CN107195704A - 一种ibc电池制备方法 - Google Patents

一种ibc电池制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107195704A
CN107195704A CN201710404026.6A CN201710404026A CN107195704A CN 107195704 A CN107195704 A CN 107195704A CN 201710404026 A CN201710404026 A CN 201710404026A CN 107195704 A CN107195704 A CN 107195704A
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王继磊
李高非
张娟
黄金
白炎辉
鲍少娟
易治凯
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Jin Neng Clean-Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种IBC电池制备方法。它包括以下步骤:A、在n型原硅片进行正面制绒,背面抛光;B、在背面形成第一掺杂区,在高温炉中通入氧气并退火,完成退火后氧化层厚度为80‑100nm;进行背面选择性分区去除氧化层;C、去胶后在第一掺杂区利用氧化层做掩膜,其余区域在添加剂辅助下,进行碱腐蚀,腐蚀完成后使第一掺杂区域氧化层厚度整体减薄;D、继续用氧化层做掩膜形成第二掺杂区,掺杂后第一掺杂区方阻维持在40‑60Ω/口左右;E、在正面形成FSF;正反两面沉积钝化层;最后在背面选择性形成p区和n区的电极。其优点是:保证分区扩散后p区、n区掺杂品质,并且对掺杂进行优化,避免了多次掩膜保护,减少了工艺步骤,光电转换效率得到了较大程度提升。

Description

一种IBC电池制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新能源光伏晶硅电池技术,具体地说是一种IBC电池制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能光伏发电具有重大的应用前景,目前光伏行业发展趋势为提效降本,而常规结构电池的效率已无较大提升空间,高效晶硅电池成为市场研发的主流。IBC为背接触背结电池,也称叉指电池。该电池最大的特点为效率高,目前多家科研单位制备的IBC电池效率已经达到了23%,有效降低了电池的温度系数,使得IBC电池与常规电池相比具有更加优越的实际发电能力,且组件外观具有较好的一致性。
该电池是在高寿命的n型硅衬底的背面形成p+、n+扩散区,正面制备金字塔绒面来增强光的吸收,同时在正面形成前表面场(FSF),并对正、反两面沉积钝化层,最后在背面选择性形成p区和n区的金半接触。在选择性分区腐蚀工艺中,有时根据工艺需求需要采用碱进行腐蚀,而目前行业内所使用掩膜浆料均为耐酸型,用碱可去除掩膜,无法满足分区腐蚀、分区掺杂的工艺要求,需要进行多次掩膜保护。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够减少制作工艺并提高光电转换率的IBC电池制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的IBC电池制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、在n型原硅片进行正面制绒,背面抛光,正面绒面大小为1um-10um,绒面反射率为9%-13%,背面抛光反射率为30%-45%;
B、在背面形成第一掺杂区,在高温炉中通入氧气并退火,通过调节氧通量、退火温度及退火时间来调控氧化层厚度及质量,完成退火后氧化层厚度为80-100nm;然后进行背面选择性分区去除氧化层;
C、去胶后在第一掺杂区利用氧化层做掩膜,其余区域在添加剂辅助下,进行碱腐蚀,腐蚀完成后使第一掺杂区域氧化层厚度整体减薄;
D、继续用氧化层做掩膜形成第二掺杂区,掺杂后第一掺杂区方阻维持在40-60Ω/口左右;
E、在正面形成FSF;正反两面沉积钝化层;最后在背面选择性形成p区和n区的金属电极。
所述步骤B中,在高温炉中通氧气4slm退火90min,完成退火后氧化层厚度为100nm。
所述步骤C中,其余区域在质量比为1%-3%的KOH、质量比为3%-5%添加剂、温度为75-85℃的腐蚀液中腐蚀3-5min。
本发明的优点在于:在选择性分区中,利用掩膜短时间的耐酸性,通过氢氟酸选择性去除氧化层,去胶后第一掺杂区利用氧化层做掩膜,其余区域在添加剂辅助下,进行碱腐蚀,完成分区腐蚀后,继续用氧化层做掩膜形成第二掺杂区,特别是对掺杂后退火工艺进行调节控制氧化层厚度、质量等,保证了分区扩散后p区、n区掺杂品质,并且可以对掺杂进行优化,避免了多次掩膜保护,减少了工艺步骤,光电转换效率得到了较大程度提升。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明的IBC电池制备方法作进一步详细说明。
本发明的IBC电池制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、在n型原硅片进行正面制绒,背面抛光,正面绒面大小为4um,绒面反射率为10%,背面抛光反射率为45%;
B、在背面形成第一掺杂区,通过调节氧通量、退火温度及退火时间来调控氧化层厚度及质量,其本实施例中,在高温炉中通氧气4slm退火90min,其退火温度为常规温度,完成退火后使其形成厚度为80-100nm,质量致密的氧化膜层,然后进行背面选择性分区去除氧化层,利用掩膜短时间的耐酸性,通过氢氟酸选择性去除氧化层;
C、去胶后在第一掺杂区利用氧化层做掩膜,其余区域在碱质量比为1.5%、添加剂质量比为3%、温度为80℃的腐蚀液中反应300s,腐蚀完成后使第一掺杂区域氧化层厚度整体减薄,第一掺杂区域氧化层较为完整;
D、继续用氧化层做掩膜形成第二掺杂区,掺杂后第一掺杂区方阻维持在55Ω/口左右,氧化层掩膜可以彻底阻挡第二掺杂元素向第一掺杂区扩散;
E、在正面形成FSF;正反两面沉积钝化层;最后在背面选择性形成p区和n区的金属电极。
经过实践证明,采用该工艺方法,电性能测试结果显示开压提升4.8%,填充提升8%左右,短路电流密度提升高达15%,最终光电转换效率得到了较大程度提升。

Claims (3)

1.一种IBC电池制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、在n型原硅片进行正面制绒,背面抛光,正面绒面大小为1um-10um,绒面反射率为9%-13%,背面抛光反射率为30%-45%;
B、在背面形成第一掺杂区,在高温炉中通入氧气并退火,通过调节氧通量、退火温度及退火时间来调控氧化层厚度及质量,完成退火后氧化层厚度为80-100nm;然后进行背面选择性分区去除氧化层;
C、去胶后在第一掺杂区利用氧化层做掩膜,其余区域在添加剂辅助下,进行碱腐蚀,腐蚀完成后使第一掺杂区域氧化层厚度整体减薄;
D、继续用氧化层做掩膜形成第二掺杂区,掺杂后第一掺杂区方阻维持在40-60Ω/口左右;
E、在正面形成FSF;正反两面沉积钝化层;最后在背面选择性形成p区和n区的金属电极。
2.按照权利要求1所述的IBC电池制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤B中,在高温炉中通氧气4slm退火90min,完成退火后氧化层厚度为100nm。
3.按照权利要求1所述的IBC电池制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤C中,其余区域在质量比为1%-3%的KOH、质量比为3%-5%添加剂、温度为75-85℃的腐蚀液中腐蚀3-5min。
CN201710404026.6A 2017-06-01 2017-06-01 一种ibc电池制备方法 Pending CN107195704A (zh)

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CN111403537A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-10 江苏日托光伏科技股份有限公司 一种基于碱抛的选择性发射极电池正面保护方法
CN114823973A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-29 通威太阳能(眉山)有限公司 一种p型背接触太阳电池及其制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111403537A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2020-07-10 江苏日托光伏科技股份有限公司 一种基于碱抛的选择性发射极电池正面保护方法
CN111403537B (zh) * 2018-12-27 2021-05-25 江苏日托光伏科技股份有限公司 一种基于碱抛的选择性发射极电池正面保护方法
CN114823973A (zh) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-29 通威太阳能(眉山)有限公司 一种p型背接触太阳电池及其制备方法

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