Process method for treating indoor formaldehyde pollution
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of formaldehyde purification, and particularly relates to a process method for treating indoor formaldehyde pollution.
Background
In daily life, formaldehyde contained in indoor decoration materials, furniture and other plates has become one of the most serious pollutants in indoor air. The formaldehyde is released for a long time and is not easy to be removed in a short time. Formaldehyde is harmful to the human body in many ways, and is inhaled through the respiratory tract, mainly causing damage to the nervous system and the respiratory system.
The existing method for treating indoor formaldehyde pollution mainly comprises three methods of physical adsorption, photocatalysis and natural plant purification. The physical adsorption is mostly porous solid adsorption materials, such as activated carbon, activated alumina, diatomite and the like; most of the photocatalysis isN-type semiconductors, commonly predominantly made of TiO2CdS and ZnO2Etc. of which TiO2The photocatalyst has good stability, can be excited by ultraviolet light, has poor natural light source effect, can play a role in catalyzing and decomposing formaldehyde, but has weak decomposition capability, needs to rely on light and does not work at night; the efficiency of natural purification of plants is limited.
Therefore, it is the most urgent problem in the art to consider the advantages of various methods, treat the formaldehyde in the air as quickly as possible, and control the release of formaldehyde sources.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process method for treating indoor formaldehyde pollution comprises the following steps:
1) the environment-friendly penetrating decomposing agent is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the indoor furniture board;
2) increasing the temperature and humidity of the indoor space by using an electric heater and a humidifier;
3) opening doors and windows, and ventilating;
4) an air purifier containing an active carbon filter screen absorbs formaldehyde in indoor air.
Specifically, the environment-friendly osmotic decomposition agent in the step 1) is chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, glycine or a combination of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and glycine and one or two of sanchinin or tea polyphenol.
Specifically, the environment-friendly osmotic decomposition agent in the step 1) is dissolved in ethanol or deionized water.
Specifically, the step 2) is heated to over 35 ℃, the humidity reaches over 85 percent, and the door and window are sealed for 6 to 8 hours.
Specifically, the door and window are opened in the step 3), and ventilation is carried out for 6-8 hours.
Specifically, the doors and windows are closed in the step 3), and the air purifier is used for processing for 6-8 hours.
Specifically, the activated carbon in the step 4) is modified activated carbon.
Specifically, the step 2), the step 3) and the step 4) are carried out at any combination interval.
The invention also provides a preparation method for modifying the activated carbon, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) preparing a formaldehyde removing active agent, namely chitosan grafted amino acid polymer solution, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, and uniformly stirring;
2) putting activated carbon powder into the solution obtained in the step 1), stirring and soaking for 2 hours, filtering and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the penetrating decomposition agent is firstly sprayed on the surface of the indoor furniture board, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, the glycine, the dencichine or the tea polyphenol can penetrate into the furniture and the board and can be captured and reacted with a source released by formaldehyde to generate a harmless substance, and the penetrating decomposition agent is natural substances extracted from plants, such as the dencichine and the tea polyphenol, so that the penetrating decomposition agent is more environment-friendly than a chemical reagent and can not cause secondary pollution; in addition, the active carbon in the air purifier is modified to increase the adsorption capacity of the gas and improve the formaldehyde removal efficiency, and the method is a combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. And the formaldehyde can be removed to a large extent in a short time by combining the cyclic interval treatment of heating, humidification and ventilation.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, without restricting the invention thereto. All changes, modifications and equivalents that do not depart from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope thereof.
Example 1 spray effectiveness test of penetrating decomposing agent
An experimental device is set up according to the national standard QB-T2761-2006 method for measuring the purification effect of indoor air purification products. Spraying various combinations of penetrating decomposing agents to 1 square meter of bare board capable of releasing formaldehyde in 10 square meter of blank chamber, standing for 24 hr, and detecting formaldehyde concentration in the blank chamber to be 1mg/m2And respectively spraying a concentrated penetrating decomposing agent in each blank cabin, and detecting the concentration of formaldehyde in the blank cabin after 24 hours.
TABLE 1 measurement of Formaldehyde removal Effect of penetrating decomposing agent
As can be seen from Table 1, the penetrating decomposer provided by the invention has a good removal rate for formaldehyde, wherein sanchinin and tea polyphenol cannot play an effective removal rate under the independent action, but the test effect is remarkably improved after the penetrating decomposer is combined with chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and glycine.
Example 2 activated carbon modification experiment
Preparing 200ml of formaldehyde-removing active agent solutions with the mass fractions of 2%, 5% and 10%, respectively, stirring, adjusting the pH value to 8-9, taking 35g of activated carbon powder, placing the activated carbon powder in the prepared solution, stirring, soaking for 2 hours, and then filtering and drying to obtain the modified activated carbon. Unmodified activated carbon and modified activated carbon were placed in a philips ACA-301 air cleaner, respectively, and tested.
The test was carried out using the same experimental apparatus as in example 1, and the air purifiers loaded with unmodified and modified activated carbon were placed in a blank chamber of 10 square meters for a 1 square meter bare board capable of releasing formaldehyde, respectively, and the formaldehyde concentration in the blank chamber was measured after 2 hours.
The activated carbon modified by the formaldehyde removing active agent with the mass concentration of 2.5%, 5% and 10% has improved functions compared with the unmodified activated carbon, and the functions are shown in the following table.
TABLE 2 results of formaldehyde removal efficiency of activated carbon modification experiments
Example 3 indoor Formaldehyde removal experiment
A process method for treating indoor formaldehyde pollution comprises the following steps:
1) collecting diet utensils and clothes, quilts and bedsheets in the owners;
2) closing the door and window, preparing a solution by using an osmotic decomposition agent formed by combining chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, glycine, dencichine and tea polyphenol with ethanol or water, and uniformly spraying the solution on the surface of the indoor furniture board;
3) increasing the temperature and humidity of the indoor space by using an electric heater and a humidifier, specifically heating to over 35 ℃ and the humidity to over 85%;
4) after keeping for 6-8 hours, opening the door and the window, and ventilating;
5) continuously increasing the temperature and humidity of the indoor space by using the electric heater and the humidifier, specifically heating to over 35 ℃ and the humidity to over 85%;
6) the air purifier containing the modified activated carbon filter screen absorbs formaldehyde in indoor air;
7) and after keeping for 6-8 hours, opening the door and the window, and ventilating.