CN107082428B - A method of cementite is prepared using more metal sulfate slags - Google Patents

A method of cementite is prepared using more metal sulfate slags Download PDF

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CN107082428B
CN107082428B CN201710296260.1A CN201710296260A CN107082428B CN 107082428 B CN107082428 B CN 107082428B CN 201710296260 A CN201710296260 A CN 201710296260A CN 107082428 B CN107082428 B CN 107082428B
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pelletizing
carburizing
ball
cementite
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CN107082428A (en
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陈栋
国宏伟
闫炳基
李鹏
李洪玮
万康
霍海疆
许泽敏
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Suzhou University
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Suzhou University
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method using more metal sulfate slags preparation cementite, comprising: is uniformly mixed more metal sulfate slags with binder, chlorinating agent, and pelletizing material is made;The pelletizing material is made into green-ball and heats chlorination after drying, then in CO+CO2+H2Or CH4+H2Carburizing, cooling in inert atmosphere is carried out in gas, obtains pelletizing after carburizing;Pelletizing after the carburizing is subjected to wet ball-milling, wet magnetic separation is carried out after ball milling, is dried to obtain cementite.Method provided by the invention prepares cementite efficient quick, low in cost, energy conservation and environmental protection.

Description

A method of cementite is prepared using more metal sulfate slags
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of metallurgy more particularly to a kind of methods using more metal sulfate slags preparation cementite.
Background technique
As a kind of important secondary resource, sulfate slag not only iron rich in, but also contain a small amount of copper, lead, zinc Equal non-ferrous metals.The Iron grade of sulfate slag is generally 30%~63%, is significantly higher than the iron ore average grade in China 33%, contains The non-ferrous metals such as some copper, lead, zinc also have considerable recovery value.According to statistics, about 15,000,000 tons of sulphur is discharged in China every year Acid sludge, the sulfate slag of stockpiling are more up to more than one hundred million tons, this part of sulfuric acid slag not only pollutes environment, occupies cultivated land, but also it contains Non-ferrous metal also bring harm to human body.As the by-product after pyrite-based sulfuric acid production, the Iron grade of sulfate slag is relatively low, The non-ferrous metals content such as copper, lead, zinc is higher, the embedding cloth relationship and complicated occurrence state of mineral.These features lead to current sulfuric acid Choosing, the smelting of slag are difficult, and the added value utilized is not high.
The utilization of more metal sulfate slags mainly includes following method both at home and abroad at present:
Traditional gravity treatment, flotation and magnetic separation process handle sulfate slag, be after sulfate slag to be milled down to certain particle size further according to Gravity treatment, magnetic separation and flotation can be respectively adopted to separate and recycle in the difference of the density of iron mineral and gangue, magnetism and surface nature Iron mineral, then iron ore concentrate can be prepared by filtering and drying.
Sulfate slag is added directly into sinter mixture perhaps in pellet feed using sintering process or pelletizing process system Standby sinter or pellet out.
Chlorinating roasting handles sulfate slag, is that chlorinating agent is added in sulfate slag, then in 800-1000 DEG C of progress medium temperature Non-ferrous metal is removed by wet-leaching roasted ore after chloridising roasting, then iron ore concentrate is obtained by magnetic separation;Or in 1000-1200 High temperature chlorination roasting is carried out between DEG C, non-ferrous metal generates volatilizable removing after chloride, and the pelletizing after roasting is again in 1200- High-temperature roasting is carried out between 1350 DEG C prepares oxide pellet for blast furnace process.
Chloridising roasting-direct-reduction-magnetic method handles sulfate slag, is to prepare balling-up after adding chlorinating agent in sulfate slag Then group carries out high temperature chlorination roasting between 1000-1200 DEG C and removes non-ferrous metal, after obtained agglomerates addition bituminous coal It is reduced directly, obtained direct-reduction pelletizing is purified metals iron by ball milling and magnetic separation process, is finally obtained high-grade Reduced iron powder.
Existing technology mainly has the disadvantage that: traditional gravity treatment, flotation and magnetic separation process preparation process can not remove copper, The iron ore concentrate added value of the non-ferrous metals such as lead, zinc, preparation is low, also needs just prepare blast furnace burden by multistep pyroprocess. The sinter perhaps non-ferrous metals content such as copper, lead, zinc in the sinter or pellet of pellet preparation is prepared with sulfate slag Height, copper will affect the quality of steel, and lead, zinc will lead to furnace nodulation, and since the Iron grade of sulfate slag is not high, this can be reduced The Iron grade of sinter or pellet, so as to cause the increase of blast furnace ironmaking process energy consumption.Chloridizing roast in medium tempera-ture handles sulfate slag, The iron ore concentrate of preparation also needs just prepare blast furnace burden by multistep pyroprocess, and wet method leaching process treating capacity is big; And high temperature chlorination roasting process can only handle the high sulfate slag of Iron grade.Chloridising roasting-direct-reduction-magnetic method handles sulfuric acid The reduced iron powder activity of slag, preparation is high, easy to oxidize, and especially mechanical milling process is easier to aoxidize.Due to active high, reduced iron powder Spontaneous combustion is also easy in storage and transportational process.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of method that can prepare cementite using more metal sulfate slags, can either take off Non-ferrous metal in sulphur removal acid sludge, and cementite can be prepared, it is effectively utilized sulfate slag.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that utilizing the preparation carbonization of more metal sulfate slags using a kind of The method of iron, comprising:
More metal sulfate slags are uniformly mixed with binder, chlorinating agent, and pelletizing material is made;
The pelletizing material is made into green-ball and heats chlorination after drying, then in CO+CO2+H2Or CH4+H2It is seeped in gas It is cooling in carbon, inert atmosphere, obtain pelletizing after carburizing;
Pelletizing after the carburizing is subjected to wet ball-milling, wet magnetic separation is carried out after ball milling, is dried to obtain cementite.
Preferably, pelletizing material is made to specifically include:
In more metal sulfate slags and binder, chlorinating agent mixing Shi Jiashui, it is uniformly mixed, obtains pelletizing material.
Preferably, the chlorinating agent is in calcium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric trichloride and ammonium chloride It is one or more.
Preferably, the dosage of the chlorinating agent described by weight percentage is 0-10%.
Preferably, the binder is bentonite or calcium hydroxide.
Preferably, the consumption of binder range is 0-3%.
Preferably, chlorination is heated after the pelletizing material is made green-ball and dried specifically, the dry bulb is heated to 1000- Between 1200 DEG C, chlorination in 0-40 minutes is carried out;
The temperature of the pelletizing carburizing is 550-800 DEG C, carburizing time 30-300min.
Preferably, the gas CO+CO that the carburizing uses2+H2Middle CO:CO2: H2Volume ratio is (50~100): (0~ 30): (0~20);
Or the CH4+H2Middle CH4: H2Volume ratio is (10~100): (0~90).
Preferably, described that pelletizing after the carburizing is subjected to wet ball-milling, wet magnetic separation is carried out after ball milling specifically:
Pelletizing after carburizing is crushed to granularity less than wet ball-milling is carried out after 1mm, and wet type magnetic is then carried out in magnetic separator Choosing;
The magnetic field strength of told magnetic separation process is 50~200mT.
The present invention provides a kind of methods using more metal sulfate slags preparation cementite, wherein the present invention is roasted by chlorination Burning-carburizing-magnetic method can remove the non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, zinc, and can prepare cementite, then pass through ball milling and magnetic separation Cheng Tichun cementite, in chlorination process, non-ferrous metal is converted into chloride, and the chloride is in 1000-1200 DEG C of roasting process In be converted into gas so as to volatilize removing, there are also small parts during ball milling and magnetic separation, cementite and gangue separation Simultaneously separated, thus obtain and stable chemical performance higher than the added value of iron ore concentrate and reduced iron powder, it is not oxidizable, The High Quality Charge Used for EAF cementite that power consumption can be reduced realizes the high value added utilization of more metal sulfate slags.
Compared with traditional beneficiation method, agglomerates of sintered pellets method and chlorinating roasting handle sulfate slag technique, process of the present invention Short, small investment, can directly prepare charging stock for electric furnace, and centre eliminates the process that blast furnace process prepares molten iron.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, With reference to embodiment The present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention provides a kind of methods using more metal sulfate slags preparation cementite, comprising:
More metal sulfate slags are uniformly mixed with binder, chlorinating agent, and pelletizing material is made;
The pelletizing material is made into green-ball and heats chlorination after drying, then in CO+CO2+H2Or CH4+H2It is seeped in gas It is cooling in carbon, inert atmosphere, obtain pelletizing after carburizing;
Pelletizing after the carburizing is subjected to wet ball-milling, wet magnetic separation is carried out after ball milling, is dried to obtain cementite.
In order to separate the iron in sulfate slag with other non-ferrous metals, needs pelletizing to operate, first prepares pelletizing material, Pelletizing material is made to specifically include:
In more metal sulfate slags and binder, chlorinating agent mixing Shi Jiashui, it is uniformly mixed, obtains pelletizing material.It is described The amount of being preferably added to of water is to be suitble to the easy balling-up of balling process pelletizing material all right, it is not necessary to which too many, the binder is preferably swollen Profit soil or calcium hydroxide, most preferably bentonite;The ratio that the consumption of binder accounts for sulfate slag total weight is preferably 0-3%, More preferably 1%~3%, most preferably 1.5%~2.5%.
The chlorinating agent is selected from one of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric trichloride and ammonium chloride Or a variety of, more preferably sodium chloride and calcium chloride.According to the present invention, the dosage of the chlorinating agent described by weight percentage accounts for total sulfur The 0-10% of acid sludge weight, more preferably 2%~9%, most preferably 6%~8%.The effect of chlorinating agent is primarily to make chlorine It is reacted between agent and metal, non-ferrous metal is formed into chloride, and chloride can be changed into gaseous state in high-temperature roasting Volatilization, thus separating most non-ferrous metal.
After pelletizing material prepares, green-ball is prepared with pelletizing material, carries out heating chlorine after the pelletizing material is made green-ball and dried Change operation, the heating chlorination is specifically, the dry bulb is heated between 1000-1200 DEG C, the chlorination of progress 0-40 minutes, More it is selected as 10~30 minutes, most preferably 20~30 minutes.
After chlorination, remaining iron is subjected to carburizing and generates cementite, when the temperature of the carburizing is 550-800 DEG C, carburizing Between be 30-300min.The gas CO+CO that the carburizing uses2+H2Middle CO:CO2: H2Volume ratio is preferably (50~100): (0~ 30): (0~20), more preferably (55~80): (10~20): (5~20), most preferably (65~75): (15~20): (10~ 20);
Or the CH4+H2Middle CH4: H2Volume ratio is (10~100): (0~90), more preferably (30~60): (20~ 70), most preferably (40~60): (40~60).
It is described that pelletizing after the carburizing is subjected to wet ball-milling after the completion of carburizing, wet magnetic separation is carried out after ball milling specifically: Pelletizing after carburizing is crushed to granularity less than wet ball-milling is carried out after 1mm, and wet magnetic separation is then carried out in magnetic separator;Told magnetic The magnetic field strength for selecting process is 50~200mT.
This law is bright to provide a kind of method using more metal sulfate slags preparation cementite, wherein the present invention is roasted by chlorination Burning-carburizing-magnetic method can remove the non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, zinc, and can prepare cementite, then pass through ball milling and magnetic separation Cheng Tichun cementite, in chlorination process, non-ferrous metal is converted into chloride, and the chloride is in 1000-1200 DEG C of roasting process In be converted into gas so as to volatilize removing, there are also small parts during ball milling and magnetic separation, cementite and gangue separation Simultaneously separated, thus obtain and stable chemical performance higher than the added value of iron ore concentrate and reduced iron powder, it is not oxidizable, The High Quality Charge Used for EAF cementite that power consumption can be reduced realizes the high value added utilization of more metal sulfate slags.
Compared with traditional beneficiation method, agglomerates of sintered pellets method and chlorinating roasting handle sulfate slag technique, process of the present invention Short, small investment, can directly prepare charging stock for electric furnace, and centre eliminates the process that blast furnace process prepares molten iron.
The following are specific embodiments:
Embodiment 1: the Iron grade 59.20% of sulfate slag, copper, lead, zinc content be respectively 0.89%, 1.11% and 0.29%, content of the sulfate slag less than 0.075mm is 78.58%.8%CaCl will be added to2With 1.8% bentonitic sulfate slag The profit mill 4min in damp mill, profit mill moisture 15% are prepared into the green-ball that diameter is 8-16mm after moistening mill in disc balling machine. Shatter strength of green pellet is 3.9 times/0.5m, after green-ball is dry at a temperature of 1100 chlorination 25min.Obtained chlorination pelletizing is 650 DEG C and CO:CO2: H2For carburizing 180min in the mixed gas of 65:15:20, hot-bulb cooling in nitrogen.Pelletizing is broken after cooling To less than 1mm.Under conditions of pulp density is 50%, ball milling obtains ball milling fineness 99% less than 200 in conical ball mill Mesh, then ore pulp magnetic separation in the magnetic separator that magnetic field strength is 130mT, it is 88.1% that the iron content that is carbonized in concentrate, which can be obtained, iron The rate of recovery 82% cementite.The removal efficiency of copper, lead and zinc is respectively to 90.73%, 98.68% and 87.74%.
Embodiment 2: the Iron grade 56.20% of sulfate slag, copper, lead, zinc content be respectively 0.39%, 0.89% and 0.59%, content of the sulfate slag less than 0.075mm is 86.58%.The bentonitic sulfate slag of 8%NaCl and 1.5% will be added to The profit mill 3min in damp mill, profit mill moisture 15% are prepared into the green-ball that diameter is 8-16mm after moistening mill in disc balling machine. Shatter strength of green pellet is 3.2 times/0.5m, after green-ball is dry at a temperature of 1100 chlorination 30min.Obtained chlorination pelletizing is 650 DEG C and CO:CO2: H2For carburizing 160min in the mixed gas of 70:10:20, hot-bulb cooling in nitrogen.Pelletizing is broken after cooling To less than 1mm.Under conditions of pulp density is 50%, ball milling obtains ball milling fineness 100% less than 200 in conical ball mill Mesh, then ore pulp magnetic separation in the magnetic separator that magnetic field strength is 120mT, it is 87.3% that concentrate carbonization iron content, which can be obtained, iron The cementite of the rate of recovery 80%.The removal efficiency of copper, lead and zinc is respectively to 89.73%, 97.36% and 85.74%.
Embodiment 3: the Iron grade 49.70% of sulfate slag, copper, lead, zinc content be respectively 0.28%, 1.35% and 0.69%, content of the sulfate slag less than 0.075mm is 80.12%.8%CaCl will be added to2With 2.1% bentonitic sulfate slag The profit mill 3min in damp mill, profit mill moisture 13% are prepared into the green-ball that diameter is 8-16mm after moistening mill in disc balling machine. Shatter strength of green pellet is 3.5 times/0.5m, after green-ball is dry at a temperature of 1100 chlorination 30min.Obtained chlorination pelletizing is 750 DEG C and CH4: H2For carburizing 80min in the mixed gas of 40:60, hot-bulb cooling in nitrogen.Pelletizing, which is crushed to, after cooling is less than 1mm.Under conditions of pulp density is 50%, ball milling obtains ball milling fineness 100% less than 200 mesh, so in conical ball mill Ore pulp magnetic separation in the magnetic separator that magnetic field strength is 130mT afterwards, it is 85.6% that concentrate carbonization iron content, which can be obtained, the rate of recovery of iron 75% cementite.The removal efficiency of copper, lead and zinc is respectively to 91.73%, 98.16% and 86.23%.
Embodiment 4: the Iron grade 38.61% of sulfate slag, copper, lead, zinc content be respectively 0.38%, 0.55% and 0.39%, content of the sulfate slag less than 0.075mm is 80.12%.6%CaCl will be added to2With 2.5% bentonitic sulfate slag The profit mill 2min in damp mill, profit mill moisture 11% are prepared into the green-ball that diameter is 8-16mm after moistening mill in disc balling machine. Shatter strength of green pellet is 3.3 times/0.5m, after green-ball is dry at a temperature of 1075 DEG C chlorination 20min.Obtained chlorination pelletizing exists 650 DEG C and CO:CO2: H2For carburizing 180min in the mixed gas of 65:15:20, hot-bulb cooling in nitrogen.Pelletizing is broken after cooling Broken arrive is less than 1mm.Under conditions of pulp density is 50%, ball milling obtains ball milling fineness 100% and is less than in conical ball mill 200 mesh, then ore pulp magnetic separation in the magnetic separator that magnetic field strength is 110mT, it is 83.6% that concentrate carbonization iron content, which can be obtained, iron The rate of recovery 72% cementite.The removal efficiency of copper, lead and zinc is respectively to 93.73%, 99.52% and 89.89%.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method using more metal sulfate slags preparation cementite characterized by comprising
More metal sulfate slags are uniformly mixed with binder, chlorinating agent, and pelletizing material is made;
The pelletizing material is made into green-ball and is roasted after drying, carburizing pelletizing is obtained;
By the carburizing with pelletizing heat chlorination after in CO+CO2+H2Or CH4+H2Carburizing, cooling in inert atmosphere is carried out in gas, Obtain pelletizing after carburizing;
Pelletizing after the carburizing is subjected to wet ball-milling, wet magnetic separation is carried out after ball milling, is dried to obtain cementite.
2. being specifically included the method according to claim 1, wherein pelletizing material is made:
In more metal sulfate slags and binder, chlorinating agent mixing Shi Jiashui, it is uniformly mixed, obtains pelletizing material.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the chlorinating agent is selected from calcium chloride, sodium chloride, chlorine Change one of potassium, magnesium chloride, ferric trichloride and ammonium chloride or a variety of.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the dosage of the chlorinating agent described by weight percentage is 0- 10%.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the binder is bentonite or calcium hydroxide.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein specific by chlorination is carried out after pelletizing material pelletizing drying Are as follows: dry bulb carries out chlorination in 0-40 minutes between 1000-1200 DEG C;
The temperature of the pelletizing carburizing is 550-800 DEG C, carburizing time 30-300min.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the gas CO+CO that the carburizing uses2+H2Middle CO:CO2: H2 Volume ratio is (50~100): (0~30): (0~20);
Or the CH4+H2Middle CH4: H2Volume ratio is (10~100): (0~90).
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein described carry out wet ball-milling, ball for pelletizing after the carburizing Wet magnetic separation is carried out after mill specifically:
Pelletizing after carburizing is crushed to granularity less than wet ball-milling is carried out after 1mm, and wet magnetic separation is then carried out in magnetic separator;
The magnetic field strength of the magnetic separation process is 50~200mT.
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CN107974559A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-05-01 中国科学院过程工程研究所 A kind of method that high-quality iron smelting pellets are prepared using pyrite cinder
CN108622899B (en) * 2018-05-31 2022-01-11 武汉理工大学 Pure Fe3Preparation method of C powder
CN108677022A (en) * 2018-06-19 2018-10-19 苏州大学 A kind of method that sintering dust separation ash prepares removing harmful element during cementite

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CN103030143A (en) * 2012-08-09 2013-04-10 北京大学 Iron carbide particle, and fabrication method and application thereof
CN103868770A (en) * 2014-02-24 2014-06-18 燕山大学 Preparation method of granulate Fe-C compound transmission electron microscope in-situ tensile sample
CN105586463A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-05-18 北京科技大学 Technique for directly reducing pellet ore by means of methanol

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1807237A (en) * 2005-12-31 2006-07-26 武汉科技大学 Method for preparing iron carbide using iron ore concentrate powder
CN103030143A (en) * 2012-08-09 2013-04-10 北京大学 Iron carbide particle, and fabrication method and application thereof
CN103868770A (en) * 2014-02-24 2014-06-18 燕山大学 Preparation method of granulate Fe-C compound transmission electron microscope in-situ tensile sample
CN105586463A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-05-18 北京科技大学 Technique for directly reducing pellet ore by means of methanol

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