CN107021184B - A kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method - Google Patents
A kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107021184B CN107021184B CN201710173634.0A CN201710173634A CN107021184B CN 107021184 B CN107021184 B CN 107021184B CN 201710173634 A CN201710173634 A CN 201710173634A CN 107021184 B CN107021184 B CN 107021184B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention belongs to shipbuilding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method.The present invention includes: that the waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the test area 1) planned on river surface, builds the laboratory for accommodating testing equipment and testing crew；2) Liang Tai towing cable mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, ship model is adjusted to the ballast waterline identified, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment in the other end；3) according to test conditions, towing cable mechanism ship model constant motion in tow measures spacious water resistance etc. of the ship model in hydrostatic.The self-propulsion test etc. of resistance test and ship model of the present invention suitable for ship model smooth ice formation and trash ice area can accurately measure the parameters such as drag overall, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust and torque and main engine power of the ship model in ice navigation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shipbuilding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method.
Background technique
In recent years, the trend gradual warmed up with Global Temperature, arctic surrounding area flat ice capping product with every about
The case where year 6% speed gradually decreases, very likely occurs summer in the near future without ice, polar region navigation are gone forward side by side industry of doing business
Navigation has become possibility, and south poles resource exploration recovery activity is more and more active.Meanwhile the politics of south poles, military affairs and
Biomedical interest also causes the concern of countries in the world, and incident is the increasingly exacerbation of polar region controversial issue, and multiple countries are successively
Corresponding south poles strategy is formulated, proposes that sovereignty require.Polar region problem has become to be won between ring Arctic and other poweies
The importance played chess.Since north and south the two poles of the earth have variability, the complexity of important strategic position and its ecological environment, Ren Lei
The activity of arctic regions must be by polar region ship and ocean engineering structure with property.Then, due to south poles
The attraction of many factors such as development of resources, commercial navigation, military strategy meaning, based on the relevant research of ice engineering background by generation
Various countries of boundary are more and more paid close attention to.
In ice formation Ship Resistance research field, following several method: semiempirical formula method, numerical simulation can be usually used
Method, each classification society and association of classification society's equation, theoretical analysis and ship model test method.Semiempirical formula method be each ice model tank or
Research institution's method that regression analysis obtains on the basis of ship model experiment and real ship aeronautical data, this formula method is to build
It stands on the basis of certain ship type, therefore, its application is also limited by ship type.Method of Numerical Simulation forecasts the resistance of ice formation ship
Power and certainly boat are development trends from now on, but are not only related to hydrodynamics due to ice formation Ship Resistance and from boat, are further related to
To structural mechanics and fluid structurecoupling problem, therefore, current a special software not yet can solve these problems.
The ice formation ship resistance and power prediction formula of each classification society and association of classification society are also built upon ship model experiment data and real ship
In data basis.Theoretical analysis refers to that researcher according to ship-ice interaction mechanism, carries out ship-ice interaction
Mathematical modeling, then program calculation, a large amount of work has been done by Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU) at present.Ship model test method is ice formation ship
Resistance and the method that research is all the time most widely used and approves of navigating certainly, the Freezing Model ice for being divided into ice model tank is tested and routine
The non-freezing can ice of towing basin is tested.It is domestic widely to carry out ice formation ship not yet due to being limited by experimental condition
The performance study of oceangoing ship.Therefore, ice model tank Freezing Model ice test only has external some ice model tank laboratories to carry out, and the country is extremely
The present never really carried out the self-propulsion test of ice formation ship model.And the non-freezing can ice test of conventional towing basin also because
The randomness of measurement result cannot be promoted widely.Therefore, it needs in a hurry a kind of authentic and valid and convenient for the new of operation
Test method studies the true icebreaking characteristics of ice navigation ship, provides reliable foundation to design and manufacture ice formation ship,
The defect of existing means is made up, condition proposes a kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method whereby.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind can carry out the resistance under the different speed of a ship or plane under the conditions of ship flat ice and trash ice
Test and the self-propulsion test of ship model can preferably reflect ship in the navigation performance of practical ice formation, the small, cost with risk
It is low, do not limited by traditional ice water pool size, flexible operation the advantages that, the efficiency of test and the ship of accuracy can be effectively improved
Real waters ice-breaking test method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
It is mainly comprised the steps that
1) waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the test area planned on river surface, is taken
Build the laboratory for accommodating testing equipment and testing crew.
2) Liang Tai towing cable mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, is adjusted to mark by ship model in the other end (i.e. adjustment area)
The ballast waterline known, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment.
3) according to test conditions, towing cable mechanism ship model constant motion in tow measures spacious water resistance of the ship model in hydrostatic
Power.
4) icebreaking resistance is tested under the conditions of carrying out flat ice, drag overall, ship model heave of the measurement ship model when ice-breaking is navigated by water
And the variation of the postures such as trim.
5) flat ice region is become trash ice navigation channel using band saw by testing crew, carries out ship model floating ice under the conditions of trash ice
The measurement of resistance, clear ice resistance and attitudes vibration.
6) carry out self-propulsion test of ship model under the conditions of flat ice and under the conditions of trash ice, various propulsive efficiencies of analyzing and researching
Relationship between composition and main engine power, revolving speed and ship's speed.
7) data processing, regularity summarization are carried out to the test result after measurement and completes real ship conversion.
Before the step 1) further include:
Winter season (March in December to next year) has in river section Selection experiment region by inspection information and consulting
Relevant information of the part about river winter ice thickness is closed, test area is determined after obtaining in relation to the permission of part.
After the step 1) further include:
By out of test waters the ice cube salvaged move on to trash ice accumulation area, ice, snow around cleaning test navigation channel and other
Sundries；Close to towing cable mechanism one end installation barrier and multilayer rubber tire in test waters, plays and slow down ship model navigation
And the effect for preventing ship model and surrounding ice cube from colliding；The electricity consumption of joint test equipment and way circuit control system, by ship
Mould and testing equipment are moved in test area and laboratory respectively, joint test equipment and the debugging for carrying out testing equipment.
Before the step 2) further include:
Trailer is helped to move on to ice tunnel upper end clothes, ship model moves on to Test Preparation Area, and it is each that testing equipment is arranged in ship model
Rudder and propeller is removed in a position, seals bossing.Ship model is adjusted to the ballast waterline identified using weights, it will
The flexible steel wire of towing cable mechanism is connected with the towing device on ship model.
Before the step 3) further include:
Measure the temperature and density of water in outdoor test waters respectively using low-reading thermometer and densimeter.
It is specifically included in the step 3):
The slow dragging flexible steel wire of starting towing cable mechanism 1 is exceptionally straight until hawser, passes through angle scale and reads flexible steel wire inclination
Angle.Radio control module control remote control system opens high-precision resistance dynamometer, data collector, GPS/ after ship model is stablized
Spacious water resistance, heave when the device measurings ship model navigation such as INS inertial navigator, rate-of-turn gyroscope and ship model heave sensor
And the variation of the postures such as trim.
Before the step 4) further include:
Test waters incipient stage in freezing process needs the ice thickness of measurement in each hour, when close to test requirements document
The ice thickness of measurement in every ten minutes, until icing thickness meets test requirements document.When ice thickness reaches test requirements document, takes out an ice cube and exist
Crystal structure, bubble in the ice of microscope, scale instrument, low-reading thermometer and densimeter measurement ice is utilized respectively in laboratory to contain
The physical characteristics such as amount, temperature, salinity and density.River ice is carried out slice using slicer to be then placed in insulating box, carries out guarantor
Warm measure is sent to other laboratories and is surveyed using the mechanical characteristic that three-head milling machine, lathe and three shaft multifunctional load testers carry out ice
Amount.
Include: before the step 5)
Connection and debugging test equipment carry out the measurement that the low speed of a ship or plane floats downward ice resistance, will be broken after the completion of floating ice resistance test
Trash ice in ice channel is pushed into uniformly again.
The step 5) mainly measurement ship model in trash ice ice navigation when floating ice resistance, clear ice resistance, heave and
The attitudes vibrations such as trim.
Include: before the step 6)
Rudder, propeller and axis etc. are successively added on ship model from boat facility, installation, debugging and check test equipment.Work as examination
When testing waters ice thickness arrival test thickness, carry out self-propulsion test of ship model under the conditions of smooth ice condition and trash ice respectively.
It is specifically included in the step 6):
During self-propulsion test, the control of steering engine and motor passes through remote control system respectively and is controlled.Remote control system by
Radio reception module and radio transmitting module composition.Radio transmitting module is by motor speed controlling potential device and steering engine control
The analog control voltage of potentiometer processed is converted to digital quantity by 12 analog-digital converters and is launched by wireless module.
Radio reception module will receive the packet comprising propulsion electric machine revolving speed control information and rudder angle control information, on the one hand will
Motor speed controls the control voltage that information is converted to propulsion electric machine controller needs by 12 digital analog converters, another party
Rudder angle control information is converted to the rotation control and direction controlling pulse of steering engine controller needs by face, to control motor speed
And rudder angle.Realize the dynamic from shipping of ship model.
It is specifically included in the step 7):
Ship model opens right after the completion of water resistance test, icebreaking resistance test, the self-propulsion test of trash ice resistance test and ship model
The parameters such as the drag overall of ship model, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust and torque and main engine power under the different speed of a ship or plane
Summarize and Rule Summary, test data are completed real ship using Spencer method and other methods after arranging and converted.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention suitable for resistance test of the ship model smooth ice formation and trash ice area with
And self-propulsion test of ship model etc., can accurately measure drag overall of the ship model in ice navigation, resistance component, heave, trim,
The parameters such as airscrew thrust and torque and main engine power.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that ship model internal unit arranges main view in a kind of ice-breaking test method of ship reality waters；
Fig. 2 is that ship model internal unit arranges top view in a kind of ice-breaking test method of ship reality waters；
Fig. 3 is the laboratory internal layout of equipment in a kind of ice-breaking test method of ship reality waters；
Fig. 4 is ship model open water test overall distribution figure in a kind of ice-breaking test method of ship reality waters；
Fig. 5 is trash ice resistance test overall distribution figure in a kind of ice-breaking test method of ship reality waters.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present invention relates to a kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method, the specific steps of this method include: 1) in river
The waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the test area planned on face, builds receiving testing equipment
With the laboratory of testing crew.2) Liang Tai towing cable mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, is incited somebody to action in the other end (i.e. adjustment area)
Ship model is adjusted to the ballast waterline identified, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment.3) according to test conditions, towing winch
Structure ship model constant motion in tow measures spacious water resistance of the ship model in hydrostatic.4) icebreaking resistance is tested under the conditions of carrying out flat ice,
Measure the variation of the postures such as drag overall, ship model heave and trim of the ship model when ice-breaking is navigated by water.5) testing crew utilizes annular
Flat ice region is become trash ice navigation channel by saw, carries out ship model floating ice resistance, clear ice resistance and attitudes vibration under the conditions of trash ice
Measurement.6) carry out self-propulsion test of ship model under the conditions of flat ice and under the conditions of trash ice, various propulsive efficiencies of analyzing and researching
Relationship between composition and main engine power, revolving speed and ship's speed.7) data processing, rule are carried out always to the test result after measurement
Knot and the real ship conversion of completion.The present invention suitable for resistance test of the ship model smooth ice formation and trash ice area and ship model from
Boat test etc., can accurately measure drag overall, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust of the ship model in ice navigation
With the parameters such as torque and main engine power.
Winter season (March in December to next year) has in river section Selection experiment region by inspection information and consulting
Relevant information of the part about river surface winter ice thickness is closed, test area is determined after obtaining in relation to the permission of part.It is set in test
Before standby and testing crew enters the test area of planning, the ice thickness in test area is measured again, estimates and seeks advice from
Relevant departments' river surface ice thickness can bearing test equipment and testing crew, testing crew and examination under the premise of ensuring safety
It tests equipment and enters test area.
Work of both mainly carrying out after into test area, is on the one hand: moving on to ice cube in the navigation channel of planning
Trash ice accumulation area, opens up the navigation channel that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m, ice, snow around cleaning test navigation channel and its
His sundries, and labeled as towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and towing cable mechanism 2 (50) stopping towing cable position (40) at the position 45m of navigation channel；?
It tests in waters close to towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and towing cable mechanism 2 (50) one end installation multilayer rubber tire (44) and barrier
(45), on the other hand: electrician's joint test equipment electricity consumption and way circuit control system (36) set ship model (37) and test
Back-up does not move connection and debugging test equipment in test area and laboratory (42) to.
The drag overall that ship is subject in ice navigation is divided into spacious water resistance R by ship reality waters ice-breaking test methodOW, it is floating
Ice resistance RB, clear ice resistance RCWith icebreaking resistance RBR, ship model is carried out during test respectively and opens water resistance test, smooth ice condition
Lower icebreaking resistance test and trash ice resistance test, ship model (37) are made when ice formation ice-breaking is navigated by water according to 4 tachometric survey points
For one icebreaking resistance R-V curve, the ship model four different speed of a ship or plane (V under the conditions of hydrostatic, flat ice and trash ice are measured respectively1、
V2、V3And V4) when the drag overall of ship model, the attitudes vibrations such as resistance component and its heave, trim.
Carry out ship model first and open water resistance test, helps trailer (38) to move on to the waters upper end opened up, ship model (37) clothes
Test Preparation Area (46) are moved on to, testing equipment (1)-(8), (12)-(21) are arranged in each position of ship model, using matching
Ship model (37) is adjusted to the ballast waterline identified by weight counterweight (17), by the flexible steel wire (47) and ship of towing cable mechanism 1 (41)
Mooring rope connecting element (21) on mould (37) is connected, meanwhile, utilize low-reading thermometer (25) and densimeter (27) difference measuring chamber
The temperature and density of water in outer test waters start towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and slowly drag flexible steel wire (47) directly after being measured
It is exceptionally straight to hawser, flexible steel wire tilt angle is read by angle scale (20).Pass through Radio control module after ship model is stablized
(22) high-precision resistance dynamometer (19), data collector (23), GPS/INS inertial navigator (15), rate-of-turn gyroscope (5) are opened
Resistance of the device measurings ship model (37) in hydrostatic such as sensor (6) is heaved with ship model, time interval is about 20s.Hydrostatic resistance
Power be measured after according to the anti-dragging speed for releasing towing cable mechanism 1 (41) hawser of speed of ship model running working condition before test,
Towing cable mechanism 1 (41) pulls ship model (37) movement, reaches mark point (40) and stops pulling afterwards, makes ship model (37) in barrier (45)
Under the action of slowly stop.Meanwhile test data is transmitted to reality by the wireless radio transmission module of radio reception module (16)
It tests indoor Radio control module (22) and data processing system (23) carries out data processing, find out ship model in hydrostatic
The attitudes vibrations such as spacious water resistance, heave, trim.Testing crew is by assisting trailer (38) to shift ship model (37) onto after the completion of test
Test Preparation Area (46) carries out other three speed point (V2、V3、V4) resistance measurement.In each measurement process, ship model is opened
Stage beginning hawser tilt angle should keep identical, while cleaning water surface thin ice in time, keep the water surface without ice-like state, spacious after measurement
Water resistance is respectively as follows: ROW1、ROW2、ROW3And ROW4。
Ship model (37) is opened in test waters after water resistance is measured, and ship model (37) is moved on in laboratory (42) and is checked
The operating condition and extraction test data of various equipment.Meanwhile the water surface in waters to be tested being waited to freeze, test waters is freezing
The incipient stage needs the ice thickness of measurement in each hour in the process, the ice of measurement in every ten minutes when close to test requirements document thickness
Thickness, until icing thickness meets test requirements document.When ice thickness reaches test requirements document, it is sharp respectively in laboratory (42) to take out an ice cube
With microscope (28), scale instrument (29), low-reading thermometer (25) and densimeter (27) measurement ice ice in crystal structure, bubble and
The physical characteristics such as content, temperature, salinity and the density of brine bubble.Ice is subjected to slice using slicer (31) and is then placed in constant temperature
In case (32), carries out and be sent to other laboratories after Insulation and utilize three-head milling machine, lathe and three shaft multifunctional load testers
Carry out the mechanical characteristic measurement of ice.Ship model (37) is moved on to connection and debugging in flat ice navigation channel 1 (48) and tried by other testing crews
Equipment is tested, icebreaking resistance test is prepared under the conditions of carrying out flat ice for ship model (37).
It needs to measure 4 speed points when icebreaking resistance is tested under the conditions of ship model progress flat ice, is 50m, width in length
It is tested to carry out icebreaking resistance under the conditions of flat ice twice in the waters of 10m, measures ship model (37) speed point in ice navigation
V1And V2When the attitudes vibrations such as drag overall, heave, trim.Ice-breaking test connects before starting and has debugged testing equipment, and starting is dragged
Cable mechanism 1 (41) slowly drags flexible steel wire (47) until hawser is exceptionally straight, according to the tilt angle of former angle scale (20) adjustment ship
Mould position, it is identical when tilt angle is with open water test, using Radio control module (22) by high-precision resistance dynamometer (19),
Data collector (23), rate-of-turn gyroscope (5), ship model heave sensor (6), preposition is taken the photograph GPS/INS inertial navigator (15)
Camera (18) and postposition video camera (8) are fully open, when the speed and resistance that starting towing cable mechanism 1 (41) pulls hawser are tested
Dragging speed is identical, measures the attitudes vibrations such as drag overall, heave, trim of ship model respectively, meanwhile, utilize video to observe and store
System (24) observation and storage video data.Ship model (37) is successively moved into flat ice navigation channel 2 (49) after the completion of ice-breaking test,
It reconnects ship model (37) using towing cable mechanism 2 (50) to be tested, experiment process and the complete phase in flat ice navigation channel 1 (48)
Together.Speed point V1And V2The rotation direction of towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and towing cable mechanism 2 (50) is inverted after the completion and carries out flat ice navigation channel 3
(51) V and in flat ice navigation channel 4 (52)3And V4The measurement of speed point.
Under the conditions of flat ice after the completion of icebreaking resistance test, testing crew requires to put down using band saw according to operating condition of test
Whole ice is divided into trash ice, carries out the resistance test under the conditions of trash ice.Testing equipment connection and debugging and icebreaking resistance test phase
Together, difference is to need to carry out the measurement that lowsteaming floats downward ice resistance, and testing crew is by trash ice after the completion of floating ice resistance test
Trash ice in area navigation channel 1 (53) is pushed into uniformly again.Successively carry out in broken ice channel 1 (53), broken ice channel 2 (54), broken
The speed of a ship or plane is V in ice channel 3 (55) and broken ice channel 4 (56)1、V2、V3And V4Trash ice area floating ice resistance and clear ice resistance with
And the measurement of the postures such as heave, trim.It is measured the inspection that ship model (37) is moved into and carries out testing equipment in laboratory (42)
Test the extraction with test data.
Rudder (9), propeller (10), off-axis formula are mounted on ship model from the equipment such as instrument (11) of navigating respectively in laboratory (42)
(37) on, install, debug and check other testing equipments, meanwhile, wait ice to reach test requirements document thickness.It is wanted when ice reaches test
When seeking thickness, the measurement of ice physical characteristic and mechanical characteristic is carried out respectively, the measurement process of ice before measurement process and ice-breaking test
It is identical.Secondly, ship model is moved into Test Preparation Area (46), trailer (38) are helped to complete the connection of ship model (37) by clothes, and read
Take angle scale (20) angle.The self-propulsion point that ship model (37) should be found in ship model self-propelled test first, since ship model (37) is in ice formation
Worked as flexible steel wire by the power of enforcement of the resistance of water and trash ice, the thrust of propeller (10) and flexible steel wire (47) from endurance
(47) when power of enforcement is equal to zero, the resistance that the thrust and ship model (37) of propeller (10) are subject to reaches balance, just finds at this time
Self-propulsion point, it is determined that the revolving speed of propeller (10).Therefore under the conditions of trash ice, 3 to 4 speed points, each speed point are selected
5 different propeller (10) speed tests are carried out to find out self-propulsion point.
For ship model (37) during self-propulsion test, testing crew passes through Radio control module (22) for motor (13) revolving speed
Control and steering engine (9) control information are launched, and motor speed and rudder angle are controlled.Meanwhile starting towing cable mechanism 1 (35) makes ship model
(37) it is navigated by water under the working condition requirement speed of a ship or plane, measures spiral shell from the instrument (12) that navigates by being mounted on the intracorporal off-axis formula of ship during navigation
The thrust and torque of paddle (10) are revolved, tachymeter (11) measures the revolving speed of propeller.Ship model (37) stops when reaching mark (40)
Motor (13) rotation, stops ship model (37) slowly under the action of barrier (45).After the test again by ship model (37)
It moves on to Test Preparation Area (46), while the ice in ice tunnel being pushed into uniformly, to carry out the navigation of next speed point.Self-propulsion test is complete
Propeller (10) is removed and carries out paddle shaft idle running by Cheng Hou, to measure the caused torque of stern bearing friction, carries out propeller
Torque modification.Off-test post-processing test data simultaneously draw ship model (37) self-propulsion test curve, analyze various propulsive efficiencies at
Both part, paddle and ship influencing each other and forecasting to real ship.Secondly, the trash ice in trash ice area is all pulled out, respectively
It is deposited in trash ice accumulation area (37), prepares to carry out the icebreaking resistance test under the conditions of next flat ice.
Ship reality waters ice-breaking test method to ship model open water resistance test, icebreaking resistance test and trash ice resistance test with
And under the conditions of trash ice from boat carried out detailed discussion, due to ice tunnel open up it is less, not to ship model in smooth ice condition
Under self-propulsion test be described.Self-propulsion test under the conditions of flat ice is identical with the self-propulsion test method under the conditions of trash ice, no
Same is to need to open up more ice tunnels to be tested for ship model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of ship reality waters ice-breaking test method, which comprises the following steps:
1) waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the test area planned on river surface, builds appearance
Receive the laboratory of testing equipment and testing crew；
2) Liang Tai towing cable mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, ship model is adjusted to the ballast water identified in the other end
Line, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment；
3) according to test conditions, towing cable mechanism ship model constant motion in tow measures spacious water resistance of the ship model in hydrostatic；
4) carry out flat ice under the conditions of icebreaking resistance test, measurement ship model ice-breaking navigate by water when drag overall, ship model heave and
The variation of trim；
5) flat ice region is become trash ice navigation channel using band saw by testing crew, is carried out ship model floating ice under the conditions of trash ice and is hindered
The measurement of power, clear ice resistance and attitudes vibration；
6) carry out self-propulsion test of ship model under the conditions of flat ice and under the conditions of trash ice, various propulsive efficiency compositions of analyzing and researching
And the relationship between main engine power, revolving speed and ship's speed；
7) data processing, regularity summarization are carried out to the test result after measurement and completes real ship conversion.
2. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: the step 1) is also wrapped
It includes:
The ice cube salvaged out of test waters is moved on into trash ice accumulation area, ice, snow and other sundries around cleaning test navigation channel；
Close to towing cable mechanism one end installation barrier and multilayer rubber tire in test waters；Joint test equipment electricity consumption and total
Circuit control system moves ship model and testing equipment in test area and laboratory to respectively, and joint test equipment simultaneously carries out
The debugging of testing equipment.
3. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: gone back in the step 2)
Include:
Auxiliary trailer is moved on to ice tunnel upper end, ship model moves on to Test Preparation Area, and testing equipment is arranged in each position of ship model
It sets, removes rudder and propeller, seal bossing；Ship model is adjusted to the ballast waterline identified using weights, by towing cable
The flexible steel wire of mechanism is connected with the towing device on ship model.
4. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: gone back in the step 3)
Include:
Measure the temperature and density of water in outdoor test waters respectively using low-reading thermometer and densimeter；It is slow to start towing cable mechanism
Slow dragging flexible steel wire is exceptionally straight until hawser, reads flexible steel wire tilt angle by angle scale；The radio after ship model is stablized
Control module controls remote control system and opens high-precision resistance dynamometer, data collector, GPS/INS inertial navigator, angular velocity gyro
Spacious water resistance, heave and the variation of trim when instrument and ship model heave sensor measurement ship model navigation.
5. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: gone back in the step 4)
Include:
Test waters incipient stage in freezing process needs the ice thickness of measurement in each hour, every ten when close to test requirements document
Ice thickness of minute measurement, until icing thickness meets test requirements document；When ice thickness reaches test requirements document, takes out an ice cube and testing
Interior is utilized respectively crystal structure, air bubble content, temperature in the ice of microscope, scale instrument, low-reading thermometer and densimeter measurement ice
Degree, salinity and density；River ice is carried out slice using slicer to be then placed in insulating box, Insulation is carried out and is sent to other realities
Room is tested to measure using the mechanical characteristic that three-head milling machine, lathe and three shaft multifunctional load testers carry out ice.
6. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: wrapped in the step 5)
It includes:
Connection and debugging test equipment carry out the measurement that the low speed of a ship or plane floats downward ice resistance, and floating ice resistance test is after the completion by trash ice area
Trash ice in navigation channel is pushed into uniformly again；Measure floating ice resistance of the ship model in trash ice ice navigation, clear ice resistance, heave and
The attitudes vibration of trim.
7. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: wrapped in the step 6)
It includes:
Rudder, propeller and axis, installation, debugging and check test equipment are successively added on ship model；When test waters ice thickness reaches
When testing thickness, carry out self-propulsion test of ship model under the conditions of smooth ice condition and trash ice respectively；
During self-propulsion test, the control of steering engine and motor passes through remote control system respectively and is controlled；Remote control system is by wireless
Electric receiving module and radio transmitting module composition；Motor speed controlling potential device and steering engine are controlled electricity by radio transmitting module
The analog control voltage of position device is converted to digital quantity by 12 analog-digital converters and is launched by wireless module；Wirelessly
Electric receiving module will receive the packet comprising propulsion electric machine revolving speed control information and rudder angle control information, on the one hand by motor
Revolving speed controls the control voltage that information is converted to propulsion electric machine controller needs by 12 analog-digital converters, on the other hand will
Rudder angle control information is converted to the rotation control and direction controlling pulse of steering engine controller needs, to control motor speed and rudder
Angle；Realize the dynamic from shipping of ship model.
8. a kind of ship reality waters according to claim 1 ice-breaking test method, it is characterised in that: wrapped in the step 7)
Include: ship model opens water resistance test, icebreaking resistance test, trash ice resistance test and ship model self-propelled test after the completion to the different speed of a ship or plane
Drag overall, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust and the torque and main engine power of lower ship model are summarized and are summarized
Rule, test data are completed real ship using Spencer method after arranging and are converted.
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| CN106197945B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-10-19 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | A kind of straight hair sound experimental rig of large scale Propeller Model |
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