CN107057238A - 一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107057238A
CN107057238A CN201710401709.6A CN201710401709A CN107057238A CN 107057238 A CN107057238 A CN 107057238A CN 201710401709 A CN201710401709 A CN 201710401709A CN 107057238 A CN107057238 A CN 107057238A
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王吉鹏
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Abstract

一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法，属于复合材料制备技术领域，本发明包括：秸秆的碱化与改性，聚氯乙烯混合料的制备，秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的成型。本发明制得的秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料具有良好的物理力学性能、化学稳定性强、强度高，且环保可降解，主要材料秸秆来源于废料的二次利用和聚氯乙烯可通过回收获得，可以节约资源，制造成本比传统塑料发泡材料低。

Description

一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合材料的制备方法，具体涉及一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法。
背景技术
当今社会，传统的塑料发泡制品需求量仍然很大，但是传统塑料材料传统塑料发泡材料本身存在易老化、易燃、强度低、密度大等缺点，导致使用局限性大，同时又难以降解，其产生的环境污染问题逐渐突出，使传统塑料发泡材料受到极大的限制。
农作物秸秆是一种普遍的资源，虽然近些年废弃秸秆回收再利用得到社会的广泛重视，但仍存在将近30％的秸秆资源没有被充分利用，还在使用焚烧处理，这种落后的处理方式不仅使土地里微生物减少，还严重污染了空气，使泥土***板结，增加了化肥的用量。
发明内容
本为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种环保、可降解、高性能、低成本的秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法。
本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将秸秆按浴比1:100加入浓度为5％的氢氧化钠溶液中，100℃加热30min，漂洗至中性，自然风干后，放入50℃的烘箱中干燥1h；
步骤二：将经步骤一处理后的秸秆用高速粉碎机进行破碎，过80目筛网得秸秆粉末；
步骤三：按质量份数计，取15份秸秆粉末加入50份水中，搅拌15min，令秸秆粉末充分分散在水中，加入1份甲基丙烯酸甲酯和1份丙烯酸丁酯，搅拌反应90min，充分反应后，再加入1份N，N-2甲基甲酰胺，48h后过滤烘干，得到改性秸秆纤维；
步骤四：按质量份数计，取70份聚氯乙烯、15份氯化聚乙烯、15份轻质碳酸钙、5份复合铅稳定剂、4份二氧化钛、1份硬脂酸、2份丙烯酸酯，加入混合设备中，混合均匀制得聚氯乙烯混合料；
步骤五：将改性秸秆纤维、聚氯乙烯混合料、发泡剂、偶联剂按质量比30:70:1:1混合均匀，加入高速混合机中混料，混合后的物料加入挤出成型机内挤出成型，既得秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料。
优选的，所述的秸秆为棉花秸秆。
优选的，所述的步骤五中的发泡剂为AC发泡剂，偶联剂为聚丙烯。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1)可以将废旧塑料和废弃的植物秸秆二次利用，制造成本比传统塑料发泡材料低，未来在国内市场上可以实现产业化。
2)材料可降解，减少白色污染，再利用秸秆，减少焚烧秸秆造成的污染。
3)秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料同时具备植物纤维和塑料的双重优点，加工特性多样化，可挤出、注塑、塑化模压成型和压制成型，制得的产品具有良好的物理力学性能、化学性能稳定、强度高、比模量高、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐水浸泡、防虫、阻燃等特点。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将秸秆按浴比1:100加入浓度为5％的氢氧化钠溶液中，100℃加热30min，漂洗至中性，自然风干后，放入50℃的烘箱中干燥1h；
步骤二：将经步骤一处理后的秸秆用高速粉碎机进行破碎，过80目筛网得秸秆粉末；
步骤三：按质量份数计，取15份秸秆粉末加入50份水中，搅拌15min，令秸秆粉末充分分散在水中，加入1份甲基丙烯酸甲酯和1份丙烯酸丁酯，搅拌反应90min，充分反应后，再加入1份N，N-2甲基甲酰胺，48h后过滤烘干，得到改性秸秆纤维；
步骤四：按质量份数计，取70份聚氯乙烯、15份氯化聚乙烯、15份轻质碳酸钙、5份复合铅稳定剂、4份二氧化钛、1份硬脂酸、2份丙烯酸酯，加入混合设备中，混合均匀制得聚氯乙烯混合料；
步骤五：将改性秸秆纤维、聚氯乙烯混合料、发泡剂、偶联剂按质量比30:70:1:1混合均匀，加入高速混合机中混料，混合后的物料加入挤出成型机内挤出成型，既得秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料。
所述的秸秆为棉花秸秆。
所述的步骤五中的发泡剂为AC发泡剂，偶联剂为聚丙烯。

Claims (3)

1.一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将秸秆按浴比1:100加入浓度为5％的氢氧化钠溶液中，100℃加热30min，漂洗至中性，自然风干后，放入50℃的烘箱中干燥1h；
步骤二：将经步骤一处理后的秸秆用高速粉碎机进行破碎，过80目筛网得秸秆粉末；
步骤三：按质量份数计，取15份秸秆粉末加入50份水中，搅拌15min，令秸秆粉末充分分散在水中，加入1份甲基丙烯酸甲酯和1份丙烯酸丁酯，搅拌反应90min，充分反应后，再加入1份N，N-2甲基甲酰胺，48h后过滤烘干，得到改性秸秆纤维；
步骤四：按质量份数计，取70份聚氯乙烯、15份氯化聚乙烯、15份轻质碳酸钙、5份复合铅稳定剂、4份二氧化钛、1份硬脂酸、2份丙烯酸酯，加入混合设备中，混合均匀制得聚氯乙烯混合料；
步骤五：将改性秸秆纤维、聚氯乙烯混合料、发泡剂、偶联剂按质量比30:70:1:1混合均匀，加入高速混合机中混料，混合后的物料加入挤出成型机内挤出成型，既得秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的秸秆为棉花秸秆。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种秸秆纤维可降解发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤五中的发泡剂为AC发泡剂，偶联剂为聚丙烯。
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