CN107155447A - A kind of method of shallot fast breeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of shallot fast breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN107155447A CN107155447A CN201710335201.0A CN201710335201A CN107155447A CN 107155447 A CN107155447 A CN 107155447A CN 201710335201 A CN201710335201 A CN 201710335201A CN 107155447 A CN107155447 A CN 107155447A
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- shallot
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method of shallot fast breeding, belong to technical field of vegetable cultivation, comprise the following steps：Step 1：Low temperature stores onion seeds；Step 2：Induce rudiment；Step 3：Sprouting is emerged；Step 4：It is colonized in cultivation greenhouse-grown；Step 5：Vernalization, water, topdress, completing whole breeding time.The shallot fast breeding method that the present invention is provided is without special instruments and equipment and other plant growth regulator, it is simple to operate, cost is low, germination percentage and planting percent are higher, effectively shorten the shallot generation cycle, shallot is entirely in fast-growth developmental condition from generation to generation, solid foundation has been established to accelerating the speed of shallot seed selection, improving shallot breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a kind of method of shallot fast breeding.
Background technology
Shallot originates in China, is 2 years raw herbaceous plant.Shallot is one of important vegetables in daily life, and China is big
The cultivated area of green onion, total output, consumption figure occupy first place in the world.China's shallot germ plasm resource is enriched, form of diverse, due to China
Hybridization shallot breeding is started late, and domestic consumption is generally farmers''s conventional variety.The green onion breed majority that Japan enters China is hero
Property sterile line prepare Hybrid, its heterosis, hybrid vigor substantially, China is large agricultural country, and shallot breeding technique lags far behind
Japan and South Korea, cultivate the problem of own shallot Hybrid of China is very urgent at present, are also the one of seed research
Individual development trend.
In recent years, the shallot fast breeding of having carried out of the researcher of China various regions in various degree works, but at present
Untill the cross combination prepared with shallot male sterile line of China's reported success, but the area and shadow that combinations thereof is promoted at home
Ring power and its portion very little, its reason：1st, it is colored from discovery shallot sterile plant to shallot male sterile line is successfully selected
6-10 time is taken, very long Breeding Process also counteracts that the enthusiasm that descendant continues to study in the field.2nd, will be excellent
Character be transferred among existing sterile line and be also required to 4-5 from generation to generation, one shallot sterile line of conventional method seed selection at least needs
10 years.Therefore the shallot generation cycle must effectively be shortened by crucial technological means, reasonably arranges Breeding Process
In each link, backwardness situation of the China in the field could be changed.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that above-mentioned prior art is present, the invention provides a kind of method of shallot fast breeding.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of method of shallot fast breeding, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：After shallot petal is ripe, collection shallot petal removes shell and obtains onion seeds, and seed is placed in
0-5 DEG C of refrigerator is standby；
Step 2：Onion seeds standby in step 1 are taken out uniformly to be placed in the container for being covered with wet towel, then in shallot
The wet towel of the same humidity of seed upper cover, induces its sprouting of 5-7 angels in the environment of being placed in 4 DEG C -5 DEG C；
Step 3：Take out the seed after inducing and be seeded in by 1 × 2cm seeding row spacing on the kind bed completed, in normal temperature bar
Cultivated 3-6 days under part, sprouting is emerged；The normal temperature is 13-20 DEG C, to ensure that shallot fast germination grows；
Step 4：When seedling true leaf expansion height of seedling reaches 3-5cm, the biphosphate of one time 0.2% was sprayed to blade face every 7 days
Potassium solution, greenhouse is colonized in until seedling grows to after more than 15cm, the temperature indoor temperature is adjustable；
Step 5：Treat that the average stem of shallot slightly reaches 1cm, the warm indoor temperature of control is kept for 15-20 days in 0-5 DEG C, made big
Green onion passes through vernalization；Then rise greenhouse temperature makes it into normal reproductive growth phase to 20-30 DEG C；In normal reproductive growth step
Section periodically carries out cultivation management to shallot；Shallot blooms after warm indoor growing 20-30 days, solid after field planting 45-55 days, whole
Individual breeding time is within 5 months.
Preferably, carrying out cultivation management to shallot includes：
Ridging：Every ridging in 15 days once, ridging is not to bury green onion lobus cardiacus as degree every time；
Irrigate：Spraying waterglass to green onion seedling prevents dry point, and inquire for it is dry water, seedbed keeps moistening, and irrigation amount should not mistake
It is many, keep soil from packing together, hinder the growth of green onion seedling；
Topdress：Topdressed repeatedly with urea or 0.3% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer liquid with reference to watering；
Weeding：Barnyard grass king 40g+50% butachlor 250ml+38% butralin 300ml are killed with 45%, mixes, adds water
60kg, stirs, and sprays soil in greenhouse.
Preferably, the wet towel described in step 2 using preceding through the autoclaving at a temperature of, the wet towel it is aqueous
Measure as 20%-30%, in step 1 period regular check towel humidity, and watering ensures towel humidity on towel in time.
The method for the shallot fast breeding that the present invention is provided is stored seed at low temperature, is lured in 4 DEG C of -5 DEG C of low temperature
Lead after 5-7 days, most of seedling true leaf has been opened up when the hair seedling rate after being cultivated 3-6 days on normal temperature kind bed was up to 85%, 10 day
Open.Only needed from seed collection to seedling 25-35 days can seedling, height of seedling reaches more than 15cm, and planting percent treats up to more than 80%
Seedling true leaf expansion height of seedling reach 3-5cm when by Seeding planting in greenhouse, can be according in shallot growth rhythm timing adjustment greenhouse
Temperature makes the growing environment temperature in its shallot each stage reach most preferably, breeds most fast.The method that the present invention is provided is without special
Different instrument and equipment and other plant growth regulator, simple to operate, cost is low, and germination percentage and planting percent are high, effectively shorten
The shallot generation cycle, shallot is set entirely to be in fast-growth developmental condition from generation to generation, to accelerating the speed of shallot seed selection, improving big
Green onion breeding efficiency has established solid foundation.
Embodiment
It is further described with reference to the embodiment to the present invention.Following examples are only used for clearly
Illustrate technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a kind of method of shallot fast breeding, because shallot is originating from half cold area, cool well without
Happiness is hot, under nice and cool weather, and yield is high, quality better.Green onion has stronger cold-resistant, temperature capacity, in vegetative growth phase, with
Nice and cool weather conditions are advisable.The minimum temperature of germination is 4-5 DEG C, is germinateed under the conditions of 13-20 DEG C of thermophilic rapid, 7-
Just it can be unearthed within 10 days.The thermophilic of plant strain growth is 20-30 DEG C, and higher than 30 DEG C plant are thin and delicate, blade jaundice, is also easy to occur disease
Evil.Therefore the present invention is according to the growth rhythm of shallot and requirement of each growth phase to temperature, it is proposed that once mating system,
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) after shallot petal is ripe, collection shallot petal removes shell and obtains onion seeds, and seed is placed in into 0-5
DEG C refrigerator is standby；
(2) onion seeds standby in step 1 are taken out uniformly to be placed in the container for being covered with wet towel, then in onion seeds
The wet towel of the same humidity of upper cover, induces its sprouting of 5-7 angels in the environment of being placed in 4 DEG C -5 DEG C；
In the present embodiment, the wet towel in step 2 is using preceding warp autoclaving 25-30min at a temperature of, wet towel
Water content is 20%-30%, in step 1 period regular check towel humidity, and watering ensures towel humidity on towel in time.
(3) take out the seed after inducing and be seeded in by 1 × 2cm seeding row spacing on the kind bed completed, in normal temperature condition
Lower culture 3-6 days, sprouting is emerged；Normal temperature is 13-20 DEG C, to ensure that shallot fast germination grows；
(4) when seedling true leaf expansion height of seedling reaches 3-5cm, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate for spraying one time 0.2% every 7 days blade faces is molten
Liquid, is colonized in greenhouse, warm indoor temperature is adjustable until seedling grows to after more than 15cm；
(5) treat that the average stem of shallot slightly reaches 1cm, the warm indoor temperature of control is kept for 15-20 days in 0-5 DEG C, leads to shallot
Cross vernalization；Then rise greenhouse temperature makes it into normal reproductive growth phase to 20-30 DEG C；It is fixed in normal reproductive growth phase
Phase carries out cultivation management to shallot；Shallot blooms after warm indoor growing 20-30 days, solid after field planting 45-55 days, entirely gives birth to
The phase is educated within 5 months.
The present embodiment carries out cultivation management to shallot to be included：
Ridging：Every ridging in 15 days once, ridging is not to bury green onion lobus cardiacus as degree every time；
Irrigate：Spraying waterglass to green onion seedling prevents dry point, and inquire for it is dry water, seedbed keeps moistening, and irrigation amount should not mistake
It is many, keep soil from packing together, hinder the growth of green onion seedling；
Topdress：Topdressed repeatedly with urea or 0.3% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer liquid with reference to watering；
Weeding：Barnyard grass king 40g+50% butachlor 250ml+38% butralin 300ml are killed with 45%, mixes, adds water
60kg, stirs, and sprays soil in greenhouse.
The present embodiment borrows the temperature of green house control shallot growing environment, can completed within 1 year according to the habit of shallot
Continuous breeding twice, using the above method, is repeated, and completes the quick breeding process in 1 year 2 generation, shortens breeding time.
Embodiment described above is only the present invention preferably embodiment, protection scope of the present invention not limited to this,
Any those skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the technical scheme that can be become apparent to
Simple change or equivalence replacement, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of shallot fast breeding, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：After shallot petal is ripe, collection shallot petal removes shell and obtains onion seeds, and seed is placed in into 0-5 DEG C
Refrigerator storage is standby；
Step 2：Onion seeds standby in step 1 are taken out uniformly to be placed in the container for being covered with wet towel, then in onion seeds
The wet towel of the same humidity of upper cover, induces its sprouting of 5-7 angels in the environment of being placed in 4 DEG C -5 DEG C；
Step 3：Take out the seed after inducing and be seeded in by 1 × 2cm seeding row spacing on the kind bed completed, under normal temperature condition
Culture 3-6 days, sprouting is emerged；The normal temperature is 13-20 DEG C, to ensure that shallot fast germination grows；
Step 4：When seedling true leaf expansion height of seedling reaches 3-5cm, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate for spraying one time 0.2% to blade face every 7 days is molten
Liquid, greenhouse is colonized in until seedling grows to after more than 15cm, the temperature indoor temperature is adjustable；
Step 5：After the average stem of shallot slightly reaches 1cm, the warm indoor temperature of control is kept for 15-20 days in 0-5 DEG C, leads to shallot
Cross vernalization；Then rise greenhouse temperature makes it into normal reproductive growth phase to 20-30 DEG C；It is fixed in normal reproductive growth phase
Phase carries out cultivation management to shallot；Shallot blooms after warm indoor growing 30 days, solid, whole breeding time after field planting 45-55 days
Within 5 months.
2. the method for shallot fast breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cultivation management bag is carried out to shallot
Include：
Ridging：Every ridging in 15 days once, ridging is not to bury green onion lobus cardiacus as degree every time；
Irrigate：Spraying water to green onion seedling prevents dry point, and inquire for it is dry water, seedbed keeps moistening, and irrigation amount should not be excessive, prevents soil
Earth is hardened, hinders the growth of green onion seedling；
Topdress：Topdressed repeatedly with urea or 0.3% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer liquid with reference to watering；
Weeding：Barnyard grass king 40g+50% butachlor 250ml+38% butralin 300ml are killed with 45%, are mixed, add water 60kg,
Stir, spray soil in greenhouse.
3. the method for shallot fast breeding according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wet towel described in step 2 exists
Using preceding through the autoclaving at a temperature of, the water content of the wet towel is 20%-30%, in step 1 period regular check hair
Towel humidity, and watering ensures towel humidity on towel in time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710335201.0A CN107155447A (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2017-05-12 | A kind of method of shallot fast breeding |
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| CN201710335201.0A CN107155447A (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2017-05-12 | A kind of method of shallot fast breeding |
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| CN107155447A true CN107155447A (en) | 2017-09-15 |
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| CN201710335201.0A Pending CN107155447A (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2017-05-12 | A kind of method of shallot fast breeding |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111345212A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-30 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for rapidly evaluating and classifying bolting performance of green Chinese onions |
| CN111631102A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-08 | 青海省农林科学院 | Cultivation method for quick breeding of green Chinese onions |
| CN112514789A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for rapidly breeding green Chinese onions with generations |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067835A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-01 | 天津市园艺工程研究所 | Cultivation method for quickly breeding allium fistulosum |
| CN105557492A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Industrialized seedling culture method for Chinese onions |
| CN105660109A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Factory-like sowing method for green Chinese onions |
| CN106069174A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-09 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | A kind of Herba Alii fistulosi method for culturing seedlings using seed belt |
-
2017
- 2017-05-12 CN CN201710335201.0A patent/CN107155447A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067835A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-10-01 | 天津市园艺工程研究所 | Cultivation method for quickly breeding allium fistulosum |
| CN105557492A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Industrialized seedling culture method for Chinese onions |
| CN105660109A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 沃华农业科技（江苏）股份有限公司 | Factory-like sowing method for green Chinese onions |
| CN106069174A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-09 | 济南市农业科学研究院 | A kind of Herba Alii fistulosi method for culturing seedlings using seed belt |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111345212A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-30 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for rapidly evaluating and classifying bolting performance of green Chinese onions |
| CN111631102A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-08 | 青海省农林科学院 | Cultivation method for quick breeding of green Chinese onions |
| CN111631102B (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2021-12-14 | 青海省农林科学院 | Cultivation method for quick breeding of green Chinese onions |
| CN112514789A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-19 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Method for rapidly breeding green Chinese onions with generations |
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Application publication date: 20170915 |
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