CN107024535B - A kind of polyphyly number depth detection method of the vertical defect based on surface wave - Google Patents
A kind of polyphyly number depth detection method of the vertical defect based on surface wave Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
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- G01N2291/0423—Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
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- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0426—Bulk waves, e.g. quartz crystal microbalance, torsional waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0428—Mode conversion
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Abstract
A kind of polyphyly number depth detection method of the vertical defect based on surface wave, belongs to supersonic guide-wave non-destructive testing and evaluation areas.Surface wave is in communication process, the bulk wave of scattering is had when interacting with defect below defect, the lower end surface that bodily wave propagation encounters workpiece can reflect, surface wave such as (namely mode conversion echo) can be converted to once again and propagate along defect both ends by encountering defect, and the time difference with flaw echo is the total distance that shear wave is propagated in thickness of workpiece direction.For the mode conversion echo at defect both ends with flaw echo and the comprehensive characterization parameter that can be used as depth of defect of transmitted wave, the depth detection method of the vertical defect of polyphyly number, which solves, brings inaccuracy and unworthiness for being greater than the detection of 0.45 times of wavelength depth of defect at present.In health monitoring and Nondestructive Evaluation field, there are great application value and potentiality.
Description
Technical field
The polyphyly number depth detection method for the vertical defect based on surface wave that the present invention relates to a kind of, belong to supersonic guide-wave without
Damage detection and evaluation areas.
Background technique
Using surface wave to carry out, Surface Flaw Detection is especially vertical to surface or the vertical defect of class carries out at present
When depth detection, according to parameter informations such as the size of workpiece, materials, pass through probe transmitting specific frequency or specific wavelength
Surface wave carries out defects detection.Excitating surface wave and flaw echo are calculated according to obtained signal waveform (self excitation and self receiving)
Time difference Δ t obtains total distance that surface wave is propagated multiplied by time difference Δ t with the known surface wave velocity of wave v in this workpiece,
The position of defect is determined with the half of total distance.Detection for depth of defect often swashs a form received using one.First into
The foundation of row emulation coefficient curve, the signal waveform received according to receiving transducer record and calculate amplitude, the defect of direct wave
The amplitude of echo and the amplitude of transmitted wave, on the basis of through wave amplitude, with the amplitude of flaw echo and the width of transmitted wave
Value is normalized to obtain the coefficient of characterization depth of defect information divided by through wave amplitude.Work is determined further according to related experiment
The characterization parameter of part depth of defect, the detection that coefficient of correlation curve carries out depth of defect determine.But depth of defect characterizes coefficient
Preferable monotonicity only is showed in the range of depth of defect is 0.45 times of wavelength, is 0.45 times of wavelength in depth of defect
The opposite shape condition of monotonicity is showed in later range, that is to say, that whole coefficient curve is deep in general 0.45 times of wavelength defect
There is inflection point at degree.This just brings inaccuracy and unworthiness for being greater than the detection of 0.45 times of wavelength depth of defect.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing problem, the polyphyly number for the vertical defect based on surface wave that the invention proposes a kind of is deep
Detection method is spent, is solved and is brought inaccuracy for being greater than the detection of 0.45 times of wavelength depth of defect at present and be not suitable for
Property.Surface wave has the bulk wave of scattering in communication process below defect when interacting with defect, bodily wave propagation encounters work
The lower end surface of part can reflect, and surface wave such as attached drawing 1-2 (namely mode conversion echo) can be converted to once again by encountering defect
And propagated along defect both ends, the time difference with flaw echo is the total distance that shear wave is propagated in thickness of workpiece direction.Defect
The mode conversion echo at both ends can be used as the characterization parameter of depth of defect with flaw echo and transmitted wave synthesis, polyphyly number
The depth detection method of vertical defect, which solves, brings inaccuracy for being greater than the detection of 0.45 times of wavelength depth of defect at present
Property and unworthiness.
Step 1: establishing emulation polyphyly number curve
The parameter informations such as size and material for target workpiece determine suitable simulation software, establish suitable emulation
Model.According to required, depth of defect size range is determined, carry out serial emulation.According to simulation model, extract at observation point or face
Shape information, with obtained flaw echo value, transmission wave number and defect both ends at mode conversion echo (such as attached drawing 1)
Value is gone directly divided by benchmark as ordinate after wave number normalized, then with depth of defect or depth of defect divided by wavelength normalization
Processing is used as abscissa, establishes polyphyly number depth of defect characterization curve (such as attached drawing 2).
Step 2: carrying out experiment detection
According to the size of target workpiece and material parameter information and emulate stimulating frequency and swash that polyphyly number curve is established
Originating party formula selects suitable probe to be tested.As shown in figure 3, experimental system includes test piece, a sharp receipts probe, shows
Wave device, excitation set；One swashs a receipts probe is connected with test piece, and one sharp one, which receives probe, passes through connecting line and excitation set company
It connects, excitation set is connect with oscillograph.Experiment measures the mode at flaw echo, transmitted wave and the defect both ends of test piece and turns
It gains wave (such as attached drawing 1), record obtains the waveforms amplitude of above four characterizations depth of defect.
Step 3: determining depth of defect
Four defect informations of mode conversion echo at flaw echo, transmitted wave and defect both ends measured according to experiment,
One group of four coefficient value is obtained divided by a reference value direct wave.The obtained one group of four coefficient depth of defect characterization of contrast simulation is bent
Line determines the depth of defect.
Polyphyly number includes flaw echo depth of defect characterization coefficient, transmitted wave depth of defect characterization coefficient, defect left end mould
State converts echo depth of defect characterization coefficient, defect right end mode conversion echo depth of defect characterizes coefficient；Flaw echo defect
Depth characterization coefficient is the flaw echo that surface wave propagation encounters that defect reflection is returned in the process, according to for different depth
The flaw echo depth of defect that the flaw echo amplitude that defect reflection is returned is different and establishes characterizes coefficient；Transmitted wave depth of defect
Characterization coefficient is the transmitted wave that surface wave propagation encounters that defect continues propagation through defect in the process, according to for different depths
The transmitted wave depth of defect spending the transmission wave amplitude difference of defect transmissive and establishing characterizes coefficient；Defect left end mode conversion
It is surface wave in communication process that echo depth of defect, which characterizes coefficient, and scattering is had below defect when interacting with defect
Bulk wave, the lower end surface that bodily wave propagation encounters workpiece can reflect, and encountering defect can be converted to once again along the propagation of defect left end
Surface wave, defect left end mode that is different according to the defect defect left end mode conversion echo amplitude of different depth and establishing turn
Gain wave depth of defect characterization coefficient；It is surface wave in communication process that defect right end mode conversion echo depth of defect, which characterizes coefficient,
In, the bulk wave of scattering is had when interacting with defect below defect, the lower end surface that bodily wave propagation encounters workpiece can be reflected back
Come, the surface wave propagated along defect right end can be converted to once again by encountering defect, according to the defect defect right end mould of different depth
The defect right end mode conversion echo depth of defect that state converts back wave amplitude difference and establishes characterizes coefficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Mode conversion echo simulation figure of Fig. 1 surface wave at defect both ends；
Fig. 2 500kHz polyphyly number depth of defect characterizes curve；
Fig. 3 tests schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 COMSOL simulation model；
Propagation of Fig. 5 500kHz following table surface wave in aluminium sheet；
Flaw echo and mode conversion echo information under Fig. 6 500kHz；
Fig. 7 Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 experiment measures mode conversion echo on the left of flaw echo and defect；
Fig. 9 experiment measures mode conversion echo on the right side of transmitted wave and defect；
Specific embodiment
The contents of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with 500kHz example:
Step 1: establishing emulation polyphyly number curve
The parameter informations such as size and material for target workpiece determine COMSOL simulation software, establish suitable emulation
Model (such as attached drawing 4).According in target workpiece surface wave velocity of wave be 3000m/s, calculatings wavelength be 6mm, determine depth of defect
Size range is 0-7.2mm, is carried out serial emulation (such as attached drawing 5).According to simulation model, the shape information at observation point is extracted,
The shape information at observation point is read with MATlab and carries out Hilbert transform (such as attached drawing 6) to ensure to obtain more accurately
Amplitude information.It extracts the maximum value at wave packet: being turned with the mode at obtained flaw echo value, transmission wave number and defect both ends
It gains wave number to go directly divided by benchmark as ordinate after wave number normalized, then is handled with depth of defect divided by wavelength normalization
As abscissa, polyphyly number depth of defect characterization curve (such as attached drawing 2) is established.
Step 2: carrying out experiment detection
The stimulating frequency established according to the parameter informations such as the size of target workpiece and material and emulation polyphyly number curve
500kHz and point mode of excitation, select Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (such as attached drawing 7) to carry out experiment detection.As shown in Fig. 3, experiment system
Steel plate, sharp a receipts receiving transducer, oscillograph, excitation set of the system including 400mm*650mm*25mm.Experiment measures workpiece and lacks
The mode conversion echo (such as attached drawing 8-9) at echo, transmitted wave and defect both ends is fallen into, it is deep that record obtains above four characterizations defect
The waveforms amplitude of degree.
Step 3: determining depth of defect
Four defect informations of mode conversion echo at flaw echo, transmitted wave and defect both ends measured according to experiment,
It is read out and is handled with MATlab, obtain one group of four coefficient value divided by a reference value direct wave with amplitude most value.Contrast simulation
Obtained one group of four coefficient depth of defect characterizes curve, determines the depth 1mm of defect.
It is examined above with depth of the 500kHz exemplary operations to a kind of vertical defect of plate based on surface wave provided by the invention
Survey method is described.The explanation of above embodiments serve mainly to facilitate understand surface wave with defect interact in generate
Mode conversion echo it is very important, in traditional flaw echo, transmitted wave be added defect both ends at mode conversion return
Wave can preferably characterize the depth of defect, to break through the limitation of inflection point at 0.45 times of wavelength depth of defect；Meanwhile for ability
The those skilled in the art in domain, method according to the present invention have a variation in specific embodiment and range, in this specification
Appearance should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of polyphyly number depth detection method of the vertical defect based on surface wave, it is characterised in that: this method includes process
It is as follows:
Step 1: establishing emulation polyphyly number curve
Size and material parameter information for target workpiece determine suitable simulation software, establish suitable simulation model；Root
According to required, depth of defect size range is determined, carry out serial emulation；According to simulation model, the waveform at observation point or face is extracted
Information, it is through divided by benchmark with the mode conversion Echo Rating at obtained flaw echo value, transmission wave number and defect both ends
It is used as ordinate after wave number normalized, then is handled using depth of defect or depth of defect divided by wavelength normalization as horizontal seat
Mark establishes polyphyly number depth of defect characterization curve；
Step 2: carrying out experiment detection
The stimulating frequency established according to the size of target workpiece and material parameter information and emulation polyphyly number curve and excitation side
Formula selects suitable probe to be tested；Experimental system includes test piece, sharp a receipts probe, oscillograph, excitation set；
One, which swashs one, receives probe and is connected with test piece, and one, which swashs one, receives probe and is connect with excitation set by connecting line, excitation set and
Oscillograph connection；Experiment measures the mode conversion echo at flaw echo, transmitted wave and the defect both ends of test piece, records
The waveforms amplitude of depth of defect is characterized to above four；
Step 3: determining depth of defect
Four defect informations of mode conversion echo at flaw echo, transmitted wave and defect both ends measured according to experiment, divided by
A reference value direct wave obtains one group of four coefficient value；The obtained one group of four coefficient depth of defect of contrast simulation characterizes curve,
Determine the depth of defect；
Polyphyly number includes flaw echo depth of defect characterization coefficient, transmitted wave depth of defect characterization coefficient, defect left end mode turn
Gain wave depth of defect characterization coefficient, defect right end mode conversion echo depth of defect characterization coefficient；Flaw echo depth of defect
Characterization coefficient is the flaw echo that surface wave propagation encounters that defect reflection is returned in the process, according to for different deep defects
The flaw echo depth of defect that reflected flaw echo amplitude is different and establishes characterizes coefficient；Transmitted wave depth of defect characterization
Coefficient is the transmitted wave that surface wave propagation encounters that defect continues propagation through defect in the process, is lacked according to for different depth
The transmitted wave depth of defect for falling into the transmission wave amplitude difference of transmissive and establishing characterizes coefficient；Defect left end mode conversion echo
It is surface wave in communication process that depth of defect, which characterizes coefficient, has the body of scattering when interacting with defect below defect
Wave, the lower end surface that bodily wave propagation encounters workpiece can reflect, and the table propagated along defect left end can be converted to once again by encountering defect
Surface wave, different according to the defect defect left end mode conversion echo amplitude of different depth and foundation defect left end mode conversion
Echo depth of defect characterizes coefficient；It is surface wave in communication process that defect right end mode conversion echo depth of defect, which characterizes coefficient,
In, the bulk wave of scattering is had when interacting with defect below defect, the lower end surface that bodily wave propagation encounters workpiece can be reflected back
Come, the surface wave propagated along defect right end can be converted to once again by encountering defect, according to the defect defect right end mould of different depth
The defect right end mode conversion echo depth of defect that state converts back wave amplitude difference and establishes characterizes coefficient.
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| CN108645920B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2020-12-22 | 华南理工大学 | Denoising and alignment-based direct wave suppression method for ultrasonic flaw detection of steel rail |
| CN109900788A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-18 | 阜阳师范学院 | A kind of device and measurement method can be used for carrying out the sound absorption characteristics of acoustical material in-site measurement |
| CN110363767B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-04-02 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Gridding ultrasonic tomography detection method for shaft workpiece defects |
| CN113325072A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | 北京航空航天大学 | Metal plate corrosion damage depth evaluation system and method |
| CN115406383B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2024-05-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for detecting corrosion depth of top of storage tank |
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