CN107195956B - The energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet - Google Patents
The energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN107195956B CN107195956B CN201710335097.5A CN201710335097A CN107195956B CN 107195956 B CN107195956 B CN 107195956B CN 201710335097 A CN201710335097 A CN 201710335097A CN 107195956 B CN107195956 B CN 107195956B
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- conductive substrates
- nanometer sheet
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- germanate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The preparation method of supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet composite energy-storage material in a kind of conductive substrates, bimetallic germanate nanometer sheet of the method in conductive substrates surface growing upright of hydro-thermal reaction is first passed through, can be obtained the composite material of the bimetallic germanate nanometer sheet of conductive surface growing upright after then calcining in nitrogen;It is characteristic of the invention that preparing using simple chemical synthesis means and being superior to supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet composite energy-storage material in the conductive substrates of traditional material with high-specific surface area, good conductivity, capacity and stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of energy storage material, in particular to conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet
Energy storage material preparation method, and in particular to zinc germanate, germanic acid nickel, germanic acid cobalt, germanic acid iron, germanic acid manganese, germanic acid calcium, germanic acid strontium, germanium
The preparation of the conductive substrates composite material such as the nanometer sheets such as sour barium and nickel foam, foam copper, steel disc, titanium sheet, carbon cloth, carbon paper.
Technical background
Energy storage device of the lithium ion battery as a kind of high volume energy density and high quality energy density has work electricity
The advantages such as pressure is high, self-discharge rate is low, have all obtained extensively in portable electronic device, electric car and extensive energy storage
Using.Graphite is widely used negative electrode material in current commercial li-ion battery, but its theoretical specific capacity only has 372mA h
g-1, increasingly it is unable to satisfy practical application request.Find the material with height ratio capacity, excellent cycle performance and high rate performance
It is the hot spot studied at present to substitute graphite.In numerous reported negative electrode materials, germanium metal (Ge) is due to high reason
By capacity, excellent electronic conductivity and lithium ion diffusion rate, the special attention of researcher is received.But pure germanium
Electrode material can occur alloy-removal alloying with lithium metal in charge and discharge process and react, and volume change is very big (about 370%),
Lead to the serious dusting of electrode material and capacity rapid decrease during charge and discharge cycles.In order to overcome these disadvantages, bimetallic germanium
Silicate material is developed as electrode material.On the one hand, the oxide that bimetallic oxide is formed in charge and discharge process can delay
The volume change during alloy-removal alloying is rushed, on the other hand the price of non-germanium metal is lower than germanium.Although this strategy is led
The reduction of a part of capacity has been caused, but has improved the stability and high rate performance of electrode material, has also reduced electrode material
Cost.
The storage lithium performance of a certain determining electrode material is improved, usually there are two types of strategies.One is preparation classification multiplicity
Nanostructure, such as nanometer sheet, nanosphere or nano wire, nanostructure can bring big specific surface area so that electrode material with
The contact of electrolyte is more abundant, shortens the transmission range of lithium ion and provides more electrochemical reaction active sites.Its
Second is that material is compound with conductive substrates, enable material to be easier to obtain electronics, more fully react, to improve material
The actual capacity of material.
In conclusion can effectively be mentioned by the adjusting of the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes to electrode material and with the compound of conductive substrates
The lithium ion storage capacity and cycle life of high electrode material.Bimetallic germanate nano material is shown as lithium-ion electric
The good potentiality of pond negative electrode material, the bimetallic germanate for having the nanosizings such as nano particle, nano wire and nanometer rods at present are multiple
It condensation material and is reported with compound materials of conductive substrates such as nickel foams.But still lack a kind of effective, universality
Method prepares conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanosheet composite material.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanic acids
The energy storage material preparation method of salt nanometer sheet, by the bimetallic germanic acid for directly growing composition, structure-controllable in conductive substrates
Salt nanometer sheet improves the lithium ion storge quality of bimetallic germanate, and directly as lithium ion battery electrode material.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: the salt of the metal ion of 0.5~4mmol is weighed, and the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the 16 of 0.5~5mmol
Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is added to the in the mixed solvent of 20~100mL deionized water and 5~50mL ethylene glycol composition, ultrasound
Dispersion 5~25 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the suitable autoclave of volume, and is added in kettle
The conductive substrates for entering the arbitrary shape size that can be accommodated are reacted 1-24 hours at 120-180 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 0.5~4 hour for 200~450 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating speed
Rate is controlled in 1~5 DEG C of min-1;Obtained product is exactly conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet composite construction material
Material.
Metal ion contained in metal ion salt described in step 1 include but is not limited to zinc, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese,
Calcium, strontium, barium, the type of the salt of metal ion include but is not limited to sulfate, acetate, chloride.
Conductive substrates described in step 2 include but is not limited to nickel foam, foam copper, steel disc, titanium sheet, carbon cloth, carbon paper.
Have using the conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet sandwich that the present invention prepares following
Feature:
(1) higher specific surface area improves electrochemical efficiency so as to provide more active reaction sites;
(2) good conductivity has electronics more better than pure metal oxides and ion conduction rate;
(3) relative to conventional electrode materials, synthesized energy storage material has higher specific discharge capacity and preferably circulation
Stability;
(4) it can directly cut and be used as lithium ion cell electrode piece, eliminate the step that traditional material stirs slurry, coating
Suddenly.
The type and property of extreme enrichment bimetallic germanate and conductive substrates composite material are expanded it by this method significantly
Application range, be multiple with new structure and excellent properties nano structural conductive base load bimetallic germanate nanometer sheet
The industrial production of condensation material and extensive use lay the foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich.
Fig. 2 is the foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich of cyclic voltammetry test in the first, second He
Volt-ampere curve in third circulation.
Fig. 3 is foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich in 200mAg-1First, second under current density,
Voltage-capacity curve in ten, the 100th and the 500th circulations.
Fig. 4 is foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich in 200mAg-1Capacity versus cycle under current density
Frequency curve.
Fig. 5 is that high rate performance of the foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich under different current densities is bent
Line.
Fig. 6 is after foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich is assembled into battery with pure germanic acid Zinc material
Impedance curve
Fig. 7 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph that foam copper loads germanic acid cobalt nanometer sheet sandwich.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the examples below.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment the following steps are included:
Step 1: the anhydrous zinc chloride of 2mmol is weighed, and the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the cetyl trimethyl bromination of 1mmol
Ammonium, be added to 30mL deionized water and 10mL ethylene glycol composition in the mixed solvent, ultrasonic disperse 10 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the autoclave that volume is 40mL, and in kettle
The rectangular foam nickel of the 2 × 5cm cut is added, is reacted 6 hours at 170 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 2 hours for 450 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating rate is controlled at 1 DEG C
min-1;Obtained product is exactly foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanosheet composite material.
The foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich performance test such as FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 institute that the present embodiment obtains
Show: Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich;Fig. 2 is cyclic voltammetry test
Volt-ampere curve of the foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich in first, second, and third circulation;Fig. 3 is bubble
Foam nickel load zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich is in 200mA g-1First, second under current density, the tenth, the 100th and
Voltage-capacity curve in 500 circulations;Fig. 4 is foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich in 200mA g-1
Capacity versus cycle frequency curve under current density;Fig. 5 is foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich in different electricity
High rate performance curve under current density;Fig. 6 is foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer sheet sandwich and pure zinc germanate material
Material is assembled into the impedance curve after battery.In conjunction with six figures it can be seen that the foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanometer that the present embodiment obtains
Piece sandwich has uniform pattern, and for high capacity, excellent cycle performance, high rate performance and high electrical conductivity
Lithium ion battery negative material.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment the following steps are included:
Step 1: weighing the cobalt nitrate of 4mmol, the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of 3mmol adds
Enter to 20mL deionized water and 20mL ethylene glycol composition in the mixed solvent, ultrasonic disperse 10 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the autoclave that volume is 45mL, and in kettle
The rectangular foam copper of the 2 × 5cm cut is added, is reacted 3 hours at 180 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 3 hours for 200 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating rate is controlled at 2 DEG C
min-1;Obtained product is exactly foam copper load germanic acid cobalt nanosheet composite material.
Scanning electron microscopic picture such as Fig. 7 of obtained foam copper load germanic acid cobalt nanosheet composite material, and for height
The lithium ion battery negative material of capacity and excellent cycle performance,.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment the following steps are included:
Step 1: the calcium acetate of 0.5mmol is weighed, and the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the cetyl trimethyl bromine of 0.5.5mmol
Change ammonium, be added to 20mL deionized water and 5mL ethylene glycol composition in the mixed solvent, ultrasonic disperse 5 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the autoclave that volume is 30mL, and in kettle
Round carbon cloth or carbon paper that the diameter cut is 2cm is added, is reacted 24 hours at 120 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 4 hours for 200 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating rate is controlled at 3 DEG C
min-1;Obtained product is exactly carbon cloth or carbon paper load germanic acid calcium nanosheet composite material.
Obtained carbon cloth or carbon paper load germanic acid calcium nanosheet composite material are with high capacity and excellent cycle performance
Lithium ion battery negative material.
Example IV
The present embodiment the following steps are included:
Step 1: weighing the nickel sulfate of 4mmol, the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of 5mmol adds
Enter to 100mL deionized water and 50mL ethylene glycol composition in the mixed solvent, ultrasonic disperse 25 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the autoclave that volume is 180mL, and in kettle
The rectangle steel disc or titanium sheet of the 2 × 5cm cut is added, is reacted 12 hours at 150 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 0.5 hour for 350 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating rate is controlled 5
℃min-1;Obtained product is exactly steel disc or titanium sheet load germanic acid nickel nano film composite material.
Obtained steel disc or titanium sheet load germanic acid nickel nano film composite material are with high capacity and excellent cycle performance
Lithium ion battery negative material.
Claims (4)
1. the energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: the salt of the metal ion of 0.5~4mmol is weighed, and the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the cetyl of 0.5~5mmol
Trimethylammonium bromide is added to the in the mixed solvent of 20~100mL deionized water and 5~50mL ethylene glycol composition, ultrasonic disperse 5
~25 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the suitable autoclave of volume, and energy is added in kettle
The conductive substrates of the arbitrary shape size enough accommodated are reacted 1-24 hours at 120-180 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 0.5~4 hour for 200~450 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating rate control
System is in 1~5 DEG C of min-1;Obtained product is exactly conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet sandwich.
2. the energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that, metal ion contained in metal ion salt described in step 1 include zinc, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, calcium, strontium or
Barium;The type of the salt of metal ion includes sulfate, acetate or chloride.
3. the energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, conductive substrates described in step 2 include nickel foam, foam copper, steel disc, titanium sheet, carbon cloth or carbon paper.
4. the energy storage material preparation method of conductive substrates supported bi-metallic germanate nanometer sheet according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing the anhydrous zinc chloride of 2mmol, the germanium oxide of 1mmol, the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of 1mmol adds
Enter to 30mL deionized water and 10mL ethylene glycol composition in the mixed solvent, ultrasonic disperse 10 minutes;
Step 2: liquid scattered in step 1 is transferred in the autoclave that volume is 40mL, and it is added in kettle
The rectangular foam nickel of the 2 × 5cm cut reacts 6 hours at 170 DEG C;
Step 3: step 2 products therefrom is calcined 2 hours for 450 DEG C in inert atmosphere furnace, heating rate is controlled in 1 DEG C of min-1;Obtained product is exactly foamed nickel supported zinc germanate nanosheet composite material.
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CN108448108B (en) * | 2018-02-25 | 2020-05-05 | 商丘师范学院 | Preparation method and application of manganese germanate nanosheet with high charge and discharge capacity |
CN109037652B (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2021-04-27 | 福州大学 | Preparation method and application of nitrogen-doped carbon-coated graded germanium structure |
CN110875470B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-04-06 | 天津大学 | Amorphous germanium-based nanowire-graphene nano composite lithium ion battery cathode material and preparation method thereof |
CN110085454B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-01-25 | 上海理工大学 | Electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114122366B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-09-22 | 滨州学院 | Cobalt germanate composite microsphere material and preparation method thereof |
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JPS5912503A (en) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-23 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Method of producing solid electrolyte thin film |
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US4132620A (en) * | 1978-02-02 | 1979-01-02 | Diamond Shamrock Technologies S.A. | Electrocatalytic electrodes |
CN102502789A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Alkaline earth metal germanate nanomaterial and preparation method thereof and use thereof as cathode material of lithium ion battery |
CN105200665A (en) * | 2015-07-19 | 2015-12-30 | 东北师范大学 | Preparation method of lithium ion battery zinc germanate/carbon complex fiber cathode material |
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