CN107017467A - The method of adjustment and device of a kind of smart antenna - Google Patents
The method of adjustment and device of a kind of smart antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN107017467A CN107017467A CN201610055721.1A CN201610055721A CN107017467A CN 107017467 A CN107017467 A CN 107017467A CN 201610055721 A CN201610055721 A CN 201610055721A CN 107017467 A CN107017467 A CN 107017467A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of method of adjustment of smart antenna, methods described includes：The antenna for obtaining the smart antenna of actual measurement hangs high and antenna tilt；Determine that the antenna hangs the corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of high and described antenna tilt；The optimal broadcast beam weight is used to ensure that the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of the smart antenna in the case where the antenna hangs high and antenna tilt scene reaches network coverage requirement；The current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam weight.The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of adjusting apparatus of smart antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for adjustment and device of antenna technology, more particularly to a kind of smart antenna.
Background technology
In order to realize the optimization of network quality, it is necessary to enter to its used antenna for base station in GSM
Row Reasonable adjustment, makes the beam position in its vertical direction do appropriate inclination abbreviation downwards bevel beam.Tradition is realized
The scheme of downwards bevel beam mainly has preset electrical down-tilting+mechanical tilt or only electrical down-tilting.
Electrical down-tilting scheme is by adding road phase shifter behind every passage of smart antenna, changing using phase shifter
Become the phase of signal on each passage of antenna to realize downwards bevel beam, be not in above-mentioned aberration problems, but
It is that intelligent antenna channel number is more, phase shifter is more, double frequency autonomous intelligence antenna needs two sets of phase shifter networks, whole
Body structure bulky, complicated, price is higher；And influenceed by phase shifter precision, the angle modulation scope of electrical down-tilting compared with
It is small.And in preset electrical down-tilting+mechanical tilt scheme, electrical down-tilting is preset, phase shifter has been fixed, and is not required to
Angle modulation is carried out with phase shifter, and double frequency autonomous intelligence antenna only needs to a set of phase shifter network, overall structure is light；
Operating personnel only need to adjust mechanical tilt by modes such as mechanical pull bars to realize downwards bevel beam, but if
Mechanical tilt angle is too big, and the wave beam of antenna in the horizontal plane can be caused to distort, and influences network coverage model
Enclose, it is impossible to reach network coverage requirement.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention is expected to provide the method for adjustment and device of a kind of smart antenna, can be with
The broadcast beam horizontal directivity pattern distortion that mechanical tilt angled down is caused greatly very much is corrected, makes the broadcast wave of smart antenna
Beam horizontal radiation pattern reaches network coverage requirement.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of method of adjustment of smart antenna, methods described includes：
The antenna for obtaining the smart antenna of actual measurement hangs high and antenna tilt；
Determine that the antenna hangs the corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of high and described antenna tilt；It is described optimal
Broadcast beam weight is used for the broadcast for ensureing the smart antenna in the case where the antenna hangs high and antenna tilt scene
Wave beam horizontal radiation pattern reaches network coverage requirement；
The current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam weight.
In such scheme, determine that the antenna hangs the corresponding optimal broadcast of high and described antenna tilt described
Before wave beam weight, methods described also includes：
Obtain the adjustable antenna of the smart antenna and hang high scope and antenna tilt scope；
Hung from the antenna and L extension high level is chosen in high scope, be designated as Mj, j values are 1 to L；From institute
K angle of selection in the range of antenna tilt is stated, Ni is designated as, i values are 1 to K；The L and K are
Integer more than 1；
It is Ni in the angle of antenna tilt, antenna, which is hung, generates and store corresponding wide when high extension high level is Mj
Broadcast wave beam weight Wij；The broadcast beam weight Wij is used to ensure that the angle in antenna tilt is Ni, day
The broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern that line hangs smart antenna when high extension high level is Mj reaches the network coverage
It is required that.
In such scheme, the angle in antenna tilt is Ni, and antenna is hung when high extension high level is Mj and given birth to
Into and store corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij, including：
Simulation acquisition is Ni in the angle of antenna tilt, and antenna is hung under the scene that high extension high level is Mj, institute
Smart antenna is stated using broadcast directional diagram during current broadcast beam weight；
When the broadcast directional diagram simulated is distortion, optimize the broadcast for correcting distortion using broadcast beam weight
Directional diagram, obtains and stores the broadcast beam weight for making the broadcast directional diagram of distortion reach network coverage requirement
Wij。
It is described to obtain the high optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt of antenna extension in such scheme,
Including：
The angle Ni minimum with the antenna tilt difference is obtained, and high difference minimum is hung with the antenna
Hang high level Mj；
Search and obtain the corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij of the Ni and Mj, and then obtain the antenna
Hang high optimal broadcast beam weight Wij corresponding with antenna tilt.
It is described to determine that the antenna hangs the corresponding optimal broadcast wave of high and described antenna tilt in such scheme
Beam weight, including：
The broadcast beam horizontal plane side that height determines the smart antenna is hung according to the antenna tilt and antenna
When being distorted to figure, search and obtain the high optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt of antenna extension.
In such scheme, described hung from the antenna chooses L extension high level in high scope, be designated as Mj, j takes
It is worth and arrives L for 1；K angle is chosen in the range of the antenna tilt, Ni is designated as, i values are 1 to K,
Including：
Hung according to the first rule from the antenna and L extension high level is chosen in high scope, wherein first rule
Including：According to M1 ..., ML's puts in order, the current adjacent difference Mj+2-Mj+1 hung between high level
Relation between the previous adjacent difference Mj+1-Mj hung between high level includes：Mj+2-Mj+1 Mj+1-Mj,
Or Mj+2-Mj+1 Mj+1-Mj；
K angle is chosen in the range of the antenna tilt according to Second Rule；Wherein described Second Rule bag
Include：According to N1 ..., NK's puts in order, the difference Ni+2-Ni+1 between current adjacent angular with
The relation between difference Ni+1-Ni between previous adjacent angular includes：Ni+2-Ni+1 Ni+1-Ni, or
Ni+2-Ni+1 Ni+1-Ni。
In such scheme, the antenna tilt includes Downtilt or antenna and raised up angle.
A kind of adjusting apparatus of smart antenna, the adjusting apparatus includes：
Obtaining unit, high and antenna tilt is hung for obtaining the antenna of smart antenna of actual measurement；
Determining unit, for determining that the antenna that the obtaining unit is obtained hangs high and described antenna tilt
Corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight；The optimal broadcast beam weight be used to ensureing the antenna hang it is high and
The broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of the smart antenna reaches network coverage requirement under antenna tilt scene；
Adjustment unit, for the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna to be adjusted into the optimal broadcast
Wave beam weight.
In such scheme, described device also includes：Scope acquiring unit, selecting unit, weights generation unit,
Wherein,
The scope acquiring unit, high scope and antenna are hung for obtaining the adjustable antenna of the smart antenna
Inclination angle scope；
The selecting unit, the antenna for being obtained from the scope acquiring unit, which is hung in high scope, to be chosen
L extension high level, is designated as Mj, and j values are 1 to L；The antenna obtained from the scope acquiring unit
K angle is chosen in the range of inclination angle, Ni is designated as, i values are 1 to K；The L and K are more than 1
Integer；
The weights generation unit, for being Ni in the angle of antenna tilt, antenna hangs high extension high level and is
Generated during Mj and store corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij；The broadcast beam weight Wij is used to ensure
The angle of antenna tilt is Ni, and antenna hangs the broadcast beam water of smart antenna when high extension high level is Mj
Plane pattern reaches network coverage requirement.
In such scheme, the weights generation unit is in the angle of antenna tilt specifically for simulation acquisition
Ni, antenna hangs high extension high level under Mj scene, the smart antenna is weighed using current broadcast beam
Broadcast directional diagram during value；And when the broadcast directional diagram simulated is distortion, it is excellent using broadcast beam weight
Change the broadcast directional diagram for correcting distortion, obtaining and storing makes the broadcast directional diagram of distortion reach network coverage requirement
Broadcast beam weight Wij.
In such scheme, the determining unit, specifically for obtaining the angle minimum with the antenna tilt difference
Ni is spent, and the minimum extension high level Mj of high difference is hung with the antenna；Search and obtain the weights generation list
The Ni and the corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij of the Mj of member generation, and then it is high to obtain the antenna extension
Optimal broadcast beam weight Wij corresponding with antenna tilt.
In such scheme, the determining unit, specifically for hanging high true according to the antenna tilt and antenna
When the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern for making the smart antenna distorts, search and obtain the antenna extension
High optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt.
In such scheme, the selecting unit, specifically for hanging high scope from the antenna according to the first rule
It is interior to choose L extension high level, wherein first rule includes：According to M1 ..., ML's puts in order,
The current adjacent difference Mj+2-Mj+1 hung between high level the and previous adjacent difference Mj+1-Mj hung between high level
Between relation include：Mj+2-Mj+1 Mj+1-Mj or Mj+2-Mj+1 Mj+1-Mj；According to the second rule
K angle is then chosen in the range of the antenna tilt；Wherein described Second Rule includes：According to N1 ...,
NK's puts in order, between the difference Ni+2-Ni+1 and previous adjacent angular between current adjacent angular
Relation between difference Ni+1-Ni includes：Ni+2-Ni+1 Ni+1-Ni or Ni+2-Ni+1 Ni+1-Ni.
In such scheme, the antenna tilt includes Downtilt or antenna and raised up angle.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method of adjustment of smart antenna and device, adjusting apparatus needs first to obtain
The antenna that must be surveyed hangs high and antenna tilt；It is then determined that it is corresponding with antenna tilt most to go out the antenna extension height
Excellent broadcast beam weight；The current broadcast beam weight of the antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam power
Value.Optimal broadcast beam weight described in the embodiment of the present invention, which can be precalculated, is obtained and stored in adjustment
In device, the broadcast beam level for ensureing the antenna in the case where the antenna hangs high and antenna tilt scene
Face directional diagram reaches network coverage requirement.So described adjusting apparatus just can be by adjusting the broadcast wave of antenna
Beam weight corrects the horizontal plane wave beam caused greatly very much due to mechanical tilt angle distortion so that in mechanical tilt
When angle is too big, the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of the smart antenna can still reach network coverage requirement,
It is not in distortion.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the method for adjustment for smart antenna that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the method for adjustment for smart antenna that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is provided；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structured flowchart of the adjusting apparatus for smart antenna that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is provided；
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of the adjusting apparatus for another smart antenna that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is provided.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear
Chu, it is fully described by.
Embodiment 1
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method of adjustment of smart antenna, as shown in figure 1, the present embodiment side
The handling process of method comprises the following steps：
Step 101, the antenna for the smart antenna for obtaining actual measurement hang high and antenna tilt.
In the present embodiment, in order to realize the optimization of network quality, carried out to its used antenna for base station
When Reasonable adjustment realizes that vertical beam has a down dip, the scheme of preset electrical down-tilting+mechanical tilt can be used, by solid
Determine the electrical down-tilting that phase shifter presets antenna, then expired by mechanical tilt or the change antenna tilt that raises up
The vertical plane wave beam indices of sufficient antenna, realize the optimization of network quality.
When using such a scheme, it is possible to because mechanical tilt angle causes greatly very much antenna broadcast wave beam level
Pattern distortion, the present embodiment method can adjust the broadcast beam weight of antenna to correct by adjusting apparatus
The distortion, makes the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of smart antenna reach network coverage requirement.Need exist for
Bright, the horizontal directivity pattern distortion mentioned in the present embodiment method refers to the broadcast beam level of smart antenna
Face directional diagram can not reach network coverage requirement, if broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern reaches that the network coverage will
Ask, then it is assumed that broadcast beam horizontal directivity pattern does not distort.
Adjusting apparatus needs the antenna for first obtaining actually measured smart antenna to hang high and antenna tilt；This implementation
Detecting devices can be set on the smart antenna that example is provided, the detecting devices can detect acquisition smart antenna
Actual antenna hangs high and antenna tilt, and the antenna of actual measurement then is hung into high and antenna tilt is sent to adjustment dress
Put, the antenna that so described adjusting apparatus just obtains the smart antenna of actual measurement hangs high and antenna tilt.
Step 102, determine that the antenna hangs the corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of high and described antenna tilt.
The optimal broadcast beam weight is used to ensure the intelligence in the case where the antenna hangs high and antenna tilt scene
The broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of energy antenna reaches network coverage requirement.It is wide described in the present embodiment method
Broadcast wave beam horizontal directivity pattern and meet that the network coverage requires to include beam angle and/or the azimuth of wave beam meets net
Network covering is required.
Broadcast beam weight is the quantization means for the specific incentives signal that each port of smart antenna is applied, intelligence
The purpose that antenna port applies broadcast beam weight is to obtain the directional diagram with specific coverage effect.Extensively
Broadcasting wave beam weight can represent that amplitude typically uses normalized magnitude of voltage with amplitude/phase mode | Ui | or electricity
Flow valuve | Ii | represent (can also be represented with normalized power), phase is represented with angle；Adjust broadcast beam weight
Can to broadcast beam carry out figuration, obtain with given shape broadcast directional diagram, broadcast directional diagram for pair
Each port of smart antenna applies the omnidirectional that specific broadcast beam weight (i.e. amplitude and phase excitation) is formed
Or the antenna pattern of fan-shaped covering.
The broadcast directional diagram includes broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern and broadcast beam elevation radiation patytern；This
In embodiment method, the principle for obtaining optimal broadcast beam weight is：When giving certain antenna tilt, simulation
Go out broadcast directional diagram now, if the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern appearance broadcasted in directional diagram now is abnormal
Become, it is determined that the broadcast directional diagram distorts, adjust broadcast beam weight, until the smart antenna is wide
The horizontal directivity pattern for broadcasting wave beam is not distorted, i.e., the beam angle of horizontal radiation pattern and/or azimuth are met
Network coverage requirement, and other indexs of broadcast beam of smart antenna are when also reaching network coverage requirement, it is determined that
The broadcast directional diagram of distortion reaches network coverage requirement, by broadcast beam of smart antenna now as optimal wide
Wave beam is broadcast, now corresponding broadcast beam weight is optimal broadcast beam weight.
The adjusting apparatus can be simulated in reality after the antenna for obtaining smart antenna hangs high and antenna tilt
The antenna tilt and antenna of survey are hung under high scene, when the smart antenna uses current broadcast beam weight
Broadcast directional diagram, when finding broadcast directional diagram for distortion, such as adjacent cell interference becomes serious, then applies
The broadcast directional diagram of distortion is corrected in broadcast beam weight optimization, and acquisition makes the broadcast beam horizontal plane direction of distortion
Figure reaches the optimal broadcast beam weight of network coverage requirement；So, the adjusting apparatus is assured that out
The antenna of the actual measurement hangs high optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt.
Certainly, in order to improve efficiency, adjusting apparatus can prestore corresponding antenna hang high scope and
It can ensure that the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of the smart antenna reaches the network coverage in the range of antenna tilt
It is required that optimal broadcast beam weight.Can be pre-stored with the adjusting apparatus multigroup antenna hang high scope,
Antenna tilt scope and the corresponding relation of optimal broadcast beam weight, example, one of which corresponding relation can
To be：Antenna hangs high scope [Lmin1,Lmax1) and antenna tilt scope [Nmin1,Nmax1) corresponding optimal wide
Wave beam weight is broadcast for W11；The optimal broadcast beam weight W11It can ensure that antenna hangs height in [Lmin1,Lmax1)
Interior and antenna tilt is in [Nmin1,Nmax1) it is interior when, the broadcast directional diagram of smart antenna reaches network coverage requirement.
So, the adjusting apparatus need not just carry out simulation calculating, can directly search the acquisition antenna and hang
High optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt, when the adjusting apparatus obtains the antenna of the actual measurement
Hang high L0With antenna tilt N0Afterwards, the acquisition antenna can be searched and hang high L0The antenna at place hangs high scope
For [Lmin1,Lmax1), the antenna tilt N0The antenna tilt scope at place is [Nmin1,Nmax1), then it is described
Adjusting apparatus can search acquisition antenna and hang high scope [Lmin1,Lmax1) and antenna tilt scope [Nmin1,Nmax1)
Corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight is W11, that is, search and obtain the high L of the antenna extension0With antenna tilt N0
Corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight W11。
Step 103, the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam
Weights.
In the present embodiment method, the adjusting apparatus can hang high in the antenna for obtaining the smart antenna of actual measurement
After antenna tilt, directly search and obtain the high optimal broadcast beam power corresponding with antenna tilt of the antenna extension
Value；I.e. no matter whether the antenna tilt causes the broadcast beam horizontal directivity pattern of antenna to distort, all search
The optimal broadcast beam weight, and the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to described optimal
Broadcast beam weight.
Or, the adjusting apparatus can also hang the high determination antenna according to the antenna tilt and antenna
Broadcast beam horizontal directivity pattern when distorting, search and obtain the antenna and hang high corresponding with antenna tilt
Optimal broadcast beam weight.I.e. only when the broadcast beam horizontal directivity pattern of the smart antenna distorts,
The optimal broadcast beam weight is just searched, and the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to institute
State optimal broadcast beam weight.
The adjusting apparatus obtains the antenna and hangs high optimal broadcast beam weight W corresponding with antenna tilt11
Afterwards, the current broadcast beam weight of the antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam weight W11, due to
Height is hung in L in antenna0And antenna tilt is N0When, the optimal broadcast wave is applied to each port of smart antenna
Beam weight W11When, the smart antenna forms broadcast directional diagram and reaches network coverage requirement.Thus can be with
Ensure to hang high L in the antenna0With antenna tilt N0Under scene, even if antenna tilt is N0It is excessive, it is optimal
Broadcast beam weight W11It is also ensured that the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna reaches the network coverage
It is required that, it is to avoid occur due to the antenna horizontal directivity pattern distortion that mechanical tilt angle is caused greatly very much.
Embodiment 2
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method of adjustment of smart antenna, as shown in Fig. 2 the present embodiment side
The handling process of method comprises the following steps：
Step 201, the adjustable antenna of the acquisition smart antenna hang high scope and antenna tilt scope.
Adjusting apparatus can obtain the adjustable antenna of the smart antenna by the input of operating personnel and hang high scope：
A meters to B meters, and antenna tilt scope C degree-D degree, example, its value can be A=10, B=100；
C=0, D=25.
Step 202, from the antenna hang high scope in choose L hang high level, be designated as Mj, j values are 1
To L；K angle is chosen in the range of the antenna tilt, N is designated asi, i values are 1 to K.
Adjusting apparatus can be from A meters to B meters scope, selection L hang high level, be designated as M1...,
ML；That is A<=M1<M2<…<ML<=B.The adjusting apparatus can be from A meters to B meters scope with
Meaning chooses L extension high level, it is preferred that the adjusting apparatus can be high from antenna extension according to the first rule
In the range of choose L hang high level, wherein first rule includes：The current adjacent difference hung between high level
Mj+2-Mj+1With the previous adjacent difference M hung between high levelj+1-MjBetween relation include：Mj+2-Mj+1≥
Mj+1-Mj, or Mj+2-Mj+1≤Mj+1-Mj.Specifically, the first rule can be according to M1..., ML
Put in order, it is adjacent hang high level between difference it is identical；Or the adjacent difference hung between high level is passed successively
Increase；Or the adjacent difference hung between high level is successively decreased successively；Or the adjacent difference hung between high level is passed sometimes
Increase sometimes identical；Or the adjacent difference hung between high level successively decreases sometimes identical sometimes.
Example, adjusting apparatus is according to the first rule (the adjacent difference hung between high level is identical) from the day
When L=31 extension high level is chosen in A=10 meters to B=100 meters of the extension high scope of line, L of selection hangs high
It is worth and is：M1=10, M2=13, M3=16, M4=19 ... ..., M31=100.Or, adjusting apparatus is pressed
According to the first rule (the adjacent difference hung between high level is incremented by sometimes identical sometimes) from the extension Gao Fan of the antenna
Enclosing L extension high level of selection in A=10 meters to B=100 meters can be：Choose M1=10, M2=13, j=1
Shi Qianyi is adjacent, and the difference hung between high level is M2-M1=3, the current adjacent difference hung between high level
Mj+2-Mj+1=Mj+2- 13 are more than or equal to 3, then Mj+2Can be 16, the like, M4Can be 20 ... ....
Similarly, adjusting apparatus can select K angle, be designated as N from C degree to the scope of D degree1...,
NK；That is C<=N1<N2<…<Nk<=D.The adjusting apparatus can be random to the scope of D degree from C degree
Choose K angle, it is preferred that the adjusting apparatus can be according to Second Rule from the antenna tilt scope
K angle of interior selection；Wherein described Second Rule includes：According to N1..., NKPut in order, when
Difference N between preceding adjacent angulari+2-Ni+1Difference N between previous adjacent angulari+1-NiBetween relation
Including：Ni+2-Ni+1≥Ni+1-Ni, or Ni+2-Ni+1≤Ni+1-Ni.Specifically, Second Rule can be by
According to M1 ..., ML's puts in order, and the difference between adjacent angular is identical；Or between adjacent angular
Difference be followed successively by be incremented by；Or the difference between adjacent angular is followed successively by and successively decreased；Or between adjacent angular
Difference sometimes be incremented by it is sometimes identical；Or the difference between adjacent angular successively decreases sometimes identical sometimes.
Example, adjusting apparatus is according to Second Rule (difference be incremented by) between adjacent angular from the antenna
Inclination angle scope C=0 degree is to during K=8 angle of selection, K angle of selection can be in D=29 degree：
N1=1, N2=2, N3=4, N4=7, N5=11, N6=16, N7=22, N8=29.Or, the adjustment
Device is according to Second Rule (difference between adjacent angular is incremented by sometimes identical sometimes) from the antenna tilt
Scope C=0 degree can be to choosing K=8 angle in D=25 degree：Choose N1=1, N2When=3, i=1
Difference between previous adjacent angular is N2-N1=2, the difference N between current adjacent angulari+2-Ni+1=
Ni+2- 3 are more than or equal to 2, then Ni+2Can be 6, the like choose other 5 angles can be：N4=9,
N5=13, N6=17, N7=21, N8=25.
Step 203, antenna tilt angle be Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jShi Shengcheng is simultaneously stored
Corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij。
The broadcast beam weight WijFor ensureing that the angle in antenna tilt is Ni, it is high that antenna hangs high extension
It is worth for MjThe broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of Shi Suoshu smart antennas reaches network coverage requirement.
The angle in antenna tilt is Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jShi Shengcheng simultaneously stores correspondence
Broadcast beam weight Wij, including：
Step S1, simulation acquisition are N in the angle of antenna tilti, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jField
Under scape, the smart antenna uses broadcast directional diagram during current broadcast beam weight.
Use NiThe angle chosen in step 202 is represented, i can be using value as 1,2 ..., K；Use Mj
The extension high level chosen in step 202 is represented, j can be using value as 1,2 ..., L.For one group of Ni
And Mj, the angle of antenna tilt can be N by adjusting apparatusi, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jInput net
Advise in network optimization software, obtain associated scenario (for example dense city or common city), the smart antenna is adopted
With element pattern during current broadcast beam weight and broadcast directional diagram.
Herein it should be noted that element pattern is the reception or transmitting of the single array of smart antenna
Horizontal plane radiation pattern；That is, any feed port all connects negative in other all of the ports in intelligent antenna array
The antenna pattern launched or received during load.It is to apply specific wide to intelligent antenna array to broadcast directional diagram
Broadcast the horizontal plane radiation of omnidirectional's covering that wave beam weight (i.e. amplitude and phase excitation) formed or sector covering
Directional diagram.Broadcast directional diagram is the vector superposed of each unit directional diagram under broadcast beam weight effect.By day
The angle at line inclination angle, after antenna is hung in high extension high level input network planning network optimization software, network planning network optimization software will
Broadcast directional diagram is simulated according to the current broadcast beam weight of antenna.
Step S2, the broadcast directional diagram simulated for distortion when, using broadcast beam weight optimization correct it is abnormal
The broadcast directional diagram of change, obtains and stores the broadcast wave for making the broadcast directional diagram of distortion reach network coverage requirement
Beam weight Wij。
If NiExcessive, distortion occurs in horizontal directivity pattern, and the broadcast directional diagram now simulated also occurs abnormal
Become, when the broadcast directional diagram simulated is distortion, adjusting apparatus can apply some existing optimized algorithms,
The broadcast directional diagram of distortion is corrected by optimizing broadcasting beam weights, it is final to obtain broadcast beam weight Wij,
WijCan be N in the angle of antenna tilti, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jWhen make the broadcast of smart antenna
Directional diagram reaches network coverage requirement, now the beam angle of the horizontal directivity pattern in broadcast directional diagram and/or side
Parallactic angle reaches network coverage requirement, that is, the W obtainedijThe broadcast beam horizontal plane of the smart antenna can be made
Directional diagram reaches network coverage requirement.
It is determined that the angle of antenna tilt is Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jWhen, it is pre- in adjusting apparatus
Goal condition is first set, the 3dB beam angles of the horizontal radiation pattern of such as broadcast beam are 65 degree, and
The azimuth of maximum gain is 0 degree.Adjusting apparatus can generate an initial broadcast wave beam weight at random, obtain
Broadcast directional diagram after each unit directional diagram is vector superposed under initial broadcast wave beam weight, by itself and target bar
Part is contrasted, and then changes the corresponding initial broadcast wave beam weight of each unit directional diagram with right-value optimization algorithm,
Broadcast directional diagram after making each unit directional diagram vector superposed is gradually approached to goal condition, finally obtains each list
Broadcast directional diagram after first directional diagram is vector superposed reaches broadcast beam weight W during goal conditionij。
As described above, for every group of NiAnd MjAll calculate and obtain corresponding Wij, such as N1And M1
Calculate and obtain corresponding W11；For N1And M2Calculate and obtain corresponding W12；For N1And M3Calculate
Obtain corresponding W13；Etc., the K angle N selected according to step 202iHigh level M is hung with Lj,
Need to calculate K*L groups N altogether in step 203iAnd MjCorresponding Wij, and it is pre-stored in adjustment dress
In putting.
Step 204, the antenna for the smart antenna for obtaining actual measurement hang high and antenna tilt.
In the present embodiment method, in order to realize the optimization of the network coverage, enter to its used antenna for base station
When row Reasonable adjustment realizes that vertical beam has a down dip, the scheme of preset electrical down-tilting+mechanical tilt can be used, is passed through
Fixed phase shifter presets the electrical down-tilting of antenna, may then pass through mechanical tilt or the change antenna that raises up inclines
Angle meets the vertical plane wave beam indices of antenna.
Antenna tilt is adjusted to meet after the vertical plane wave beam indices of antenna, set on the smart antenna
The detecting devices put, which can be detected, obtains the smart antenna actual antenna extension height and antenna tilt, now obtains
Antenna tilt can be that the antenna angle that raises up can also be Downtilt；Then detecting devices will can be surveyed
Antenna hang high and antenna tilt and be sent to adjusting apparatus, what so described adjusting apparatus just obtained actual measurement should
The antenna of smart antenna hangs high and antenna tilt.
Step 205, the high level for determining the antenna intelligence is hung according to the antenna tilt and the antenna
When directional diagram distorts, search and obtain the high optimal broadcast beam power corresponding with antenna tilt of the antenna extension
Value.
The adjusting apparatus can incline the antenna of actual measurement after the antenna tilt and antenna for obtaining actual measurement hang height
Angle and antenna are hung in high input network planning network optimization software, simulate under current broadcast beam weight its corresponding
Broadcast directional diagram, if the horizontal radiation pattern of the smart antenna distorts, the now adjusting apparatus
It is accomplished by searching and obtains the high optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt of antenna extension, it is described optimal
Broadcast beam weight is used for the broadcast for ensureing the smart antenna in the case where the antenna hangs high and antenna tilt scene
Wave beam horizontal radiation pattern reaches network coverage requirement.Broadcast beam level side described in the present embodiment method
The network coverage is met to figure require to include the azimuth of beam angle and/or wave beam meet network coverage requirement.
Search obtain the optimal broadcast beam weight method can be：Obtain with the antenna tilt difference most
Small angle Ni, and the extension high level M minimum with the high difference of antenna extensionj；Then search and obtain described
NiWith the MjCorresponding broadcast beam weight Wij, and then it is high corresponding with antenna tilt to obtain the antenna extension
Optimal broadcast beam weight Wij。
Example, a height of 15 meters of the antenna extension and antenna tilt that the adjusting apparatus obtains actual measurement are 20 degree,
The angle N minimum with described 20 degree of differences of antenna tilt can then be obtained7=21, hang high by 15 with the antenna
The minimum extension high level M of rice difference3=16, then search and obtain the N7With the M3Corresponding broadcast beam
Weights W73, that is, obtain antenna and hang high 15 meters and the corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight W of 20 degree of antenna tilt73。
Step 206, the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam
Weights.
Adjusting apparatus obtains antenna and hangs high 15 meters and the corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of 20 degree of antenna tilt
W73, the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna will be adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam weight
W73。
Embodiment 3
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of adjusting apparatus of smart antenna, as shown in figure 3, the adjustment dress
Put including：Obtaining unit 301, determining unit 302, adjustment unit 303,
Obtaining unit 301, high and antenna tilt is hung for obtaining the antenna of smart antenna of actual measurement；Optionally,
The antenna tilt includes Downtilt or antenna and raised up angle.
Determining unit 302, for determining that the antenna that the obtaining unit 301 is obtained hangs high and described
The corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of antenna tilt；The optimal broadcast beam weight is used to ensure in the day
The broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern that line hangs the smart antenna under high and antenna tilt scene reaches the network coverage
It is required that；The broadcast beam horizontal directivity pattern meets the side that the network coverage requires to include beam angle and/or wave beam
Parallactic angle meets network coverage requirement.
Adjustment unit 303, for the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna to be adjusted into the determination
The optimal broadcast beam weight that unit is found.
Optionally, as shown in figure 4, the adjusting apparatus also includes：Scope acquiring unit 304, selection is single
Member 305 and weights generation unit 306, wherein,
Scope acquiring unit 304, high scope and antenna are hung for obtaining the adjustable antenna of the smart antenna
Inclination angle scope；
Selecting unit 305, the antenna for being obtained from the scope acquiring unit 304 is hung in high scope
L extension high level is chosen, M is designated asj, j values are 1 to L；From described in scope acquiring unit acquisition
K angle is chosen in the range of antenna tilt, N is designated asi, i values are 1 to K；The L and K are big
In 1 integer；
Weights generation unit 306, for being N in the angle of antenna tilti, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,j
Shi Shengcheng simultaneously stores corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij；The broadcast beam weight WijFor ensureing in antenna
The angle at inclination angle is Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jThe covering of the broadcast beam of Shi Suoshu smart antennas
Scope reaches network coverage requirement.
Optionally, the weights generation unit 306, be in the angle of antenna tilt specifically for simulation acquisition
Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jScene under, the smart antenna use current broadcast beam weight
When broadcast directional diagram；And when the broadcast directional diagram simulated is distortion, optimize using broadcast beam weight
The broadcast directional diagram of distortion is corrected, obtaining and storing makes the broadcast directional diagram of distortion reach network coverage requirement
Broadcast beam weight Wij。
Optionally, the determining unit 302, specifically for obtaining the angle minimum with the antenna tilt difference
Spend Ni, and the extension high level M minimum with the high difference of antenna extensionj；Search and obtain the weights generation unit
The N of 306 generationsiWith the MjCorresponding broadcast beam weight Wij, and then it is high to obtain the antenna extension
Optimal broadcast beam weight W corresponding with antenna tiltij。
Optionally, the determining unit 302, specifically for hanging high true according to the antenna tilt and antenna
When the horizontal directivity pattern of the fixed antenna distorts, search the acquisition antenna and hang high corresponding with antenna tilt
Optimal broadcast beam weight.
Optionally, the selecting unit 305, specifically for hanging high scope from the antenna according to the first rule
It is interior to choose L extension high level, wherein first rule includes：According to M1..., MLPut in order,
The current adjacent difference M hung between high levelj+2-Mj+1With the previous adjacent difference M hung between high levelj+1-MjIt
Between relation include：Mj+2-Mj+1≥Mj+1-Mj, or Mj+2-Mj+1≤Mj+1-Mj；According to Second Rule from
K angle is chosen in the range of the antenna tilt；Wherein described Second Rule includes：According to N1...,
NKPut in order, the difference N between current adjacent angulari+2-Ni+1With the difference between previous adjacent angular
Ni+1-NiBetween relation include：Ni+2-Ni+1≥Ni+1-Ni, or Ni+2-Ni+1≤Ni+1-Ni。
In actual applications, the obtaining unit 301 described in the present embodiment, determining unit 302, adjustment unit
303, scope acquiring unit 304, selecting unit 305 and weights generation unit 306 can be in adjusting apparatus
Central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor (MPU), digital signal processor (DSP) or scene can
The devices such as gate array (FPGA), modem are programmed to realize.The adjusting apparatus can be smart antenna
Remote control unit (RCU, Remote Control Unit), RCU internal memories contain antenna model, antenna
The information such as characteristic, current weight, can carry out remote read-write by system equipment and adjust the vertical of electrical tilt antenna
The states such as angle of declination, the adjusting apparatus can also can generate broadcast beam weight and to antenna for others
The device that is adjusted of broadcast beam weight, the present invention do not limited this.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or meter
Calculation machine program product.Therefore, the present invention can using hardware embodiment, software implementation or combine software and
The form of the embodiment of hardware aspect.Moreover, the present invention can be used wherein includes calculating one or more
The computer-usable storage medium of machine usable program code (includes but is not limited to magnetic disk storage and optical storage
Device etc.) on the form of computer program product implemented.
The present invention is with reference to method according to embodiments of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program product
Flow chart and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that can be by computer program instructions implementation process figure and/or side
Each flow and/or square frame in block diagram and flow and/or the knot of square frame in flow chart and/or block diagram
Close.Can provide these computer program instructions to all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or
The processor of other programmable data processing devices is to produce a machine so that by computer or other can
The instruction of the computing device of programming data processing equipment is produced for realizing in one flow or multiple of flow chart
The device for the function of being specified in one square frame of flow and/or block diagram or multiple square frames.
These computer program instructions, which may be alternatively stored in, can guide computer or other programmable data processing devices
In the computer-readable memory worked in a specific way so that be stored in the computer-readable memory
Instruction, which is produced, includes the manufacture of command device, and the command device is realized in one flow of flow chart or multiple streams
The function of being specified in one square frame of journey and/or block diagram or multiple square frames.
These computer program instructions can be also loaded into computer or other programmable data processing devices, made
Obtain and series of operation steps performed on computer or other programmable devices to produce computer implemented processing,
So as to which the instruction performed on computer or other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one flow of flow chart
Or specified in one square frame of multiple flows and/or block diagram or multiple square frames function the step of.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of method of adjustment of smart antenna, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
The antenna for obtaining the smart antenna of actual measurement hangs high and antenna tilt；
Determine that the antenna hangs the corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of high and described antenna tilt；It is described optimal
Broadcast beam weight is used for the broadcast for ensureing the smart antenna in the case where the antenna hangs high and antenna tilt scene
Wave beam horizontal radiation pattern reaches network coverage requirement；
The current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna is adjusted to the optimal broadcast beam weight.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that determine that the antenna hangs height described
Before optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with the antenna tilt, methods described also includes：
Obtain the adjustable antenna of the smart antenna and hang high scope and antenna tilt scope；
Hung from the antenna and L extension high level is chosen in high scope, be designated as Mj, j values are 1 to L；From institute
K angle of selection in the range of antenna tilt is stated, N is designated asi, i values are 1 to K；The L and K are
Integer more than 1；
It is N in the angle of antenna tilti, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jShi Shengcheng simultaneously stores corresponding wide
Broadcast wave beam weight Wij；The broadcast beam weight WijFor ensureing that the angle in antenna tilt is Ni, antenna
It is M to hang high extension high leveljThe broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of Shi Suoshu smart antennas reaches that the network coverage will
Ask.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the angle in antenna tilt is
Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jShi Shengcheng simultaneously stores corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij, including：
Simulation acquisition is N in the angle of antenna tilti, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jScene under, institute
Smart antenna is stated using broadcast directional diagram during current broadcast beam weight；
When the broadcast directional diagram simulated is distortion, optimize the broadcast for correcting distortion using broadcast beam weight
Directional diagram, obtains and stores the broadcast beam weight for making the broadcast directional diagram of distortion reach network coverage requirement
Wij。
4. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the acquisition antenna hangs high and antenna
The corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight in inclination angle, including：
Obtain the angle N minimum with the antenna tilt differencei, and with the antenna to hang high difference minimum
Hang high level Mj；
Search and obtain the NiWith the MjCorresponding broadcast beam weight Wij, and then obtain the antenna extension
High optimal broadcast beam weight W corresponding with antenna tiltij。
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described determine the antenna hang it is high and
The corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight of the antenna tilt, including：
The broadcast beam horizontal plane side that height determines the smart antenna is hung according to the antenna tilt and antenna
When being distorted to figure, search and obtain the high optimal broadcast beam weight corresponding with antenna tilt of antenna extension.
6. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to be hung from the antenna in high scope
L extension high level is chosen, M is designated asj, j values are 1 to L；K are chosen in the range of the antenna tilt
Angle, is designated as Ni, i values are 1 to K, including：
Hung according to the first rule from the antenna and L extension high level is chosen in high scope, wherein first rule
Including：According to M1..., MLPut in order, the current adjacent difference M hung between high levelj+2-Mj+1
With the previous adjacent difference M hung between high levelj+1-MjBetween relation include：Mj+2-Mj+1≥Mj+1-Mj, or
Person Mj+2-Mj+1≤Mj+1-Mj；
K angle is chosen in the range of the antenna tilt according to Second Rule；Wherein described Second Rule bag
Include：According to N1..., NKPut in order, the difference N between current adjacent angulari+2-Ni+1With it is previous
Difference N between adjacent angulari+1-NiBetween relation include：Ni+2-Ni+1≥Ni+1-Ni, or Ni+2-Ni+1
≤Ni+1-Ni。
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the antenna tilt has a down dip including antenna
Angle or antenna raise up angle.
8. a kind of adjusting apparatus of smart antenna, it is characterised in that the adjusting apparatus includes：
Obtaining unit, high and antenna tilt is hung for obtaining the antenna of smart antenna of actual measurement；
Determining unit, for determining that the antenna that the obtaining unit is obtained hangs high and described antenna tilt
Corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight；The optimal broadcast beam weight be used to ensureing the antenna hang it is high and
The broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of the smart antenna reaches network coverage requirement under antenna tilt scene；
Adjustment unit, for the current broadcast beam weight of the smart antenna to be adjusted into the optimal broadcast
Wave beam weight.
9. adjusting apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described device also includes：Scope
Acquiring unit, selecting unit, weights generation unit, wherein,
The scope acquiring unit, high scope and antenna are hung for obtaining the adjustable antenna of the smart antenna
Inclination angle scope；
The selecting unit, the antenna for being obtained from the scope acquiring unit, which is hung in high scope, to be chosen
L extension high level, is designated as Mj, j values are 1 to L；The antenna obtained from the scope acquiring unit inclines
K angle is chosen in angular region, N is designated asi, i values are 1 to K；The L and K are more than 1
Integer；
The weights generation unit, for being N in the angle of antenna tilti, antenna hangs high extension high level and is
MjShi Shengcheng simultaneously stores corresponding broadcast beam weight Wij；The broadcast beam weight WijFor ensureing in day
The angle at line inclination angle is Ni, it is M that antenna, which hangs high extension high level,jThe broadcast beam level of Shi Suoshu smart antennas
Face directional diagram reaches network coverage requirement.
10. adjusting apparatus according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The weights generation unit, is N specifically for simulating acquisition in the angle of antenna tilti, antenna is hung high
Extension high level be MjScene under, the smart antenna use current broadcast beam weight when broadcast direction
Figure；And when the broadcast directional diagram simulated is distortion, optimize using broadcast beam weight and correct the wide of distortion
Directional diagram is broadcast, the broadcast beam weight for making the broadcast directional diagram of distortion reach network coverage requirement is obtained and store
Wij。
11. adjusting apparatus according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The determining unit, specifically for obtaining the angle N minimum with the antenna tilt differencei, Yi Jiyu
The antenna hangs the minimum extension high level M of high differencej；Search and obtain the described of the weights generation unit generation
NiWith the MjCorresponding broadcast beam weight Wij, and then it is high corresponding with antenna tilt to obtain the antenna extension
Optimal broadcast beam weight Wij。
12. adjusting apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
The determining unit, specifically for determining the intelligence according to the antenna tilt and antenna extension height
When the broadcast beam horizontal radiation pattern of antenna distorts, search and obtain the antenna extension height and antenna tilt
Corresponding optimal broadcast beam weight.
13. adjusting apparatus according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The selecting unit, L extension is chosen specifically for being hung according to the first rule from the antenna in high scope
High level, wherein first rule includes：According to M1..., MLPut in order, it is current adjacent to hang high
Difference M between valuej+2-Mj+1With the previous adjacent difference M hung between high levelj+1-MjBetween relation include：
Mj+2-Mj+1≥Mj+1-MjOr Mj+2-Mj+1≤Mj+1-Mj；According to Second Rule from the antenna tilt scope
K angle of interior selection；Wherein described Second Rule includes：According to N1..., NKPut in order, when
Difference N between preceding adjacent angulari+2-Ni+1Difference N between previous adjacent angulari+1-NiBetween relation
Including：Ni+2-Ni+1≥Ni+1-NiOr Ni+2-Ni+1≤Ni+1-Ni。
14. adjusting apparatus according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the antenna tilt includes day
Line angle of declination or antenna raise up angle.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114978253A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-08-30 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Method, apparatus and storage medium for broadcast beam optimization |
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