CN107142792A - 一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107142792A
CN107142792A CN201710467733.XA CN201710467733A CN107142792A CN 107142792 A CN107142792 A CN 107142792A CN 201710467733 A CN201710467733 A CN 201710467733A CN 107142792 A CN107142792 A CN 107142792A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
wallpaper
protective layer
antibacterial functions
nano
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CN201710467733.XA
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English (en)
Inventor
俞克波
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Hefei Still Decoration Engineering Co Ltd
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Hefei Still Decoration Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710467733.XA priority Critical patent/CN107142792A/zh
Publication of CN107142792A publication Critical patent/CN107142792A/zh
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
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    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
    • D21H27/20—Flexible structures being applied by the user, e.g. wallpaper
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    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/30—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with oxides of halogens, oxyacids of halogens or their salts, e.g. with perchlorates
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    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
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    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸及其制备方法，涉及壁纸技术领域，包括基层，基层上包覆一层保护层，保护层上设有吸收层。本发明具有较好的抗菌抑菌以及去异味效果，制备方法简单，环保安全，加工方便，另外，使用耐久性强、不褪色、粉化、剥落等，耐擦洗、易于打理，装饰应用效果好。

Description

一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及壁纸技术领域，具体涉及一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸及其制备方法。
背景技术
壁纸，也称为墙纸，它是一种应用相当广泛的室内装饰材料。因为壁纸具有色彩多样、图案丰富、豪华气派、安全环保、施工方便、价格适宜等多种其它室内装饰材料所无法比拟的特点。
目前壁纸多为普通涂布纸，壁纸现在大量用于住宅、办公室、宾馆等室内装修，以获得一定的装饰效果。但壁纸同其他装饰材料一样，随着世界经济文化的发展而不断发展变化。不同时期壁纸的使用是当地经济发展水平、新型材料学、流行消费心理综合因素的体现。随着人们生活水平以及对生活质量要求的不断提高，环保型、健康型、多功能型的壁纸越来越受到人们的关注。人们在使用壁纸时获得一定美感的同时还希望壁纸能够具有防火、防静电、净化空气、杀菌、湿度调节等功能。目前，市面上专门的抗菌除臭壁纸非常缺乏，壁纸这方面的性能比较差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸及其制备方法，具有较好的抗菌抑菌以及去异味效果，制备方法简单，环保安全。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案：一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸，包括基层，所述基层上包覆一层保护层，保护层上设有吸收层；
所述保护层包括以下份计的原料：改性竹浆纤维45~47份、硅藻土35~40份、绿茶粉25~27份、乙醇23~24份、甘油18~19份、海泡石15~16份、硝化纤维素13~15份、淀粉11~12份、无机填料8~9份、增稠剂6~8份、保水剂5~6份、增塑剂3~5份、抗氧剂2~3份、防霉剂2~3份、阻燃剂1~2份和水100~125份；
所述吸收层包括以下份计的原料：纳米粒子28~32份、油酸25~26份、聚乙烯醇23~24份、表面活性剂10~12份和防腐缓蚀剂5~8份。
优选地，所述基层为壁纸原纸、纯纸、无纺纸、无纺布、纯棉布、化纤布和混纺布中的任一种。
优选地，所述改性竹浆纤维包括以下份计的原料：竹浆纤维20~25份、壳聚糖15~17份、丝胶蛋白12~13份、过氧化氢溶液45~55份和高碘酸钠溶液55~65份。
优选地，所述改性竹浆纤维的制备方法为：称取竹浆纤维加入高碘酸钠溶液中，以200～300r/min的转速搅拌10～20min，然后加入酸溶液调节至中性，依次加入壳聚糖、丝胶蛋白和过氧化氢溶液，超声处理1~2h，过滤得到滤渣，将滤渣放入烘箱，干燥后得到所述竹浆纤维。
优选地，所述超声处理为在超声振荡仪中超声振荡1～2h，超声频率为25～35KHz，超声功率为100～150W。
优选地，所述无机填料包括以下份计的原料：滑石粉25~27份、沸石23~24份、麦饭石15~17份、云母粉10~13份和电气石粉5~8份。
优选地，所述增稠剂为海藻胶、***胶和瓜尔胶中的一种或几种，所述保水剂为羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或几种，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、己二酸二辛酯、癸二酸二辛酯和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯中的一种或几种，所述抗氧剂为2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、三氧化磷、季戊四醇酯和乙二胺的混合物，所述防霉剂为吡啶硫酮锌，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁。
优选地，所述纳米粒子为纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铝和纳米氧化锌中的一种或几种，所述纳米粒子的粒径为45~50nm，所述防腐缓蚀剂为磷酸盐，所述表面活性剂为单甘酯。
本发明中提供一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）、按照配比称取保护层的原料，放入反应釜中，以300~400r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为60~80℃，加热时间为2~3h，得到保护层混合溶液；
（2）、按照配比称取吸收层的原料，放入另一反应釜中，以500~600r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为80~90℃，加热时间为1~2h，得到吸收层混合溶液；
（3）、将基层加工成型放入液氮中进行速冻，再将经过速冻的基层浸润在保护层溶液中10~20s后取出，进行烘干处理，使保护层均匀包覆在基层外表面；
（4）、在经步骤（3）处理后的壁纸的保护层上方均匀喷涂吸收层溶液，在80~90℃的温度下烘干20~30min，得到成品。
本发明的有益效果：具有较好的抗菌抑菌以及去异味效果，制备方法简单，环保安全，具体如下：
（1）、本发明中添加改性竹浆纤维，采用壳聚糖、丝胶蛋白、过氧化氢溶液和高碘酸钠溶液对竹浆纤维进行改性，使得基层表面无菌体产生，抗菌抑菌，起到进一步保护基层的作用，另外，还提高了吸音保温和防水防潮的效果，延长壁纸的使用寿命；
（2）、本发明中添加滑石粉、沸石、麦饭石和云母粉作为无机填料，使得本发明的壁纸具有保温隔热作用，可以保持室内温度，从而达到环保节能的效果；另外，还可以起到物理吸附的效果，添加的电气石粉，可以产生负离子，具有净化空气和除去异味的作用；
（3）、本发明在吸收层的原料中添加纳米粒子，纳米粒子具有很强的光氧化还原功能，可氧化分解各种有机化合物和部分无机物，能破坏细菌的细胞膜和固化病毒的蛋白质，可杀灭细菌和分解有机污染物，把有机污染物分解成无污染的水和二氧化碳，因此，本发明的壁纸能有效地降解空气中有毒有害气体以及能有效杀灭多种细菌；
（4）、本发明的保护层原料中硅藻土含量高，硅藻土表面分布有细孔，可吸附、分解空气中的异味，具有调湿、除臭、隔热、防止细菌生长等效果；不仅不会对环境造成污染，还可以改善居住环境，特别是湿度环境的改善，大大减少了加湿器和除湿器的使用，减少能耗的同时降低了生活成本；
（5）、本发明加工方便，使用耐久性强、不褪色、粉化、剥落等，耐擦洗、易于打理，装饰应用效果好。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸，包括基层，所述基层上包覆一层保护层，保护层上设有吸收层；
所述保护层包括以下份计的原料：改性竹浆纤维45份、硅藻土35份、绿茶粉25份、乙醇23份、甘油18份、海泡石15份、硝化纤维素13份、淀粉11份、无机填料8份、增稠剂6份、保水剂5份、增塑剂3份、抗氧剂2份、防霉剂2份、阻燃剂1份和水100份；
所述吸收层包括以下份计的原料：纳米粒子28份、油酸25份、聚乙烯醇23份、表面活性剂10份和防腐缓蚀剂5份。
其中，所述基层为壁纸原纸。
其中，所述改性竹浆纤维包括以下份计的原料：竹浆纤维20份、壳聚糖15份、丝胶蛋白12份、过氧化氢溶液45份和高碘酸钠溶液55份。
其中，所述改性竹浆纤维的制备方法为：称取竹浆纤维加入高碘酸钠溶液中，以200r/min的转速搅拌10min，然后加入酸溶液调节至中性，依次加入壳聚糖、丝胶蛋白和过氧化氢溶液，超声处理1h，过滤得到滤渣，将滤渣放入烘箱，干燥后得到所述竹浆纤维。
其中，所述超声处理为在超声振荡仪中超声振荡1h，超声频率为25KHz，超声功率为100W。
其中，所述无机填料包括以下份计的原料：滑石粉25份、沸石23份、麦饭石15份、云母粉10份和电气石粉5份。
其中，所述增稠剂为海藻胶，所述保水剂为羧甲基纤维素，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，所述抗氧剂为2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、三氧化磷、季戊四醇酯和乙二胺的混合物，所述防霉剂为吡啶硫酮锌，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁。
其中，所述纳米粒子为纳米二氧化钛，所述纳米粒子的粒径为45nm，所述防腐缓蚀剂为磷酸盐，所述表面活性剂为单甘酯。
本实施例中提供一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）、按照配比称取保护层的原料，放入反应釜中，以300r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为60℃，加热时间为2h，得到保护层混合溶液；
（2）、按照配比称取吸收层的原料，放入另一反应釜中，以500r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为80℃，加热时间为1h，得到吸收层混合溶液；
（3）、将基层加工成型放入液氮中进行速冻，再将经过速冻的基层浸润在保护层溶液中10s后取出，进行烘干处理，使保护层均匀包覆在基层外表面；
（4）、在经步骤（3）处理后的壁纸的保护层上方均匀喷涂吸收层溶液，在80℃的温度下烘干20min，得到成品。
实施例2
一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸，包括基层，所述基层上包覆一层保护层，保护层上设有吸收层；
所述保护层包括以下份计的原料：改性竹浆纤维47份、硅藻土40份、绿茶粉27份、乙醇24份、甘油19份、海泡石16份、硝化纤维素15份、淀粉12份、无机填料9份、增稠剂8份、保水剂6份、增塑剂5份、抗氧剂3份、防霉剂3份、阻燃剂2份和水125份；
所述吸收层包括以下份计的原料：纳米粒子32份、油酸26份、聚乙烯醇24份、表面活性剂12份和防腐缓蚀剂8份。
其中，所述基层为无纺纸。
其中，所述改性竹浆纤维包括以下份计的原料：竹浆纤维25份、壳聚糖17份、丝胶蛋白13份、过氧化氢溶液55份和高碘酸钠溶液65份。
其中，所述改性竹浆纤维的制备方法为：称取竹浆纤维加入高碘酸钠溶液中，以300r/min的转速搅拌20min，然后加入酸溶液调节至中性，依次加入壳聚糖、丝胶蛋白和过氧化氢溶液，超声处理2h，过滤得到滤渣，将滤渣放入烘箱，干燥后得到所述竹浆纤维。
其中，所述超声处理为在超声振荡仪中超声振荡2h，超声频率为35KHz，超声功率为150W。
其中，所述无机填料包括以下份计的原料：滑石粉27份、沸石24份、麦饭石17份、云母粉13份和电气石粉8份。
其中，所述增稠剂为***胶，所述保水剂为羟乙基纤维素，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯，所述抗氧剂为2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、三氧化磷、季戊四醇酯和乙二胺的混合物，所述防霉剂为吡啶硫酮锌，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁。
其中，所述纳米粒子为纳米二氧化硅，所述纳米粒子的粒径为50nm，所述防腐缓蚀剂为磷酸盐，所述表面活性剂为单甘酯。
本实施例中提供一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）、按照配比称取保护层的原料，放入反应釜中，以400r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为80℃，加热时间为3h，得到保护层混合溶液；
（2）、按照配比称取吸收层的原料，放入另一反应釜中，以600r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为90℃，加热时间为2h，得到吸收层混合溶液；
（3）、将基层加工成型放入液氮中进行速冻，再将经过速冻的基层浸润在保护层溶液中20s后取出，进行烘干处理，使保护层均匀包覆在基层外表面；
（4）、在经步骤（3）处理后的壁纸的保护层上方均匀喷涂吸收层溶液，在90℃的温度下烘干30min，得到成品。
实施例3
一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸，包括基层，所述基层上包覆一层保护层，保护层上设有吸收层；
所述保护层包括以下份计的原料：改性竹浆纤维46份、硅藻土37份、绿茶粉26份、乙醇23.5份、甘油18.5份、海泡石15.5份、硝化纤维素14份、淀粉11.5份、无机填料8.5份、增稠剂7份、保水剂5.5份、增塑剂4份、抗氧剂2.5份、防霉剂2.5份、阻燃剂1.5份和水11.份；
所述吸收层包括以下份计的原料：纳米粒子30份、油酸25.5份、聚乙烯醇23.5份、表面活性剂11份和防腐缓蚀剂6.5份。
其中，所述基层为无纺布。
其中，所述改性竹浆纤维包括以下份计的原料：竹浆纤维22.5份、壳聚糖16份、丝胶蛋白12.5份、过氧化氢溶液50份和高碘酸钠溶液60份。
其中，所述改性竹浆纤维的制备方法为：称取竹浆纤维加入高碘酸钠溶液中，以250r/min的转速搅拌15min，然后加入酸溶液调节至中性，依次加入壳聚糖、丝胶蛋白和过氧化氢溶液，超声处理1.5h，过滤得到滤渣，将滤渣放入烘箱，干燥后得到所述竹浆纤维。
其中，所述超声处理为在超声振荡仪中超声振荡1.5h，超声频率为30KHz，超声功率为125W。
其中，所述无机填料包括以下份计的原料：滑石粉26份、沸石23.5份、麦饭石16份、云母粉11.5份和电气石粉6.5份。
其中，所述增稠剂为瓜尔胶，所述保水剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素，所述增塑剂为己二酸二辛酯，所述抗氧剂为2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、三氧化磷、季戊四醇酯和乙二胺的混合物，所述防霉剂为吡啶硫酮锌，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁。
其中，所述纳米粒子为纳米氧化铝，所述纳米粒子的粒径为47nm，所述防腐缓蚀剂为磷酸盐，所述表面活性剂为单甘酯。
本实施例中提供一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）、按照配比称取保护层的原料，放入反应釜中，以350r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为70℃，加热时间为2.5h，得到保护层混合溶液；
（2）、按照配比称取吸收层的原料，放入另一反应釜中，以550r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为85℃，加热时间为1.5h，得到吸收层混合溶液；
（3）、将基层加工成型放入液氮中进行速冻，再将经过速冻的基层浸润在保护层溶液中15s后取出，进行烘干处理，使保护层均匀包覆在基层外表面；
（4）、在经步骤（3）处理后的壁纸的保护层上方均匀喷涂吸收层溶液，在85℃的温度下烘干25min，得到成品。
参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种具有抗菌功能的壁纸，包括基层，其特征在于，所述基层上包覆一层保护层，保护层上设有吸收层；
所述保护层包括以下份计的原料：改性竹浆纤维45~47份、硅藻土35~40份、绿茶粉25~27份、乙醇23~24份、甘油18~19份、海泡石15~16份、硝化纤维素13~15份、淀粉11~12份、无机填料8~9份、增稠剂6~8份、保水剂5~6份、增塑剂3~5份、抗氧剂2~3份、防霉剂2~3份、阻燃剂1~2份和水100~125份；
所述吸收层包括以下份计的原料：纳米粒子28~32份、油酸25~26份、聚乙烯醇23~24份、表面活性剂10~12份和防腐缓蚀剂5~8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述基层为壁纸原纸、纯纸、无纺纸、无纺布、纯棉布、化纤布和混纺布中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述改性竹浆纤维包括以下份计的原料：竹浆纤维20~25份、壳聚糖15~17份、丝胶蛋白12~13份、过氧化氢溶液45~55份和高碘酸钠溶液55~65份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述改性竹浆纤维的制备方法为：称取竹浆纤维加入高碘酸钠溶液中，以200～300r/min的转速搅拌10～20min，然后加入酸溶液调节至中性，依次加入壳聚糖、丝胶蛋白和过氧化氢溶液，超声处理1~2h，过滤得到滤渣，将滤渣放入烘箱，干燥后得到所述竹浆纤维。
5.根据权利要求4所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述超声处理为在超声振荡仪中超声振荡1～2h，超声频率为25～35KHz，超声功率为100～150W。
6.根据权利要求1所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述无机填料包括以下份计的原料：滑石粉25~27份、沸石23~24份、麦饭石15~17份、云母粉10~13份和电气石粉5~8份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述增稠剂为海藻胶、***胶和瓜尔胶中的一种或几种，所述保水剂为羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或几种，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、己二酸二辛酯、癸二酸二辛酯和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯中的一种或几种，所述抗氧剂为2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、三氧化磷、季戊四醇酯和乙二胺的混合物，所述防霉剂为吡啶硫酮锌，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁。
8.根据权利要求1所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸，其特征在于，所述纳米粒子为纳米二氧化钛、纳米二氧化硅、纳米氧化铝和纳米氧化锌中的一种或几种，所述纳米粒子的粒径为45~50nm，所述防腐缓蚀剂为磷酸盐，所述表面活性剂为单甘酯。
9.一种根据权利要求1~8任一项所述的具有抗菌功能的壁纸的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
（1）、按照配比称取保护层的原料，放入反应釜中，以300~400r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为60~80℃，加热时间为2~3h，得到保护层混合溶液；
（2）、按照配比称取吸收层的原料，放入另一反应釜中，以500~600r/min的转速边搅拌边加热，加热温度为80~90℃，加热时间为1~2h，得到吸收层混合溶液；
（3）、将基层加工成型放入液氮中进行速冻，再将经过速冻的基层浸润在保护层溶液中10~20s后取出，进行烘干处理，使保护层均匀包覆在基层外表面；
（4）、在经步骤（3）处理后的壁纸的保护层上方均匀喷涂吸收层溶液，在80~90℃的温度下烘干20~30min，得到成品。
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