CN107070655A - One kind polarization and phase tangle coding method, device and quantum key dispatching system - Google Patents
One kind polarization and phase tangle coding method, device and quantum key dispatching system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0819—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/06—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network
- H04L63/062—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network for key distribution, e.g. centrally by trusted party
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of polarization and phase tangles coding method, device and quantum key dispatching system, and this method includes：First photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering that polarization-entangled light source is produced is converted to phase code by polarization encoder；It is converted into the first photon of phase code and the second photon formation polarization and phase entangled photon pairs of the polarization-entangled photon centering.The transmission advantage that the quantum key dispatching system for tangling code device composition based on polarization and phase can make full use of different coding in different channels, when realizing different channels transmission, photon is converted to phase code by polarization encoder.Using the quantum key dispatching system of the present invention, the quantum-key distribution demand of free space and fiber mix transmission can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical transport private communication technology field, more particularly to a kind of polarization and phase tangle coding method,
Device and quantum key dispatching system.
Background technology
It is to set up space-based quantum secret communication satellite network to realize one of Major Technology of wide area quantum secret communication
With ground metropolitan area/intercity quantum secret communication fiber optic network, ground optical fiber is connected by free space channel quantum satellite network
The main node of each metropolitan area of channel/intercity quantum secret communication network, realizes wide area quantum secret communication.Wide area quantum secure leads to
Letter system, the light quantum of coding is needed in two kinds of transmissions of free space and optical fiber, and the biography before communicating pair is reached
It can not be detected during defeated.Light quantum polarization encoder is the main code side that free space channel quantum-key distribution is used
Formula, light quantum phase code and polarization encoder are two kinds of main code modes that fiber channel quantum-key distribution is used.Optical fiber
Channel uses phase code, in particular by unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer phase code, can realize that environment is done
Immune fiber channel quantum key dispatching system is disturbed, possesses stabilization, the quantum-key distribution ability of long-range.If in free space
Channel uses phase code using polarization encoder, in fiber channel, then needs to realize turning between polarization encoder and phase code
Change.At present, the conversion method in quantum secret communication between polarization encoder and phase code is rarely reported.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to propose that a kind of polarization and phase tangle coding method, device and quantum-key distribution
System, the problem of phase code is converted to solve the polarization encoder of the quantum key dispatching system based on entangled photon pairs,
The problem that polarization and phase are tangled is realized, and foundation can be applied to free space and the polarization and phase of fiber mix channel entangle
Twine the problem of quantum key dispatching system.
To achieve the above object, coding method is tangled the invention provides one kind polarization and phase, methods described includes：
First photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering that polarization-entangled light source is produced is converted to phase by polarization encoder and compiled
Code；
Be converted into the first photon of phase code and the polarization-entangled photon centering the second photon formation polarization and
Phase entangled photon pairs；Wherein, second photon is polarization encoder；
The method that first photon is converted to phase code by polarization encoder, including：
By the first photon beam splitting it is the photon that is transmitted in two strip light paths by polarization beam apparatus, by being respectively arranged at
Phase encoder in the two strips light path, carries out phase code, and lead to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path
Cross bundling device and the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after phase code is closed into the light that beam is a light path output
Son, the conjunction beam is that the photon of a light path output has the polarization state of determination.
Optionally, the phase difference 180 degree of the phase encoder coding being respectively arranged in the two strips light path.
Optionally, the photon transmitted in the two strips light path synchronously arrives at the bundling device, and it is a light to close beam
The photon of road output.
Optionally, the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam apparatus is identical with the orthogonal polarisation state of first photon,
The polarization beam apparatus is by the orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of first photon to the two strips light path.
Optionally, when the polarization state for the photon transmitted in the two strips light path for being incident to the bundling device is identical
When, the bundling device is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization；
When the polarization state for the photon transmitted in the two strips light path for being incident to the bundling device is orthogonal polarisation state
When, the bundling device is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization or polarization beam combiner；When the bundling device uses polarization beam combiner, in institute
State eigenstate of the orthogonal polarisation state of the photon transmitted in two strip light paths for the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam combiner.
Optionally, the phase encoder using it is following any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm
Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer.
Optionally, when the phase encoder uses unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michael
During inferior interferometer, the polarization beam combiner is same device with the polarization beam apparatus.
Optionally, the method that the photon for controlling the conjunction beam to be a light path output has the polarization state of determination includes：
The polarizer is set after the bundling device；Or,
The polarizer is set respectively in the two strip light paths between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device；Or,
Polarization Controller is set in one between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device or two strip light paths.
Optionally, the polarization beam apparatus, the phase encoder, the bundling device, the Polarization Controller, described
The discrete device and waveguide device that inclined device and conduction light are used are Polarization Control type device, to the polarization state of photon in light path
It is controlled so that the beam that closes is the polarization state that the photon that a light path is exported has determination.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of polarization and phase tangles code device, including：Polarization
Beam splitter, bundling device and phase encoder；
The polarization beam apparatus is used for the first photon beam splitting of the polarization-entangled photon centering for producing polarization-entangled light source
For the photon transmitted in two strip light paths；
The phase encoder is respectively arranged in the two strips light path, and the phase encoder is used for described two
The photon transmitted in strip light path carries out phase code；
It is one that the bundling device, which is used to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after phase code closing beam,
The photon of bar light path output.
Optionally, the phase difference 180 degree of the phase encoder coding being respectively arranged in the two strips light path.
Optionally, the photon transmitted in the two strips light path synchronously arrives at the bundling device, and it is a light to close beam
The photon of road output.
Optionally, the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam apparatus is identical with the orthogonal polarisation state of first photon,
The polarization beam apparatus is by the orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of first photon to the two strips light path.
Optionally, when the polarization state for the photon transmitted in the two strips light path for being incident to the bundling device is identical
When, the bundling device is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization；
When the polarization state for the photon transmitted in the two strips light path for being incident to the bundling device is orthogonal polarisation state
When, the bundling device is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization or polarization beam combiner；When the bundling device uses polarization beam combiner, in institute
State eigenstate of the orthogonal polarisation state of the photon transmitted in two strip light paths for the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam combiner.
Optionally, the phase encoder using it is following any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm
Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer.
Optionally, when the phase encoder uses unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michael
During inferior interferometer, the polarization beam combiner is same device with the polarization beam apparatus.
Optionally, described device also includes：The polarizer or Polarization Controller；The polarizer or Polarization Controller are used to control
The system beam that closes is the polarization state that the photon that a light path is exported has determination；
When described device includes the polarizer, the polarizer is arranged at after the bundling device, or the polarizer
It is respectively arranged in two strip light paths between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device；
When described device includes Polarization Controller, the Polarization Controller is arranged at the polarization beam apparatus and the conjunction
In one between beam device or two strip light paths.
Optionally, the polarization beam apparatus, the phase encoder, the bundling device, the Polarization Controller, described
The discrete device and waveguide device that inclined device and conduction light are used are Polarization Control type device, to the polarization state of photon in light path
It is controlled so that the beam that closes is the polarization state that the photon that a light path is exported has determination.
In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of quantum key dispatching system, including：Polarization-entangled light
Source, phase decoder, polarization decoder, the polarization and phase of single-photon detector and above-mentioned introduction tangle code device；
The polarization-entangled light source is used to produce polarization-entangled photon pair；
The polarization and phase, which tangle code device, to be used for the first photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering by polarizing
Code conversion is phase code；
The phase decoder is used to carry out decoding operate to the first photon for being converted to phase code；
The polarization decoder is used to carry out decoding operate to the second photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering；Wherein,
Second photon is polarization encoder；
The single-photon detector is used to carry out the photon by the phase decoder and polarization decoder output
Detection, and quantum-key distribution is carried out according to testing result and quantum key distribution protocol.
Optionally, the phase set in the phase decoder tangles any one in code device with the polarization and phase
The phase that individual phase encoder is set is consistent or differs 90 degree, and carries out phase-modulation by quantum key distribution protocol.
Optionally, the system also includes：Quantum channel；
The quantum channel is used to transmit photon；The quantum channel is made up of at least following one kind：Fiber waveguide, optical fiber,
Free space, discrete optical element, planar waveguide optical element, fibre optic member.
Optionally, the quantum channel that the polarization-entangled light source and the polarization and phase are tangled between code device, with
And the quantum channel between the polarization-entangled light source and the polarization decoder is non-depolarization quantum channel.
Optionally, the system also includes：Polarization-independent beam splitting device；
The polarization-independent beam splitting device is used to receive tangles the photon that code device is sent by the polarization and phase, and
The polarization and phase are tangled into the equiprobable beam splitting of photon that code device sends into two phase decoders；
The polarization-independent beam splitting device is additionally operable to receive the second photon that the polarization-entangled light source is sent, and will be described
The equiprobable beam splitting of second photon is into two polarization decoders.
Optionally, the phase decoder using it is following any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm
Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer.
Optionally, when the phase decoder uses unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, the phase decoder
Two output ports are connected with single-photon detector respectively；
When the phase decoder uses unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer
When, the system also includes：Optical circulator；
The first port of the optical circulator receives the polarization and phase tangles code device or unrelated point of the polarization
The photon that beam device is sent, the second port of the photon from the optical circulator is exported to the phase decoder, and is passed through
The phase decoder is sent to single-photon detector；The second port of the optical circulator receives the phase decoder and sent
The photon come, and exported by the 3rd port of the optical circulator to another single-photon detector.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention at least has following advantages：
Polarization of the present invention and phase tangle coding method, device and quantum key dispatching system, by polarization-entangled
The polarization encoder of first photon of photon centering is converted to phase code, to realize the second light of the polarization-entangled photon centering
It is sub to be polarized and phase entangled photon pairs with the first photon formation for being converted to phase code.Volume is tangled based on polarization and phase
The quantum key dispatching system of code device composition can make full use of transmission advantage of the different coding in different channels, realize different
During transmission, photon is converted to phase code by polarization encoder, to set up the wide area quantum secret communication net of Incorporate
Network establishes technical foundation.For example, tangling polarization and phase entangled photon pairs that code device is produced, photon with phase by polarizing
The photon of centering polarization encoder is in free space transmission, and the photon of phase code can be achieved freely in fibre channel transmission
Space and fiber mix channel quantum-key distribution.For another example the light of polarization and phase entangled photons one polarization encoder of centering
Son is in free space transmission, and the photon of another polarization encoder is coupled into optical fiber after the segment distance of free space transmission one
Transmission, the photon uses polarization encoder when space channel is transmitted, by space channel couples to fiber channel when carry out it is inclined
The coding that shakes turns phase code, is converted to after phase code in fibre channel transmission.The inventive method is simple, be easily achieved, and can have
Effect solution entangled light source polarization encoder is converted to phase code, realizes that polarization and phase are tangled, and realizes applied to freely empty
Between and the quantum entanglement distribution of fiber mix channel and the problem such as quantum-key distribution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 tangles the flow chart of coding method for the polarization and phase of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of fourth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of fifth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of sixth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of seventh embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 tangles the composition structural representation of code device for the polarization and phase of eighth embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the composition structural representation of the unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer of ninth embodiment of the invention；
Figure 10 is the composition structural representation of the unequal arm Michelson's interferometer of tenth embodiment of the invention；
Figure 11 is the composition structural representation of unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer of eleventh embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Figure 12 and 13 is the composition structural representation of the quantum key dispatching system of twelveth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein, accompanying drawing constitutes the application part, and
It is used for the principle for explaining the present invention together with embodiments of the present invention.For purpose of clarity and simplification, when it may make the present invention
Theme it is smudgy when, illustrating in detail for known function and structure in device described herein will be omitted.
The main purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of polarization and phase is tangled coding method, constructed according to this method
Polarization and phase tangle code device, and the quantum key dispatching system being made up of this code device.The present invention will entangle
The first photon for twining the polarization-entangled photon centering of light source generation is converted to phase code by polarization encoder.By the first photon by inclined
Code conversion of shaking is that the method for phase code is：By polarization beam apparatus by the first photon beam splitting be in two strip light paths transmit
Photon, carry out phase code modulation respectively to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path, then will be in two strip light paths
The photon of transmission closes beam and is the photon of a light path output, and the photon for making the conjunction beam be a light path output has the inclined of determination
Polarization state.It is converted into the first photon of phase code and the second photon formation polarization and phase of the polarization-entangled photon centering
Entangled photon pairs.Using transmission advantage of the different coding in different channels, the quantum for meeting different channels transmission demand is set up
Key dispatching system.This method is simple, be easily achieved.
Just technical scheme is described in detail by several specific embodiments below.
First embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle coding method, as shown in figure 1, including walking in detail below
Suddenly：
Step S101：First photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering that polarization-entangled light source is produced is changed by polarization encoder
For phase code.
Specifically, polarization-entangled light source produces a pair of polarization-entangled photons.The polarization state of polarization-entangled photon pair is one group orthogonal inclined
Polarization state, conventional orthogonal polarisation state is one group of linear polarization of horizontal and vertical polarization, spends the one group of linear polarization polarized for 45 degree and -45
State, left-handed and right-handed circular polarization one group of circular polarization state.By taking one group of linear polarization of horizontal and vertical polarization as an example, polarization-entangled light source
A pair of the polarization-entangled photons produced are four Bell statesIn
Any one, wherein, H and V represent horizontal and vertical polarization state respectively, and subscript 1 and 2 represents the first photon and the second light respectively
Son.
Further, the method that the first photon is converted to phase code by polarization encoder, including：
By the first photon beam splitting it is the photon that is transmitted in two strip light paths by polarization beam apparatus, by being respectively arranged at
Phase encoder in the two strips light path, carries out phase code, and lead to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path
Cross bundling device and the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after phase code is closed into the light that beam is a light path output
Son, the conjunction beam is that the photon of a light path output has the polarization state of determination.
Wherein, the phase difference 180 of the two phase encoders coding being respectively arranged in the two strips light path
Degree.
Wherein, the photon transmitted in the two strips light path synchronously arrives at the bundling device, and it is a light path to close beam
The photon of output.
Wherein, the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam apparatus is identical with the orthogonal polarisation state of first photon, institute
Polarization beam apparatus is stated by the orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of first photon to the two strips light path.
For example, common polarization beam apparatus can respectively be transmitted and transmission and reflection to horizontal and vertical polarization polarization state,
Left-right-hand circular polarization polarization state 90 degree of slides and half slide can be used are re-shoot after being converted to horizontal and vertical polarization polarization state
To polarization beam apparatus, half slide can be used to be converted to after horizontal and vertical polarization polarization state 45 degree and -45 degree polarization polarization states
Reenter the polarization beam apparatus for being incident upon polarization beam apparatus or horizontal and vertical polarization polarization state being transmitted and reflected respectively
45 degree of rotation.
Wherein, the bundling device includes：Polarize unrelated bundling device or polarization beam combiner；When be incident to the bundling device
When the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path is identical, the bundling device is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization；Work as incidence
When extremely the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path of the bundling device is orthogonal polarisation state, the bundling device is adopted
With the unrelated bundling device of polarization or polarization beam combiner；When the bundling device uses polarization beam combiner, in the two strips light path
The orthogonal polarisation state of the photon of transmission is the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam combiner.
Wherein, the phase encoder using it is following any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm are stepped
Ke Erxun interferometers, unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer.
Wherein, when the phase encoder uses unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michelson
During interferometer, the polarization beam combiner is same device with the polarization beam apparatus.
Further, it is described to close the photon that beam is the output of light path and have the polarization state of determination, control the beam that closes to be
The method that the photon of one light path output has the polarization state of determination includes：
The polarizer is set after the bundling device；Or,
The polarizer is set respectively in the two strip light paths between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device；Or,
Polarization Controller is set in one between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device or two strip light paths.
In addition, the polarization beam apparatus, the phase encoder, the bundling device, the Polarization Controller, described being polarized
The discrete device and waveguide device that device and conduction light are used are Polarization Control type device, and the polarization state to photon in light path is entered
Row control so that the beam that closes is the polarization state that the photon that a light path is exported has determination.
Step S102：It is converted into the first photon of phase code and the second photon shape of the polarization-entangled photon centering
Into polarization and phase entangled photon pairs；Wherein, second photon is polarization encoder.
Polarization-entangled light source produces a pair of polarization-entangled photons in the present embodiment, by any of polarization-entangled photon centering
One photon is incident to polarization beam apparatus, and the photon beam splitting is the photon transmitted in two strip light paths by polarization beam apparatus, right
The photon transmitted in two strip light paths carries out phase code by phase encoder respectively, by bundling device by after phase code
The photon that is transmitted in two strip light paths close the photon that beam is a light path output.The phase set respectively in two strip light paths
The phase difference 180 degree of position encoder coding.To make the polarization state of the photon exported after conjunction beam not associated with phase, two sub-lights
The photon transmitted on road closes the polarization state for having determination after the photon that beam is a light path output.Make the light transmitted in two strip light paths
The method that son closes the polarization state for having determination when being exported after beam includes：The photon exported after conjunction beam is exported after the polarizer to biography
Defeated quantum channel；Or the polarizer is placed in the two strip light paths between polarization beam apparatus and bundling device, make two sub-lights
The photon on road has conjunction beam after identical polarization state to export to the quantum channel of transmission；Or between polarization beam apparatus and bundling device
One or two strip light paths in place Polarization Controller, by the photonic modulation of two strip light paths be identical polarization state after close beam it is defeated
Go out to the quantum channel of transmission.Another photon for the entangled photons centering that entangled light source is produced keeps polarization encoder constant, this
Sample just generates polarization and phase entangled photon pairs, and a photon uses phase code, and another photon uses polarization encoder.
Second embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in Fig. 2 specifically including with the following group
Into part：Polarization beam apparatus 201, two phase encoders 202 and 203, and bundling device 204；
1) polarization beam apparatus 201 is used for the first photon beam splitting of the polarization-entangled photon centering for producing polarization-entangled light source
For the photon transmitted in two strip light paths.
Specifically, the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of polarization beam apparatus 201 is identical with the orthogonal polarisation state of first photon, partially
Beam splitter 201 shake by the orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of first photon to the two strips light path.
2) phase encoder 202 and 203 is respectively arranged at two sub-lights between polarization beam apparatus 201 and bundling device 204
Lu Shang, phase encoder 202 and 203 is used to carry out phase code to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path.
Specifically, the phase difference 180 degree that phase encoder 202 and phase encoder 203 are encoded.
Specifically, phase encoder 202 and 203 pairs of photons carry out phase codes, phase encoder 202 and 203 use with
Descend any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-Michelson
Interferometer.
3) it is one that bundling device 204, which is used to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after phase code closing beam,
The photon of bar light path output.
Specifically, bundling device 204 includes：Polarize unrelated bundling device or polarization beam combiner；When be incident to bundling device 204
When the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path is identical, bundling device 204 is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization；When being incident to
When the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path of bundling device 204 is one group of orthogonal polarization state, bundling device 204
To polarize unrelated bundling device or polarization beam combiner；When bundling device 204 is using the polarization beam combiner, in the two strips light path
The orthogonal polarisation state of the photon of upper transmission is the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam combiner.
Further, phase encoder 202 and 203 uses the unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or the unequal arm method
During La-Michelson's interferometer, polarization beam combiner 204 is same device with polarization beam apparatus 201.
Further, the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after the beam splitting of polarization beam apparatus 201 synchronously arrives at conjunction
Beam device 204 simultaneously closes beam to export all the way.
Further, by the first photon that code device is tangled by polarization and phase of the polarization-entangled photon centering
With the second photon formation polarization and phase entangled photon pairs of the polarization-entangled photon centering.
Further, described device also includes：The polarizer or Polarization Controller；The polarizer or Polarization Controller are used
It is that the photon of a light path output has the polarization state of determination in controlling the conjunction beam；
When described device includes the polarizer, the polarizer is arranged at after bundling device 204, or the polarizer point
It is not arranged in two strip light paths between polarization beam apparatus 201 and bundling device 204；Or
When described device includes Polarization Controller, the Polarization Controller is arranged at polarization beam apparatus 201 and bundling device
In one between 204 or two strip light paths.
In addition, polarization beam apparatus 201, phase encoder 202 and 203, bundling device 204, the Polarization Controller, described
The discrete device and waveguide device that inclined device and conduction light are used are Polarization Control type device, to the polarization state of photon in light path
It is controlled so that the beam that closes is the polarization state that the photon that a light path is exported has determination.
Third embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in figure 3, specifically including with the following group
Into part：Polarization beam apparatus 301, two phase encoders 302 and 305, two speculums 303 and 304, bundling devices 306, and
The polarizer 307.
Any one photon for the polarization-entangled photon centering that polarization-entangled light source is produced is inputted to polarization beam apparatus 301,
Polarization beam apparatus 301 is by two orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of incident photon to two strip optic paths.Pass through phase code all the way
Device 302 is carried out after phase code, and an input port of bundling device 306 is reflexed to by speculum 303；Another road passes through reflection
After mirror 304 reflects, carry out phase code through phase encoder 305 and export to another input port of bundling device 306.Two
Sub-light road synchronously arrives at bundling device 306, and bundling device 306 is exported to the polarizer 307 after the photon of two strip optic paths is closed into beam.
The polarizer 307 make two polarization states of incident photon have identical probability by and export.Polarization coupling can be used in bundling device 306
The unrelated bundling device of polarization can also be used in device.Speculum 303 and 304 is used for the direction of propagation for adjusting light path, it is also possible to waveguide device
Substitute the direction of propagation for carrying out photon transmission and adjusting light path.Polarization and phase are tangled in code device, and conduction light is used
Discrete device and waveguide device, phase encoder, polarization beam apparatus, bundling device, the polarizer etc. are Polarization Control type device.
Fourth embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in figure 4, specifically including with the following group
Into part：Polarization beam apparatus 401, two phase encoders 402 and 403, and the polarizer 404.
First port of any one photon through polarization beam apparatus 401 for the polarization-entangled photon centering that entangled light source is produced
A is inputted, and polarization beam apparatus 401 is by two orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of incident photon to two strip optic paths.One route polarization
3rd port C of beam splitter 401 is exported to phase encoder 402 and is carried out phase code, defeated by phase encoder 402 after reflection
Inbound port is exported to polarization beam apparatus 401.Another route port D of polarization beam apparatus 401 the 4th exports to phase encoder 403
Line phase is encoded, and is exported after reflection by the input port of phase encoder 403 to polarization beam apparatus 401.The He of phase encoder 402
403 using unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer.The two-way photon reflected synchronously arrives at polarization beam apparatus 401 and closed
Beam is exported to the polarizer 404 by the second port B of polarization beam apparatus 401 for all the way, and the polarizer 404 makes two of incident photon
Polarization state have identical probability by and export.Polarization and phase are tangled in code device, the discrete device that uses of conduction light and
Waveguide device, phase encoder, polarization beam apparatus, polarizer etc. are Polarization Control type device.
Fifth embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in figure 5, specifically including with the following group
Into part：Optical circulator 501, polarization beam apparatus 502, two phase encoders 503 and 504, and the polarizer 505.
First port A of any one photon through optical circulator 501 for the polarization-entangled photon centering that entangled light source is produced
Input, and the second port B through optical circulator 501 is exported to polarization beam apparatus 502.Polarization beam apparatus 502 is by incident photon
Two orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting are to two strip optic paths.All the way through phase encoder 503 carry out phase code, after reflection by
The input port of phase encoder 503 is exported to polarization beam apparatus 502.Another road carries out phase code through phase encoder 504,
Exported after reflection by the input port of phase encoder 504 to polarization beam apparatus 502.Phase encoder 503 and 504 is not using
Equiarm Michelson's interferometer.The two-way photon reflected synchronously arrives at polarization beam apparatus 502 and closes beam for all the way, and through polarization
The input port of beam splitter 502 is exported to the second port B of optical circulator 501, and optical circulator 501 inputs second port B
Photon transmission is to the port C of optical circulator the 3rd and exports to the polarizer 505, and the polarizer 505 makes two polarization states of incident photon
Have identical probability by and export.Polarization and phase are tangled in code device, discrete device and wave guide that conduction light is used
Part, phase encoder, polarization beam apparatus, optical circulator, polarizer etc. are Polarization Control type device.
Sixth embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in fig. 6, specifically including with the following group
Into part：Polarization beam apparatus 601, two phase encoders 602 and 606, two speculums 604 and 605, two polarizers 603
With 607, and bundling device 608.
Any one photon for the polarization-entangled photon centering that entangled light source is produced is inputted to polarization beam apparatus 601, polarization
Beam splitter 601 is by two orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of incident photon to two strip light paths.Carried out all the way by phase encoder 602
After phase code, by the outgoing of the polarizer 603 to speculum 604, reflected mirror 604 reflexes to an incidence of bundling device 608
Port；After another road is reflected by speculum 605, carry out phase code through phase encoder 606 and export to the polarizer 607,
Exported by the polarizer 607 to another input port of bundling device 608.Two strip light paths synchronously arrive at bundling device 608.It is polarized
Device 603 is identical with the polarization state for the photon that 607 make the output of two strip light paths, and has identical probability respectively by the polarizer 603
With 607.Polarization and phase are tangled in code device, discrete device and waveguide device, phase encoder, polarization that conduction light is used
Beam splitter, bundling device, polarizer etc. are Polarization Control type device.Speculum 604 and 605 is used for the propagation side for adjusting light path
To, it is also possible to waveguide device substitutes the direction of propagation for carrying out photon transmission and adjusting light path.Change phase encoder 602 and rise
Order between inclined device 603, and change the order between phase encoder 606 and the polarizer 607, it is as a result unaffected.
Seventh embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in fig. 7, specifically including with the following group
Into part：Polarization beam apparatus 701, two phase encoders 702 and 706, two speculums 704 and 705, two Polarization Controllers
703 and 707, and bundling device 708.
Any one photon for the polarization-entangled photon centering that entangled light source is produced is inputted to polarization beam apparatus 701, polarization
Beam splitter 701 is by two orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of incident photon to two strip optic paths.Pass through phase encoder 702 all the way
Carry out after phase code, by outgoing after the modulating polarization state of Polarization Controller 703 to speculum 704, reflected mirror 704 is reflexed to
One entry port of bundling device 708；After another road is reflected by speculum 705, phase code is carried out through phase encoder 706
And export to Polarization Controller 707, exported after the modulating polarization state of Polarization Controller 707 to bundling device 708 another is defeated
Inbound port.Two strip light paths synchronously arrive at bundling device 708.Modulating polarization controller 703 and 707 makes the light of two strip optic paths
Son is in identical polarization state and is incident to bundling device 708.Polarization and phase are tangled in code device, the deviding device that conduction light is used
Part and waveguide device, phase encoder, polarization beam apparatus, bundling device, Polarization Controller etc. are Polarization Control type device.Reflection
Mirror 704 and 705 is used for the direction of propagation for adjusting light path, it is also possible to which waveguide device substitutes progress photon transmission and adjusts light path
The direction of propagation.Change the order between phase encoder 702 and Polarization Controller 703, and change phase encoder 706 and inclined
The order shaken between controller 707, it is as a result unaffected.
Eighth embodiment of the invention, one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, as shown in figure 8, specifically including with the following group
Into part：Polarization beam apparatus 801, two phase encoders 802 and 806, two speculums 804 and 805, Polarization Controllers 803,
And bundling device 807.
Any one photon for the polarization-entangled photon centering that entangled light source is produced is inputted to polarization beam apparatus 801, polarization
Beam splitter 801 is by two orthogonal polarisation state beam splitting of incident photon to two strip light paths.Carried out all the way by phase encoder 802
After phase code, by outgoing after the modulating polarization state of Polarization Controller 803 to speculum 804, reflected mirror 804 reflexes to conjunction beam
One entry port of device 807；After another road is reflected by speculum 805, phase code is carried out and defeated through phase encoder 806
Go out to another input port of bundling device 807.Two strip light paths synchronously arrive at bundling device 807.The modulation of Polarization Controller 803 should
Light path inputs to the polarization state of bundling device 807 and another light path that to input polarization state to bundling device 807 consistent.Polarization and phase are entangled
Twine in code device, discrete device and waveguide device, phase encoder, polarization beam apparatus, bundling device, polarization that conduction light is used
Controller etc. is Polarization Control type device.Speculum 804 and 805 is used for the direction of propagation for adjusting light path, it is also possible to wave guide
Part substitutes the direction of propagation for carrying out photon transmission and adjusting light path.Change between phase encoder 802 and Polarization Controller 803
Order, it is as a result unaffected.It is as a result unaffected when Polarization Controller 803 is positioned over another light path.
Ninth embodiment of the invention, a kind of unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, as shown in figure 9, specifically including with the following group
Into part：The 3dB polarizations of two 2 × 2 keep beam splitter 903 and 906, polarization to keep delay line 904, and a polarization to keep
Phase-modulator 905.
3dB polarizations keep one of two ports 901 and 902 of side of beam splitter 903 as the input of phase encoder
End, 3dB polarizations keep one of two ports 907 and 908 of opposite side of beam splitter 906 as the output end of phase encoder,
Polarization keeps two arms that delay line 904 and polarization keep phase-modulator 905 to insert Mach-Zender interferometer respectively.Work
When making, port 901 or 902 of the photon through polarization holding beam splitter 903 is divided into two-way into polarization holding beam splitter 903 and transmitted,
Delay line 904 is kept to be delayed by polarization all the way, another road keeps phase-modulator 905 to carry out phase-modulation through polarization, relatively
The photon transmitted in two light paths after delay keeps beam splitter 906 to synthesize a routed port 907 or 908 output through polarization.
When polarization keeps delay line 904 and polarization to keep phase-modulator 905 to be located at the same arm of Mach-Zender interferometer, on
State result unaffected.
A kind of tenth embodiment of the invention, unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, as shown in Figure 10, specifically includes consisting of
Part：2 × 2 3dB polarizations keep beam splitter 1003, two speculums 1005 and 1007, polarizations to keep phase-modulator 1006,
And polarization keeps delay line 1004.
3dB polarizations keep two ports 1001 and 1002 of the side of beam splitter 1003 respectively as the defeated of phase encoder
Enter and output end, 3dB polarizations keep one of two-port of opposite side of beam splitter 1003 to be sequentially connected polarization and keep delay line
1004th, speculum 1005, homonymy another port, which is then linked in sequence to polarize, keeps phase-modulator 1006, speculum 1007.Work
When, port 1001 of the photon through polarization holding beam splitter 1003 is divided into two-way into polarization holding beam splitter 1003 and transmitted, all the way
Keep delay line 1004 to be delayed through polarization, reflected by speculum 1005, another road keeps phase-modulator 1006 through polarization
Reflected mirror 1007 is reflected again after progress phase-modulation, and the photon transmitted in two light paths reflected is protected through polarization
One routed port 1002 of synthesis of beam splitter 1003 is held to export.When polarization keeps delay line 1004 and polarization to keep phase-modulator
1006 when being serially connected in same port, and the above results are unaffected.Photon is inputted by 1002 ports, 1001 ports are exported and with port
1001 or 1002 is simultaneously identical with result when exporting as input.
Eleventh embodiment of the invention, a kind of unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer, as shown in figure 11, specific bag
Include consisting of part：2 × 2 3dB beam splitters 1103, two 90 degree of rotation faraday speculums 1105 and 1107, delay line
1104, and phase-modulator 1106.
Input and output of two ports 1101 and 1102 of the side of 3dB beam splitters 1103 respectively as phase encoder
Hold, one of two-port of opposite side of 3dB beam splitters 1103 is sequentially connected delay line 1104,90 degree of rotation faraday's speculums
1105, homonymy another port is then linked in sequence phase-modulator 1106,90 degree of rotation faraday speculums 1107.During work, light
Port 1101 of the son through beam splitter 1103 is divided into two-way transmission into beam splitter 1103, is delayed all the way by delay line 1104, by
90 degree of rotation faraday speculums 1105 are reflected, and another phase modulated device 1106 in road is carried out after phase-modulation again through 90 degree
Rotation faraday speculum 1107 is reflected, and the photon transmitted in two light paths reflected is synthesized through beam splitter 1103
One routed port 1102 is exported.When phase-modulator 1104 and delay line 1106 are serially connected in same port, the above results not by
Influence.Photon is inputted by 1102 ports, 1101 ports output and using port 1101 or 1102 simultaneously as being tied when input and output
It is really identical.
A kind of twelveth embodiment of the invention, quantum key dispatching system as shown in figure 12, specifically includes consisting of portion
Point：Polarization-entangled light source 1201, quantum channel 1202,1204 and 1212, two polarization-independent beam splitting devices 1205 and 1213, two
Phase decoder 1206 and 1209, two polarization beam apparatus 1214 and 1217, eight single-photon detectors 1207,1208,1210,
1211st, 1215,1216,1218 and 1219, and the polarization and phase of above-mentioned introduction tangle code device 1203.
Polarization-entangled light source 1201 is used to produce polarization-entangled photon pair.
Quantum channel 1202,1204 and 1212 is used to transmit photon.
Polarization and phase, which tangle code device 1203, to be used for the first photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering by polarizing
Code conversion is phase code.
Phase decoder 1206 and 1209 is used to carry out decoding operate to the first photon for being converted to phase code；
Polarization beam apparatus 1214 and 1217 is used to carry out decoding operate to the second photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering；
Wherein, second photon is polarization encoder；
It is defeated by phase decoder 1206 and 1209 that single-photon detector 1207,1208,1210 and 1211 is respectively used to detection
The photon gone out, it is defeated by polarization beam apparatus 1214 and 1217 that single-photon detector 1215,1216,1218 and 1219 is respectively used to detection
The photon gone out；And quantum-key distribution is carried out according to testing result and quantum key distribution protocol.
The the first photon priority process quantum channel 1202 for the polarization-entangled photon centering that polarization-entangled light source 1201 is produced,
It is that two light paths are passed that polarization and phase, which tangle code device 1203, quantum channel 1204 and be incident to 1205 points of polarization-independent beam splitting device,
It is defeated, all the way through the decoding of phase decoder 1206 output to single-photon detector 1207 or single-photon detector 1208, another road warp
The decoding of phase decoder 1209 is exported to single-photon detector 1210 or single-photon detector 1211；The polarization-entangled photon pair
The second photon to be incident to 1213 points of polarization-independent beam splitting device through quantum channel 1212 be two optic paths, all the way through polarization point
The decoding output of beam device 1214 is to single-photon detector 1215 or single-photon detector 1216, and another road is solved through polarization beam apparatus 1217
Code is exported to single-photon detector 1218 or single-photon detector 1219.
Quantum channel 1202,1204 and 1212 can be fiber waveguide, optical fiber, free space, discrete optical element, plane wave
Lead optical element, fibre optic member or above-mentioned middle any two combination of the above into light propagation ducts.It is preferred that, quantum channel
1202 and 1204 be non-depolarization quantum channel.
Further, phase decoder using it is following any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm are stepped
Ke Erxun interferometers, unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer.
The phase set in phase decoder 1206 and 1209 tangles any one in code device 1203 with polarization and phase
The phase that individual phase encoder is set is consistent or differs 90 degree, and carries out phase-modulation by quantum key distribution protocol.
Further, when phase decoder 1206 and 1209 is using unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, phase decoding
Two output ports of device 1206 are connected with single-photon detector 1207 and 1208 respectively, two outputs of phase decoder 1209
Port is connected with single-photon detector 1210 and 1211 respectively.
When phase decoder 1206 and 1209 uses unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-mikey
During your inferior interferometer, the input port of phase decoder 1206 and 1209 is also one of output port, now, and the system is also wrapped
Include：Optical circulator.Optical circulator is located between polarization-independent beam splitting device 1205 and phase decoder 1206, and positioned at polarization nothing
Close between beam splitter 1205 and phase decoder 1209.
As shown in figure 13, the first port A of optical circulator 1301 receives polarization-independent beam splitting to the connected mode of optical circulator
The photon that device is sent, the photon is exported to phase decoder 1302, phase decoding from the second port B of optical circulator 1301
One output port of device 1302 is connected with single-photon detector 1303；Another output port of phase decoder 1302 is it
Input port, the photon that the second port B receiving phases decoder 1302 of optical circulator 1301 is sent, and pass through optical circulator
1301 the 3rd port C is exported to single-photon detector 1304.
Polarization and phase tangle code device 1203 and enter line phase setting, phase decoder according to quantum key distribution protocol
1206 and 1209, polarization beam apparatus 1214 and 1217 examine form and quantum key distribution protocol according to Bell inequality respectively
Photon phase and polarization state are decoded, quantum-key distribution is carried out according to quantum key distribution protocol.
The polarization and phase introduced in the embodiment of the present invention tangle coding method, device and quantum key dispatching system, will
The polarization encoder of any one photon of polarization-entangled photon centering is converted to phase code, realizes a photon polarization state and another
The phase of one photon is tangled, and produces polarization and phase entangled photon pairs.Code device composition is tangled based on polarization and phase
Quantum key dispatching system can make full use of transmission advantage of the different coding in different channels, when realizing different channels transmission,
Photon is converted to phase code by polarization encoder, and technology base is established for the wide area quantum secret communication network of setting up Incorporate
Plinth.For example, tangling polarization and phase entangled photon pairs that code device is produced, photon centering polarization encoder with phase by polarizing
Photon in free space transmission, in fibre channel transmission free space and optical fiber can be achieved mixed in the photon of phase code
Close channel quantum-key distribution.For another example the photon of polarization and phase entangled photons one polarization encoder of centering is in free space
Transmission, the photon of another polarization encoder is coupled into fibre channel transmission after the segment distance of free space transmission one, should
Photon uses polarization encoder when space channel is transmitted, by space channel couples to fiber channel when carry out polarization encoder phase inversion position
Coding, is converted to after phase code in fibre channel transmission.The inventive method is simple, be easily achieved, and can effectively solve to tangle light
Source polarization encoder is converted to phase code, realizes that polarization and phase are tangled, and realize applied to free space and fiber mix
The problem such as the quantum entanglement distribution of channel and quantum-key distribution.
By the explanation of embodiment, the present invention can should be reached technological means that predetermined purpose taken and
Effect is able to more go deep into and specific understanding, but appended diagram is only to provide reference and purposes of discussion, not for originally
Invention is any limitation as.
Claims (25)
1. one kind polarization and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that including：
First photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering that polarization-entangled light source is produced is converted to phase code by polarization encoder；
It is converted into the first photon of phase code and the second photon formation polarization and phase of the polarization-entangled photon centering
Entangled photon pairs；Wherein, second photon is polarization encoder；
The method that first photon is converted to phase code by polarization encoder, including：
By the first photon beam splitting it is the photon that is transmitted in two strip light paths by polarization beam apparatus, it is described by being respectively arranged at
Phase encoder in two strip light paths, phase code is carried out to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path, and by closing
Beam device closes the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after phase code the photon that beam is a light path output, institute
It is the polarization state that the photon that a light path is exported has determination to state and close beam.
2. polarization according to claim 1 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that it is described be respectively arranged at it is described
The phase difference 180 degree of phase encoder coding in two strip light paths.
3. polarization according to claim 1 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that in the two strips light path
The photon of transmission synchronously arrives at the bundling device, and closes photon of the beam for a light path output.
4. polarization according to claim 1 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that the polarization beam apparatus is just
The eigenstate of friendship base is identical with the orthogonal polarisation state of first photon, and the polarization beam apparatus is orthogonal by first photon
Polarization state beam splitting is in the two strips light path.
5. polarization according to claim 1 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that when being incident to the bundling device
The photon transmitted in the two strips light path polarization state it is identical when, the bundling device is using polarizing unrelated bundling device；
When being incident to the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path of the bundling device for orthogonal polarisation state, institute
Bundling device is stated using the unrelated bundling device of polarization or polarization beam combiner；When the bundling device uses polarization beam combiner, described two
The orthogonal polarisation state of the photon transmitted in strip light path is the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam combiner.
6. polarization according to claim 1 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that the phase encoder is used
Below any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-Michael
Inferior interferometer.
7. polarization according to claim 6 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that when the phase encoder is adopted
During with unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer, the polarization beam combiner with it is described partially
The beam splitter that shakes is same device.
8. polarization according to claim 1 and phase tangle coding method, it is characterised in that it is one to control the conjunction beam
The method that the photon of light path output has the polarization state of determination includes：
The polarizer is set after the bundling device；Or,
The polarizer is set respectively in the two strip light paths between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device；Or,
Polarization Controller is set in one between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device or two strip light paths.
9. coding method is tangled according to polarization according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and phase, it is characterised in that described inclined
Shake what beam splitter, the phase encoder, the bundling device, the Polarization Controller, the polarizer and conduction light were used
Discrete device and waveguide device are Polarization Control type device, and the polarization state to photon in light path is controlled so that described to close
The photon of Shu Weiyi bars light path output has the polarization state of determination.
10. one kind polarization and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that including：Polarization beam apparatus, bundling device and phase code
Device；
The first photon beam splitting of polarization-entangled photon centering that the polarization beam apparatus is used to producing polarization-entangled light source be
The photon transmitted in two strip light paths；
The phase encoder is respectively arranged in the two strips light path, and the phase encoder is used in two strip
The photon transmitted in light path carries out phase code；
It is a light that the bundling device, which is used to the photon transmitted in the two strips light path after phase code closing beam,
The photon of road output.
11. polarization according to claim 10 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that described to be respectively arranged at institute
State the phase difference 180 degree of the phase encoder coding in two strip light paths.
12. polarization according to claim 10 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that in the two strips light path
The photon of upper transmission synchronously arrives at the bundling device, and closes photon of the beam for a light path output.
13. polarization according to claim 10 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that the polarization beam apparatus
The eigenstate of orthogonal basis is identical with the orthogonal polarisation state of first photon, the polarization beam apparatus by first photon just
Polarization state beam splitting is handed over to the two strips light path.
14. polarization according to claim 10 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that when being incident to the conjunction beam
When the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path of device is identical, the bundling device is using the unrelated bundling device of polarization；
When being incident to the polarization state of the photon transmitted in the two strips light path of the bundling device for orthogonal polarisation state, institute
Bundling device is stated using the unrelated bundling device of polarization or polarization beam combiner；When the bundling device uses polarization beam combiner, described two
The orthogonal polarisation state of the photon transmitted in strip light path is the eigenstate of the orthogonal basis of the polarization beam combiner.
15. polarization according to claim 10 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that the phase encoder is adopted
With it is following any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-mikey
The inferior interferometer of that.
16. polarization according to claim 15 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that when the phase encoder
During using unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer, the polarization beam combiner with it is described
Polarization beam apparatus is same device.
17. polarization according to claim 10 and phase tangle code device, it is characterised in that described device also includes：
The polarizer or Polarization Controller；The polarizer and Polarization Controller are used for the photon for controlling the conjunction beam to be a light path output
There is the polarization state of determination；
When described device includes the polarizer, the polarizer is arranged at after the bundling device, or polarizer difference
It is arranged in two strip light paths between the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device；
When described device includes Polarization Controller, the Polarization Controller is arranged at the polarization beam apparatus and the bundling device
Between one or two strip light paths on.
18. the polarization and phase according to any one of claim 10~17 tangle code device, it is characterised in that described
Polarization beam apparatus, the phase encoder, the bundling device, the Polarization Controller, the polarizer and conduction light are used
Discrete device and waveguide device be Polarization Control type device, the polarization state to photon in light path is controlled so that described
Closing the photon that beam is a light path output has the polarization state of determination.
19. a kind of quantum key dispatching system, it is characterised in that including：Polarization-entangled light source, phase decoder, polarization decoding
Polarization and phase any one of device, single-photon detector and claim 10~18 tangle code device；
The polarization-entangled light source is used to produce polarization-entangled photon pair；
The polarization and phase, which tangle code device, to be used for the first photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering by polarization encoder
Be converted to phase code；
The phase decoder is used to carry out decoding operate to the first photon for being converted to phase code；
The polarization decoder is used to carry out decoding operate to the second photon of the polarization-entangled photon centering；Wherein, it is described
Second photon is polarization encoder；
The single-photon detector be used for by the phase decoder and the polarization decoder output photon detect,
And quantum-key distribution is carried out according to testing result and quantum key distribution protocol.
20. quantum key dispatching system according to claim 19, it is characterised in that set in the phase decoder
Phase with it is described polarization and phase tangle the phase encoder of any one in code device setting phase it is consistent or differ 90
Degree, and carry out phase-modulation by quantum key distribution protocol.
21. according to the quantum key dispatching system described in claim 19, it is characterised in that the system also includes：Quantum channel；
The quantum channel is used to transmit photon；The quantum channel is made up of at least following one kind：Fiber waveguide, optical fiber, freedom
Space, discrete optical element, planar waveguide optical element, fibre optic member.
22. according to the quantum key dispatching system described in claim 21, it is characterised in that the polarization-entangled light source with it is described partially
Shake and quantum channel that phase is tangled between code device, and between the polarization-entangled light source and the polarization decoder
Quantum channel is non-depolarization quantum channel.
23. quantum key dispatching system according to claim 19, it is characterised in that the system also includes：Polarize nothing
Close beam splitter；
The polarization-independent beam splitting device is used to receive tangles the photon that code device is sent by the polarization and phase, and by institute
State polarization and phase tangles the equiprobable beam splitting of photon that code device sends into two phase decoders；
The polarization-independent beam splitting device is additionally operable to receive the second photon that the polarization-entangled light source is sent, and by described second
The equiprobable beam splitting of photon is into two polarization decoders.
24. quantum key dispatching system according to claim 19, it is characterised in that the phase decoder is using following
Any one：Unequal arm Mach-Zender interferometer, unequal arm Michelson's interferometer, unequal arm faraday-Michelson are done
Interferometer.
25. quantum key dispatching system according to claim 24, it is characterised in that when the phase decoder is not using
During equiarm Mach-Zender interferometer, two output ports of the phase decoder are connected with single-photon detector respectively；
When the phase decoder uses unequal arm Michelson's interferometer or unequal arm faraday-Michelson's interferometer,
The system also includes：Optical circulator；
The first port of the optical circulator receives the polarization and phase tangles code device or the polarization-independent beam splitting device
The photon sent, the second port of the photon from the optical circulator is exported to the phase decoder, and by described
Phase decoder is sent to single-photon detector；The second port of the optical circulator receives what the phase decoder was sent
Photon, and exported by the 3rd port of the optical circulator to another single-photon detector.
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| CN201710374340.4A CN107070655A (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | One kind polarization and phase tangle coding method, device and quantum key dispatching system |
| CN201810497144.0A CN108712249B (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-22 | Phase entanglement encoding method and device |
| CN201820765186.3U CN208190665U (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-22 | Phase for photon pair tangles code device |
| PCT/CN2018/087913 WO2018214888A1 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-22 | Polarization and phase entangled coding method and apparatus, and quantum key distribution system |
| PCT/CN2018/088089 WO2018214922A1 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-23 | Method and device for phase-entangled encoding |
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| CN201820765186.3U Active CN208190665U (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-05-22 | Phase for photon pair tangles code device |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107612690A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院 | A kind of phase decoding method, apparatus and quantum key distribution system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108712249A (en) | 2018-10-26 |
| WO2018214922A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
| CN108712249B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
| WO2018214888A1 (en) | 2018-11-29 |
| CN208190665U (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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