CN109581450A - The bistatic location deception measures of array antenna are controlled based on frequency - Google Patents
The bistatic location deception measures of array antenna are controlled based on frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN109581450A CN109581450A CN201811552659.2A CN201811552659A CN109581450A CN 109581450 A CN109581450 A CN 109581450A CN 201811552659 A CN201811552659 A CN 201811552659A CN 109581450 A CN109581450 A CN 109581450A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/421—Determining position by combining or switching between position solutions or signals derived from different satellite radio beacon positioning systems; by combining or switching between position solutions or signals derived from different modes of operation in a single system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Technology for Target Location, and the invention discloses a kind of bistatic location deception measures that array antenna is controlled based on frequency, the passive location system systems being made up of two receivers, respectively to received frequency control battle array signal γi(θi,ri, t) and it is sampled, mutual Fuzzy Processing, the scope of initial values △ τ for carrying out discrete Fourier transform to discrete cross ambiguity function, calculating discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f) τ using the positioning geometrical relationship at receiver and known reference stationr, establish positioning using TDOA equation and frequency difference positioning equation, carry out equation solution with Newton iteration method, finally obtain the position coordinates of target radiation source.Compared with phased array target radiation source, the reconnaissance system being made of two receivers cannot be accurately positioned the target radiation source for using frequency control array antenna by investigating accurate Doppler frequency difference and signal step-out time the present invention.That is, clock synchronization difference frequency difference positioning system of the present invention has Location fraud, it is particularly suitable for the application of some specific occasions.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to Technology for Target Location, in particular to a kind of to utilize frequency control battle array (FDA, Frequency Diverse
Array) the method that the signal of aerial radiation carries out Location fraud to the passive location system with time difference frequency difference location method, tool
Body is the bistatic location deception measures that array antenna is controlled based on frequency.
Background technique
Passive location system carries out target positioning and tracking, system sheet by receiving the electromagnetic signal of target radiation source
Body not transmission of electromagnetic signals, because of its good concealment, positioning accuracy is high and is used widely.The actual position in exposure radiation source
Existence to radiation source be it is breakneck, especially in the wartime, the position in exposure radiation source will jeopardize simultaneously periphery weight
Want the safety of military installations.How hidden self-position, effective passive location technology of fighting is particularly important.But by
In passive location system using the passive working method for receiving electromagnetic wave and measuring, the confrontation for passive location system is studied
Achievement is less.At present mainly using the method that radio frequency is stealthy and realizes decoy true to nature using jammer.Radio frequency is stealthy to be wanted
It asks main lobe wave beam narrow low with side lobe peak power, realizes more difficulty, and achieved effect is limited, and rely on jammer real
Existing decoy true to nature is faced with the danger that jammer is destroyed by antiradiation missile.
It utilizes jammer to be easy the status destroyed by positioning for limited using the stealthy achieved effect of radio frequency, mentions
The method for realizing passive location deception using frequency control battle array is gone out.Passive location deception be fight passive location system method it
One, that is, radiation source itself radiation signal characteristic is utilized, drops traditional passive reconnaissance equipment significantly to the positioning accuracy of radiation source
It is low, required positioning accuracy is not achieved.
What it is different from traditional each array element transmitting of phased array antenna is the same signal, and it is phased array day that frequency, which controls array antenna,
The extension of line attached the frequency increment for being much smaller than working carrier frequency, i.e., each battle array to transmitting signal in adjacent array element
The frequency of first radiation signal is different.This change by the signal strength made in space with angle, distance, the variation of time and become
Change, also changes so as to cause signal energy distribution, receiver snr of received signal will also change.To utilize biography
The receiver of system is increased using the time difference and Doppler frequency difference error of time difference frequency difference method measurement, and accurate positioning will also drop significantly
It is low, achieve the purpose that Location fraud.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of bistatic location deception measures that array antenna is controlled based on frequency, existing to solve
There is technology limited using radio frequency stealth effect, is easy the problem of being destroyed by positioning using jammer.
To achieve the goals above, the one aspect of specific embodiment according to the present invention is provided and a kind of is controlled based on frequency
The bistatic location deception measures of array antenna, which comprises the following steps:
A, the passive location system system of two receivers composition is respectively to received frequency control battle array signal γi(θi,ri, t) and it carries out
Sampling, obtains signal γi(θi,ri,nTs)；
Wherein: i receiver label, i=1,2；N is sample sequence label；θiThe angle of receiver is reached for wave beam；riFor
Distance of first array element of target radiation source to receiver；T is the time that target radiation source transmitting frequency controls battle array signal；TsFor sampling
Period；
B, to signal γi(θi,ri,nTs) mutual Fuzzy Processing is done, obtain discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f)；
Wherein: τ is signal step-out time；F is Doppler frequency difference；
C, the initial value of discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f) τ is calculated using the positioning geometrical relationship at receiver and known reference station
Range △ τr, and the method in this scope of initial values using traversal searches for obtain rough time difference measurement result τc；
D, discrete Fourier transform is carried out to the discrete cross ambiguity function in b step, passes through the time difference and frequency difference traversal search
The step-out time accurately estimatedThe Doppler frequency difference accurately estimated
E, the step-out time that step d is obtainedAnd Doppler frequency differencePositioning using TDOA equation and frequency difference positioning equation are established,
Equation solution is carried out with Newton iteration method, to obtain the position coordinates of target radiation source.
Further, the frequency control battle array signal γi(θi,ri, t) and there is following expression:
Wherein: M is frequency control array antenna array element quantity；M is array element label；f0To control first array element transmitting letter of array antenna frequently
Number frequency；D is array element spacing；△ f is the carrier frequency increment of adjacent array element；C is the light velocity；ξiFor Doppler frequency shift；τiFor arrival time
Delay, wiIt (t) is white Gaussian noise.
Further, the discrete cross ambiguity function has following expression:
Wherein: g is index number；τ=g △ τ.
Further, rough time difference measurement result is obtained in step c the specific method is as follows:
If having priori knowledge known target between two known reference stations, using the position at known reference station and receiver
Rough time difference scope of initial values △ τ is calculated in confidence breathr；
If the two known reference station A, B is respectively l at a distance from receiverA1,lA2,lB1,lB2, then time difference scope of initial values are as follows:
In time difference scope of initial values △ τrIt is interior to bring g value into A (τ, f) using thick traverses network, it obtains
Maximum value, at this time gcCorresponding τcAs estimate that, compared with the accurate rough receiver time difference value of initial value, range is joined according to system
Number determines.
Further, the specific processing method of the discrete Fourier transform is as follows:
The cross ambiguity function in step b is following form at this time:
Wherein:For the index number in accurate convenience networks；
It enables:Calculate Yg(n) discrete Fourier transform, and find a function:
The signal step-out time accurately estimated at this time
Further, the frequency difference positioning equation has following expression:
ri=| | pi-q||2
Wherein, pi,vi, the position vector and velocity vector of respectively i-th receiver；Q is the position vector of target；C is
The light velocity.
Further, specifically, the positioning using TDOA equation has following expression:
Beneficial effects of the present invention are, compared with phased array target radiation source, the reconnaissance system being made of two receivers is not
It can be accurate to using the target radiation source of frequency control array antenna to carry out by investigating accurate Doppler frequency difference and signal step-out time
Positioning.That is, clock synchronization difference frequency difference positioning system of the present invention has Location fraud, it is particularly suitable for answering for some specific occasions
With.
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.The additional aspect of the present invention and excellent
Point will be set forth in part in the description, and partially will become apparent from the description below, or practice through the invention
It solves.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, specific implementation of the invention
Mode, illustrative embodiments and their description are used to explain the present invention, and are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that double star time difference frequency difference positions schematic diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is embodiment intermediate frequency control array antenna emission array schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is cross ambiguity function comparison diagram in embodiment, wherein Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b is respectively to be made with phased array and frequency control battle array
The cross ambiguity function that passive location system when for emission source is calculated；
Fig. 4 is that the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) in embodiment based on double star time difference frequency difference localization method analyzes comparison diagram,
Wherein, the GDOP that passive location system when Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b are respectively using phased array and frequency control battle array as emission source is calculated
Information.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, specific embodiment, embodiment in the application and therein
Feature can be combined with each other.It lets us now refer to the figures and combines the following contents the present invention will be described in detail.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with specific embodiment party of the present invention
Attached drawing in formula, embodiment carries out clear, complete description to the technical solution in the specific embodiment of the invention, embodiment,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Specific embodiment, embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art institute obtained without making creative work
There are other embodiments, embodiment, should fall within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention is based on frequency control array antenna bistatic location deception measures, positioning system can be positioned at land, ocean or
Two location receivers in space, such as various receiver on-boards, carrier-borne receiver, various airboarne receivers, spaceborne receiver.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is reconnaissance system to be made of two reconnaissance satellites to the target radiation source for using frequency to control array antenna
For carrying out the time difference frequency difference equation positioning calculation on the basis of combining time difference frequency difference estimation, technical solution of the present invention is carried out detailed
It describes in detail bright.
This example positions positioning system schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, frequency control array antenna emission array schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.Two
The received frequency control battle array signal γ of reconnaissance satellite receiveri(θi,ri, t), i=1,2 are as follows:
Wherein, M is frequency control array antenna element number of array, and m is array element label, f0To control first array element transmitting letter of array antenna frequently
Number frequency, θi, i=1,2 arrive separately at the angle of two receivers for wave beam, and d is array element spacing, and △ f is the carrier frequency of adjacent array element
Increment, c are the light velocity, ξi, i=1,2 be Doppler frequency shift, τi, i=1,2 be time delay of arrival, ri, i=1,2 is target emanation
For first, source array element to the distance of two reconnaissance receivers, t is the time that target radiation source transmitting frequency controls battle array signal, wi(t), i=
1,2 is white Gaussian noise, and i represents i-th receiver.
According to above-mentioned signal model, simulating, verifying is carried out using Matlab (a kind of Computer Algorithm Language), it is specific imitative
True parameter is as follows:
System parameter setting: frequency control first battle array/member radiation source frequency f of array antenna0=5GHz, frequency increment △ f=
2KHz, array element intervalElement number of array M=8, IF frequency fIF=20MHz, sample rate fs=50MHz.
Receiver parameters setting: carry receiver two coordinate of the satellite position be respectively (3909.0,4499.4,
3452.7), (3892.3,4527.8,3454.5), unit: km；The speed coordinate of two satellites be followed successively by (- 1.667 ,-
), 3.553,6.517 (- 1.706, -3.510,6.520), unit: km/s.
Scout scene setting: the scouting scene of Double Satellite Positioning System is 15 degree of north latitude to 45 degree of north latitude, 35 degree of east longitude to east
Through 65 degree.
Specific position fixing process is as follows:
A. if sampling is carried out to the received frequency control battle array signal of satellite reconaissance receiver；
B. it is as follows discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f) to be constructed to the signal that two satellite receptions arrive:
Wherein, g is index number, and τ=g △ τ is signal step-out time, and f is Doppler frequency difference；
C, the signal of discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f) is calculated using satellite receiver and the geometrical relationship at known reference station
The scope of initial values △ τ of step-out time τr, and the method in this scope of initial values using traversal searches for obtain rough time difference measurement knot
Fruit τc；
Its obtained time difference scope of initial values △ τrFor 50~1000ms, rough time difference network traverser precision be △ τ=
100ms, the rough time difference measurement result τ obtained by searchc=300ms；
D, discrete cross ambiguity function is handled using the method for discrete Fourier transform, and uses the time difference and frequency difference traversal search
The step-out time accurately estimated of methodThe Doppler frequency difference result accurately estimated
It enables:Calculate Yg(n) discrete Fourier transform.In this reality
It applies in example, the time difference of essence search traverses precision △ τ1For 20us, i.e., in formula △ τ1=b △ τ, in b < 1, b=2 × 10-4.The time difference time
Going through range is 200~400ms, i.e.,Take the integer between ± 5000.It enables:At this timeIt is corresponding for the signal step-out time accurately estimatedFor the Doppler frequency difference accurately estimated.
Obtained discrete cross ambiguity function is as shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that because satellite received signal signal-to-noise ratio becomes at any time
Change, so that multi-peak and peak value occurs in the frequency control battle array cross ambiguity function obtained using traditional receiver using mutual blur method
Energy is lower, can not accurately obtain the accurate time difference and Doppler frequency difference.
E, time difference frequency difference positioning equation is established to the arrival rate difference and time difference information that obtain through step d.
Frequency difference positioning equation are as follows:
ri=| | pi-q||2, i=1,2
Wherein, p1=(3909.0,4499.4,3452.7)T, p2=(3892.3,4527.8,3454.5)T, unit: km；v1
=(- 1.667, -3.553,6.517)T, v2=(- 1.706, -3.510,6.520)T, unit km/s.pi,vi, respectively i-th
The position vector and velocity vector of receiver；Q is the position vector of target；C is the light velocity；ri, i=1,2 is target radiation source the
Distance of one array element to two receivers.
Moveout equation are as follows:
Simultaneous moveout equation and frequency difference equation, the physical location of target can be obtained using Newton iteration method.
To verify performance of the invention, the time difference frequency difference under 4dB signal-to-noise ratio is combined using the method for Monte Carlo simulation
Estimation performance is counted.
If Monte Carlo simulation number is 1000 times, obtained phased array radiation source and frequency control battle array radiation source time difference frequency difference
The root-mean-square error RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of Combined estimator is as shown in table 1.It can be seen that utilizing frequency control battle array
The frequency difference estimation effect deviation of radiation source is larger, and RMSE is far longer than the root-mean-square error of phased array radiation source.And when reaching
The RMSE of difference is similar with phased array radiation source.Based on conclusions, brings step-out time and Doppler frequency difference into time difference frequency difference and determine
Azimuth equation.Obtained frequency control battle array radiation source positions precision is well below phased array radiation source.In its position root-mean-square error such as table
It is shown.Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively shown based on the frequency control battle array radiation source GDOP and phased array radiation source under the above measuring condition
The comparative situation of GDOP.Wherein the height error of radiation source is 0.1m, ignores other errors such as satellite position and speed.From Fig. 4
With table 1 it can be seen that the frequency control battle array localization of emitter situation estimated using double star time difference frequency difference localization method much
It is worse than the positioning scenarios based on phased array radiation source.This illustrates the present invention to the scouting system based on double star time difference frequency difference location method
System has good Location fraud.
Table 1: the root-mean-square error RMSE comparison of phased array radiation source and frequency control battle array radiation source time difference frequency difference Combined estimator
| Simulation result | Step-out time (ns) | Doppler frequency difference (Hz) | Position error (km) |
| Frequency control battle array radiation source | 85.4 | 74.86 | 43.5 |
| Phased array radiation source | 65.6 | 9.01 | 2.6 |
Claims (7)
1. controlling the bistatic location deception measures of array antenna based on frequency, which comprises the following steps:
A, the passive location system system of two receivers composition is respectively to received frequency control battle array signal γi(θi,ri, t) and it is adopted
Sample obtains signal γi(θi,ri,nTs)；
Wherein: i receiver label, i=1,2；N is sample sequence label；θiThe angle of receiver is reached for wave beam；riFor target
Distance of first array element of radiation source to receiver；T is the time that target radiation source transmitting frequency controls battle array signal；TsFor sampling week
Phase；
B, to signal γi(θi,ri,nTs) mutual Fuzzy Processing is done, obtain discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f)；
Wherein: τ is signal step-out time；F is Doppler frequency difference；
C, the scope of initial values of discrete cross ambiguity function A (τ, f) τ is calculated using the positioning geometrical relationship at receiver and known reference station
△τr, and the method in this scope of initial values using traversal searches for obtain rough time difference measurement result τc；
D, discrete Fourier transform is carried out to the discrete cross ambiguity function in b step, is obtained by the time difference and frequency difference traversal search
The step-out time accurately estimatedThe Doppler frequency difference accurately estimated
E, the step-out time that step d is obtainedAnd Doppler frequency differencePositioning using TDOA equation and frequency difference positioning equation are established, ox is used
Iterative method of pausing carries out equation solution, to obtain the position coordinates of target radiation source.
2. the bistatic location deception measures according to claim 1 for controlling array antenna based on frequency, which is characterized in that the frequency control
Battle array signal γi(θi,ri, t) and there is following expression:
Wherein: M is frequency control array antenna array element quantity；M is array element label；f0Emit signal frequency to control first array element of array antenna frequently
Rate；D is array element spacing；△ f is the carrier frequency increment of adjacent array element；C is the light velocity；ξiFor Doppler frequency shift；τiProlong for arrival time
Late, wiIt (t) is white Gaussian noise.
3. the bistatic location deception measures according to claim 2 for controlling array antenna based on frequency, which is characterized in that described discrete
Cross ambiguity function has following expression:
Wherein: g is index number；τ=g △ τ.
4. the bistatic location deception measures according to claim 3 for controlling array antenna based on frequency, which is characterized in that in step c
Obtaining rough time difference measurement result, the specific method is as follows:
If there is priori knowledge known target between two known reference stations, believe using known reference station and the position of receiver
Rough time difference scope of initial values △ τ is calculated in breathr；
If the two known reference station A, B is respectively l at a distance from receiverA1,lA2,lB1,lB2, then time difference scope of initial values are as follows:
In time difference scope of initial values △ τrIt is interior to bring g value into A (τ, f) using thick traverses network, it obtains
Maximum value, at this time gcCorresponding τcAs estimate that, compared with the accurate rough receiver time difference value of initial value, range is joined according to system
Number determines.
5. the bistatic location deception measures according to claim 4 for controlling array antenna based on frequency, which is characterized in that described discrete
The specific processing method of Fourier transformation is as follows:
The cross ambiguity function in step b is following form at this time:
Wherein:For the index number in accurate convenience networks；
It enables:Calculate Yg(n) discrete Fourier transform, and find a function:
The signal step-out time accurately estimated at this time
6. the bistatic location deception measures according to claim 5 for controlling array antenna based on frequency, which is characterized in that the frequency difference
Positioning equation has following expression:
ri=| | pi-q||2
Wherein, pi,vi, the position vector and velocity vector of respectively i-th receiver；Q is the position vector of target；C is light
Speed.
7. the bistatic location deception measures according to claim 6 for controlling array antenna based on frequency, which is characterized in that specifically,
The positioning using TDOA equation has following expression:
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| CN112684411A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater target positioning method based on improved arrival frequency difference |
| CN112710984A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-27 | 中国人民解放军海军航空大学 | Passive positioning method and system based on homotopy continuation |
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| CN112731480A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-04-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ground signal source direct positioning method based on low-earth orbit satellite |
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| CN112684411A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater target positioning method based on improved arrival frequency difference |
| CN112684411B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-03 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater target positioning method based on improved arrival frequency difference |
| CN112710984A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-27 | 中国人民解放军海军航空大学 | Passive positioning method and system based on homotopy continuation |
| CN112666517A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 中国人民解放军32802部队 | Small unmanned aerial vehicle signal positioning system and method based on time difference measurement |
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