CN107021184A - A kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship - Google Patents
A kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN107021184A CN107021184A CN201710173634.0A CN201710173634A CN107021184A CN 107021184 A CN107021184 A CN 107021184A CN 201710173634 A CN201710173634 A CN 201710173634A CN 107021184 A CN107021184 A CN 107021184A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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Abstract
The invention belongs to shipbuilding technical field, and in particular to a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship.The present invention includes：1) waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the pilot region planned on river surface, the laboratory for accommodating testing equipment and testing crew is built；2) Liang Tai towing cables mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, the ballast waterline for being adjusted to identify by ship model in the other end, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment；3) required according to operating condition of test, towing cable mechanism ship model constant motion in tow, the spacious water resistance of measurement ship model in hydrostatic etc..Self-propulsion test of resistance test and ship model of the invention suitable for ship model smooth ice formation and trash ice area etc., can accurately measure the parameters such as drag overall, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust and moment of torsion and main engine power of the ship model in ice navigation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shipbuilding technical field, and in particular to a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship.
Background technology
In recent years, the trend gradual warmed up with Global Temperature, the flat ice capping product of arctic surrounding area with every about
Year 6% speed is gradually decreased, and very likely occurs situation of the summer without ice in the near future, and polar region navigation is gone forward side by side industry of doing business
Navigation has become possibility, and south poles resource exploration recovery activity is more and more active.Meanwhile, the politics of south poles, it is military and
Biomedical interest also causes the concern of countries in the world, and incident is the increasingly exacerbation of polar region controversial issue, and multiple countries are successively
Corresponding south poles strategy is formulated, proposes that sovereignty are required.Polar region problem has become and won between ring Arctic and other poweies
The importance played chess.Because north and south two has important strategic position and polytropy, the complexity of its ecological environment, Ren Lei
The activity of arctic regions must rely on polar region ship and ocean engineering structure with property.Then, due to south poles
The attraction of many factors such as development of resources, commercial navigation, military strategy meaning, based on the related research of ice engineering background by generation
Various countries of boundary are more and more paid close attention to.
In ice formation Ship Resistance research field, following several method can be generally used：Semiempirical formula method, numerical simulation
Method, each classification society and association of classification society's equation, theoretical analysis and ship model test method.Semiempirical formula method be each ice model tank or
Research institution's method that regression analysis is obtained on the basis of ship model experiment and real ship aeronautical data, this formula method is to build
Stand on the basis of certain ship type, therefore, its application is also limited by ship type.Method of Numerical Simulation forecast ice formation ship resistance
Power and oneself boat are development trends from now on, but are due to ice formation Ship Resistance and are not only related to hydrodynamics from boat, are further related to
To structural mechanics and fluid structurecoupling problem, therefore, currently also these problems are can solve without a special software.
The ice formation ship resistance and power prediction formula of each classification society and association of classification society are also built upon ship model experiment data and real ship
In data basis.Theoretical analysis refer to that researcher, according to ship-ice interaction mechanism, is carried out to ship-ice interaction
Mathematical modeling, then program calculation, current Norwegian University of Science ＆ Technology (NTNU) has done substantial amounts of work.Ship model test method is ice formation ship
Resistance and the method that research is all the time most widely used and approves from navigating, are divided into the experiment of Freezing Model ice and the routine of ice model tank
The non-freezing can ice experiment of towing basin.It is domestic also without widely development ice formation ship due to being limited by experimental condition
The performance study of oceangoing ship.Therefore, ice model tank Freezing Model ice experiment only has some external ice model tank laboratories to carry out, and the country is extremely
The present never really carried out the self-propulsion test of ice formation ship model.And the non-freezing can ice experiment of conventional towing basin also because
The randomness of measurement result can not be promoted widely.Therefore, need in a hurry a kind of authentic and valid and be easy to the new of operation
Test method studies the true icebreaking characteristics of ice navigation ship, to design and manufacturing ice formation ship provides reliable foundation,
The defect of existing means is made up, condition proposes a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship whereby.
The content of the invention
It can carry out the resistance under the different speed of a ship or plane under the conditions of ship flat ice and trash ice it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Experiment and the self-propulsion test of ship model, can preferably reflect navigation performance of the ship in actual ice formation, with risk is small, cost
It is low, the advantages of do not limited by traditional frozen water pool size, operate flexible, the efficiency of experiment and the ship of accuracy can be effectively improved
Real waters ice-breaking test method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
It is mainly included the following steps that：
1) waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the pilot region planned on river surface, is taken
Build the laboratory for accommodating testing equipment and testing crew.
2) Liang Tai towing cables mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, ship model is adjusted to mark in the other end (adjusting area)
The ballast waterline known, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment.
3) required according to operating condition of test, towing cable mechanism ship model constant motion in tow, spacious water resistance of the measurement ship model in hydrostatic
Power.
4) icebreaking resistance is tested under the conditions of carrying out flat ice, drag overall, ship model heave of the measurement ship model when opening ice navigation
And the change of the posture such as trim.
5) flat ice region is changed into trash ice navigation channel by testing crew using band saw, carries out ship model floating ice under the conditions of trash ice
The measurement of resistance, clear ice resistance and attitudes vibration.
6) self-propulsion test of the ship model under the conditions of flat ice and under the conditions of trash ice is carried out, various propulsive efficiencies of analyzing and researching
Relation between composition and main engine power, rotating speed and ship's speed.
7) data processing, regularity summarization are carried out to the result of the test after measurement and real ship is completed converting.
In the step 1) also include before：
Winter season (March in December to next year) has in river section Selection experiment region by inspection information and consulting
Relevant information of the part on river winter ice thickness is closed, pilot region is determined after the permission about part is obtained.
In the step 1) also include afterwards：
By the ice moved on to from the ice cube salvaged in experiment waters around trash ice accumulation area, cleaning experiment navigation channel, snow and other
Debris；Barrier and multilayer rubber tire are installed close to towing cable mechanism one end in experiment waters, plays and slows down ship model navigation
And the effect for preventing ship model from being collided with surrounding ice cube；The electricity consumption of joint test equipment and way circuit control system, by ship
Mould and testing equipment are moved in pilot region and laboratory respectively, joint test equipment and the debugging for carrying out testing equipment.
In the step 2) also include before：
Trailer is helped to move on to ice tunnel upper end clothes, ship model moves on to Test Preparation Area, it is each that testing equipment is arranged in into ship model
Individual position, removes rudder and propeller, seals bossing.The ballast waterline for being adjusted to identify by ship model using weights, will
The flexible steel wire of towing cable mechanism is connected with the towing device on ship model.
In the step 3) also include before：
Measure the temperature and density of water in outdoor test waters respectively using low-reading thermometer and Density Measuring Instrument.
In the step 3) specifically include：
Starting towing cable mechanism 1, slowly dragging flexible steel wire is until hawser is exceptionally straight, and reading flexible steel wire by angle scale tilts
Angle.Radio control module control remote control system opens high-precision resistance dynamometer, data acquisition unit, GPS/ after ship model is stable
Spacious water resistance, heave during the device measuring ship model navigation such as INS inertial navigators, rate-of-turn gyroscope and ship model heave sensor
And the change of the posture such as trim.
In the step 4) also include before：
Experiment waters incipient stage in freezing process needs the ice thickness of measurement in each hour, close to during test requirements document
The ice thickness of measurement in every ten minutes, until icing thickness meets test requirements document.When ice thickness reaches test requirements document, take out an ice cube and exist
Crystal structure, bubble in the ice of microscope, scale instrument, low-reading thermometer and Density Measuring Instrument measurement ice is utilized respectively in laboratory to contain
The physical characteristics such as amount, temperature, salinity and density.Ice progress section in river is then placed in insulating box using slicer, guarantor is carried out
The mechanical characteristic survey that other laboratories carry out ice using three-head milling machine, lathe and three shaft multifunctional load testers is sent in warm measure
Amount.
In the step 5) include before：
Connection and debugging test equipment, the low speed of a ship or plane of progress will be broken after the completion of floating downward the measurement of ice resistance, floating ice resistance test
Trash ice in ice channel is pushed into uniformly again.
In the step 5) floating ice resistance of the main measurement ship model in trash ice ice navigation, clear ice resistance, heave and
The attitudes vibrations such as trim.
In the step 6) include before：
Successively plus rudder, propeller and axle etc. from boat facility on ship model, install, debug and check test equipment.Work as examination
When testing waters ice thickness arrival experiment thickness, carry out self-propulsion test of the ship model under the conditions of smooth ice condition and trash ice respectively.
In the step 6) specifically include：
During self-propulsion test, the control of steering wheel and motor is controlled by remote control system respectively.Remote control system by
Radio reception module and radio transmitter module composition.Radio transmitter module is by motor speed controlling potential device and steering wheel control
The analog control voltage of potentiometer processed is converted to digital quantity by the analog-digital converter of 12 and launched by wireless module.
Radio reception module will receive the packet comprising propulsion electric machine rotating speed control information and rudder angle control information, on the one hand will
Motor speed control information is converted to the control voltage that propulsion electric machine controller needs, the opposing party by the digital analog converter of 12
Face is converted to rudder angle control information the rotation control and direction controlling pulse of steering engine controller needs, so that controlled motor rotating speed
And rudder angle.Realize the dynamic from shipping of ship model.
In the step 7) specifically include：
Ship model opens right after the completion of water resistance experiment, icebreaking resistance experiment, the self-propulsion test of trash ice resistance test and ship model
The parameter such as the drag overall of ship model, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust and moment of torsion and main engine power under the different speed of a ship or plane
Progress collects and Rule Summary, and test data completes real ship conversion after arranging using Spencer methods and other method.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention suitable for resistance test of the ship model smooth ice formation and trash ice area with
And the self-propulsion test of ship model etc., can accurately measure drag overall of the ship model in ice navigation, resistance component, heave, trim,
The parameter such as airscrew thrust and moment of torsion and main engine power.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ship model internal unit arrangement front view in a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship；
Fig. 2 is ship model internal unit arrangement top view in a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship；
Fig. 3 is the laboratory internal layout of equipment in a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship；
Fig. 4 is ship model open water test overall distribution figure in a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship；
Fig. 5 is trash ice resistance test overall distribution figure in a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention relates to a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship, the specific steps of this method include：1) in river
The waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the pilot region planned on face, receiving testing equipment is built
With the laboratory of testing crew.2) Liang Tai towing cables mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, will in the other end (adjusting area)
Ship model is adjusted to the ballast waterline identified, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment.3) required according to operating condition of test, towing winch
Structure ship model constant motion in tow, spacious water resistance of the measurement ship model in hydrostatic.4) icebreaking resistance is tested under the conditions of carrying out flat ice,
The change of the postures such as drag overall, ship model heave and trim of the measurement ship model when opening ice navigation.5) testing crew utilizes annular
Flat ice region is changed into trash ice navigation channel by saw, carries out ship model floating ice resistance, clear ice resistance and attitudes vibration under the conditions of trash ice
Measurement.6) self-propulsion test of the ship model under the conditions of flat ice and under the conditions of trash ice is carried out, various propulsive efficiencies of analyzing and researching
Relation between composition and main engine power, rotating speed and ship's speed.7) it is total to the result of the test progress data processing after measurement, rule
Knot and the real ship conversion of completion.The present invention suitable for resistance test of the ship model smooth ice formation and trash ice area and ship model oneself
Boat experiment etc., can accurately measure drag overall of the ship model in ice navigation, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust
With the parameter such as moment of torsion and main engine power.
Winter season (March in December to next year) has in river section Selection experiment region by inspection information and consulting
Relevant information of the part on river surface winter ice thickness is closed, pilot region is determined after the permission about part is obtained.Set in experiment
Standby and testing crew enters before the pilot region of planning, and the ice thickness in pilot region is measured again, estimates and seeks advice from
Can relevant departments' river surface ice thickness bearing test equipment and testing crew, testing crew and examination on the premise of safety is ensured
Test equipment and enter pilot region.
Main both sides of carrying out works after into pilot region, is on the one hand：Ice cube is moved on in the navigation channel of planning
Trash ice accumulation area, opens up the ice around the navigation channel that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m, cleaning experiment navigation channel, avenges and it
His debris, and labeled as towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and towing cable mechanism 2 (50) stopping towing cable position (40) at the 45m positions of navigation channel；
Test in waters close to towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and towing cable mechanism 2 (50) one end installation multilayer rubber tire (44) and barrier
(45), on the other hand：Electrician's joint test equipment electricity consumption and way circuit control system (36), ship model (37) and experiment are set
Back-up does not move connection and debugging test equipment in pilot region and laboratory (42) to.
The drag overall that ship is subject in ice navigation is divided into spacious water resistance R by ship reality waters ice-breaking test methodOW, it is floating
Ice resistance RB, clear ice resistance RCWith icebreaking resistance RBR, ship model is carried out in process of the test respectively and opens water resistance experiment, smooth ice condition
Lower icebreaking resistance experiment and trash ice resistance test, ship model (37) opens ice in ice formation to be made when navigating by water according to 4 tachometric survey points
Exemplified by one icebreaking resistance R-V curve, the ship model four different speed of a ship or plane (V under the conditions of hydrostatic, flat ice and trash ice are measured respectively1、
V2、V3And V4) when the drag overall of ship model, the attitudes vibration such as resistance component and its heave, trim.
Carry out ship model first and open water resistance experiment, help trailer (38) to move on to the waters upper end opened up, ship model (37) clothes
Move on to Test Preparation Area (46), testing equipment (1)-(8), (12)-(21) be arranged in each position of ship model, using with
The ballast waterline that ship model (37) is adjusted to identify by weight counterweight (17), by the flexible steel wire (47) and ship of towing cable mechanism 1 (41)
Mooring rope connecting element (21) on mould (37) is connected, meanwhile, utilize low-reading thermometer (25) and Density Measuring Instrument (27) difference measuring chamber
The temperature and density of water in outer experiment waters, start towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and slowly drag flexible steel wire (47) directly after being measured
It is exceptionally straight to hawser, flexible steel wire angle of inclination is read by angle scale (20).Pass through Radio control module after ship model is stable
(22) high-precision resistance dynamometer (19), data acquisition unit (23), GPS/INS inertial navigators (15), rate-of-turn gyroscope (5) are opened
The resistances of the device measuring ship model (37) in hydrostatic such as sensor (6) are heaved with ship model, time interval is about 20s.Hydrostatic hinders
Power be measured after according to the anti-dragging speed for releasing towing cable mechanism 1 (41) hawser of speed of ship model running working condition before experiment,
Towing cable mechanism 1 (41) pulls ship model (37) motion, reaches mark point (40) and stops pulling afterwards, makes ship model (37) in barrier (45)
In the presence of slowly stop.Meanwhile, test data is sent to reality by the wireless radio transmission module of radio reception module (16)
The Radio control module (22) and data handling system (23) for testing interior carry out data processing, obtain ship model in hydrostatic
The attitudes vibrations such as spacious water resistance, heave, trim.Testing crew is by aiding in trailer (38) to shift ship model (37) onto after the completion of experiment
Test Preparation Area (46), carries out other three speed point (V2、V3、V4) resistance measurement.In each measurement process, ship model is opened
Stage beginning hawser angle of inclination should keep identical, while cleaning water surface thin ice in time, keep the water surface without ice-like state, it is spacious after measurement
Water resistance is respectively：ROW1、ROW2、ROW3And ROW4。
Ship model (37) is opened in experiment waters after water resistance is measured, and ship model (37) is moved on into inspection in laboratory (42)
The running situation and extraction test data of various equipment.Meanwhile, wait the water surface in waters to be tested to freeze, experiment waters is freezing
During the incipient stage need each hour measurement ice thickness, when close to test requirements document thickness every ten minutes measurement ice
Thickness, until icing thickness meets test requirements document.When ice thickness reaches test requirements document, an ice cube is taken out sharp respectively in laboratory (42)
With microscope (28), scale instrument (29), low-reading thermometer (25) and Density Measuring Instrument (27) measure ice ice in crystal structure, bubble and
The physical characteristics such as content, temperature, salinity and the density of bittern bubble.Ice progress section is then placed in constant temperature using slicer (31)
In case (32), carry out and other laboratories are sent to after Insulation utilize three-head milling machine, lathe and three shaft multifunctional load testers
Carry out the mechanical characteristic measurement of ice.Ship model (37) is moved on to connection and debugging in flat ice navigation channel 1 (48) and tried by other testing crews
Equipment is tested, is that icebreaking resistance experiment is prepared under the conditions of ship model (37) carries out flat ice.
Need to measure 4 speed points when icebreaking resistance is tested under the conditions of ship model progress flat ice, be 50m, width in length
Tested to carry out icebreaking resistance under the conditions of flat ice twice in 10m waters, measure ship model (37) speed point in ice navigation
V1And V2When the attitudes vibration such as drag overall, heave, trim.Ice-breaking test is connected before starting and has debugged testing equipment, and startup is dragged
Cable mechanism 1 (41) slowly drags flexible steel wire (47) until hawser is exceptionally straight, and ship is adjusted according to the angle of inclination of former angle scale (20)
Mould position, it is identical when angle of inclination is with open water test, using Radio control module (22) by high-precision resistance dynamometer (19),
Data acquisition unit (23), GPS/INS inertial navigators (15), rate-of-turn gyroscope (5), ship model heave sensor (6), preposition take the photograph
Camera (18) and rearmounted video camera (8) are fully open, when startup towing cable mechanism 1 (41) makes the speed that hawser is pulled with resistance experiment
Dragging speed is identical, and the attitudes vibrations such as drag overall, heave, trim of ship model are measured respectively, meanwhile, utilize video to observe and store
System (24) is observed and storage video data.Ship model (37) is moved into flat ice navigation channel 2 (49) successively after the completion of ice-breaking test,
Ship model (37) is reconnected using towing cable mechanism 2 (50) to be tested, experiment process and the complete phase in flat ice navigation channel 1 (48)
Together.Speed point V1And V2After the completion of the reversion of the rotation direction of towing cable mechanism 1 (41) and towing cable mechanism 2 (50) is subjected to flat ice navigation channel 3
(51) V and in flat ice navigation channel 4 (52)3And V4The measurement of speed point.
Under the conditions of flat ice after the completion of icebreaking resistance experiment, testing crew is required according to operating condition of test will be flat using band saw
Whole ice is divided into trash ice, carries out the resistance test under the conditions of trash ice.Testing equipment is connected and debugging and icebreaking resistance experiment phase
Together, difference is to need to carry out lowsteaming to float downward after the completion of the measurement of ice resistance, floating ice resistance test testing crew by trash ice
Trash ice in area navigation channel 1 (53) is pushed into uniformly again.Carry out successively in broken ice channel 1 (53), broken ice channel 2 (54), broken
The speed of a ship or plane is V in ice channel 3 (55) and broken ice channel 4 (56)1、V2、V3And V4Trash ice area floating ice resistance and clear ice resistance with
And the measurement of the posture such as heave, trim.It is measured the inspection for ship model (37) being moved into testing equipment being carried out in laboratory (42)
Test the extraction with test data.
Rudder (9), propeller (10), off-axis formula are arranged on ship model from the equipment such as instrument (11) of navigating respectively in laboratory (42)
(37) other testing equipments on, are installed, debug and check, meanwhile, wait ice to reach test requirements document thickness.When ice reaches that experiment will
When seeking thickness, the measurement process of ice before the measurement of ice physical characteristic and mechanical characteristic, measurement process and ice-breaking test is carried out respectively
It is identical.Secondly, ship model is moved into Test Preparation Area (46), helps trailer (38) to complete the connection of ship model (37) by clothes, and read
Take angle scale (20) angle.The self-propulsion point of ship model (37) should be found in ship model self-propelled test first, because ship model (37) is in ice formation
From endurance, the thrust of resistance, propeller (10) by water and trash ice and the power of enforcement of flexible steel wire (47) work as flexible steel wire
(47) when power of enforcement is equal to zero, the resistance that the thrust and ship model (37) of propeller (10) are subject to reaches balance, now just finds
Self-propulsion point, it is determined that the rotating speed of propeller (10).Therefore under the conditions of trash ice, 3 to 4 speed points, each speed point are selected
5 different propeller (10) speed tests are carried out to find out self-propulsion point.
Ship model (37) is during self-propulsion test, and testing crew is by Radio control module (22) by motor (13) rotating speed
Control and steering wheel (9) control information are launched, controlled motor rotating speed and rudder angle.Meanwhile, starting towing cable mechanism 1 (35) makes ship model
(37) navigated by water under the working condition requirement speed of a ship or plane, spiral shell is measured from the instrument (12) that navigates by the off-axis formula in hull during navigation
Thrust and the torque of oar (10) are revolved, tachymeter (11) measures the rotating speed of propeller.Ship model (37) stops when reaching mark (40)
Motor (13) rotates, and ship model (37) is slowly stopped in the presence of barrier (45).After off-test by ship model (37) again
Test Preparation Area (46) is moved on to, while the ice in ice tunnel is pushed into uniformly to carry out the navigation of next speed point.Self-propulsion test is complete
Cheng Hou, progress oar axle idle running is removed by propeller (10), to measure the torque that stern bearing friction is caused, carries out propeller
Torque modification.Off-test post processing test data simultaneously draws ship model (37) self-propulsion test curve, analyze various propulsive efficiencies into
Part, both oar and ship influencing each other and real ship forecast.Secondly, the trash ice in trash ice area is all pulled out, respectively
It is deposited in trash ice accumulation area (37), is prepared to carry out the icebreaking resistance experiment under the conditions of next flat ice.
Ship reality waters ice-breaking test method to ship model open water resistance experiment, icebreaking resistance experiment and trash ice resistance test with
And under the conditions of trash ice from boat carried out detailed discussion, due to ice tunnel open up it is less, not to ship model in smooth ice condition
Under self-propulsion test be described.Self-propulsion test under the conditions of flat ice is identical with the self-propulsion test method under the conditions of trash ice, no
Be to need to open up more ice tunnels to be tested for ship model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) waters that two length and widths are respectively 50m and 10m is hewed out in the pilot region planned on river surface, appearance is built
Receive the laboratory of testing equipment and testing crew；
2) Liang Tai towing cables mechanism is separately fixed to one end of ice tunnel, the ballast water for being adjusted to identify by ship model in the other end
Line, arrangement, connection and debugging test equipment；
3) required according to operating condition of test, towing cable mechanism ship model constant motion in tow, spacious water resistance of the measurement ship model in hydrostatic；
4) carry out flat ice under the conditions of icebreaking resistance test, measurement ship model open ice navigation when drag overall, ship model heave and
The change of the postures such as trim；
5) flat ice region is changed into trash ice navigation channel by testing crew using band saw, is carried out ship model floating ice under the conditions of trash ice and is hindered
The measurement of power, clear ice resistance and attitudes vibration；
6) self-propulsion test of the ship model under the conditions of flat ice and under the conditions of trash ice is carried out, various propulsive efficiency compositions of analyzing and researching
And the relation between main engine power, rotating speed and ship's speed；
7) data processing, regularity summarization are carried out to the result of the test after measurement and real ship is completed converting.
2. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1) also wrap
Include：
Ice, snow and other debris that the ice cube salvaged out of experiment waters is moved on to around trash ice accumulation area, cleaning experiment navigation channel；
Barrier and multilayer rubber tire are installed close to towing cable mechanism one end in experiment waters；Joint test equipment electricity consumption and total
Circuit control system, ship model and testing equipment are moved in pilot region and laboratory respectively, and joint test equipment is simultaneously carried out
The debugging of testing equipment.
3. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2) also
Including：
Help trailer to move on to ice tunnel upper end clothes, ship model moves on to Test Preparation Area, testing equipment is arranged in each position of ship model
Put, remove rudder and propeller, seal bossing；The ballast waterline for being adjusted to identify by ship model using weights, by towing cable
The flexible steel wire of mechanism is connected with the towing device on ship model.
4. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 3) also
Including：
Measure the temperature and density of water in outdoor test waters respectively using low-reading thermometer and Density Measuring Instrument；Start towing cable mechanism to delay
Slow dragging flexible steel wire is exceptionally straight until hawser, and flexible steel wire angle of inclination is read by angle scale；The radio after ship model is stable
Control module control remote control system opens high-precision resistance dynamometer, data acquisition unit, GPS/INS inertial navigators, angular velocity gyro
The change of the postures such as spacious water resistance, heave and trim during the device measuring ship model navigation such as instrument and ship model heave sensor.
5. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 4) also
Including：
Experiment waters incipient stage in freezing process needs the ice thickness of measurement in each hour, close to during test requirements document every ten
Ice thickness of minute measurement, until icing thickness meets test requirements document；When ice thickness reaches test requirements document, an ice cube is taken out in experiment
Interior is utilized respectively crystal structure, air bubble content, temperature in the ice of microscope, scale instrument, low-reading thermometer and Density Measuring Instrument measurement ice
The physical characteristics such as degree, salinity and density；Ice progress section in river is then placed in insulating box using slicer, Insulation is carried out
It is sent to the mechanical characteristic measurement that other laboratories carry out ice using three-head milling machine, lathe and three shaft multifunctional load testers.
6. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 5) bag
Include：
Connection and debugging test equipment, are carried out trash ice area after the completion of the measurement that the low speed of a ship or plane floats downward ice resistance, floating ice resistance test
Trash ice in navigation channel is pushed into uniformly again；Measure floating ice resistance of the ship model in trash ice ice navigation, clear ice resistance, heave and
The attitudes vibration of trim.
7. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 6) bag
Include：
Successively plus rudder, propeller and axle etc. from boat facility on ship model, install, debug and check test equipment；When experiment water
When domain ice thickness reaches experiment thickness, carry out self-propulsion test of the ship model under the conditions of smooth ice condition and trash ice respectively；
During self-propulsion test, the control of steering wheel and motor is controlled by remote control system respectively；Remote control system is by wireless
Electric receiving module and radio transmitter module composition；Radio transmitter module is electric by motor speed controlling potential device and servos control
The analog control voltage of position device is converted to digital quantity by the analog-digital converter of 12 and launched by wireless module；Wirelessly
Electric receiving module will receive the packet comprising propulsion electric machine rotating speed control information and rudder angle control information, on the one hand by motor
Rotating speed control information is converted to the control voltage that propulsion electric machine controller needs by the digital analog converter of 12, on the other hand will
Rudder angle control information is converted to the rotation control and direction controlling pulse of steering engine controller needs, so that controlled motor rotating speed and rudder
Angle；Realize the dynamic from shipping of ship model.
8. a kind of real waters ice-breaking test method of ship according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 7) bag
Include：To the different speed of a ship or plane after the completion of the spacious water resistance experiment of ship model, icebreaking resistance experiment, trash ice resistance test and ship model self-propelled test
The parameters such as drag overall, resistance component, heave, trim, airscrew thrust and the moment of torsion and main engine power of lower ship model are collected
And Rule Summary, complete real ship conversion using Spencer methods after test data arrangement.
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