CN107037410B - Method and device for interfering radar and frequency control array jammer - Google Patents
Method and device for interfering radar and frequency control array jammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107037410B CN107037410B CN201710251961.3A CN201710251961A CN107037410B CN 107037410 B CN107037410 B CN 107037410B CN 201710251961 A CN201710251961 A CN 201710251961A CN 107037410 B CN107037410 B CN 107037410B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/38—Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for interfering radar and a frequency control array jammer. The frequency control array jammer uses a digital radio frequency memory as a front-end basic component, stores and processes the received enemy detection signals, flexibly uses forwarding interference or smart interference, and finally transmits interference signals through a frequency control array antenna to generate more false targets than conventional interference, so that the detection and tracking of enemy radars to moving targets of the enemy are effectively destroyed. The method has the innovation point that the novel array of the frequency control array is applied, interference signals are transmitted through the frequency control array antenna, the interference signals transmitted among each array element are different in frequency, on one hand, the power of the interference signals is enhanced in the form of the array, on the other hand, the transmitted interference signals are different in frequency, and serious trouble is caused on the detection of the target of an enemy radar in the frequency domain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar interference in electronic countermeasure, and particularly relates to a method and a device for interfering radar and a frequency control array jammer.
Background
Radar interference is an important component of electronic warfare and is also an essential part of modern electronic warfare. With the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment of battlefield spaces, countries around the world are seeking optimal solutions to effectively control electromagnetic spaces. With the continuous enrichment and perfection of radar theory, advanced electronic technology is continuously and widely applied to radar systems, and various new system radars such as pulse doppler radars, pulse compression radars, phased array radars, synthetic aperture radars and the like appear. The new system radars comprehensively use various anti-interference technologies, remarkably reduce the effects of traditional suppressive interference and deceptive interference, and greatly improve the anti-interference capability of a radar system, which provides a serious challenge for the research of the radar interference technology.
In radar jamming, in addition to ensuring that the interfering signal has sufficient interference power to be directed at the enemy radar in frequency, direction and polarization, a good interference pattern is required to effectively interfere with the radar. Therefore, the effective interference problem of the radar of the new system becomes a hot point for research in the interference field, and the coherent interference technology based on the Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM) is widely applied. DRFM can intercept, store, process and copy enemy radar signals, and at present, a new effective interference pattern is provided for radar based on smart noise interference, vivid multi-decoy-target deception interference and the like of the DRFM.
The coherent interference technology can make the interference signal entering into the radar receiver obtain the same coherent processing gain as the true target echo, and the coherent interference technology is different from noise interference or other deceptive interference patterns in that the coherent interference technology can accurately imitate the waveform of the radar emission signal. The traditional suppressive interference is that interference transmitting equipment is used for transmitting high-power interference signals, so that an enemy radar receiver is overloaded and saturated or useful signals are covered by interference, but the interference mode is not ideal for the interference effect of a new system radar, the interference mode cannot obtain gain of matched reception, most of interference energy is not utilized, and in addition, the characteristic of the exposed interference is easily perceived by an enemy radar. Therefore, modern radars mainly adopt a deceptive jamming mode, wherein the repeater jamming and smart jamming are widely applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a device for interfering radar and a frequency control array jammer, wherein the frequency control array jammer uses a digital radio frequency memory as a front-end basic component, stores and processes a received radar reflection signal, flexibly uses forwarding interference or smart interference, and finally transmits an interference signal through a frequency control array antenna to generate more false targets than conventional interference so as to effectively destroy the detection and tracking of the radar on moving targets of one party.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of jamming a radar, comprising the steps of:
(1) acquiring a reflected signal from an object to be investigated in an investigation region of the radar;
(2) copying the reflected signal to obtain an original interference signal;
(3) and transmitting the original interference signal through a frequency control array antenna according to a preset frequency difference and a reference frequency so as to interfere the radar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method has the characteristics of strong interference capability, high interference efficiency, strong interference concealment and the like, and has great research and application values when aiming at various radars of new systems.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the frequency control array is a linear array, and the transmission signals of each array element in the frequency control array are:
wherein J (t) is original interference signal, m is array element label, fmThe transmission carrier frequency of the m-th array element, fm＝f0+(m-1)·Δf，f0As a reference frequency, Δ f is a frequency difference.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the linear frequency modulation signal can increase the transmission bandwidth of the signal by modulating the carrier frequency and realize pulse compression during receiving, thereby effectively solving the contradiction between the acting distance and the distance resolution of the radar system.
In addition, the invention also provides a device for interfering the radar, which comprises:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a reflected signal of a detected target in a detection area of the radar;
the signal copying module is used for copying the reflected signal to obtain an original interference signal; and
and the signal transmitting module is used for transmitting the original interference signal through a frequency control array antenna according to a preset frequency difference and a reference frequency so as to interfere the radar.
Further, the frequency control array is a linear array, and the transmitting signals of each array element in the frequency control array
Wherein J (t) is original interference signal, m is array element label, fmThe transmission carrier frequency of the m-th array element, fm＝f0+(m-1)·Δf，f0As a reference frequency, Δ f is a frequency difference.
Further, the apparatus is located outside the scout region.
In addition, the invention also provides a frequency control array jammer, which comprises: the device for interfering with radar according to the above.
Furthermore, the frequency control array interference machines are multiple, and each frequency control array interference machine can work singly in turn or work in a cooperative mode.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the interference rule of the interference machine of the enemy is difficult to identify by the enemy reconnaissance radar, and when a plurality of moving targets exist, the normal work of the enemy radar is seriously influenced by the generation of a large number of false targets, so that the enemy radar loses the detection function.
Furthermore, the frequency control array interference machines are multiple, and each frequency control array interference machine can work singly in turn or work in a cooperative mode.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the interference rule of the interference machine of the enemy is difficult to identify by the enemy reconnaissance radar, and when a plurality of moving targets exist, the normal work of the enemy radar is seriously influenced by the generation of a large number of false targets, so that the enemy radar loses the detection function.
Furthermore, the frequency control array interference takes a digital radio frequency memory as a front-end basic component, and takes a frequency control array antenna as a rear-end transmitting component.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the digital radio frequency memory can intercept, store, process and copy radar signals, and at present, a new effective interference pattern is provided for the radar based on smart noise interference and vivid multi-false-target deception interference of the digital radio frequency memory; meanwhile, the frequency control array antenna is used for transmitting interference signals, so that the interference signals transmitted among each array element are different in frequency, on one hand, the power of the interference signals is enhanced in an array form, and on the other hand, the transmitted interference signals are different in frequency, and serious troubles are caused for detection of radar targets in a frequency domain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array structure of a uniform linear frequency control array utilized in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an application scenario modeling diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a time-frequency target search diagram of a single-antenna forwarding interference receiver;
fig. 5 is a time-frequency target search diagram of a frequency control array forwarding interference receiver.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention designs a method for interfering radar aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the innovation point of the method lies in the application of the novel array of the frequency control array, and the frequency control array is applied to an interference machine to obtain more effective interference effect than the traditional interference machine. The concept of frequency control array is derived from phased array, and one of the advantages of phased array radar is that the spatial scanning of the wave beam can be freely realized, each array element of the phased array radar generally transmits and receives the same signal, and the spatial scanning of the wave beam is realized by adjusting the phase shift amount of the phase shifter. Therefore, currently, phased arrays are widely used in modern communication, radar, and navigation systems. The frequency control array is different from the phased array in that the frequency control array has a small frequency increment between carrier frequencies of adjacent array elements, and the concept is proposed to improve the distance dependence which a phased array beam does not have and provide possibility for inhibiting the interference and clutter of the distance dependence. The frequency control array wave beam is a periodic function of time, angle and distance, and generally, a uniform linear frequency control array structure is used, and M transmitting antennas are uniformly arranged at a distance d.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array structure of a uniform linear frequency control array utilized by the present invention, where the carrier frequency of a transmission signal of a first array element is denoted as f0And the frequency difference of the carrier waves of the signals transmitted by the adjacent array elements is Δ f, so that the carrier frequency of the m-th array element transmission signal is as follows:
fm＝f0+(m-1)·Δf,m＝1,2,···,M (1)
in one embodiment of the present invention, interference signals are transmitted through a frequency-controlled array antenna, so that the interference signals transmitted between each array element are different in frequency, on one hand, the power of the interference signals is enhanced in an array form, and on the other hand, the transmitted interference signals are different in frequency, which causes serious disturbance to the detection of an object of an enemy radar in a frequency domain.
Assuming that the original interference signal transmitted is J (t), the signal transmitted by each array element of the frequency control array is:
when the m-th interference signal is transmitted to far fieldmTheta) position, the signal expression is
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
rm＝r-(m-1)dsinθ (4)
theta is the target direction, and r is the distance from the reference array element, i.e. the first array element, to the target.
The signals can be obtained by bringing (1), (2) and (4) into the formula (3):
by simplifying, ignoring the minimal terms, the result of the interference signal superposition at the far-field target can be:
the first term of the index terms represents the time-varying property of the FDA, the second term is the same as the phase difference of the phased array, the third term represents the distance and frequency increment dependence of the FDA, and the fourth term represents the coupling relation of the FDA in distance and angle.
It follows that the FDA beam pattern has not only angular dependence but also time and distance dependence.
The pulse Doppler radar is a novel radar which realizes a speed measurement function by utilizing the Doppler effect generated by relative motion between a target and the radar. The pulse Doppler radar is a radar of a full-coherent system for detecting target information by using a Doppler effect, can realize filtering of a single spectral line of a radar signal pulse train frequency spectrum, has the capability of speed resolution on a target, and can effectively solve the problem of inhibiting strong ground clutter interference. In addition, the pulse doppler radar can simultaneously and sensitively measure distance and velocity information, and can realize a high-resolution synthetic aperture image by using a doppler processing technology. Since most airborne radars adopt a pulse Doppler system, the radar in the invention is also modeled as a pulse Doppler radar.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the adopted radar signal is a Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) signal, and the characteristics of large time width improve the speed resolution and speed measurement accuracy of the radar system, and the characteristics of large bandwidth improve the distance resolution and distance measurement accuracy of the radar system. Meanwhile, in order to improve the working distance of the radar system, the signal is required to have large energy, and the pulse compression technology effectively solves the contradiction between the working distance and the distance resolution of the radar system. Chirp, as a pulse compression technique, is one of the most commonly used radar signals of modern radar. The time domain expression of the chirp signal is s (t) ═ exp { j (2 pi f)0t+πkrt2) In which f0Is the carrier frequency, krFor adjusting the frequency. Setting the pulse duration as T and the modulation bandwidth as B, the modulation frequency krB/T. The peak power of output pulse of the signal received after the compression processing of the linear frequency modulation signal is D times of the peak power of input pulse, D is the pulse voltage ratio, and D is BT. Under the condition that the output power of the transmitter is constant, the target echo signal output by the receiver is subjected to matched filtering compression processing, so that the target echo signal has narrower pulse width and higher peak power, the distance resolution and the detection distance of the radar system are improved at the same time, and the unique superiority enables the target echo signal to have considerable application prospect.
As shown in fig. 2, the application scene modeling diagram of the present invention establishes an application scene model, a T region in the diagram is a monitoring protection region of an enemy surveillance radar, a frequency control array jammer of one party is designed to be flexibly placed at a place outside the T region to avoid being detected by the enemy radar, and the frequency control array jammer uses a digital radio frequency memory as a front-end basic component and a frequency control array antenna as a rear-end transmitting component. Suppose J in the figureiThe point is the position of the frequency control array jammer, and the number of i can be flexibly configured. The enemy radar is modeled as a monostatic pulse doppler radar, at point E in the figure. The purpose of the frequency control array jammer is to hide moving objects of our party entering into a radar reconnaissance area of an enemy, and a plurality of false objects are formedThe false image of the target makes the enemy radar unable to normally monitor the moving target of our party, so that the enemy radar is unable to judge the position of the real target of our party and the moving speed thereof. The frequency control array jammers can work singly and alternately and can also work in a plurality of cooperative modes, the interference rule of the jammers of the enemy can be difficult to identify by the enemy reconnaissance radar in such a working mode, and when a plurality of moving targets exist, the normal work of the enemy radar can be seriously influenced by the generation of a large number of false targets, so that the enemy radar loses the detection function. The technical scheme of the invention is based on the established application scene model, and the interference method comprises the following specific technical scheme:
step 1: a pulse Doppler reconnaissance radar simulating an enemy is located at the position E in the image, covers a certain detection area and is marked as a T area, the radar transmits a radar signal s (T) to the area, and whether an external target enters the area or not is judged by detecting an echo signal.
Step 2: when the moving target of our party enters the T area described in step 1, a signal s (T) sent to the area by an enemy radar is reflected, a part of the reflected signal is returned to a radar receiver as a real echo signal, and the other part of the reflected signal is reflected to a frequency control array jammer placed outside the area of our party.
And step 3: the interference opportunity performs repeated identification search on the signals emitted or reflected by the area. When the signal intensity received by the jammer is greater than a certain threshold value, the jammer can judge that the jammer searches for an enemy reconnaissance signal reflected by the target, otherwise, the jammer continues searching.
And 4, step 4: the interference machine utilizes the DRFM to identify and store the received enemy reconnaissance signals, and high-speed capture and storage of the signals are realized.
And 5: and (4) accurately judging the pulse pattern and the signal parameters of the radar signal received in the step (4), accurately copying the signal, and forwarding the signal to a frequency control array transmitting end of the jammer.
Step 6: the frequency control array interference machine transmits an interference signal J (T) to an enemy detection area T area where the moving target is located in an array form of the frequency control array.
And 7: a large number of moving objects in the area will reflect the interference signal generated in step 6 to the enemy reconnaissance radar.
And 8: the radar of the enemy can detect the mixed signal of the echo signal and a large amount of interference signals, and the received signal r (t) is s (t-tau)1)+Jtotal(t-τ2). Wherein, tau1For time delay of true target echo, τ2Is the time delay of the interfering signal.
And step 9: and estimating the interference false target effect of the frequency control array jammer on the enemy radar, and comparing the false target effect with the false target number generated by the common single-antenna forwarding type interference.
The invention discloses a radar interference technical method based on a frequency control array jammer, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) most of the existing documents transmit interference signals through a traditional single antenna or array antenna, and the method realizes the forwarding of the interference signals through a novel frequency control array antenna, and is an innovation in principle;
(2) reflection of the jammer signal by the target is more covert than direct exposure of the jammer to an enemy surveillance area than conventional jammers.
(3) The existing interference method has limited deception effect on enemy radars, interference rules are easily identified and interference effect is lost, and the flexible configuration of the frequency control array jammer in the method can make the enemy radars difficult to identify the rules, so that deception interference effect is better.
(4) The invention is not only aimed at a certain radar of enemy, but also suitable for various radars of new systems, and has better interference effect and wide application range.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the enemy radar is modeled as a pulse doppler radar, and the principle is designed by using that the radial velocities of the target and the interferers are different relative to the radar, and the echo signal also has different doppler frequencies. The frequency control array interference opportunity designed by the invention tries to realize the effects of the three interference forms at the same time, so that the interference on the pulse Doppler radar is more effective.
Fig. 3 shows an overall flow chart of the present invention. The radar signal adopted by the invention is a linear frequency modulation signal, and the time domain expression of the linear frequency modulation signal is s (t) ═ exp { j (2 pi f)0t+πkrt2) In which f0Is the carrier frequency, krFor adjusting the frequency. Let the pulse duration T be 10us, the bandwidth B be 30MHZ, the frequency modulation rate
The frequency control array structure adopted by the invention has the array element number of 10, the array element spacing d is half of the wavelength lambda, the frequency difference delta f between the array elements is 10kHz, and the emission wave beam of the frequency control array points to a target T area, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: the single-base pulse Doppler radar transmits an LFM pulse signal to a T area at the point E, and the signal expression is s (T) ═ exp { j (2 pi f)0t+πkrt2) In which f0Initializing parameters for the carrier frequency of the radar, let f0＝10GHZ，
For frequency modulation, the bandwidth B is 30MHZ, the duration T is 10us, and the time domain is
And detecting whether the target exists in the T area.
Step 2: when a moving target exists in the T area, radar signals are reflected, and a part of signals are reflected to a radar receiver and are recorded as echo signals r1(t)＝s(t-τ1) In which τ is1In order to delay the time of the echo signal,
r is the distance of the target. Moving objects will have a lot of popularityFrequency shift fdAnd is and
at this time, the measurement can be passeddThe radial velocity v of the moving object is determined.
And step 3: part of signals can be reflected to the frequency control array jammers of our party from the target, the simulation assumes that only one frequency control array jammer is in a working state, and the jammers receive the signals by utilizing the DRFM and accurately store and analyze the signal parameters.
And 4, step 4: the DRFM transmits signals to a transmitting end of a frequency control array jammer, the number of array elements is 10, the spacing d of the array elements is half of the wavelength, the frequency difference delta f between the array elements is 10kHz, and the interfering wave beams are aligned to a target area by setting proper weight.
And 5: the simulated frequency control array interference signal is directly subjected to frequency control array forwarding based on a radar signal s (t) received by an interference machine, and the interference signal
h (t) corresponds to the array response of the frequency controlled array.
Step 6: the frequency control array transmission is characterized in that interference signals with different frequencies can be simultaneously transmitted to a target area at the same time, and the simulation is based on the condition of a single moving target, so that the effect is better when the moving targets are multiple.
And 7: the interference signals of each array element are reflected to a radar receiver through a target, and the superposition expression of the interference signals is
And 8: receiving a sum signal r (t) ═ s of a target echo signal and a frequency control array interference signal by a radar receiverr(t)+Jtotal(t)。
And step 9: and the radar receiver performs two-dimensional matched filtering of a time-frequency domain, and when the signal intensity is greater than a certain threshold value, the occurrence of a target can be judged. At this time, the spoofed interference signal is regarded as a real target echo signal by the radar receiver, thereby affecting the determination of the distance and the speed of the moving target.
Fig. 4 shows a time-frequency target search diagram of a single-antenna forwarding interference receiver, in which a single false target signal is generated, so that spoofing in the distance dimension can be achieved, but interference is easily recognized.
Fig. 5 shows a time-frequency target search diagram of a frequency-controlled array forwarding interference receiver, at this time, a plurality of false target signals are generated, and spoofing of distance and speed dimensions can be simultaneously achieved, the interference concealment is strong, the identification is not easy, and when the frequency-controlled array jammers work in a plurality of cooperative ways, the interference effect is better, in addition, when the number of targets is multiple, the reflected interference signals are also increased in multiples, the number of false target generation is larger, and the interference to radar is more effective.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method of jamming a radar, comprising the steps of:
(1) acquiring a reflected signal from an object to be investigated in an investigation region of the radar;
(2) copying the reflected signal to obtain an original interference signal, which specifically comprises:
(201) returning one part of the reflected signals to the pulse Doppler radar as echo signals of a real target, and reflecting the other part of the signals to the frequency control jammer outside the target detection area;
(202) searching signals reflected by the target reconnaissance area by the frequency control jammers, judging that the enemy target reconnaissance signals are searched by the frequency control jammers when the intensity of the signals received by the frequency control jammers is greater than a preset threshold value, and otherwise, continuing searching;
(203) identifying and storing an enemy scout signal through a data radio frequency memory, and copying the enemy scout signal to obtain an original interference signal J (t);
(3) according to a preset frequency difference and a reference frequency, transmitting the original interference signal through a frequency control array antenna to interfere the radar, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(301) the original interference signal J (T) is forwarded to a frequency control array transmitting end, and the interference signal J is transmitted to an enemy target reconnaissance area T where the moving target is located in the form of the frequency control arraym(t)；
(302) The interference signal J is transmitted by the moving target of the enemy target reconnaissance area Tm(t) reflection to a pulse Doppler radar which detects the echo signal r of said real target1(t) and interference signal Jm(t) reflecting the superimposed signal J at the target areatotal(t) to obtain a mixed signal r (t) ═ r1(t)+Jtotal(t), thereby obtaining an interference decoy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the frequency control array is a linear array, and the transmission signals of each array element in the frequency control array are:
wherein J (t) is original interference signal, m is array element label, fmThe transmission carrier frequency of the m-th array element, fm＝f0+(m-1)·Δf，f0As a reference frequency, Δ f is a frequency difference.
3. An apparatus for interfering with radar, comprising:
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a reflected signal of a detected target in a detection area of the radar;
the signal copying module is used for copying the reflected signal to obtain an original interference signal; and
a signal transmitting module, configured to transmit the original interference signal through a frequency-controlled array antenna according to a preset frequency difference and a reference frequency to interfere with the radar, where:
the device for interfering the radar is a frequency control array interference machine;
the frequency control array interference machines are multiple, and each frequency control array interference machine can work singly in turn or work in a cooperative mode;
the frequency control array interference takes a digital radio frequency memory as a front-end basic component and takes a frequency control array antenna as a rear-end transmitting component.
4. The radar jamming device of claim 3, wherein the frequency control array is a linear array, and the transmission signal of each array element in the frequency control array is a linear array
Wherein J (t) is original interference signal, m is array element label, fmThe transmission carrier frequency of the m-th array element, fm＝f0+(m-1)·Δf，f0As a reference frequency, Δ f is a frequency difference.
5. The apparatus for interfering with radar of claim 3, wherein the apparatus is located outside the reconnaissance area.
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