CN107032802A - 一种保温隔热耐火砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种保温隔热耐火砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107032802A
CN107032802A CN201610885862.6A CN201610885862A CN107032802A CN 107032802 A CN107032802 A CN 107032802A CN 201610885862 A CN201610885862 A CN 201610885862A CN 107032802 A CN107032802 A CN 107032802A
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refractory brick
insulation
cooled
carbon dioxide
glauconite
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晋元龙
陈德全
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Ma'an Mountain Bao Long Building Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种保温隔热耐火砖及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制成：海绿石16‑29、玻璃轻石15‑25、提钛尾渣27‑38、焦宝石20‑30、磷酸铝13‑21、多孔锰渣10‑15、酪朊酸钠4‑9、水玻璃渣8‑16、赤泥32‑41、玻屑凝灰岩18‑32、铝灰21‑33、珍珠岩尾砂17‑31、脱硫石膏19‑34、海菜粉7‑13。本发明添加了海绿石、玻璃轻石、多孔锰渣、玻屑凝灰岩等原料，可以大大降低耐火砖的导热系数，提高耐火砖的保温隔热性能，解决了现有耐火砖保温隔热差的问题。本发明耐火砖具有高强度、轻质量、导热系数低、保温隔热效果好的特点，适合用于工业窑炉内衬，为工业窑炉设备提供高效节能的保证。

Description

一种保温隔热耐火砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保温隔热耐火砖及其制备方法，属于耐火材料领域。
背景技术
凡具有抵抗高温以及在高温下所产生的物理化学作用的材料统称耐火材料。耐火材料广泛用于冶金、化工、石油、机械制造、硅酸盐、动力、锅炉、轻工、电力、军工等国民经济的各个领域，是保证上述产业生产运行和技术发展必不可少的基本材料，在高温工业生产发展中起着不可替代的重要作用。耐火材料一般分为两种，即不定型耐火材料和定型耐火材料。其中定型耐火材料一般指耐火砖，其形状有标准规则，也可以根据需要筑切时临时加工。
近年来，国内耐火砖生产工艺发展迅速，市场上出现了种类繁多、性能各异的耐火砖。中国专利号为：200710062457.5的发明专利公开了一种硅质隔热耐火砖，本发明耐火砖由硅石细粉81-85％，珍珠岩15-19％，外加占上述主原料总重的下列辅料：铁鳞粉0.45-0.55％，水泥0.9-1.1％，石灰乳6.5-7.5％，纸浆1.95-2.2％组成，制备工艺为：将硅石细粉、珍珠岩按比例加入湿碾内，然后加入铁鳞粉、水泥干碾1-2分钟后，加入占主原料总重的1.8-2.2％的水，然后加入石灰乳，碾压10-15分钟，最后加入纸浆，碾压10-15分钟，出碾，成型制坯。采用上述原料和工艺制得的耐火砖虽然解决了现有粘土质隔热耐火砖存在荷重变形温度低、高温下易收缩、导热率较大、保温效果不好等缺陷，但是其耐火性和保温隔热性与国外耐火砖相比较，仍存在较大的差距，无法满足出口市场的需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种导热系数低的保温隔热耐火砖及其制备方法，以解决现有耐火砖保温隔热性能差和耐火度低的问题。
为了解决上述问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种保温隔热耐火砖，由以下重量份的原料制成：海绿石16-29、玻璃轻石15-25、提钛尾渣27-38、焦宝石20-30、磷酸铝13-21、多孔锰渣10-15、酪朊酸钠4-9、水玻璃渣8-16、赤泥32-41、玻屑凝灰岩18-32、铝灰21-33、珍珠岩尾砂17-31、脱硫石膏19-34、海菜粉7-13。
一种保温隔热耐火砖的制备方法，由下列步骤组成：
(1)将提钛尾渣、焦宝石、铝灰、珍珠岩尾砂混合均匀，粉碎，过60-90目筛，840-880℃煅烧2-3h，冷却至室温，300-500r/min干法球磨20-40min，然后按照固液比1：5-6将球磨后的粉末加入到质量分数为35％的盐酸溶液中，水浴加热至70-80℃，保温浸泡3-5h，自然冷却至50℃以下时过滤，滤渣留用，滤液加摩尔浓度为5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液至pH为12-13，过滤，滤液通入二氧化碳气体至pH为8-9时，关闭二氧化碳，静置陈化4-6h，过滤，滤渣洗涤干净，烘干，790-820℃温煅烧1.5-2.5h，冷却至室温，待用；
(2)按照固液比1：4-5将步骤(1)留用的滤渣加入到质量分数为15％的氢氧化钠溶液中，加热至70-80℃，保温浸泡2-3h，自然冷却至50℃以下时过滤，滤液通入二氧化碳气体至pH为7-8时，关闭二氧化碳，静置陈化2-4h，过滤，滤渣洗涤干净，烘干，550-600℃温煅烧1-2h，冷却至室温，待用；
(3)将步骤(1)制得的原料与步骤(2)制得的原料混合均匀，然后加入相当于混合物质量45-55％的硫酸钠和45-55％的碳酸钠，800-900r/min干法球磨6-9min，1080-1140℃煅烧2-4h，冷却至室温，加入到适量的蒸馏水中，水浴加热至60-70℃，搅拌8-10min，过滤，滤渣洗涤，干净，烘干，得到耐火料；
(4)将海绿石、玻璃轻石、多孔锰渣、玻屑凝灰岩混合均匀，粉碎，过50-80目筛后与步骤(3)制得的耐火料进行干混，混合4-7min，然后加入适量的水，并加入余下原料进行湿混，混合3-6min；
(5)将步骤(4)制得的混合料加入成型模具中压制成型，成型压力为20-25MPa，将成型后的坯体静置3-4h，然后蒸压养护，蒸压养护制度为升温2-4h，恒温6-8h，降温3-5h，蒸压温度为165-185℃，然后自然环养护即可。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明通过从提钛尾渣、焦宝石、铝灰、珍珠岩尾砂等原料中提取氧化铝和二氧化硅，然后在硫酸钠和碳酸钠的熔盐中煅烧，可以得到以莫来石为主要成分的耐火料，该耐火料加入到砖中，可以大大提高耐火砖的耐火性，使得耐火砖在高温下仍能保持优异的综合性能，同时实现了提钛尾渣、铝灰、珍珠岩尾砂等固体废渣的再资源化利用，具有重要的经济效益和社会效益；
(2)本发明添加了海绿石、玻璃轻石、多孔锰渣、玻屑凝灰岩等原料，可以大大降低耐火砖的导热系数，提高耐火砖的保温隔热性能，解决了现有耐火砖保温隔热差的问题。本发明耐火砖具有高强度、轻质量、导热系数低、保温隔热效果好的特点，适合用于工业窑炉内衬，为工业窑炉设备提供高效节能的保证。
具体实施方式
一种保温隔热耐火砖，由以下重量(kg)的原料制成：海绿石21、玻璃轻石20、提钛尾渣32、焦宝石25、磷酸铝17、多孔锰渣12、酪朊酸钠6、水玻璃渣12、赤泥36、玻屑凝灰岩24、铝灰28、珍珠岩尾砂23、脱硫石膏25、海菜粉11。
一种保温隔热耐火砖的制备方法，由下列步骤组成：
(1)将提钛尾渣、焦宝石、铝灰、珍珠岩尾砂混合均匀，粉碎，过80目筛，860℃煅烧2.5h，冷却至室温，400r/min干法球磨30min，然后按照固液比1：5将球磨后的粉末加入到质量分数为35％的盐酸溶液中，水浴加热至75℃，保温浸泡4h，自然冷却至50℃以下时过滤，滤渣留用，滤液加摩尔浓度为5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液至pH为12，过滤，滤液通入二氧化碳气体至pH为8时，关闭二氧化碳，静置陈化5h，过滤，滤渣洗涤干净，烘干，810℃温煅烧2h，冷却至室温，待用；
(2)按照固液比1：4将步骤(1)留用的滤渣加入到质量分数为15％的氢氧化钠溶液中，加热至75℃，保温浸泡2.5h，自然冷却至50℃以下时过滤，滤液通入二氧化碳气体至pH为7.5时，关闭二氧化碳，静置陈化3h，过滤，滤渣洗涤干净，烘干，580℃温煅烧1.5h，冷却至室温，待用；
(3)将步骤(1)制得的原料与步骤(2)制得的原料混合均匀，然后加入相当于混合物质量50％的硫酸钠和50％的碳酸钠，850r/min干法球磨7min，1120℃煅烧3h，冷却至室温，加入到适量的蒸馏水中，水浴加热至65℃，搅拌9min，过滤，滤渣洗涤，干净，烘干，得到耐火料；
(4)将海绿石、玻璃轻石、多孔锰渣、玻屑凝灰岩混合均匀，粉碎，过60目筛后与步骤(3)制得的耐火料进行干混，混合6min，然后加入适量的水，并加入余下原料进行湿混，混合4min；
(5)将步骤(4)制得的混合料加入成型模具中压制成型，成型压力为22MPa，将成型后的坯体静置3.5h，然后蒸压养护，蒸压养护制度为升温3h，恒温7h，降温4h，蒸压温度为175℃，然后自然环养护即可。
上述实施例制得的耐火砖的的性能检测结果与国外耐火砖性能参数相比较如下表所示：
国外耐火砖 上述实施例生产的耐火砖
耐火度，℃ 1740 1800
导热系数，W/(m·k) 0.8 0.4

Claims (2)

1.一种保温隔热耐火砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：海绿石16-29、玻璃轻石15-25、提钛尾渣27-38、焦宝石20-30、磷酸铝13-21、多孔锰渣10-15、酪朊酸钠4-9、水玻璃渣8-16、赤泥32-41、玻屑凝灰岩18-32、铝灰21-33、珍珠岩尾砂17-31、脱硫石膏19-34、海菜粉7-13。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的保温隔热耐火砖的制备方法，其特征在于，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将提钛尾渣、焦宝石、铝灰、珍珠岩尾砂混合均匀，粉碎，过60-90目筛，840-880℃煅烧2-3h，冷却至室温，300-500r/min干法球磨20-40min，然后按照固液比1：5-6将球磨后的粉末加入到质量分数为35%的盐酸溶液中，水浴加热至70-80℃，保温浸泡3-5h，自然冷却至50℃以下时过滤，滤渣留用，滤液加摩尔浓度为5mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液至pH为12-13，过滤，滤液通入二氧化碳气体至pH为8-9时，关闭二氧化碳，静置陈化4-6h，过滤，滤渣洗涤干净，烘干，790-820℃温煅烧1.5-2.5h，冷却至室温，待用；
（2）按照固液比1：4-5将步骤（1）留用的滤渣加入到质量分数为15%的氢氧化钠溶液中，加热至70-80℃，保温浸泡2-3h，自然冷却至50℃以下时过滤，滤液通入二氧化碳气体至pH为7-8时，关闭二氧化碳，静置陈化2-4h，过滤，滤渣洗涤干净，烘干，550-600℃温煅烧1-2h，冷却至室温，待用；
（3）将步骤（1）制得的原料与步骤（2）制得的原料混合均匀，然后加入相当于混合物质量45-55%的硫酸钠和45-55%的碳酸钠，800-900r/min干法球磨6-9min，1080-1140℃煅烧2-4h，冷却至室温，加入到适量的蒸馏水中，水浴加热至60-70℃，搅拌8-10min，过滤，滤渣洗涤，干净，烘干，得到耐火料；
（4）将海绿石、玻璃轻石、多孔锰渣、玻屑凝灰岩混合均匀，粉碎，过50-80目筛后与步骤（3）制得的耐火料进行干混，混合4-7min，然后加入适量的水，并加入余下原料进行湿混，混合3-6min；
（5）将步骤（4）制得的混合料加入成型模具中压制成型，成型压力为20-25MPa，将成型后的坯体静置3-4h，然后蒸压养护，蒸压养护制度为升温2-4h，恒温6-8h，降温3-5h，蒸压温度为165-185℃，然后自然环养护即可。
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