CN106996844A - The centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil and its measuring and calculation method - Google Patents
The centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil and its measuring and calculation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106996844A CN106996844A CN201710360053.8A CN201710360053A CN106996844A CN 106996844 A CN106996844 A CN 106996844A CN 201710360053 A CN201710360053 A CN 201710360053A CN 106996844 A CN106996844 A CN 106996844A
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil and its measuring and calculation method, it is made up of homogeneous rotating circular disk, minimum SCM system, connecting key, buncher, motor fixing frame and fixing bolt, minimum SCM system is fixedly installed on homogeneous rotating circular disk, homogeneous rotating circular disk is fixedly installed on buncher upper end by connecting key, buncher is fixedly installed on motor fixing frame, and fixed mount is fixed on work top；The present invention realizes that the tangential direction that record soil is circumferentially moved from tactile native test specimen departs from the method for touching native test specimen state, utilize the electric current between single chip computer measurement damp clay upper/lower terminal, by record soil from soil-engaging component depart from when motor rotating speed, so that it may calculate tested soil according to tangential adhesion friction power calculation formula and touch the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen；The present invention can be realized to heterogeneity, the soil of parameter and the different tests for touching the tangential adhesion friction power between soil material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery technological field, more particularly to a kind of tangential adhesion friction power of centrifugal soil is surveyed
Trial assembly is put and its measuring and calculation method.
Background technology
In daily life with work, being particularly in agricultural production and construction process, when soil and ground machine
When being relatively moved between soil-engaging component along contact surface tangential direction, i.e., soil along equipment soil-engaging component surface move when, such as
Soil is moved along the tactile native face such as mouldboard, ejector dozer, power shovel, scraper cargo bed；Or equipment soil-engaging component surface is along soil
When mobile, such as plough, plough bottom, hoe, spade are moved along soil, and soil is soil to the adhesion resistance of equipment soil-engaging component
To the tangential adhesion friction power of equipment.Under the influence of soil adhesion, ground machine is reduced by performance, working resistance increase,
Energy consumption increases, production efficiency reduction, while also having aggravated the abrasion of soil-engaging component working surface, reduces the life-span of part, therefore
Test and the analysis method of the necessary effective reducing adhesion technology of exploitation and method and its adhesion friction power, it is particularly tangential
The test of adhesion friction power and analysis method.
Complexity and polytropy due to soil adhesion, at present both at home and abroad to the adhesion between soil and tactile native solid material
Force test device is concentrated mainly on the test of normal adhesion force；
Three kinds of soil adhesions that such as patent No. CN202735231U, CN205352913U, CN1051978A are related to are surveyed
Trial assembly put be normal orientation adhesion test, and for the soil adhesion friction testing device of tangential direction and its practicality
The temporary nothing of method of testing.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the adhesion that above-mentioned existing soil adhesion force test device is normal orientation
Test, the problems such as lacking the analysis method to the adhesion friction force test device of tangential direction and its practicality, and provide it is a kind of from
The tangential adhesion friction force test device of core type soil and its measuring and calculation method.
A kind of centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil of the present invention, is by homogeneous rotating circular disk, minimum list
Piece machine system, connecting key, buncher, motor fixing frame and fixing bolt composition, minimum SCM system are fixedly installed on
On matter rotating circular disk, homogeneous rotating circular disk is fixedly installed on buncher upper end by connecting key, and buncher is fixedly installed on
On motor fixing frame, fixed mount is fixed on work top by fixing bolt；
There are two enameled conducting wires on the homogeneous rotating circular disk, native test specimen mounting groove and single-chip microcomputer mounting groove composition is touched,
The output end of the minimum SCM system of one end connection of a piece enameled conducting wire, the other end, which is connected to, touches native test specimen upper end, Ling Yigen
One end of enameled conducting wire is connected to the input of minimum SCM system, and the other end is connected to tested soil upper end, single-chip microcomputer peace
Put groove to be arranged at disc centre, touch soil test specimen mounting groove and be arranged on homogeneous rotating circular disk edge, touch soil test specimen mounting groove
Thickness is less than homogeneous rotating circular disk thickness；
The material of the homogeneous rotating circular disk is lucite or steel part；
The single-chip microcomputer mounting groove is arranged on the bearing of buncher axostylus axostyle and homogeneous rotating circular disk centre bore, the list
Piece machine mounting groove is rectangle；
The range of speeds upper limit of described buncher is 10000r/min；
A kind of measuring and calculation method of the tangential adhesion friction power of centrifugal soil, is comprised the following steps that：
First, the radius of homogeneous rotating circular disk is set as R0, wherein 0.1m ＜ R0＜ 1m, thickness is h0, wherein 0 ＜ h0＜
0.05m, the long wide scope of single-chip microcomputer mounting groove is l1＜ 0.04m, b1＜ 0.04m, depth h1＜ 0.01m；
It is R that tactile native test specimen mounting groove is arranged on into homogeneous rotating circular disk edge far from homogeneous rotating circular disk centeriDistance at,
Wherein 0 ＜ Ri＜ R0, the length and width size range for touching soil test specimen mounting groove is respectively l2≤0.05m,b2≤ 0.05m, depth h2＜
0.01m；
2nd, drive homogeneous rotating circular disk with the rotating speed more than 30r/min to make uniform speed rotation using buncher, away from
From homogeneous rotating circular disk center RiThe position at place fixes one on homogeneous rotating circular disk and touches native test specimen in some way, touches
The thickness of native test specimen mounting groove is less than the thickness for touching native test specimen, allows tested soil to be connect with natural or compacting state by can calculate
The shape of contacting surface product, which is uniformly spread over, touches native test specimen upper surface, starts buncher, then soil is touching native surface of test piece with homogeneous
Rotating circular disk one acts as uniform speed rotation, by controlling the rotating speed of buncher, allows buncher in the way of certain speedup
Rotation, when rotating speed reaches niR/min when, wherein ni＞ 30r/min, it is tangential that soil is circumferentially moved from tactile native test specimen
Direction, which departs from, touches native test specimen moment, records the rotating speed of buncher, then cutting between the corresponding tactile native test specimen of tested soil
Can be by formula to adhesion friction power：Calculating is obtained, in formula：
FτfTo be tested soil and touching the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen, unit：N；
M is the measurement of tested soil, and fixed, unit can be measured by electronic scale essence：kg；
RiThe distance between center and disc centre to touch native test specimen, unit：m；
niFor the rotating speed of motor, unit：r/min；
The invention is characterised in that：Realize that the tangential direction that record soil is circumferentially moved from tactile native test specimen departs from tactile soil
The method of test specimen state, using single chip computer measurement by the electric current between damp clay upper/lower terminal, if electric current is zero, says
Bright soil departs from from tactile native test specimen upper surface, by record soil from soil-engaging component depart from when motor rotating speed, so that it may foundation
Tangential adhesion friction power calculation formula calculates tested soil and touches the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen；
This method can realize that quantitative analysis is tested soil and touches the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen, can be
Know under conditions of soil parameters (such as water content, unit weight, the degree of packing, soil type) to tangential between given tactile native test specimen
Adhesion friction power realizes dynamic test；Measure the dynamic change mistake of the electric current between the upper and lower surface of soil in real time by single-chip microcomputer
Journey, you can know the dynamic changing process of tangential adhesion friction power between tested soil and given tactile native test specimen, this method can be real
Soil existing to heterogeneity and parameter and different solids touch the test of the tangential adhesion friction power between soil material with it is quantitative
Analysis.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Apparatus of the present invention are simple in construction, easy to use, this method can realize to heterogeneity and the soil of parameter with not
Same solid touches the test and quantitative analysis of the tangential adhesion friction power between soil material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 partial schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Designed present invention is generally directed to test the tangential adhesion friction power of heavy soil, the measuring and calculation method being related to
Basic ideas be the disk based on horizontal positioned in rotation process, the object at disk border at the uniform velocity turns as disk is done together
It is dynamic, if ignoring the resistance of air, now suffered by the soil M on disk in it is main by gravity G, normal direction branch of the disk to soil
Holding force FN, centripetal force FωWith tangential adhesion friction power FτfIf soil M is in poised state, the gravity G suffered by it and disk pair
Its normal direction holding power FNIt is a pair equal in magnitude, power in opposite direction, and in the horizontal direction, soil M is by centripetal force FωWith
Tangential adhesion friction power Fτf, this two power is also equal in magnitude in opposite direction, is with formula expression：
Normal orientation：∑ F=0, i.e.,
Horizontal direction：∑ F=0, i.e.,
And when the rotary speed of disk reaches a certain critical speed niWhen, being tested soil M can be along disk tangential velocity
Direction departs from disk, and the angular speed degree of note disk now is ω, tested soil M is departed from disc surfaces, then original flat
Weighing apparatus state is broken, i.e., in the horizontal direction,Numerically Fτf＞ Fω, now remember the soil of disengaging moment
Centrifugal force is Fω', it is clear that numerically Fω'=Fω, it can thus be concluded that, the moment departed from soil, the tangential adhesion suffered by soil M
Frictional force Fτf=Fω′.I.e.
This be motor in rotating speed n, the tangential adhesion friction power of soil
In calculation formula, formula：
FτfTo be tested soil and touching the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen, unit：Newton, N；
M is the measurement of tested soil, and fixed, unit can be measured by electronic scale essence：kg；
RiThe distance between center and disc centre to touch native test specimen, unit：m；
niFor the rotating speed of motor, unit：r/min；
ω is the angular speed of motor, unit：rad/s；
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil of the present invention, is revolved by homogeneous
Turn disk 1, minimum SCM system 2, connecting key 3, buncher 4, motor fixing frame 5 and fixing bolt 6 to constitute, minimum monolithic
Machine system 2 is fixedly installed on homogeneous rotating circular disk 1, and homogeneous rotating circular disk 1 is fixedly installed on buncher 4 by connecting key 3
Upper end, buncher 4 is fixedly installed on motor fixing frame 5, and fixed mount 5 is fixed on work top by fixing bolt 6；
There are two enameled conducting wires 7 on the homogeneous rotating circular disk 1, native test specimen mounting groove 10 and single-chip microcomputer mounting groove 11 is touched
Composition, the output end of the minimum SCM system 2 of one end connection of an enameled conducting wire 7, the other end, which is connected to, to be touched on native test specimen 9
End, one end of another enameled conducting wire 7 is connected to the input of minimum SCM system 2, and the other end is connected on tested soil 8
End, can so make the enameled conducting wire 7 of energization constitute a closed-loop path；
Further, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, minimum SCM system is arranged in disk by bonding glue mounting groove 11
At the heart, the edge of homogeneous rotating circular disk 1 can be arranged on by bonding glue mounting groove 10 by touching soil test specimen, touch soil test specimen mounting groove 10
Thickness be less than the thickness of homogeneous rotating circular disk 1；
A kind of measuring and calculation method of the tangential adhesion friction power of centrifugal soil, is comprised the following steps that：
Described rotating circular disk 1 is uniform in material, and the radius of disk is R0, wherein 0.1m ＜ R0＜ 1m, thickness is h0, wherein 0
＜ h0＜ 0.05m, the material of disk 1 can be lucite or steel part；
Further, described minimum SCM system mounting groove 2 is arranged at the pivot of disk, i.e., motor shaft with
The junction of disc rotary centre bore, is arranged symmetrically on pivot, according to the shape of minimum SCM system, is set to square
Shape, its long wide scope is l1＜ 0.04m, b1＜ 0.04m, depth h1＜ 0.01m, specifically can be according to actual size depending on, mounting groove
11 can be obtained by Laser Processing or numerical control mill；
Further, it is R that described tactile native test specimen mounting groove 10, which is arranged in disk border away from pivot,iDistance at, its
In 0 ＜ Ri＜ R0；
Further, the length and width size range of mounting groove 10 is respectively l2≤0.05m,b2≤ 0.05m, depth h2＜ 0.01m,
Depending on specific size can be according to actual size.Mounting groove 10 can be obtained by Laser Processing or numerical control mill；
Further, described motor 3 requirement can be precisely controlled for rotating speed, and the range of speeds upper limit is 10000r/min；
Further, the tangential adhesion friction power test philosophy of described centrifugal soil is characterized in that the method is based on centrifugation
Power computational methods, drive disk to make uniform speed rotation with a certain rotating speed, apart from disc centre position R using motoriPlace
Position fixes one on disk and touches native test specimen 9 in some way, allow tested soil 8 by natural or compacting state by can based on
The shape for calculating contact area uniformly spreads over the upper surface for touching native test specimen 9, starts motor 4, then is tested soil 8 and is touching native test specimen 9
Surface acts as uniform speed rotation with disk one, by the rotating speed of controlled motor 4, allows motor to be rotated in the way of certain speedup
Motion, when rotating speed reaches critical speed niWhen, the tangential direction that tested soil 8 is circumferentially moved from tactile native test specimen 9 departs from
Moment, the rotating speed of motor 4 is recorded, then the tangential adhesion friction power being tested between the corresponding tactile native test specimen 9 of soil 8 can be by public affairs
Formula：Calculating is obtained, in formula：
FτfTo be tested soil and touching the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen, unit：Newton, N；
M is the measurement of tested soil, and fixed, unit can be measured by electronic scale essence：kg；
RiThe distance between center and disc centre to touch native test specimen, unit：m；
niTo be tested the rotating speed of motor when soil departs from tactile native test specimen, unit：r/min；
Further, described centrifugal soil tangentially adheres to force test device, realizes record soil from edge on tactile native test specimen
The method for the tactile native test specimen state of tangential direction disengaging of circular motion is by measuring damp clay using minimum SCM system 2
Electric current in the closed-loop path being made up of between upper and lower ends enameled conducting wire 7 touches native test specimen 9 to judge whether tested soil 8 departs from
Upper surface, if electric current is zero, illustrates that tested soil 8 departs from from the tactile native upper surface of test specimen 9, the method simply conscientiously may be used
OK, by recording soil 8 from the rotating speed n of motor during the tactile native disengaging of test specimen 9i, so that it may according to tangential adhesion friction power calculation formula
Calculate tested soil 8 and touch the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen 9；
Further, the tangential adhesion friction force test device of described soil, it is possible to achieve quantitative analysis is tested soil 8 with touching
Tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen 9, can be in known soil parameters (such as water content, unit weight, the degree of packing, soil type
Deng) under conditions of to give material tactile native test specimen 9 between tangential adhesion friction power realize dynamic test；It is minimum by making by oneself
SCM system measures the dynamic changing process of the electric current between soil upper and lower surface in real time, you can know that tested soil is touched with given
The dynamic changing process of tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen；
The tangential adhesion friction force test device of described soil, it is possible to achieve to the soil of heterogeneity and parameter with it is different
The test of the tangential adhesion friction power between soil material, the method simple possible are touched, and quantitative analysis can be realized.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of tangential adhesion friction force test device of centrifugal soil, it is characterised in that：It is by homogeneous rotating circular disk (1), most
Small single sheet machine system (2), connecting key (3), buncher (4), motor fixing frame (5) and fixing bolt (6) composition, minimum monolithic
Machine system (2) is fixedly installed on homogeneous rotating circular disk (1), and homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) is fixedly installed on tune by connecting key (3)
Speed motor (4) upper end, buncher (4) is fixedly installed on motor fixing frame (5), and fixed mount (5) is solid by fixing bolt (6)
It is scheduled on work top；
There are two enameled conducting wires (7) on the homogeneous rotating circular disk (1), native test specimen mounting groove (10) and single-chip microcomputer mounting groove is touched
(11) constitute, the output end of the minimum SCM system (2) of one end connection of an enameled conducting wire (7), the other end, which is connected to, touches soil
Test specimen (9) upper end, one end of another enameled conducting wire (7) is connected to the input of minimum SCM system (2), other end connection
In tested soil (8) upper end, single-chip microcomputer mounting groove (11) is arranged at disc centre, is touched soil test specimen mounting groove (10) and is arranged on
Matter rotating circular disk (1) edge, the thickness for touching soil test specimen mounting groove (10) is less than homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) thickness；
The single-chip microcomputer mounting groove (11) is arranged on the bearing of buncher (4) axostylus axostyle and homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) centre bore,
The single-chip microcomputer mounting groove (11) is rectangle.
2. a kind of measuring and calculation method of the tangential adhesion friction power of centrifugal soil, is comprised the following steps that：
First, the radius of homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) is set as R0, wherein 0.1m ＜ R0＜ 1m, thickness is h0, wherein 0 ＜ h0＜
0.05m, single-chip microcomputer mounting groove (11) long wide scope is l1＜ 0.04m, b1＜ 0.04m, depth h1＜ 0.01m；
It is R that tactile native test specimen mounting groove (10) is arranged on into homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) edge far from homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) centeriAway from
From place, wherein 0 ＜ Ri＜ R0, the length and width size range for touching soil test specimen mounting groove (10) is respectively l2≤0.05m,b2≤ 0.05m,
Depth h2＜ 0.01m；
2nd, homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) is driven to make uniform speed rotation with the rotating speed more than 30r/min using buncher (4),
Apart from homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) center RiThe position at place is fixed one on homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) and touched in some way
Native test specimen (8), the thickness for touching soil test specimen mounting groove (10) is less than the thickness for touching native test specimen, allows tested soil with natural or compacting
State by can the shape of calculating contact area uniformly spread over and touch native test specimen upper surface, start buncher (4), then soil exists
Touch soil surface of test piece and act as uniform speed rotation with homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) one, by controlling the rotating speed of buncher (4), allow
Buncher (4) is rotated in the way of certain speedup, when rotating speed reaches niR/min when, wherein ni＞ 30r/min, soil from
Touch the tangential direction circumferentially moved on soil test specimen and depart from tactile native test specimen moment, the rotating speed of record buncher (4) is then tested
Tangential adhesion friction power between the corresponding tactile native test specimen of soil can be by formula：Calculating is obtained, in formula：
FτfTo be tested soil and touching the tangential adhesion friction power between native test specimen, unit：N；
M is the measurement of tested soil, and fixed, unit can be measured by electronic scale essence：kg；
RiThe distance between center and disc centre to touch native test specimen, unit：m；
niFor the rotating speed of motor, unit：r/min.
3. a kind of centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The material of the homogeneous rotating circular disk (1) is lucite or steel part.
4. a kind of centrifugal tangential adhesion friction force test device of soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Buncher (4) the range of speeds upper limit be 10000r/min.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107340231A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-10 | 河北科技大学 | A kind of centrifugal micro-ox level insect frictional force on air real time test system and method for testing |
| CN109765177A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-17 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of paddy field soil sticks force measuring instrument |
| CN110579302A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-17 | 米兰 | Centrifugal force type object maximum tension detection device |
| CN112556555A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-26 | 湘潭大学 | Measuring device and measuring method for bulge degree of square lithium ion battery |
| CN116973018A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-31 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Novel continuous surface shear force optical measurement method |
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| CN104374692A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Testing method for adhesion between asphalt concrete and asphalt concrete surface ice layer |
| CN206710007U (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-12-05 | 吉林大学 | A kind of tangential adhesion friction force test device of centrifugal soil |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107340231A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-11-10 | 河北科技大学 | A kind of centrifugal micro-ox level insect frictional force on air real time test system and method for testing |
| CN107340231B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2024-03-26 | 河北科技大学 | Online real-time testing system and testing method for friction force of centrifugal micro-cow-level insects |
| CN109765177A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-17 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of paddy field soil sticks force measuring instrument |
| CN110579302A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-17 | 米兰 | Centrifugal force type object maximum tension detection device |
| CN110579302B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-08-03 | 泰州亚泰金属有限公司 | Centrifugal force type object maximum tension detection device |
| CN112556555A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-26 | 湘潭大学 | Measuring device and measuring method for bulge degree of square lithium ion battery |
| CN112556555B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-10-29 | 湘潭大学 | Measuring device and measuring method for bulge degree of square lithium ion battery |
| CN116973018A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-10-31 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Novel continuous surface shear force optical measurement method |
| CN116973018B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-05 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Optical measurement method for continuous surface shear force |
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