CN107163685B - 一种喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107163685B
CN107163685B CN201710403867.5A CN201710403867A CN107163685B CN 107163685 B CN107163685 B CN 107163685B CN 201710403867 A CN201710403867 A CN 201710403867A CN 107163685 B CN107163685 B CN 107163685B
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王树根
朱逸行
朱志祥
傅小琴
蒋静
张能武
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SUZHOU DA SHANG KE ADVANCED MATERIAL Co.,Ltd.
Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法，属于精细化工技术领域。本发明对体系质量分数为1％‑10％的活性染料、30％‑50％保湿剂、0.1％‑2％表面活性剂、5‑10％高效渗透剂、0.1％‑4％pH缓冲剂、5％‑15％的尿素、0.1％‑2％金属络合剂、0.1％‑2％消泡剂、0.1％—2％杀菌剂，其余加去离子水补满100％依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备高渗透喷墨印花活性墨水。本发明的方法简单，适合批量化生产，且开发的高渗透喷墨印花活性墨水打印流畅性好、染料水解程度低、提高了双面印花色深。

Description

一种喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法，属于精细化工技术领域。
背景技术
随我国经济的发展、人们生活水平的提高，纺织品市场消费理念已发生重大变革，人们对“个性化、多品种、短周期、文化创意与环保”纺织品的消费需求与日俱增。数码喷墨印花摒弃了传统印花复杂的制版工艺，除了能够满足市场对印花小批量、多花色与个性化的需求外，其设备占地面积小，印花工艺相较于传统印花更加节约染化料与水资源，是一种生态环保型的清洁生产技术，能满足印染行业环保低碳可持续发展的要求。可见，喷墨印花契合了人们的消费趋势，得到了迅速的发展。
棉和真丝等天然纤维类织物近年来的需求量逐年增大，活性染料墨水是纤维素纤维和蛋白质纤维上常用着色剂，具有印花产品色牢度高、色谱齐全和色泽鲜艳等特点。随数码喷墨印花技术的持续发展，市场对活性染料墨水的需求量不断增大。然而，当前活性染料墨水仍存在一些弊端，如染料易发生水解、储存稳定性差、对织物的上染率不高、印花过程中发生喷头堵塞、打印流畅性低等。为解决这些弊端，获得品质良好的活性染料墨水，其制备加工技术成为研究热点。专利CN102226316B公开了一种具有活性染料的环保型数码喷墨纺织印花墨水及其制备方法，该墨水成分各组分比例如下：活性染料3-30％、润湿剂5-40％、表面活性剂0.2-5％、pH调节剂0.1-2％、杀菌剂0.1-1％、柔软剂1-10％、去离子水12-90.6％，调配完毕后依次通过1微米、0.5微米、0.22微米的滤膜进行多次过滤，最终制得墨水成品。专利104790227A公开了一种喷墨印花活性染料墨水及其制备方法，特征在于墨水由1％-15％活性染料、2％-25％流变控制剂、0.2％-2％pH缓冲剂、0.1-1％杀菌剂和34％-91.6％去离子水组成，将各组分混合均匀后进行1.5-5.0微米、0.5-1.5微米、0.2-0.5微米的三级过滤，最后采用规格为200-000目的不锈钢滤网进行去凝胶处理，得到墨水成品。
虽然很多专利公开了喷墨印花活性墨水的报道，但对墨水的研究主要集中在颜色鲜艳度和喷射流畅性上。随着喷墨印花技术在丝巾上应用越来越多，市场上对高渗透墨水的需求也随之增加。资料检索表明，当前实现织物双面渗透印花主要做法是对织物进行前处理，而开发具备较高渗透性能喷墨印花活性墨水鲜有报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是开发具有较高渗透性能喷墨印花活性墨水，满足丝巾等薄型面料双面印花的需求，从而减少喷墨印花对纺织品前处理工序，实现纺织品印花的节能减排和清洁生产。
本发明的喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水，包括对体系质量分数为1％-10％的活性染料、30％-50％保湿剂、0.1％-2％表面活性剂、5-10％高效渗透剂、0.1％-4％pH缓冲剂、5％-15％的尿素、0.1％-2％金属络合剂、0.1％-2％消泡剂、0.1％-2％杀菌剂，其余加去离子水补满100％。
本发明中，若无特殊说明，百分数是指质量百分数。
在一种实施方式中，所述的活性染料为高纯度脱盐的粉状活性染料，活性红染料为红X-3B(C.I活性红2)、红K-2G(C.I活性红15)、红K-2BP(C.I活性红24)或红KE-3B(C.I活性红120)中的一种或几种；活性黄染料为黄X-6G(C.I活性黄1)、黄K-RN(C.I活性黄3)、黄K-6G(C.I活性黄2)或黄KN-GB(C.I活性黄27)中的一种或几种；活性蓝染料为蓝X-3G(C.I活性蓝1)、蓝K-GR(C.I活性蓝5)、蓝KN-B(C.I活性蓝27)或蓝P-3R(C.I活性蓝49)中的一种或几种；活性黑染料为黑KN-B(C.I活性黑5)、黑K-BR(C.I活性黑8)或黑K-BG(C.I活性黑1)中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述的保湿剂为聚乙二醇200、聚乙二醇400、聚乙二醇600、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙二醇、乙二醇***、异丙醇、季戊四醇、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、1,4-丁二醇、二甘醇单丁醚、二甘醇、尿素、三甘醇、己内酰胺、山梨醇和丙三醇中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述的表面活性剂是聚乙二醇三甲基壬基醚、烷基糖苷、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、壬基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、妥尔油酸聚氧乙烯醚、天然棕榈酸、丙二醇嵌段聚醚、吐温20、吐温40、吐温80、硬脂酸、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基醚硫酸铵或磷酸酯氟中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述高效渗透剂位硫脲、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(JFC)或顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述的pH缓冲剂为硼酸-硼砂、氨水-氯化铵、醋酸-醋酸钠、磷酸二氢钾-磷酸氢二钾、tris碱-盐酸、三乙醇胺-磷酸或柠檬酸钠-碳酸氢钠中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述的金属络合剂为EDTA、柠檬酸、氨基乙酸、二巯基丙醇、二巯基丙烷磺酸钠、巯基乙胺、巯基乙酸、硫脲、氟化氨、8-羟基喹啉、铬酸钾、硫化钠、铜试剂、氰化物、乙酰丙酮、酒石酸、草酸、磺基水杨酸、三乙醇胺、EGTA、乙二胺四丙酸或三乙撑四胺中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述的消泡剂为聚醚消泡剂、有机硅消泡剂、聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂、高碳醇消泡剂中的一种或几种。
在一种实施方式中，所述的杀菌剂为3-[三甲氧基硅基]-丙基二甲基十八烷基氯化铵、苯甲酸钠、亚硝酸钠、1,2-苯丙异噻唑啉-3-酮、二氯异氰尿酸钠、三氯异氰尿酸、凯松或卡松中一种或几种。
本发明的第二个目的是提供所述喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法，所述方法是将原料物质加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备高渗透喷墨印花活性墨水。
本发明的第三个目的是提供所述喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水在纺织领域的应用。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明的高渗透喷墨印花活性墨水，具有制备工艺简单、适合批量化生产等优点，且开发的高渗透喷墨印花活性墨水打印流畅性好、降低染料水解程度、提高了双面印花色深。
具体实施方案
下面是对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
活性红墨水的制备：
Figure BDA0001310448780000031
将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备高渗透喷墨印花活性红墨水。
对制备的墨水进行上机打印流畅性测试，24小时内没有出现断线堵塞情况，流畅性良好。用制备的墨水对真丝织物(100g/m2)进行喷墨印花(打印5×5cm纯色块)，经102℃汽蒸固色20分钟、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗工序后测试印花织物的色深值(K/S测色仪，织物折叠双层)，印花正面K/S值：13.6，反面K/S值：12.9，渗透率为94.85％(渗透率＝织物反面K/S值/织物正面K/S值)，强力损失率为2％，渗透效果良好，反面已能达到良好印花效果。
测试印花后织物的水洗牢度为4-5级，干摩擦牢度为5级，湿摩擦牢度为4-5级。其中牢度测定按照GB/T 3921-2008、GB/T 250-2008、GT/B 3920-2008等进行。
实施例2
活性蓝墨水的制备：
Figure BDA0001310448780000041
将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备高渗透喷墨印花活性蓝墨水。
对制备的墨水进行上机打印流畅性测试，24小时内没有出现断线堵塞情况，流畅性良好。用制备的墨水对真丝织物(100g/m2)进行喷墨印花(打印5×5cm纯色块)，经102℃汽蒸固色20分钟、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗工序后测试印花织物的色深值(K/S测色仪，织物折叠双层)，印花正面K/S值：12.2，反面K/S值11.7，渗透率为95.90％(渗透率＝织物反面K/S值/织物正面K/S值)，强力损失率为2％渗透效果良好，反面已能达到良好印花效果。测试印花后织物的水洗牢度为4-5级，干摩擦牢度为5级，湿摩擦牢度为4-5级。
为更好的反应出高渗透活性墨水的渗透效果，特以不加高效渗透剂及尿素，不同用量高效渗透剂及尿素的活性墨水以及常规双面印花做对照例1-4。
对照例1
活性蓝墨水的制备(与实施例2相比，用去离子水替代了高效渗透剂及尿素，其他组分和比例与实施例2一致)：
Figure BDA0001310448780000051
将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备喷墨印花活性蓝墨水。
用制备的墨水对真丝织物(100g/m2)进行喷墨印花(打印5×5cm纯色块)，经102℃汽蒸固色20分钟、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗工序后测试印花织物的色深值(K/S测色仪，织物折叠双层)，印花正面K/S值：10.2，反面K/S值2.7，渗透率为26.47％(渗透率＝织物反面K/S值/织物正面K/S值)，强力损失率仅2％，正面能达到良好印花效果，但是反面的印花效果不明显。测试印花后织物的水洗牢度为4-5级，干摩擦牢度为4-5级，湿摩擦牢度为4级。
对照例2
活性蓝墨水的制备(与实施例2相比，仅高效渗透剂及尿素的添加比例不同，其他组分和比例与实施例2一致)：
Figure BDA0001310448780000052
Figure BDA0001310448780000061
将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备喷墨印花活性蓝墨水。
用制备的墨水对真丝织物(100g/m2)进行喷墨印花(打印5×5cm纯色块)，经102℃汽蒸固色20分钟、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗工序后测试印花织物的色深值(K/S测色仪，织物折叠双层)，印花正面K/S值：10.9，反面K/S值5.7，渗透率为52.29％(渗透率＝织物反面K/S值/织物正面K/S值)，强力损失率仅2％，正面能达到良好印花效果，但是反面的印花效果不理想。测试印花后织物的水洗牢度为4级，干摩擦牢度为4级，湿摩擦牢度为4-5级。
对照例3
活性蓝墨水的制备(与实施例2相比，仅高效渗透剂及尿素的添加比例不同，其他组分和比例与实施例2一致)：
Figure BDA0001310448780000062
Figure BDA0001310448780000071
将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备喷墨印花活性蓝墨水。
对制备的墨水进行上机打印流畅性测试，运行20小时左右出现断线堵塞情况。
对照例4
传统的双面喷墨印花工艺是先对织物前处理，再用活性墨水喷印，具体是：
(1)先对织物进行前处理，前处理工艺：糊料30-40％，尿素15-30％，碳酸钠3-5％，剩余为水。
(2)活性蓝墨水的制备：
Figure BDA0001310448780000072
将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备喷墨印花活性蓝墨水。
(3)用制备的墨水对经过前处理的真丝织物(100g/m2)进行喷墨印花(打印5×5cm纯色块)，经102℃汽蒸固色20分钟、冷水洗、热水洗、冷水洗工序后测试印花织物的色深值(K/S测色仪，织物折叠双层)，印花正面K/S值：10.8，反面K/S值7.4，渗透率为68.52％(渗透率＝织物反面K/S值/织物正面K/S值)，强力损失率为27.3％，测试印花后织物的水洗牢度为3-4级，干摩擦牢度为4级，湿摩擦牢度为3-4级，正反面的印花效果良好，但渗透率、印花效果及各项牢度没有采用高效渗透活性墨水直接喷印的好，且前处理过程需要加人的尿素量比较大，既浪费原料也会对环境造成污染，同时经过前处理的织物断裂强力损伤较大，而采用高效渗透活性墨水可以省去前处理工艺，对织物的强力影响不大。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉此技术的人，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可做各种的改动与修饰，因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (3)

1.一种喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水，其特征在于，所述活性染料墨水的配方为：
活性蓝KN-B 10%；
保湿剂：三甘醇 6%；
保湿剂：丙三醇 8%；
保湿剂：1,4-丁二醇 12%；
保湿剂：聚乙二醇400 6%；
渗透剂：顺丁烯二酸二仲辛酯磺酸钠 8%；
尿素 6%
表面活性剂：烷基糖苷 1%；
金属络合剂：三乙醇胺 1%；
pH缓冲剂：硼砂 0.5%；
消泡剂：聚醚改性有机硅消泡剂 1%；
杀菌剂：苯甲酸钠 0.5%；
其余为去离子水。
2.权利要求1所述的喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水在纺织领域的应用。
3.一种权利要求1所述的喷墨印花高渗透活性染料墨水的制备方法，将权利要求1中各物质依次加到烧瓶中，混合并搅拌均匀，然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂，制备高渗透喷墨印花活性墨水。
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