CN107027674A - A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab - Google Patents
A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab Download PDFInfo
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- CN107027674A CN107027674A CN201710387958.4A CN201710387958A CN107027674A CN 107027674 A CN107027674 A CN 107027674A CN 201710387958 A CN201710387958 A CN 201710387958A CN 107027674 A CN107027674 A CN 107027674A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, a kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab is disclosed, is comprised the following steps：（1）Illumination abundance, the pool near from water source are selected as cultivation base, and different positions are divided in pond, it is convenient to manage, and build anti-escape device, to being carried out disinfection after the water filling of pond, composition and consumption used should play good effect, and crab is not caused harm again；（2）Young crab will pass through soak immersion treatment before being raised in input pond, on the one hand can improve the adaptability of young crab, its disease resistance can be improved again, further to cultivating condition to limit, and can accelerate crab growth, prophylactic can also occur；（3）Enter the shell phase in crab, raise difficulty and become big, now " preferably quiet to move ", the feed of nursing is nutritious, while to reduce nursing number of times, prevents occurring stress reaction in shell, infectious disease.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab.
Background technology
Crab：The animal kingdom, Arthropoda, subphylum crustacea, hapalonychia guiding principle, true Malacostraca, Decapoda, abdomen embryo is sub-
Mesh under mesh, short-tail.It is shellfish, body is protect by duricrust, by gill respiration.In taxonomy, it is with shrimp, dragon
Shrimp, hermit crab are species.The crab of most species live in the sea or neritic zone, also there are some to dwell in fresh water or land
Ground.Crab judges direction by earth's magnetic field.The with a long history of crab eats in China,《Ease week book king can solve》《Zhou Litian
Official blister people》In it is on the books.Crab is rich in protein, there is high cholesterol, high purine, should self section when patient with gout is edible
System, the people with flu, hepatitis, angiocardiopathy should not eat crab.There is the tradition of edible river crab before and after mid-autumn in China, due to tradition
The upper traditional Chinese medical science thinks that crab is cold in nature, therefore the condiment that the configuration food crab such as conventional ginger young pilose antler, purple perilla uses.They lean on small crab of female crab next life, often
Secondary female crab can all produce many ovum, quantity up to millions of grains more than.These ovum are after the hatching of female crab belly, and the young can depart from
Parent, as littoral trend is swum everywhere.After ejection several times, grow up to megalopas, megalopas is long through ejection several times again
Into young crab, young crab external form is almost identical with into crab, then reforms into after ejection several times crab.Most sea crabs class is all ovum
After maturation, directly discharge Yu Haiyang is not hatched.
In crab cultivation, " three points support seven be in charge of ", the success or failure of the quality influence cultivation of management, with environment and weather
Change, the radical response number of times of crab is growing day by day, and especially in shell, incidence of mortality is greatly improved, slightly without noting
It is difficult to control to, therefore, the problem of also existing many in the cultivation of crab needs to solve.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that there is provided a kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab, Neng Goubang the problem of being directed to existing
Help crab smoothly to spend the shell phase, accelerate growth, feed used at the same time can also improve the meat of crab.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps：
（1）Select illumination abundance, the pool near from water source as cultivation base, leave the edge conduct for accounting for pond area 10-15%
Phytal zone, and excavate and can accommodate the annular Ji Xiegou of whole cultivation amounts, bottom of pond, to hardened, is built by Exposure to Sunlight using plastic sheeting
Anti-escape wall, higher than 50-60 centimetres of riverbank, and is fixed with iron wire, mud is put into pond, thickness is 8-10cm, is injected limpid
River, the highest depth of water is 1.3-1.5 meter, and quick lime and the concentration of being splashed into pond are 0.1-0.2% potassium permanganate, and consumption is：It is raw
Thousand grams/acre of thousand grams/acre of lime 120-140, potassium permanganate 40-50；
（2）Screening vigor is good, and the young crab that physique is more or less the same, which is put into solution, to be soaked 10-12 minutes, and solution is by salt, little Su
Beat, golden multidimensional, water are mixed, wherein salt mass fraction is 0.01-0.02%, the seedling after immersion is put into pond, often
Mu input amount be 1300-1500 only, water temperature control is at 15-25 DEG C, and day and night temperature is no more than 5 DEG C, pH value in 7.8-8.0 scopes,
Dissolved oxygen amount is 5-7 mg/litres, and every the water of replacing in 10-15 days, replacing amount accounts for the 15-20% of pond water, every 3-5 days to pond
30-40 kilograms of living bait is put into the pool；
（3）In the crab shell phase, water temperature is raised 3-4 DEG C, keeps surrounding environment quiet, big waters ripple should not be produced during feeding
Dynamic, feeding number of times is reduced to 2-3 times/day, and feed is put into annular collection crab ditch and fed, man-made feeds in parts by weight by
Following component is made：40-45 parts of wheat bran, 35-40 parts of sweet potato, 25-35 parts of pumpkin, 20-25 parts of rice bran, 15-20 parts of bean dregs, freshwater mussel
10-15 parts of meat, 5-10 parts of crumbs, 2-3 parts of egg shell, 0.2-0.3 parts of mixed vitamin, and to water body put into 280-300 grams/
The precious special power calcium with 280-300 grams/acre of the lactic acid of mu；
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）Middle phytal zone is higher than profundal zone 40-50 centimetres, in phytal zone paving
If thickness is 3-5 centimetres of river sand, and planting aquatic plants.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in living bait comprising mass fraction be 20-30%
Water earthworm, mass fraction be 20-30% wheel animalcule, mass fraction be 20-30% spiral shell, remaining as Shrimps.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Middle mussel meat is obtained by vacuum dehydration processing.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：In order to solve that environment and gas are there is in existing crab cultivation
The change of time, the radical response number of times of crab is growing day by day, and especially in shell, incidence of mortality is greatly improved, and is not noted slightly
The problem of meaning is just difficult to control to, the invention provides a kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps：（1）Choosing
Illumination abundance, the pool near from water source are selected as cultivation base, and different positions are divided in pond, it is convenient to manage, and build
Anti-escape device, to being carried out disinfection after the water filling of pond, composition and consumption used should play good effect, and crab is not made again
Into harm；（2）Young crab will pass through soak immersion treatment before being raised in input pond, on the one hand can improve the adaptation of young crab
Property, its disease resistance can be improved again, it is further to cultivating condition to limit, crab growth can be accelerated, prophylactic can also be sent out
It is raw；（3）Enter the shell phase in crab, raise difficulty and become big, now " preferably quiet to move ", the feed of nursing is nutritious, together
When to reduce nursing number of times, prevent occurring stress reaction in shell, catch.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps：
（1）Select illumination abundance, the pool near from water source as cultivation base, leave the edge for accounting for pond area 10% as shallow
Pool, and excavate and can accommodate the annular Ji Xiegou of whole cultivation amounts, bottom of pond, to hardened, is built anti-by Exposure to Sunlight using plastic sheeting
Escape wall, higher than 50 centimetres of riverbank, and fixed with iron wire, mud is put into pond, thickness is 8cm, inject limpid river, highest
The depth of water is 1.3 meters, and quick lime and the concentration of being splashed into pond are 0.1% potassium permanganate, and consumption is：120,000 grams/acre of quick lime is high
40,000 grams/acre of potassium manganate；
（2）Screening vigor is good, and the young crab that physique is more or less the same, which is put into solution, to be soaked 10 minutes, and solution is by salt, sodium bicarbonate, gold
Multidimensional, water are mixed, and wherein salt mass fraction is 0.01%, the seedling after immersion is put into pond, every mu of input amount is
1300, water temperature control is at 15-25 DEG C, and day and night temperature is no more than 5 DEG C, pH value in 7.8-8.0 scopes, dissolved oxygen amount is 5 milligrams/
Rise, a water was changed every 10 days, replacing amount accounts for the 15% of pond water, 30 kilograms of living baits were put into pond every 3 days；
（3）In the crab shell phase, water temperature is raised 3 DEG C, keeps surrounding environment quiet, big waters ripple should not be produced during feeding
Dynamic, feeding number of times is reduced to 2 times/day, and feed is put into annular collection crab ditch and fed, man-made feeds in parts by weight by with
Lower composition is made：40 parts of wheat bran, 35 parts of sweet potato, 25 parts of pumpkin, 20 parts of rice bran, 15 parts of bean dregs, 10 parts of mussel meat, 5 parts of crumbs,
2 parts of egg shell, 0.2 part of mixed vitamin, and put into 280 grams/acre of lactic acid treasured and 280 grams/acre of special power calcium to water body；
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）Middle phytal zone is higher than profundal zone 40 centimetres, is laid in phytal zone thick
Spend the river sand for 3 centimetres, and planting aquatic plants.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in living bait comprising mass fraction be 20% water
Spiral shell that wheel animalcule that earthworm, mass fraction are 20%, mass fraction are 20%, remaining as Shrimps.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Middle mussel meat is obtained by vacuum dehydration processing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps：
（1）Select illumination abundance, the pool near from water source as cultivation base, leave the edge for accounting for pond area 12% as shallow
Pool, and excavate and can accommodate the annular Ji Xiegou of whole cultivation amounts, bottom of pond, to hardened, is built anti-by Exposure to Sunlight using plastic sheeting
Escape wall, higher than 55 centimetres of riverbank, and fixed with iron wire, mud is put into pond, thickness is 9cm, inject limpid river, highest
The depth of water is 1.4 meters, and quick lime and the concentration of being splashed into pond are 0.15% potassium permanganate, and consumption is：130,000 grams/acre of quick lime,
45,000 grams/acre of potassium permanganate；
（2）Screening vigor is good, and the young crab that physique is more or less the same, which is put into solution, to be soaked 11 minutes, and solution is by salt, sodium bicarbonate, gold
Multidimensional, water are mixed, and wherein salt mass fraction is 0.015%, and the seedling after immersion is put into pond, every mu of input amount
For 1400, water temperature control is at 15-25 DEG C, and day and night temperature is no more than 5 DEG C, pH value in 7.8-8.0 scopes, dissolved oxygen amount is 6 milligrams/
Rise, a water was changed every 12 days, replacing amount accounts for the 17% of pond water, 35 kilograms of living baits were put into pond every 4 days；
（3）In the crab shell phase, water temperature is raised 3.5 DEG C, keeps surrounding environment quiet, big waters ripple should not be produced during feeding
Dynamic, feeding number of times is reduced to 2 times/day, and feed is put into annular collection crab ditch and fed, man-made feeds in parts by weight by with
Lower composition is made：42 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of sweet potato, 30 parts of pumpkin, 22 parts of rice bran, 17 parts of bean dregs, 12 parts of mussel meat, 7 parts of crumbs,
2.5 parts of egg shell, 0.25 part of mixed vitamin, and put into 290 grams/acre of lactic acid treasured and 290 grams/acre of special power calcium to water body；
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）Middle phytal zone is higher than profundal zone 45 centimetres, is laid in phytal zone thick
Spend the river sand for 4 centimetres, and planting aquatic plants.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in living bait comprising mass fraction be 25% water
Spiral shell that wheel animalcule that earthworm, mass fraction are 25%, mass fraction are 25%, remaining as Shrimps.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Middle mussel meat is obtained by vacuum dehydration processing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab, comprises the following steps：
（1）Select illumination abundance, the pool near from water source as cultivation base, leave the edge for accounting for pond area 15% as shallow
Pool, and excavate and can accommodate the annular Ji Xiegou of whole cultivation amounts, bottom of pond, to hardened, is built anti-by Exposure to Sunlight using plastic sheeting
Escape wall, higher than 60 centimetres of riverbank, and fixed with iron wire, mud is put into pond, thickness is 10cm, inject limpid river, most
The high depth of water is 1.5 meters, and quick lime and the concentration of being splashed into pond are 0.2% potassium permanganate, and consumption is：140,000 grams/acre of quick lime,
50,000 grams/acre of potassium permanganate；
（2）Screening vigor is good, and the young crab that physique is more or less the same, which is put into solution, to be soaked 12 minutes, and solution is by salt, sodium bicarbonate, gold
Multidimensional, water are mixed, and wherein salt mass fraction is 0.02%, the seedling after immersion is put into pond, every mu of input amount is
1500, water temperature control is at 15-25 DEG C, and day and night temperature is no more than 5 DEG C, pH value in 7.8-8.0 scopes, dissolved oxygen amount is 7 milligrams/
Rise, a water was changed every 15 days, replacing amount accounts for the 20% of pond water, 40 kilograms of living baits were put into pond every 5 days；
（3）In the crab shell phase, water temperature is raised 4 DEG C, keeps surrounding environment quiet, big waters ripple should not be produced during feeding
Dynamic, feeding number of times is reduced to 3 times/day, and feed is put into annular collection crab ditch and fed, man-made feeds in parts by weight by with
Lower composition is made：45 parts of wheat bran, 40 parts of sweet potato, 35 parts of pumpkin, 25 parts of rice bran, 20 parts of bean dregs, 15 parts of mussel meat, crumbs 10
Part, 3 parts of egg shell, 0.3 part of mixed vitamin, and put into 300 grams/acre of lactic acid treasured and 300 grams/acre of special power calcium to water body；
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）Middle phytal zone is higher than profundal zone 50 centimetres, is laid in phytal zone thick
Spend the river sand for 5 centimetres, and planting aquatic plants.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in living bait comprising mass fraction be 30% water
Spiral shell that wheel animalcule that earthworm, mass fraction are 30%, mass fraction are 30%, remaining as Shrimps.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Middle mussel meat is obtained by vacuum dehydration processing.
Contrast test
Crab cultivation is carried out using embodiment 1-3 method respectively, in existing crab cultivation method as a control group, every group is supported
Area is grown for 5 mu, and cultivation result is recorded as shown in the table：
| Project | Seedling percent（%） | Time To Market shifts to an earlier date（My god） | Illness rate（%） | Output increased（%） |
| Embodiment 1 | 39 | 15 | 12 | 31 |
| Embodiment 2 | 41 | 17 | 10 | 33 |
| Embodiment 3 | 40 | 16 | 11 | 30 |
| Control group | 34 | Control | 21 | Control |
It is can be found that by comparing：Crab cultivation is carried out using the method for the present invention, seedling percent is greatly improved, Time To Market
It is reduced, the crab illness rate that cultivation is obtained is low, and yield is largely increased.
Claims (3)
1. the increasing of quality and production cultural method of a kind of crab, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Select illumination abundance, the pool near from water source as cultivation base, leave the edge conduct for accounting for pond area 10-15%
Phytal zone, and excavate and can accommodate the annular Ji Xiegou of whole cultivation amounts, bottom of pond, to hardened, is built by Exposure to Sunlight using plastic sheeting
Anti-escape wall, higher than 50-60 centimetres of riverbank, and is fixed with iron wire, mud is put into pond, thickness is 8-10cm, is injected limpid
River, the highest depth of water is 1.3-1.5 meter, and quick lime and the concentration of being splashed into pond are 0.1-0.2% potassium permanganate, and consumption is：It is raw
Thousand grams/acre of thousand grams/acre of lime 120-140, potassium permanganate 40-50；
（2）Screening vigor is good, and the young crab that physique is more or less the same, which is put into solution, to be soaked 10-12 minutes, and solution is by salt, little Su
Beat, golden multidimensional, water are mixed, wherein salt mass fraction is 0.01-0.02%, the seedling after immersion is put into pond, often
Mu input amount be 1300-1500 only, water temperature control is at 15-25 DEG C, and day and night temperature is no more than 5 DEG C, pH value in 7.8-8.0 scopes,
Dissolved oxygen amount is 5-7 mg/litres, and every the water of replacing in 10-15 days, replacing amount accounts for the 15-20% of pond water, every 3-5 days to pond
30-40 kilograms of living bait is put into the pool；
（3）In the crab shell phase, water temperature is raised 3-4 DEG C, keeps surrounding environment quiet, big waters ripple should not be produced during feeding
Dynamic, feeding number of times is reduced to 2-3 times/day, and feed is put into annular collection crab ditch and fed, man-made feeds in parts by weight by
Following component is made：40-45 parts of wheat bran, 35-40 parts of sweet potato, 25-35 parts of pumpkin, 20-25 parts of rice bran, 15-20 parts of bean dregs, freshwater mussel
10-15 parts of meat, 5-10 parts of crumbs, 2-3 parts of egg shell, 0.2-0.3 parts of mixed vitamin, and to water body put into 280-300 grams/
The precious special power calcium with 280-300 grams/acre of the lactic acid of mu；
A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Middle phytal zone is than deep
Pool is high 40-50 centimetres, and in phytal zone, laying depth is 3-5 centimetres of river sand, and planting aquatic plants.
2. a kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described in work
Bait includes the spiral shell that the water earthworm that mass fraction is 20-30%, the wheel animalcule that mass fraction is 20-30%, mass fraction are 20-30%
Snail, remaining as Shrimps.
3. a kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Middle mussel meat is
Handle what is obtained by vacuum dehydration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710387958.4A CN107027674A (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710387958.4A CN107027674A (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab |
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| CN107027674A true CN107027674A (en) | 2017-08-11 |
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| CN201710387958.4A Pending CN107027674A (en) | 2017-05-27 | 2017-05-27 | A kind of increasing of quality and production cultural method of crab |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107912343A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-17 | 肥西县翰鹏畜禽养殖专业合作社 | A kind of rice field shrimp aquaculture pest control method |
| CN108552093A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of 3 methods to water pond of 3 water drenchings of Eriocheir sinensis juvenile crab |
| CN113412804A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-21 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for judging survival of young eriocheir sinensis |
-
2017
- 2017-05-27 CN CN201710387958.4A patent/CN107027674A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 温晓波: "蟹种早育技术", 《科学养鱼》 * |
| 王春华: "螃蟹池塘养殖技术与管理措施", 《渔业致富指南》 * |
| 章爱如等: "虾蟹养殖要点：补钙固壳抗应激(下)", 《当代水产》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107912343A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-17 | 肥西县翰鹏畜禽养殖专业合作社 | A kind of rice field shrimp aquaculture pest control method |
| CN108552093A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of 3 methods to water pond of 3 water drenchings of Eriocheir sinensis juvenile crab |
| CN113412804A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-21 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for judging survival of young eriocheir sinensis |
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Application publication date: 20170811 |