CN107081010B

CN107081010B - Method for manufacturing gas filtering material

Info

Publication number: CN107081010B
Application number: CN201710473136.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴正新
Original assignee: Nanjing Haochen Hanze Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Haochen Hanze Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-06-21
Filing date: 2017-06-21
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-21
Also published as: CN107081010A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a gas filter material, which comprises the steps of soaking fibers with water absorbability into a copper ion solution which is alkalescent after electrolysis, and drying the soaked fibers to a preset humidity mode to manufacture the gas filter material, so that the gas filter material and gas filter equipment manufactured by using the gas filter material not only can filter micron-sized PM2.5 particulate matters, but also can filter chemical pollutants attached to the surfaces of the PM2.5 particulate matters and attached positively or negatively charged microbial bacteria. Chemical substances or microbial bacteria with positive and negative valence in the filtered gas are absorbed by the alkalescent copper ion solution in the gas filtering material, so that the gas can be filtered, the gas can have a bacteriostatic action on the gas, and particularly the air can be purified in haze weather.

Description

Method for manufacturing gas filtering material

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of how to separate air pollutants, in particular to a gas filtering material, a manufacturing method thereof and gas filtering equipment.

Background

Haze refers to fine particles formed by pollutants, gases and particulate matters discharged from various sources through a series of physical and chemical processes under the condition of a specific atmospheric flow field. The fine particles are interacted with water vapor in the daytime to cause the atmosphere to be delustred, and the haze phenomenon is formed. The particulate matters related to haze generally refer to particles with the particle size of 0.01-100 micrometers, PM2.5 refers to a general name of atmospheric particulate matters with the aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers, the name is atmospheric fine particles, PM2.5 caused by direct emission is less, and secondary particles generated by physical and photochemical processes of gas emitted from an emission source at one time are generally used as the main particles. Analysis of PM2.5 emission sources in Jingjin Ji area shows that the emission of coal, motor vehicle tail gas, catering oil fume, industrial air pollution and the like is the main cause of PM2.5 generation. The specific surface area of the PM2.5 particles is large, various pollutants are easy to adhere to the surfaces of the particles, and the particles are not beneficial to human health.

Researchers say that the emission of a large amount of motor vehicles in Beijing area is one of the causes of the increase of the atmospheric concentration of nitrogen oxides NOx and the synchronous increase of nitrates. The nitrate produced during the day is converted to the carcinogen nitrite at night under the action of sulfate. In addition, researchers call that excessive urea-carbonyl amine is used in agricultural planting, urea decomposes into ammonia nitrogen in soil, the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrite, the nitrite is converted into nitrate, and the like. In summer, the soil temperature is high, urea is converted into ammonia nitrogen within 5-34 hours under the action of microorganisms, and the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrite and continues to be converted into nitrate within several days. In winter, a plurality of microorganisms are dormant, urea is converted into ammonia nitrogen, the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrite, but the nitrite is converted into nitrate slowly at low temperature, and the conversion lasts for weeks or even 2-3 months. Therefore, the soil may accumulate a large amount of nitrite in winter. In addition, another source of nitrite and nitrate is the spoilage of crops in arable land, and microorganisms convert spoiled crops from nitrate to nitrite.

After daytime, part of the ammonia ions, nitrite, nitrate and water are evaporated or gasified together and adsorbed on the surface of the tiny water drops and particles. If the human body inhales the nitrite tobacco roots and the nitrate tobacco roots from the digestive system, a set of mechanisms exists for discharging the nitrite tobacco roots and the nitrate tobacco roots from the body. The world health organization WHO considers nitrite to be a possible carcinogen Group 2A if consumed.

The particulate matter of PM2.5 may itself be oxides, carbon particles or dust. Although listed as lung-entering particles, the particles cause allergy and asthma, nitrite and other pollutants adsorbed on the surfaces of the particles are carcinogenic substances and genotoxicity inducing substances, and the harm is great. Particularly, the cold of the human body easily induces bronchitis in winter.

The PM2.5 particles are generally eliminated by adopting a filtering mode, although the traditional filtering material can be used for filtering 2.5 micron particles by using a material with a small pore size, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate and the like attached to the PM2.5 particles can be evaporated, the pollutants can be directly stripped and evaporated from the surface of a particle carrier, and microorganisms with positive electricity or negative electricity and the like attached to the PM2.5 particles can also pass through the traditional filtering material when passing through the traditional filtering material, so that the technical problem to be solved is how to provide a filtering mode or a filtering material, which can filter micron-sized PM2.5 particles, chemical pollutants attached to the PM2.5 particle surface, and attached microorganisms with positive electricity or negative electricity.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the gas filtering material and the manufacturing method thereof and the gas filtering equipment are provided, so that the gas filtering material can filter micron-sized PM2.5 particles, and can also filter chemical pollutants attached to the surfaces of the PM2.5 particles and attached positively or negatively charged microorganisms.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a gas filtration material comprising: the fiber water absorption type electrolytic bath comprises fibers with water absorption and a solution which is used for soaking the fibers and is remained on the fibers when the fibers are dried to a preset humidity, wherein the solution is a copper ion solution which is weak in alkaline after electrolysis.

Wherein, acid, hydrogen chloride or sulfuric acid can be added into the copper ion solution to maintain the weak base value after electrolysis, and the main components of the copper ion solution comprise copper hydroxide, copper carbonate, hydrogen ion water adding molecules and hydroxide ion water adding molecules.

Ions and water molecules in the solution form a string-shaped region or a small region on the fiber along the fiber grains, and the string-shaped region or the small region comprises: cu (OH) ₂ ^. nH ₂ O、 Cu(OH) ^. nH ₂ O、CuCO ₃ ^. nH ₂ O、H ₃ O ⁺ 、OH ^-. H ₂ O。

The fiber is cotton or the blend of the cotton and nylon.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the gas filtering material, which comprises the following steps:

preparing a copper ion solution which is weakly alkaline after electrolysis, soaking fibers with water absorption into the solution, taking out the fibers, and drying the fibers to preset humidity;

the preparation method of the copper ion solution which is weakly alkaline after electrolysis comprises the following steps:

connecting two metal pipes mainly made of copper materials to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply respectively, conveying water in a water bucket between the two metal pipes by using a water pump, and then refluxing electrolyzed water into the water bucket to continuously reciprocate until a copper ion solution in the water bucket exceeds a preset concentration value;

and adjusting the copper ion solution in the water barrel into alkalescent copper ion solution.

Wherein, the fibre soaks in the solution, and ion and the hydrone in the solution form the cluster region or form the fritter region on the fibre along the fibre line, and cluster region or fritter region contain: cu (OH) ₂ ^. nH ₂ O、Cu(OH) ^. nH ₂ O、CuCO ₃ ^. nH ₂ O、H ₃ O ⁺ 、OH ^-. H ₂ O。

Adding an acid, hydrogen chloride or sulfuric acid to the copper ion solution to adjust the copper ion solution into a weakly alkaline copper ion solution.

The fiber is soaked in the solution, ions and water molecules in the solution form a string-shaped area along fiber grains or form a small area on the fiber, and the fiber comprises: cu (OH) ₂ ^. nH ₂ O、Cu(OH) ^. nH ₂ O、CuCO ₃ ^. nH ₂ O、H ₃ O ⁺ 、OH ^- ^. H ₂ O。

The invention also provides gas filtering equipment which is wrapped by a plastic bag with the functions of protection and moisture preservation, and after the plastic bag is removed, the equipment sequentially comprises the following components from the outer layer to the inner layer according to the trend of gas filtration: a first filter for filtering fine materials of dust and solids in gas, a second filter using the filter of any one of claims 1 to 5, and a third filter for preventing the surface material of the second filter from falling off.

According to the gas filtering material, the fibers with water absorbability are soaked in the copper ion solution which is alkalescent after electrolysis, and the soaked fibers are dried to the preset humidity mode to form the gas filtering material, so that the gas filtering material and the gas filtering equipment made of the gas filtering material can filter micron-sized PM2.5 particles, and can filter chemical pollutants attached to the surfaces of the PM2.5 particles and attached positively or negatively charged microorganisms. Chemical substances or microbial bacteria with positive and negative valence in the filtered gas are absorbed by the alkalescent copper ion solution in the gas filtering material, so that the gas can be filtered, the gas can have a bacteriostatic action on the gas, and particularly the air can be purified in haze weather.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus used in a method for manufacturing a gas filter material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas filtering apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a system 10 for electrolyzing a metal object to produce a desired metal ion solution. The metal tube 11 and the metal tube 12 are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the power supply 13, and the

metal tubes

11 and 12 are mainly made of copper. The water tank 14 is filled with a proper amount of clean water, and the water pump 15 conveys the water in the water tank 14, is electrolyzed while passing between the metal pipe 11 and the metal pipe 12, and then flows back into the water tank 14. The continuous electrolysis circulation operation stops the operation of the water pump 15 after the concentration of the copper ion solution in the water tank 14 exceeds a certain concentration. During the electrolysis process, part of hydrogen ions can form hydrogen gas to be lost, so that the electrolyte is gradually alkaline. The electrolyzed solution is adjusted to a weakly alkaline solution of copper ions, for example, by adding an acid, a small amount of hydrogen chloride or sulfuric acid, so that the pH of the solution in the water tank 14 is maintained at a weakly alkaline value, preferably in the range of 7 to 8. The adjusted solution is blue, and its main components include cupric hydroxide, cupric carbonate, hydrogen ion water-adding molecule, and hydroxide ion water-adding molecule. The sources of copper carbonate are mainly: if the electrolyte contains dissolved carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is electrolyzed to form carbonic acid, or if the electrolyte contains calcium carbonate, the carbon dioxide is electrolyzed to form carbonic acid. If the original electrolyte is free of carbonic acid, part of copper hydroxide generated by electrolysis gradually reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to be converted into copper carbonate. This adjusted solution will become the main component for the production of gas filter materials.

The gas filtering material is selected from fibers, and the fibers can be cotton or cotton and nylon blended yarns and have water absorption. The fiber material was soaked in the above-mentioned adjusted solution, and the fiber material was dyed blue. After removal, the fiber material is air dried until the fiber material is maintained at a predetermined moisture level, where moisture is the moisture content of the fiber, i.e., the moisture level is defined as the weight of the wet dyed fiber minus the weight of the dry dyed fiber, and then divided by the weight of the wet dyed fiber. If it isThe fiber has strong water absorption and a humidity value of 40-90%, and is suitable for selection of a filter fiber material. The fibrous material appears dry to the touch and wet. Various ions and water molecules in the solution form a cluster region along the lines of the fibers in a cluster or form small blocks on the fibers, and the cluster region or the small blocks comprise: copper (II) hydroxide with Water molecule Cu (OH) ₂ ^. nH ₂ O, copper (I) hydroxide with Water molecules Cu (OH) ^. nH ₂ O, copper carbonate water molecule CuCO ₃ ^. nH ₂ O, hydrogen ion water-adding molecule H ³ O ⁺ Hydroxide ion Water molecule OH ^-. H ₂ O, and the like.

The fiber material soaked with humidity is used as a filtering material, and can be used for absorbing and filtering various chemicals with positive and negative electric valence. For example, the haze contains ammonium positive ion NH ⁴⁺ After entering the filter material, the carbon fiber can react with hydroxyl or carbonate to form ammonia and water; the ammonia gas evaporates and the water is absorbed by the fibres. If the haze contains calcium ions or other metal ions, the haze reacts with hydroxide ions on the filter material to form hydroxides which are attached to the fibers of the filter material. If the haze contains hydrogen sulfide and meets the filtering material, sulfur ions are oxidized to form sulfur dioxide and are attached to the fibers by copper ions or are directly adsorbed on the fibers in a copper sulfide mode. If the haze contains nitrate radical, sulfate radical and the like, the haze reacts with copper ions on the filter material to form copper nitrate and copper sulfate which are adsorbed on the fibers. If the haze contains nitrite, when hydrogen ions and water molecules on the filter material contact with the nitrite, carcinogen nitrite can be converted into nitrate radical, and then the nitrate radical is adsorbed into copper nitrate by copper ions, or directly adsorbed on the fiber in a copper nitrite mode.

The filtering material mainly comprises a positive electrovalence copper ion metal component, and the copper ion is selected to have the advantages that in addition to the advantages, the reaction rate of copper ion oxidation is slow, so that the filtering and adsorbing operation is carried out, the activity is long, and after most of water on the filtering material is evaporated, the service cycle of the filtering material is finished, the copper ion forms crystals on fibers or is oxidized into copper oxide.

The wet fiber material after soaking treatment is used as filtering material, and may be combined with other traditional material for mask and other application to reduce gas pollutant. The gas filtering apparatus 20 shown in fig. 2 includes: the outermost layer of wrapped plastic bag 21, first filter 22, second filter 23, third filter 24. According to the arrow direction, the gas flows from left to right, and outer plastic bag 21 is mainly protection and moisturizing, removes outer plastic bag 21 packing back, and first filter media 22 is the fine mesh material, filters most dust and solid in the gas, and the mesh number on the natural first filter media 22 is bigger, and the aperture is less promptly, can reach good solid filter effect more.

If ammonium positive ions are attached to the surface of the solid matter filtered out by the first filter 22, the ammonium positive ions can penetrate through the first filter 22 after evaporation and reach the second filter 23 to form ammonia and water, the ammonia is volatilized, and the water is absorbed by the fibers, wherein the second filter 22 is the above-mentioned gas filter. If calcium ions or other metal ions are attached to the surface of the solid matter filtered out on the first filter medium 22, they can penetrate through the second filter medium 23 to form hydroxide and attach to the fibers thereof. If hydrogen sulfide is attached to the surface of the solid matter filtered out by the first filter 22, the hydrogen sulfide can penetrate through the second filter 23 after evaporation, and sulfur ions or sulfur dioxide are attached to the fibers by copper ions. If the solid matter filtered out from the first filter 22 has nitrate radicals, sulfate radicals, etc. attached to its surface, the solid matter can penetrate through the second filter 23 after evaporation to form copper nitrate, copper sulfate, etc. attached to its fibers. If nitrite is attached to the surface of the solid matter filtered out on the first filter medium 22, copper nitrite or copper nitrate is formed on the second filter medium 23 and attached to the fibers thereof. If the solid matter filtered out on the first filter medium 22 has microorganisms with positive or negative charges attached to the surface thereof, the microorganisms can penetrate through the first filter medium 22 and come to the second filter medium 23. The copper ions on the fibers of the second filter material 23 have a bacteriostatic effect on most of the microorganisms.

The third filter 24 is basically a protective layer, and reduces the shedding of the surface material of the second filter 23. The solids or oxides formed on the second filter 23 are collected by the third filter 24 when the solids or oxides are exfoliated after the water molecules are evaporated.

Thus, a system 10 according to embodiments of the present invention is used to electrolyze copper metal to produce an electrolytic solution having a desired copper ion concentration. The electrolyzed solution is adjusted into alkalescent copper ion solution, the solution is blue, and the main components of the solution comprise copper hydroxide, copper carbonate, hydrogen ion water adding molecules and hydroxide ion water adding molecules. The fiber material was soaked in the above-mentioned conditioning solution and the fiber material was dyed blue. Taking out and blowing to dry the fiber material by wind until the fiber material keeps preset humidity. Various ions and water molecules in the solution, which form clusters along the fiber texture or small regions on the fiber. The formation of the electrolytic solution on the filter material comprises: copper (II) hydroxide with Water molecules Cu (OH) ₂ ^. nH ₂ O, copper hydroxide (I) Water molecule Cu (OH) ^. nH ₂ O, copper carbonate water molecule CuCO ₃ ^. nH ₂ O, hydrogen ion water-adding molecule H ³ O ⁺ Hydroxyl ion and water molecule OH ^-. H ₂ O, and the like. The air filtering material is kept at a preset humidity value, and the fiber material is used for absorbing chemicals with positive and negative valence and has an antibacterial effect on positively or negatively charged microorganisms propagated by air. And ending the filtering use period after the water on the filtering material is evaporated.

In summary, in the gas filtering material, the manufacturing method thereof and the gas filtering apparatus according to the embodiments of the present invention, the gas filtering material is manufactured by soaking the fiber with water absorption property in the copper ion solution which is weakly alkaline after electrolysis, and drying the soaked fiber to the preset humidity, so that the gas filtering material and the gas filtering apparatus using the gas filtering material can not only filter the PM2.5 particles of micron order, but also filter the chemical pollutants attached to the surface of the PM2.5 particles, and the attached microorganisms with positive electricity or negative electricity. Chemical substances or microbial bacteria with positive and negative valence in the filtered gas are absorbed by the alkalescent copper ion solution in the gas filtering material, so that the gas can be filtered, the gas can be inhibited from bacteria, and the gas can be purified particularly in haze weather.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a gas filter material, comprising:

preparing a copper ion solution which is weakly alkaline after electrolysis, soaking fibers with water absorbability into the solution, taking out the fibers, and drying the fibers to preset humidity;

the preparation method of the copper ion solution which is alkalescent after electrolysis comprises the following steps:

connecting two metal pipes mainly made of copper materials to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply respectively, conveying water in a water bucket between the two metal pipes by using a water pump, and then refluxing electrolyzed water into the water bucket to reciprocate continuously until a copper ion solution in the water bucket exceeds a preset concentration value;

and adjusting the copper ion solution in the water barrel into a weakly alkaline copper ion solution.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fiber is soaked in the solution, and ions and water molecules in the solution form a string-shaped region along the fiber texture or a small block region on the fiber, and the string-shaped region or the small block region comprises: cu (OH) ₂ ^. nH ₂ O、Cu(OH) ^. nH ₂ O、CuCO ₃ ^. nH ₂ O、H ₃ O ⁺ 、OH ^-. H ₂ O。

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an acid is added to the copper ion solution to adjust the copper ion solution to a weakly alkaline copper ion solution.