CN107010615B - A kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional grapheme - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional grapheme Download PDF

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CN107010615B
CN107010615B CN201710188335.4A CN201710188335A CN107010615B CN 107010615 B CN107010615 B CN 107010615B CN 201710188335 A CN201710188335 A CN 201710188335A CN 107010615 B CN107010615 B CN 107010615B
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dimensional grapheme
copper
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CN107010615A (en
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纪效波
葛鹏
侯红帅
邱晓清
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Central South University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/40—Electric properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional grapheme, this method is after mixing oxygen-containing organic polymer with mantoquita, to be placed in indifferent gas atmosphere and calcine, and calcined product is by liquor ferri trichloridi washing, drying to get three-dimensional grapheme；This method is easy to operate just, the period is short, and yield is high, is conducive to industrialized production；Obtained three-dimensional grapheme material can be used as sodium ion battery electrode material, and have excellent chemical property.

Description

A kind of preparation method and applications of three-dimensional grapheme
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of three-dimensional grapheme material, in particular to using copper salt with it is oxygen-containing organic Polymer prepares the method for three-dimensional grapheme and its application in sodium-ion battery, belongs to the system of sodium ion battery electrode material Standby technical field.
Background technique
Graphene is by sp2Carbon atom connects to form two-dimensional sheet structure, carbon atom it is regular be arranged in honeycomb lattice It is most thin one kind in known materials among structural unit.As simple substance, the electron transmission speed of graphene be can achieve 15000cm2/ Vs surmounts known all conductors.Have benefited from the special Atomic Arrangement of graphene itself, the tension of the material is strong Degree can achieve 125GPa, and the elasticity modulus of the material is 1.1TPa.A kind of graphene also excellent heat conductor, Its carrier density is lower, and conducts heat to rely primarily on and propagate in phonon, and thermal coefficient is up to 5*103W/m K, in addition, all It interacts between carbon atom, forms the big pi bond of delocalization, electronics can move freely in this area, so that the conductivity of material is 106S/m, higher conductivity make material have very high development prospect in energy storage field.
However, Van der Waals interaction strong between graphene, causes uniform monodispersed graphene easily to send out Raw agglomeration.Seriously affect the mechanical properties strength of grapheme material, high rate of heat transfer, the advantages such as high conductivity, Prevent grapheme material in the energy, biology, the fields such as environment further use.It is constructed by graphene laminated structure three-dimensional Network structure effectively alleviates the agglomeration of grapheme material, avoids repeating for single graphene sheet layer, this is right It is particularly significant in the bulk properties of maintenance grapheme material.Three-dimensional grapheme building is considered as the most effective means and promotes graphite The development of alkene, people have been devoted to develop novel three-dimensional grapheme network structure.
The preparation method of traditional three-dimensional grapheme is divided into mechanical stripping method, epitaxial growth method, and chemical vapour deposition technique is changed Learn stripping method etc., although however mechanical stripping method can synthesize the higher three-dimensional grapheme of purity, but larger, the yield that consumes energy It is smaller.And epitaxial growth method and chemical gas-phase method, although three-dimensional grapheme material that can be excellent with synthesis performance, but produce work Skill is complicated, and cost is larger, is not appropriate for the large-scale production of material.And the synthetic method of chemical stripping, more will use The chemical reagent of poison, prevents the commercialization of this method.
Summary of the invention
For defect existing for the existing method for preparing three-dimensional grapheme material, it is an object of the invention to be to mention Wide, step and the method for preparing three-dimensional grapheme easy to operate, that the period is short, yield is high for a kind of raw material sources.
Another object of the present invention is to be to provide a kind of application of three-dimensional grapheme, and three-dimensional grapheme has three Network architecture is tieed up, is on the one hand conducive to the infiltration of electrolyte, and form three-dimensional conductive network structure, there is preferable electrification Activity is learned, sodium-ion battery is used for, there are the excellent properties such as high capacity, high power, long-life.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of three-dimensional grapheme, this method be by It after oxygen-containing organic polymer is mixed with mantoquita, is placed in indifferent gas atmosphere, is calcined at a temperature of 400~800 DEG C, calcining produces Object by liquor ferri trichloridi washing, it is dry to get.
The mass ratio of preferred scheme, oxygen-containing organic polymer and mantoquita is 1:1~20.More preferably ratio be 1:1~ 10.Most preferably 1:5~10.If mantoquita ratio is too low, causing during generating three-dimensional grapheme, template is insufficient, The three-dimensional structure in turn resulting in material cannot generate.And mantoquita is excessive, will cause the waste of resource, to the pattern of three-dimensional grapheme It influences little.
More preferably scheme, the oxygen-containing organic polymer be selected from carbon quantum dot, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyformaldehyde, Polyethylene oxide, epoxy resin, polycarbonate, polytetrahydrofuran, polyphenylene oxide, polyvinyl formal, polyacrylic acid, polyacetals tree At least one of rouge, resorcinol formaldehyde resin, phenolic resin.More preferably carbon quantum dot, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, phenol At least one of urea formaldehyde.More preferably carbon quantum dot.It is rich in oxygen in preferred oxygen-containing organic polymer, in carbonization, graphitization It is easier to act on copper in the process, aggregation assembling forms three-dimensional network frame structure.It simultaneously can be right using oxygen-containing organic polymer Three-dimensional grapheme material carries out suitable oxygen doping, to improve the chemical property of three-dimensional grapheme.
More preferably scheme, the mantoquita be selected from stannous chloride, copper chloride, copper acetate, copper sulphate, copper carbonate, cupric phosphate, At least one of copper nitrate, hydrogen phosphite copper.More preferably stannous chloride, copper chloride, copper acetate, at least one in copper nitrate Kind.
Preferred scheme, calcination temperature are 600~700 DEG C.
More preferably scheme, calcination time are 0.5h~10h；Preferably 2~5h.
More preferably scheme, the heating rate in calcination process are 1~15 DEG C/min；More preferably 5~10 DEG C/min.
The present invention also provides the applications of three-dimensional grapheme, are applied to sodium-ion battery as electrode material.
Preferred scheme, three-dimensional grapheme are mixed to be coated on electrode slice by rubbing method with binder and conductive black and be made Standby electrode.
The mass ratio of preferred scheme, three-dimensional grapheme and binder and conductive black be 65~75:10~15:15~ 20。
Three-dimensional grapheme is impregnated or washed using liquor ferri trichloridi in technical solution of the present invention, it is therefore an objective to The ingredients such as the copper gone out in graphene.Cleaning solution or maceration extract recycle mantoquita by the modes such as being concentrated, drying, and reuse.
Mixing is generally referred to as conventional mechanical mixture in technical solution of the present invention, such as mills.
Inert atmosphere refers to helium, argon gas, nitrogen etc. in technical solution of the present invention, can be their gaseous mixture Atmosphere.
Technical solution of the present invention mixes mantoquita with oxygen-containing organic polymer, with the oxygen-containing organic polymer of the rising of temperature Object gradually within the surface of mantoquita is polymerize and is coated on mantoquita, continues to increase, the copper simple substance particle of generation with temperature Play the role of template and frame in the inside of oxygen-containing organic polymer, oxygen-containing organic polymer is by carbonization, graphitization, structure Three-dimensional network frame structure is built up, removal copper mold plate is washed by using liquor ferri trichloridi, just generates three-dimensional grapheme structure.
Compared with the prior art, technical solution of the present invention bring advantageous effects:
1, technical solution of the present invention is using mantoquita and oxygen-containing organic polymer as raw material, using being simply mixed, calcine and wash Wash process combination, it can obtain three-dimensional grapheme, this method yield is high, and process flow is short, and the period is short, and production efficiency obtains greatly Big to improve, the relatively existing technology for preparing three-dimensional grapheme enormously simplifies processing step, is conducive to industrialized production.
2, the three-dimensional grapheme of technical solution of the present invention preparation has stable porous three-dimensional frame structure, porous knot Structure is conducive to ion transmission, and three-dimensional box framework stability in charge and discharge process is good；It is particularly well suited as sodium-ion battery Electrode material uses, and can effectively improve and receive capacity, the power of ion battery, prolong the service life.
3, the raw material that technical solution of the present invention uses is simple, and source is wide, at low cost, and the available recycling of copper salt It uses, substantially reduces use cost.
Detailed description of the invention
[Fig. 1] is the stereoscan photograph of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 1；
[Fig. 2] is the transmission electron microscope photo of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 1；
[Fig. 3] is the XRD spectra of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 1；
[Fig. 4] is the stereoscan photograph of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 2；
[Fig. 5] is the transmission electron microscope photo of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 2；
[Fig. 6] is the stereoscan photograph of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 3；
[Fig. 7] is the transmission electron microscope photo of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 3；
[Fig. 8] is the stereoscan photograph of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 4；
[Fig. 9] is the transmission electron microscope photo of three-dimensional grapheme obtained in embodiment 4；
[Figure 10] is block structure stereoscan photograph obtained in comparative example 2；
[Figure 11] is block structure stereoscan photograph obtained in comparative example 3；
[Figure 12] is the high rate performance of the battery that assembles in embodiment 1 under different current densities.
Specific embodiment
Following embodiment is in order to which the present invention is explained in greater detail, these embodiments do not form any restrictions to the present invention, The present invention can be implemented by formula either described in summary of the invention.
Embodiment 1
0.4g carbon quantum dot and 4.0g stannous chloride are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 700 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 10 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By calcined product grind into powder, it is molten that excessive ferric trichloride is added Its pH is adjusted to neutrality by liquid, and 10min is centrifugated under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, at 100 DEG C It is dried in vacuo 12h, obtains black powder 0.15g.Its scanning electron microscopic picture is Fig. 1, it can be seen that product is three-dimensional grapheme knot Structure.Fig. 2 is that its transmission electron microscope picture is consistent with scanning electron microscope result.Fig. 3 is its X-ray diffraction spectrogram, and obtained product is graphite Olefinic carbon.
Obtained three-dimensional grapheme carbon material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, conductive black 70:15:15 in mass ratio are mixed Uniformly, appropriate ultrapure water is added slurry is made and is applied on copper foil, to dry at water volatilization postposition in a vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C Then the copper foil for being coated with active material is cut into the disk of diameter 13mm by 12h.To be coated with the diameter of active material as 13mm's Disk is working electrode, and metallic sodium is to electrode, and Celgard2400 composite membrane is diaphragm, is assembled in inert atmosphere glove box Button cell.The three-dimensional grapheme that electrochemical property test shows has excellent circulation performance, 0.5,1,2, 4、10Ag-1Current density under, reversible specific capacity is respectively 215.3,185.9,144..3,113.2,73mAh g-1, and passing through After super-high-current circulation, when current density is restored to 0.5Ag-1Afterwards, reversible specific capacity can be restored to 208.5mAh g-1。
Embodiment 2
0.4g PEG-6000 and 4.0g stannous chloride is uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 700 DEG C are forged 4h is burnt, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By calcined product grind into powder, excessive ferric trichloride is added Its pH is adjusted to neutrality by solution, and 10min is centrifugated under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, at 100 DEG C Lower vacuum drying 12h, obtains black powder 0.14g.Its scanning electron microscopic picture is Fig. 4, it can be seen that product is three-dimensional grapheme Structure.Fig. 5 is that its transmission electron microscope picture is consistent with scanning electron microscope result.
Obtained three-dimensional grapheme carbon material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, conductive black 70:15:15 in mass ratio are mixed Uniformly, appropriate ultrapure water is added slurry is made and is applied on copper foil, to dry at water volatilization postposition in a vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C Then the copper foil for being coated with active material is cut into the disk of diameter 13mm by 12h.To be coated with the diameter of active material as 13mm's Disk is working electrode, and metallic sodium is to electrode, and Celgard2400 composite membrane is diaphragm, is assembled in inert atmosphere glove box Button cell.The three-dimensional grapheme that electrochemical property test shows has excellent cycle performance, in 0.1A g-1Electricity Under current density, into after crossing the circulation of 100 cycles, the specific discharge capacity of material can still maintain 255.7mAh g-1, exhibition Splendid cyclical stability is revealed.
Embodiment 3
0.4g carbon quantum dot and 2.0g stannous chloride are uniformly mixed, then by it in N2Under gas shield, 750 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 8 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By calcined product grind into powder, it is molten that excessive ferric trichloride is added Liquid is centrifugated 10min under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, is dried in vacuo 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains Black powder 0.14g.Its scanning electron microscopic picture is Fig. 6, it can be seen that product is three-dimensional grapheme structure.Fig. 7 is its transmission electricity Mirror figure is consistent with scanning electron microscope result.
Obtained three-dimensional grapheme carbon material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, conductive black 70:15:15 in mass ratio are mixed Uniformly, appropriate ultrapure water is added slurry is made and is applied on copper foil, to dry at water volatilization postposition in a vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C Then the copper foil for being coated with active material is cut into the disk of diameter 13mm by 12h.To be coated with the diameter of active material as 13mm's Disk is working electrode, and metallic sodium is to electrode, and Celgard2400 composite membrane is diaphragm, is assembled in inert atmosphere glove box Button cell.The three-dimensional grapheme that electrochemical property test shows has excellent cycle performance, in 0.1Ag-1Electric current Under density, into after crossing the circulation of 100 cycles, the specific discharge capacity of material can still maintain 247.9mAh g-1, and Coulombic efficiency can achieve 99.6%, show splendid cyclical stability.
Embodiment 4
0.4g polyacrylic acid and 4.0g copper nitrate are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 800 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 10 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By calcined product grind into powder, it is molten that excessive ferric trichloride is added Liquid is centrifugated 10min under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, is dried in vacuo 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains Black powder 0.13g.Its scanning electron microscopic picture is Fig. 8, it can be seen that product is three-dimensional grapheme structure.Fig. 9 is its transmission electricity Mirror figure is consistent with scanning electron microscope result.
Obtained three-dimensional grapheme carbon material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, conductive black 70:15:15 in mass ratio are mixed Uniformly, appropriate ultrapure water is added slurry is made and is applied on copper foil, to dry at water volatilization postposition in a vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C Then the copper foil for being coated with active material is cut into the disk of diameter 13mm by 12h.To be coated with the diameter of active material as 13mm's Disk is working electrode, and metallic sodium is to electrode, and Celgard2400 composite membrane is diaphragm, is assembled in inert atmosphere glove box Button cell.The three-dimensional grapheme that electrochemical property test shows has excellent cycle performance, in 0.1Ag-1Electric current Under density, into after crossing the circulation of 100 cycles, the specific discharge capacity of material can still maintain 233.5mAh g-1, and Coulombic efficiency can achieve 99.4%, show splendid cyclical stability.
Embodiment 5
0.4g polyethylene glycol -12000 and 4.0g copper acetate are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 600 DEG C 5h is calcined, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By calcined product grind into powder, excessive tri-chlorination is added Ferrous solution is centrifugated 10min under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, is dried in vacuo 12h at 100 DEG C, Obtain black powder.
Obtained three-dimensional grapheme carbon material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, conductive black 70:15:15 in mass ratio are mixed Uniformly, appropriate ultrapure water is added slurry is made and is applied on copper foil, to dry at water volatilization postposition in a vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C Then the copper foil for being coated with active material is cut into the disk of diameter 13mm by 12h.To be coated with the diameter of active material as 13mm's Disk is working electrode, and metallic sodium is to electrode, and Celgard2400 composite membrane is diaphragm, is assembled in inert atmosphere glove box Button cell.The three-dimensional grapheme that electrochemical property test shows has excellent cycle performance, in 0.2Ag-1Electric current Under density, into after crossing the circulation of 200 cycles, the specific discharge capacity of material can still maintain 213.1mAh g-1, and Coulombic efficiency can achieve 99.0%, show splendid cyclical stability.
Embodiment 6
0.4g carbon quantum dot and 4.0g stannous chloride are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 800 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 5 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By the calcined excessive liquor ferri trichloridi of product grind into powder, It is centrifugated 10min under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, is dried in vacuo 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains black Powder.
Obtained three-dimensional grapheme carbon material, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, conductive black 70:15:15 in mass ratio are mixed Uniformly, appropriate ultrapure water is added slurry is made and is applied on copper foil, to dry at water volatilization postposition in a vacuum drying oven 100 DEG C Then the copper foil for being coated with active material is cut into the disk of diameter 13mm by 12h.To be coated with the diameter of active material as 13mm's Disk is working electrode, and metallic sodium is to electrode, and Celgard2400 composite membrane is diaphragm, is assembled in inert atmosphere glove box Button cell.The three-dimensional grapheme that electrochemical property test shows has excellent cycle performance, in 1.0Ag-1Electric current Under density, into after crossing the circulation of 100 cycles, the specific discharge capacity of material can still maintain 155.7mAh g-1, and Coulombic efficiency can achieve 98.0%, show splendid cyclical stability.
Comparative example 1
0.4g carbon quantum dot and 4.0g stannous chloride are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 900 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 5 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By calcined product grind into powder, excessive liquor ferri trichloridi, this When solution show transparent brown color, there is no the solid matter of black, this point can illustrate, in the higher situation of temperature Under, three-dimensional grapheme material can not be generated.
Comparative example 2
0.4g carbon quantum dot and 4.0g stannous chloride are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 300 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 5 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By the calcined excessive liquor ferri trichloridi of product grind into powder, It is centrifugated 10min under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, is dried in vacuo 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains black Powder.Its scanning electron microscopic picture is Figure 10, it can be seen that product is block structure, this may be since carbon quantum dot is sent out not yet Raw carbonization.
Comparative example 3
0.4g carbon quantum dot and 0.1g stannous chloride are uniformly mixed, then by it under Ar gas shield, 700 DEG C of calcinings 5h, heating rate are 10 DEG C/min, Temperature fall.By the calcined excessive liquor ferri trichloridi of product grind into powder, It is centrifugated 10min under 10000r/min revolving speed, is cleaned with deionized water 5 times, is dried in vacuo 12h at 100 DEG C, obtains black Powder.Its scanning electron microscopic picture is Figure 11, it can be seen that product is block structure, and the missing of template, only material cannot give birth to At complete three-dimensional structure.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of three-dimensional grapheme, it is characterised in that: by carbon quantum dot and/or oxygen-containing organic polymer, with copper It after salt mixing, is placed in indifferent gas atmosphere, is calcined at a temperature of 400~800 DEG C, calcined product passes through liquor ferri trichloridi Washing, it is dry to get；
The oxygen-containing organic polymer is selected from polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyformaldehyde, polyethylene oxide, epoxy resin, poly- carbonic acid Ester, polytetrahydrofuran, polyphenylene oxide, polyvinyl formal, polyacrylic acid, aldehyde resin, resorcinol formaldehyde resin, phenolic aldehyde tree At least one of rouge；
The mantoquita is selected from stannous chloride, copper chloride, copper acetate, copper sulphate, copper carbonate, cupric phosphate, copper nitrate, hydrogen phosphite copper At least one of；
Heating rate in calcination process is 1~15 DEG C/min.
2. the preparation method of three-dimensional grapheme according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: oxygen-containing organic polymer and mantoquita Mass ratio be 1:1~20.
3. the preparation method of three-dimensional grapheme according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: calcination temperature be 600~ 700℃。
4. the preparation method of three-dimensional grapheme according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: calcination time is 0.5h~10h.
5. the application of the three-dimensional grapheme of the described in any item preparation method preparations of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: as Electrode material is applied to sodium-ion battery.
6. the application of three-dimensional grapheme according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: three-dimensional grapheme and binder and conduction Carbon black mixing is coated on electrode slice by rubbing method and prepares electrode.
7. the application of three-dimensional grapheme according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: three-dimensional grapheme and binder and conduction The mass ratio of carbon black is 65~75:10~15:15~20.
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CN111470494A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-31 广东工业大学 Preparation method and application of three-dimensional graphene
CN113471427A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-10-01 福建海峡石墨烯产业技术研究院有限公司 Carbon quantum dot and graphene composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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