CN107057809B - Electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/10—Amides of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C10M2215/102—Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/60—Electro rheological properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
- C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of electrorheological fluid materials, in particular to electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance and a preparation method thereof, wherein the electrorheological fluid exists in the form of colloidal suspension and comprises nano-granular transition metal salt, non-ionic additive and mixed polar organic oil; the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing the nano-particle transition metal salt, mixing the non-ionic additive and the mixed polar organic oil, and preparing the electrorheological fluid; the invention solves the defects of narrow temperature application range, low yield stress and low breakdown electric field of the electrorheological fluid in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrorheological fluid materials, in particular to electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electrorheological Fluids (Electrorheological Fluids), abbreviated as ER liquids or ER Fluids, are prepared by dispersing solid particles with high conductivity, low dielectric constant and high dielectric constant in insulating liquids with low dielectric constant, usually in the form of a suspension, which can undergo liquid-solid transformation under the action of an electric field. In particular, ER fluids exhibit solid-like properties upon application of an electric field, e.g., the ability to transmit shear stress; the transient time from the liquid-like to solid-like properties may be about 1-10ms, the transition being reversible when the electric field is removed. This phenomenon is known as the ER effect and its change in apparent viscosity depends on the applied electric field.
At present, in the electrorheological fluid in the prior art, the particle sedimentation stability is low, the yield stress is small, the breakdown electric field is low, the material reaction repeatability is not strong, the temperature application range is narrow (24 ℃ to 80 ℃), the current of the electrorheological fluid is very large, the battery application is limited, the wider temperature range can improve the current of the electrorheological fluid after the electric field is applied, and therefore, the application of the electrorheological fluid is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance and a preparation method thereof, and solves the defects of narrow temperature application range, low yield stress and low breakdown electric field of the electrorheological fluid in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an electrorheological fluid having high puncture resistance in the form of a colloidal suspension comprising a nanoparticulate transition metal salt, a nonionic additive and a mixed polar organic oil.
Preferably, the transition metal salt comprises 75 parts by weight of barium chloride, 2 parts by weight of rubidium chloride, 33 parts by weight of titanium chloride, 106 parts by weight of oxalic acid 2-hydrate and 44 parts by weight of urea.
Preferably, the non-ionic additive is organic silicon polyether, and the organic silicon polyether accounts for 0.2-5% of the total mass of the mixed polar organic oil and 0.1-1.5% of the total mass of the electrorheological fluid.
Preferably, the mixed polar organic oil is dimethicone.
Preferably, the molecular chain length n of the dimethyl silicone oil is 2000-5000.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of the nano-particulate transition metal salt: firstly, dissolving 2 parts of rubidium chloride by using 75 parts of distilled water to obtain a rubidium chloride solution, dissolving 75 parts of barium chloride by using 150 parts of distilled water to obtain a barium chloride solution, dissolving 106 parts of oxalic acid 2-hydrate by using 750 parts of distilled water to obtain an oxalic acid 2-hydrate solution, dissolving 33 parts of titanium chloride by using 300 parts of distilled water to obtain a titanium chloride solution, and dissolving 44 parts of urea by using 165 parts of distilled water to obtain a urea solution; then, mixing the rubidium chloride solution, the barium chloride solution, the oxalic acid 2-hydrate solution and the titanium chloride solution, and carrying out ultrasonic bath treatment at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then, adding the urea solution into the mixed solution to form white colloid; then, washing the white colloid with water and filtering to obtain a precipitate; finally, drying the precipitate to remove residual water of the precipitate to obtain a white powdery nanoparticulate transition metal salt;
s2, mixing the non-ionic additive and the mixed polar organic oil: respectively baking the organic silicon polyether and the dimethyl silicone oil to 120 ℃, and then uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;
s3, preparing the electrorheological fluid: and grinding the nano-particle transition metal salt, adding the ground nano-particle transition metal salt into the mixture, and uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture with the mixture to obtain the electrorheological fluid.
Preferably, in S1, the rubidium chloride is dissolved at room temperature, the barium chloride is dissolved at a temperature of 50 to 100 ℃, the oxalic acid 2-hydrate is dissolved at a temperature of 80 ℃, the titanium chloride is dissolved at room temperature, and the urea is dissolved at room temperature.
Preferably, in S1, the dissolution of oxalic acid 2-hydrate is performed in an ultrasonic tank.
Preferably, in S1, the drying temperature of the precipitate is 100 ℃ to 150 ℃.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the nano-particulate transition metal salt ground in S3 to the dimethicone is 0.2:1 to 0.85: 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the organic silicon polyether mixed in the dimethyl silicone oil is matched with the chain length of the dimethyl silicone oil, so that the yield stress of the electrorheological fluid is greatly improved, the electric field breakdown resistance of the electrorheological fluid reaches 6kv/mm, the defect of low breakdown electric field of the traditional electrorheological fluid is overcome, the material reaction repeatability is high, the current of the electrorheological fluid is reduced, and the application limitation of a battery is released;
2. the volume ratio of the nano-granular transition metal salt prepared by the preparation method of the invention to the dimethyl silicone oil after grinding ensures that the nano-granular transition metal salt is high in wrapping reliability, improves the material stability of the electrorheological fluid, ensures that the electrorheological fluid of the invention has wider temperature application range (-25 ℃ -150 ℃), overcomes the defect of narrow temperature application range of the traditional electrorheological fluid, and simultaneously, the electrorheological fluid of the invention can be normally used under wider temperature application range (-25 ℃ -150 ℃) due to the reduction of the current of the electrorheological fluid;
drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph comparing yield stress and withstand voltage of an electrorheological fluid of the present invention with that of a conventional electrorheological fluid;
fig. 2 is a graph comparing yield stress and pressure resistance of the electrorheological fluid of the invention at different temperatures.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
An electrorheological fluid having high puncture resistance in the form of a colloidal suspension comprising a nanoparticulate transition metal salt, a nonionic additive and a mixed polar organic oil; the transition metal salt comprises 75 parts by weight of barium chloride, 2 parts by weight of rubidium chloride, 33 parts by weight of titanium chloride, 106 parts by weight of oxalic acid 2-hydrate and 44 parts by weight of urea; the non-ionic additive is organic silicon polyether, and the organic silicon polyether accounts for 3% of the total mass of the mixed polar organic oil and 1% of the total mass of the electrorheological fluid; the mixed polar organic oil is dimethyl silicone oil; the molecular chain length n of the simethicone is 3500.
The preparation method of the electrorheological fluid with high breakdown resistance comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of the nano-particulate transition metal salt: firstly, dissolving 2 parts of rubidium chloride by using 75 parts of distilled water to obtain a rubidium chloride solution, dissolving 75 parts of barium chloride by using 150 parts of distilled water to obtain a barium chloride solution, dissolving 106 parts of oxalic acid 2-hydrate by using 750 parts of distilled water to obtain an oxalic acid 2-hydrate solution, dissolving 33 parts of titanium chloride by using 300 parts of distilled water to obtain a titanium chloride solution, and dissolving 44 parts of urea by using 165 parts of distilled water to obtain a urea solution; then, mixing the rubidium chloride solution, the barium chloride solution, the oxalic acid 2-hydrate solution and the titanium chloride solution, and carrying out ultrasonic bath treatment at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then, adding the urea solution into the mixed solution to form white colloid; then, washing the white colloid with water and filtering to obtain a precipitate; finally, drying the precipitate to remove residual water of the precipitate to obtain a white powdery nanoparticulate transition metal salt;
s2, mixing the non-ionic additive and the mixed polar organic oil: respectively baking the organic silicon polyether and the dimethyl silicone oil to 120 ℃, and then uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;
s3, preparing the electrorheological fluid: and grinding the nano-particle transition metal salt, adding the ground nano-particle transition metal salt into the mixture, and uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture with the mixture to obtain the electrorheological fluid.
Preferably, in S1, the rubidium chloride is dissolved at room temperature, the barium chloride is dissolved at a temperature of 50 to 100 ℃, the oxalic acid 2-hydrate is dissolved at a temperature of 80 ℃, the titanium chloride is dissolved at room temperature, and the urea is dissolved at room temperature.
Preferably, in S1, the dissolution of oxalic acid 2-hydrate is performed in an ultrasonic tank.
Preferably, in S1, the drying temperature of the precipitate is 100 ℃ to 150 ℃.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the nanoparticulate transition metal salt to the dimethylsilicone oil after grinding in S3 is 0.6: 1.
As shown in figure 1, compared with the traditional electrorheological fluid, the electrorheological fluid adopting the invention has the advantages that 1% of organic silicon polyether is added, the breakdown resistance of the direct current electric field reaches 6KV/mm (the breakdown resistance of the organic silicon polyether accounts for 0.2% -5% of the total mass of the mixed type polar organic oil and accounts for 0.1% -1.5% of the total mass of the electrorheological fluid), the effect is achieved, the breakdown resistance voltage of the traditional electrorheological fluid is exceeded, meanwhile, under the action of the same external electric field, the static yield stress of the electrorheological fluid is also improved, the static yield stress is almost doubled, and the novel electrorheological fluid is beneficial to popularization.
As shown in figure 2, the electrorheological fluid of the invention is monitored at-25 ℃, 150 ℃ and Room temperature (from Temp), respectively, and it can be seen from the figure that the curve at Room temperature is located at the uppermost, the curve at 150 ℃ is located at the middle position, and the curve at-25 ℃ is located at the lowermost, under the action of the same DC electric field, high breakdown resistance is maintained, and at the same time, yield stress is different at different temperatures, but it can be known from comparison with figure 1 that yield stress and breakdown resistance voltage of different temperature curves are still superior to those of the conventional electrorheological fluid.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make several modifications and variations without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A process for preparing an electrorheological fluid having high puncture resistance, which is in the form of a colloidal suspension,
the electrorheological fluid is characterized by comprising nano-particle transition metal salt, non-ionic additive and mixed polar organic oil;
the transition metal salt comprises 75 parts by weight of barium chloride, 2 parts by weight of rubidium chloride, 33 parts by weight of titanium chloride, 106 parts by weight of oxalic acid 2-hydrate and 44 parts by weight of urea;
the non-ionic additive is organic silicon polyether, and the organic silicon polyether accounts for 0.2-5% of the total mass of the mixed polar organic oil and 0.1-1.5% of the total mass of the electrorheological fluid;
the mixed polar organic oil is dimethyl silicone oil; the molecular chain length n of the dimethyl silicone oil is 2000-5000;
the preparation method of the electrorheological fluid comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of the nano-particulate transition metal salt: firstly, dissolving 2 parts of rubidium chloride by using 75 parts of distilled water to obtain a rubidium chloride solution, dissolving 75 parts of barium chloride by using 150 parts of distilled water to obtain a barium chloride solution, dissolving 106 parts of oxalic acid 2-hydrate by using 750 parts of distilled water to obtain an oxalic acid 2-hydrate solution, dissolving 33 parts of titanium chloride by using 300 parts of distilled water to obtain a titanium chloride solution, and dissolving 44 parts of urea by using 165 parts of distilled water to obtain a urea solution; then, mixing the rubidium chloride solution, the barium chloride solution, the oxalic acid 2-hydrate solution and the titanium chloride solution, and carrying out ultrasonic bath treatment at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 30 minutes to obtain a mixed solution; then, adding the urea solution into the mixed solution to form white colloid; then, washing the white colloid with water and filtering to obtain a precipitate; finally, drying the precipitate to remove residual water of the precipitate to obtain a white powdery nanoparticulate transition metal salt;
s2, mixing the non-ionic additive and the mixed polar organic oil: respectively baking the organic silicon polyether and the dimethyl silicone oil to 120 ℃, and then uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;
s3, preparing the electrorheological fluid: grinding the nano-particle transition metal salt, adding the ground nano-particle transition metal salt into the mixture, and uniformly stirring and mixing the ground nano-particle transition metal salt and the mixture to obtain the electrorheological fluid; the volume ratio of the nano-granular transition metal salt ground in S3 to the dimethyl silicone oil is 0.2: 1-0.85: 1.
2. The method for preparing an electrorheological fluid having high puncture resistance according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the dissolution of rubidium chloride is performed at room temperature, the dissolution of barium chloride is performed at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 100 ℃, the dissolution of oxalic acid 2-hydrate is performed at a temperature of 80 ℃, the dissolution of titanium chloride is performed at room temperature, and the dissolution of urea is performed at room temperature.
3. The method for preparing an electrorheological fluid having high puncture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the dissolving of the oxalic acid 2-hydrate in S1 is performed in an ultrasonic tank.
4. The method for preparing an electrorheological fluid having high puncture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the precipitate in S1 is 100 ℃ to 150 ℃.
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| CN108300555A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-20 | 上海大学 | Giant electro-rheological liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN110878226B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2022-04-26 | 宁波麦维科技有限公司 | Continuous phase liquid and giant electrorheological liquid |
| CN110878229B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2022-04-26 | 宁波麦维科技有限公司 | Continuous phase solution and giant electrorheological fluid |
| CN110747038A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-02-04 | 上海大学 | Suspension preparation method |
| CN112900849B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 中建八局第四建设有限公司 | Formwork splicing seam treatment construction method capable of being rotated |
| CN113214648B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-03-25 | 上海大学 | High-performance giant electrorheological elastomer and preparation and test methods thereof |
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| EP0964053A2 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-12-15 | Bridgestone Corporation | Electrorheological fluid |
| CN1490388A (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2004-04-21 | �������ӿƼ���ѧ | Electric rheological liquid |
| CN101570713A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-04 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Polar-molecule type electro-rheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN104395447A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-03-04 | 弗卢迪康有限责任公司 | Electrorheological compositions |
| CN104774675A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-15 | 香港科技大学 | Improved giant electrorheological fluid and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| EP0964053A2 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-12-15 | Bridgestone Corporation | Electrorheological fluid |
| CN1490388A (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2004-04-21 | �������ӿƼ���ѧ | Electric rheological liquid |
| CN101570713A (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-04 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Polar-molecule type electro-rheological fluid and preparation method thereof |
| CN104395447A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-03-04 | 弗卢迪康有限责任公司 | Electrorheological compositions |
| CN104774675A (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-15 | 香港科技大学 | Improved giant electrorheological fluid and manufacturing method thereof |
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