percent is:C:0.46%、Si:0.60%、Mn:1.19%、S:0.050%、P:0.009%、Cr:0.15%、Ni:
0.090%、Mo:0.020%、V:0.15%、 N:190ppm, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity;Round steel changes mechanical property after forging
Can be:RP0.2:810MPa, Rm:1083MPa, A:17%, Z:53%.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of that the high intensity motorcar engine connecting rod non-hardened and tempered steel is designed and smelted according to above-mentioned technical proposal, its chemistry member
Plain mass percent is:C:0.44%、Si:0.52%、Mn:1.17%、S:0.048%、P:0.011%、Cr:0.15%、Ni:
0.010%、Mo:0.020%、V:0.13%、 N:175ppm, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity;Round steel changes mechanical property after forging
Can be:RP0.2:807MPa, Rm:1072MPa, A:20%, Z:49%.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of that the high intensity motorcar engine connecting rod non-hardened and tempered steel is designed and smelted according to above-mentioned technical proposal, its chemistry member
Plain mass percent is:C:0.42%、Si:0.60%、Mn:0.98 %、S:0.058%、P:0.012%、Cr:0.19%、Ni:
0.010%、Mo:0.020%、V:0.18%、 N:176ppm, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity;Round steel changes mechanical property after forging
Can be:RP0.2:752MPa, Rm:1047MPa, A:22.0%, Z:54%.
Embodiment 4
It is a kind of that the high intensity motorcar engine connecting rod non-hardened and tempered steel is designed and smelted according to above-mentioned technical proposal, its chemistry member
Plain mass percent is:C:0.49%、Si:0.63%、Mn:1.18%、S:0.052%、P:0.007%、Cr:0.17%、Ni:
0.015%、Mo:0.040%、V:0.17%、 N:162ppm, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity;Round steel changes mechanical property after forging
Can be:RP0.2:876MPa, Rm:1132MPa, A:19.0%, Z:47%.
The trial-production of lightweight connecting rod finished product is carried out using the batch material in embodiment 1, fatigue is carried out using this batch of connecting rod
Performance test, it is 1.83 to obtain its fatigue safety coefficient.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high intensity non-hardened and tempered steel material suitable for connecting rod, it is characterised in that:In non-hardened and tempered steel chemical element include C,
Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, V, N, Mo, Ni, Fe, element mass percent are C:0.42-0.50%, Si:0.40-0.70%, Mn:
0.90-1.20%, P≤0.020%, S:0.045-0.075%, Cr:≤ 0.20%, V:0.10-0.20%, N:0.010-0.020%,
Ni≤0.2%, Mo≤0.10%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and element mass percent is about 96.80-98.10%;Should
The mechanical performance data requirement of non-hardened and tempered steel is steel after 1250 DEG C are forged into Φ 30mm coupon air coolings:RP0.2>=700MPa,
Rm >=1000MPa, A >=10%, Z >=25%;
C:Common intensified element in steel, in the range of sub-eutectoid steel, it is desirable to which content is less than 0.67%;Ferrite content 10% ~
Between 20%, C element content should be controlled in the range of 0.42-0.50%;
Mn:In middle carbon Mn-V systems non-hardened and tempered steel, Mn content in increase steel, its impact toughness is also improved therewith, and Mn contents exist
In the range of 0.90-1.20%, replace a part of Cr invigoration effect;
S:Control sulfur content 0.045-0.075%;
P:It is required that P content control is below 0.020;
Si:By the control of Si constituent contents between 0.40-0.70%;
Cr:Middle carbide, the Cr of austenite is dissolved in during heating can improve the quenching degree of steel;Cr controls in steel exist
Less than 0.2%;
V:Carbide, is mainly manifested in the Deformation recrystallization for suppressing austenite in hot procedure and prevents it brilliant
Grain grow up;Raised with austenitizing temperature, V(C、N)Meltage increase in austenite, in the subsequent cold process of control forging control
In, tiny V(C、N)Amount of precipitation also increases, and V content is controlled between 0.1% ~ 0.2%;
Ni:Non-carbide formation element, is solid-solution in steel, can improve quenching degree and reduce eutectoid point C content, Ni constituent contents
Below 0.2%;
Mo:Mo is carbide, and a small amount of Mo can improve the quenching degree of steel, retains residual elements.
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CN108504934A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-07 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Containing V, Nb, N Micro Alloying pre-hardened plastic mold steel and preparation method thereof |
CN109112396A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-01-01 | 湖北新冶钢有限公司 | A kind of automobile steering gear rack non-hardened and tempered steel and its manufacturing method |
CN109632428A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-16 | 青海大学 | A kind of metal material cracking performance evaluation method |
CN111101056A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2020-05-05 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Steel for crankshaft and method for manufacturing crankshaft |
CN114672723A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-28 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | 46MnVS series steel for expansion-fracture connecting rod and manufacturing method thereof |
CN115125447A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-30 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Non-quenched and tempered steel for Nb-V composite reinforced high-carbon fractured connecting rod, produced fractured connecting rod and forging and cooling control process |
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