CN105018854A - High-heat-resistance hot work die steel and preparation method - Google Patents
High-heat-resistance hot work die steel and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000025599 Heat Stress disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000714 At alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[C] Chemical compound [Mn].[C] QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides high-heat-resistance hot work die steel and a preparation method. The high-heat-resistance hot work die steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.38-0.44% of C, 3.8-4.4% of Cr, 1.8-2.4% of Mo, 0.2-0.6% of Si, 0.5-0.8% of Mn, 0.5-0.7% of V, 0.8-1.2% of Ni, 0.02-0.05% of Cu, 0.08-0.12% of Ta, 0.01-0.03% of Nb, 0.008-0.016% of W, 0.008-0.016% of Co, P and S both less than 0.030%, and the balance of Fe. The steel is tapped until the chemical components are accordant with the requirements through the steps of alloying, burdening, smelting and analysis of stokehole chemical components; and then, the treatments of annealing, quenching and tempering are performed. The steel is excellent in comprehensive mechanical performance, high in heat fatigue resistance and excellent in heat stability and high-temperature strength; meanwhile, the steel carbon and the alloy element are lower in content; the production cost is low; the preparation procedures are simple; and the application value is excellent.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of high heat resistance hot-work die steel, the present invention also relates to a kind of preparation method of high heat resistance hot-work die steel.
Background technology
It is a kind of Near net Shaping Technology that hotwork is shaped, and because its forming efficiency is high, loss is little, thus widely uses in the industrial production, the developmental level of its technology, has become the important indicator weighing national production level height.Hotwork forming technique the most important thing is the alloy steel material for the manufacture of hot-work die, and hot-work die generally works under the poor working conditions such as high temperature, thermal shocking, therefore requires that hot-work die steel has excellent over-all properties.At present, widely used in industrial production is H13 steel.H13 steel works below 600 DEG C, has good thermostability and thermal fatigue resistance, and good obdurability combines, but more than 600 DEG C, intensity and the thermostability of material sharply decline, and lose original excellent properties.And the H21 steel of high heat resistance thermal fatigue resistance is poor under the high temperature conditions, usually because there is segmentation crack and losing efficacy in mould, this greatly reduces the mold use life-span, adds production cost.
Publication number is disclose in the patent document of CN 101476082B " a kind of high performance low cost hot work die steel ", utilize the strengthening mechanisms such as the solution strengthening of alloying element, dispersion-strengthened and refined crystalline strengthening, make it obtain high heat resistance, thermostability and thermal fatigue resistance, keep good toughness and processing performance simultaneously.
Publication number is disclose " hot work die steel with high-heat stability and high-strength " in the patent document of CN 101220442A, a kind of high manganese austenite state die steel, this steel grade is made to remain at Ovshinsky figure by suitable manganese carbon ratio example, the carbide that chromium, molybdenum and vanadium are formed, strengthening matrix, makes this steel at 700 DEG C, still has higher thermostability, its hardness value is at more than HRC45, and room temperature impact toughness is greater than 300J.
In view of the present situation of above-mentioned hot-work die steel, many domestic and international Steel Plant and research institution are all devoted to the high performance hot-work die steel of development of new, obtain certain achievement in research, have developed large quantities of hot-work die steel, but it is more the performance stressed in a certain respect, and thus its Application Areas is limited.Therefore, the present invention, in line with the design concept of low-carbon and low-alloy, follows the interaction between alloying element, and development and Design cost performance is high, excellent combination property, the New Hot Work Die Steel that has wide range of applications, is long-term the pursuing a goal of Scientific Research Workers.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high heat resistance hot-work die steel with high thermal stability, higher hot strength, good thermal fatigue resistance.The present invention also aims to the preparation method that a kind of high heat resistance hot-work die steel is provided.
The mass percent of the chemical composition of high heat resistance hot-work die steel of the present invention is: C is 0.38% ~ 0.44%, Cr is 3.8% ~ 4.4%, Mo is 1.8% ~ 2.4%, Si is 0.2% ~ 0.6%, Mn is 0.5% ~ 0.8%, V is 0.5% ~ 0.7%, Ni is 0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cu is 0.02% ~ 0.05%, Ta be 0.08% ~ 0.12%, Nb is 0.01% ~ 0.03%, W is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, Co is that 0.008% ~ 0.016%, P and S content are all less than 0.030%, and surplus is Fe.
The preparation method of high heat resistance hot-work die steel of the present invention is:
Be C according to the mass percent of chemical composition be 0.38% ~ 0.44%, Cr is 3.8% ~ 4.4%, Mo is 1.8% ~ 2.4%, Si is 0.2% ~ 0.6%, Mn is 0.5% ~ 0.8%, V is 0.5% ~ 0.7%, Ni is 0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cu is 0.02% ~ 0.05%, Ta is 0.08% ~ 0.12%, Nb is 0.01% ~ 0.03%, W is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, Co is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, P and S content is all less than 0.030%, surplus is that Fe carries out alloying, batching, smelt, stokehold chemical composition analysis, until its chemical composition is tapped after meeting the requirements,
Carry out anneal, annealing process is: Heating temperature is 700 ~ 730 DEG C, insulation 4 ~ 6h, furnace cooling; Roughing is carried out after annealing; Carry out Quench and temper technique after roughing: quenching and preserving heat temperature is 1000 ~ 1020 DEG C, heat up with stove, soaking time 30min, oil cooling of then coming out of the stove; Tempering immediately after quenching, tempering temperature is 580 ~ 610 DEG C, and soaking time is 2h, air cooling, double tempering.
The foundation of present component design is:
Carbon: C mainly plays solution strengthening and dispersion-strengthened action in steel alloy.C is solid-solution in matrix, greatly carries heavy alloyed strong hardness; In drawing process, carbon is combined with alloying element, separates out, dispersion-strengthened matrix with carbide form.Therefore carbon is the element that heat is done die steel and must be added, and is generally medium carbon steel, in line with low-carbon and low-alloy principle, obtains good over-all properties simultaneously, controls carbon content interval 0.38% ~ 0.44%.
The effect of chromium: Cr mainly improves the hardening capacity of steel, high temperature oxidation resistance, creep resistance and high temperature corrosion resistance, simultaneously cheap because of it, thus widely uses at alloy tool steel.Cr too high levels, can cause Cr
23c
6and Cr
7c
3more, damage alloy high-temp performance.
Molybdenum: Mo is carbide, can put forward heavy alloyed thermostability, hot strength and hardening capacity simultaneously.Molybdenum content, generally more than 1.5%, just can significantly improve the high-temperature behavior of alloy, but increase with molybdenum content, promotes alloy thermal treatment decarburizing tendency, reduces the hot workability of steel.Therefore controlled 1.8% ~ 2.4%.
Silicon: Si is solid-solution in ferrite, and strengthening matrix, improves resistance to tempering and high temperature oxidation resistance, but on the other hand, reduces the plasticity and toughness of steel and increase the fragility of material.Therefore, the content general control of Si is in 0.2% ~ 0.6% scope.
Manganese: Mn is generally the effect of solution strengthening in steel, improves hardness and the intensity of matrix.Simultaneously Mn is combined into the MnS with certain plasticity with impurity S in steel, avoids the FeS of S in crystal boundary generation low melting point, eliminates the deleterious effect of S.But the too high meeting of sulphur content causes crystalline grain of steel alligatoring trend, therefore Mn content is selected to be 0.5% ~ 0.8%.
Vanadium: V Main Function is crystal grain thinning, thus the obdurability improving steel.V is carbide, the VC carbide of formation, increases steel belt roof bolt stability, thermostability and hot strength.In martensitic steel, V content reaches 0.5% just can play good age hardening effect, and too high levels can cause steel plasticity and toughness to decline, therefore control V content is between 0.4% ~ 0.6%.
Nickel: Ni is non-carbide forming element, is generally solid-solution in matrix, can improve the hardening capacity of steel, toughness and thermal conductivity.Suitable nickel controls in 0.8% ~ 1.2% scope.
Microalloy element Co, Cu, Nb, Ta and W effect in steel is different, Co improves the heat resistance of steel, and a small amount of Cu can improve intensity and the toughness of steel, and Nb, Ta are similar to element V with the effect of W, there is crystal grain thinning, improve the effect of red hardness and heat resistance.
Steel grade of the present invention mainly utilizes the alloying means of alloying elements cr, Mo, Ni and V, improve the hardening capacity of die steel, acquisition lath martensite tissue, the high-melting-point MC type carbide tiny in a large number that Mo, V, Nb, Ta and W are formed, substantially increase the red hardness of steel, heat resistance, make this steel have good hot strength, thermostability and thermal fatigue resistance.
Steel of the present invention is mainly used in the hot stamping die of low-alloy high-strength steel, also can be used for aluminium alloy hot-extrusion die.Steel of the present invention has good comprehensive mechanical property, higher thermal fatigue resistance and good thermostability and hot strength, simultaneously steel carbon of the present invention and alloying element content lower, production cost is low, and preparation section is simple, has good using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The as-cast structure of Fig. 1 high heat resistance hot-work die steel of the present invention.
Tissue after the 590 DEG C of tempering of Fig. 2 high heat resistance hot-work die steel of the present invention.
Normal temperature stretching fracture after the 590 DEG C of tempering of Fig. 3 a-Fig. 3 b high heat resistance hot-work die steel of the present invention, wherein Fig. 3 a is macrofracture, and Fig. 3 b is microfracture surface.
Fig. 4 high heat resistance hot-work die of the present invention drawing by high temperature stress-strain curves.
Embodiment
Illustrate below and the present invention is described in more detail.
High-performance heat of the present invention does die steel, realizes high-performance by optimized alloy composition and optimal preparation technology.Its preparation method is: (1) melting and alloying: be 0.38% ~ 0.44% according to C, Cr is 3.8% ~ 4.4%, Mo is 1.8% ~ 2.4%, Si is 0.2% ~ 0.6%, Mn is 0.5% ~ 0.8%, V is 0.5% ~ 0.7%, Ni is 0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cu is 0.02% ~ 0.05%, Ta is 0.08% ~ 0.12%, Nb is 0.01% ~ 0.03%, W is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, Co is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, P and S content is all less than 0.030%, surplus is that the mass percent of Fe carries out alloying, batching, smelt, stokehold chemical composition analysis, until its chemical composition is tapped after meeting the requirements, (2) thermal treatment process: annealing process is: Heating temperature is 700 ~ 730 DEG C, insulation 4 ~ 6h, furnace cooling, roughing is carried out after annealing, carry out Quench and temper technique after roughing: quenching and preserving heat temperature is 1000 ~ 1020 DEG C, heat up with stove, soaking time 30min (concrete soaking time is determined according to specimen size and charging mode), oil cooling of then coming out of the stove, tempering immediately after quenching, tempering temperature is 580 ~ 610 DEG C, and soaking time is 2h, air cooling, double tempering.
According to the composition of steel of the present invention, adopt melting-refining-cast form-anneal-roughing-quench treatment-temper operational path, chemical composition analysis and tissue, Performance Detection are carried out to enforcement steel example.
Steel of the present invention implements the composition of steel example in table 1.
The composition of the embodiment steel of table 1 steel of the present invention, wt%
The hardness of cast form that steel example implemented by steel of the present invention is 53.8HRC, mainly martensitic stucture, and have a small amount of carbide precipitate, its as-cast structure is shown in Fig. 1.As cast condition material is after " 700 DEG C of annealing+1000 DEG C of oil quenchings+590 DEG C of double temperings " process, and hardness is 53.6HRC, and microtexture is tempered martensite, has a large amount of alloy carbide to separate out, and it is specifically organized and sees Fig. 2.
Ambient temperature mechanical properties after the different tempering temperature of steel embodiment of the present invention is in table 2, can find out that steel of the present invention is after " 700 DEG C of annealing+1000 DEG C of oil quenchings " from this table, double tempering in 350 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C temperature ranges again, find that obvious secondary hardening phenomenon appears in steel alloy tempering near 500 DEG C, now the strong hardness of material reaches peak value.The unit elongation of material reaches maximum value after tempering near 590 DEG C, now the tensile strength of material is greater than 1500MPa, illustrative material has good comprehensive mechanical property after 590 DEG C of double temperings, and now the hardness of alloy is 53.6HRC, and tensile strength is 1654MPa.Unit elongation is 7.84%.Now not there is constriction in material macrofracture, presents brittle rupture feature; Microcosmic presents quasi-cleavage crack feature, section has more represent toughness tear rib and mould hole, specifically as shown in Figure 3.
Ambient temperature mechanical properties after the different tempering temperature of table 2 steel embodiment of the present invention
Compared steel of the present invention draws the H13 steel in patent CN 101798661 A, and the chemical composition of compared steel is in table 3.
The chemical composition of table 3 compared steel H13 steel, wt%
Element | C | Cr | Mo | Ni | Mn | V | Si | S、P |
Contrast H13 steel | 0.40 | 5.2 | 1.30 | --- | 0.30 | 1.00 | 0.98 | <0.030 |
The thermostability in 620 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C high temperature ranges of the invention process example steel is apparently higher than contrast H13 steel, and the resistance toheat of steel of the present invention is better, and concrete data are in table 4.
Steel tensile property of the present invention is compared with contrast H13 steel, and mechanical properties is a little more than contrast H13 steel; The high temperature tensile strength of 600 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C is apparently higher than contrast H13 steel, and concrete stretching data are in table 5, and steel of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4 at the drawing by high temperature stress-strain curve of 600 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C.
Table 4 steel example of the present invention contrasts with the thermostability of contrast H13 steel
The tensile strength of table 5 steel embodiment of the present invention and compared steel contrasts
Claims (2)
1. a high heat resistance hot-work die steel, it is characterized in that the mass percent of chemical composition is: C is 0.38% ~ 0.44%, Cr is 3.8% ~ 4.4%, Mo is 1.8% ~ 2.4%, Si is 0.2% ~ 0.6%, Mn is 0.5% ~ 0.8%, V is 0.5% ~ 0.7%, Ni be 0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cu is 0.02% ~ 0.05%, Ta is 0.08% ~ 0.12%, Nb is 0.01% ~ 0.03%, W be 0.008% ~ 0.016%, Co is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, P and S content is all less than 0.030%, and surplus is Fe.
2. a preparation method for high heat resistance hot-work die steel, is characterized in that:
Be C according to the mass percent of chemical composition be 0.38% ~ 0.44%, Cr is 3.8% ~ 4.4%, Mo is 1.8% ~ 2.4%, Si is 0.2% ~ 0.6%, Mn is 0.5% ~ 0.8%, V is 0.5% ~ 0.7%, Ni is 0.8% ~ 1.2%, Cu is 0.02% ~ 0.05%, Ta is 0.08% ~ 0.12%, Nb is 0.01% ~ 0.03%, W is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, Co is 0.008% ~ 0.016%, P and S content is all less than 0.030%, surplus is that Fe carries out alloying, batching, smelt, stokehold chemical composition analysis, until its chemical composition is tapped after meeting the requirements,
Carry out anneal, annealing process is: Heating temperature is 700 ~ 730 DEG C, insulation 4 ~ 6h, furnace cooling; Roughing is carried out after annealing; Carry out Quench and temper technique after roughing: quenching and preserving heat temperature is 1000 ~ 1020 DEG C, heat up with stove, soaking time 30min, oil cooling of then coming out of the stove; Tempering immediately after quenching, tempering temperature is 580 ~ 610 DEG C, and soaking time is 2h, air cooling, double tempering.
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105695862A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 太仓捷公精密金属材料有限公司 | High-intensity die steel |
CN106435353A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-22 | 营口市特殊钢锻造有限责任公司 | Cr5 series hot work die steel |
CN107400838A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | A kind of high-wearing feature hot die steel and preparation method thereof |
CN107490519A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-19 | 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 | The method of testing and stress relaxation method for numerical simulation of the mechanical property of alloy forged piece |
CN107974637A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-01 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of hot die steel and preparation method thereof |
CN108823510A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-16 | 苏州百旺模具模型有限公司 | A kind of mold that integral strength is high |
CN108893686A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-27 | 苏州百旺模具模型有限公司 | It is a kind of will not crack deformation mold |
CN111041347A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-21 | 长沙金铎机械有限公司 | Continuous rolling roller and preparation method thereof |
CN114908301A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-08-16 | 育材堂(苏州)材料科技有限公司 | Hot work die steel, heat treatment method thereof and hot work die |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105695862A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 太仓捷公精密金属材料有限公司 | High-intensity die steel |
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CN107490519A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-19 | 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 | The method of testing and stress relaxation method for numerical simulation of the mechanical property of alloy forged piece |
CN107490519B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-08-13 | 天津重型装备工程研究有限公司 | The test method and stress relaxation method for numerical simulation of the mechanical property of alloy forged piece |
CN107400838A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-28 | 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 | A kind of high-wearing feature hot die steel and preparation method thereof |
CN107974637A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-01 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of hot die steel and preparation method thereof |
CN108823510A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-16 | 苏州百旺模具模型有限公司 | A kind of mold that integral strength is high |
CN108893686A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-27 | 苏州百旺模具模型有限公司 | It is a kind of will not crack deformation mold |
CN114908301A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-08-16 | 育材堂(苏州)材料科技有限公司 | Hot work die steel, heat treatment method thereof and hot work die |
CN114908301B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2023-06-09 | 育材堂(苏州)材料科技有限公司 | Hot work die steel, heat treatment method thereof and hot work die |
CN111041347A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-21 | 长沙金铎机械有限公司 | Continuous rolling roller and preparation method thereof |
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