CN106972474A - A kind of over-pressed protection module and electrical equipment - Google Patents
A kind of over-pressed protection module and electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106972474A CN106972474A CN201710247234.XA CN201710247234A CN106972474A CN 106972474 A CN106972474 A CN 106972474A CN 201710247234 A CN201710247234 A CN 201710247234A CN 106972474 A CN106972474 A CN 106972474A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/044—Physical layout, materials not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
A kind of over-pressed protection module and electrical equipment, over-pressed protection module include the thermistor of solid discharging tube, piezo-resistance and positive temperature coefficient, wherein：The electrode of the electrode of the first surface of the thermistor valve block and the first surface of the varistor valve is electrically connected the output pin to form module, the electrode of the second surface of the thermistor valve block as module input pin, the second surface of the first electrode of the solid discharging tube and the varistor valve is electrically connected, the second electrode of the solid discharging tube as module common pin.This protection module has abandoned traditional intrinsic simple piezo-resistance lightning protection thinking, limitation of the maximum working voltage to piezo-resistance operation voltage is breached using the thinking of new " clamps " and " switching device " hybrid protective, thunderbolt residual voltage is significantly reduced, the circuit sensitive to rear class provides the protection level of fully safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power supply overvoltage protection technical field, more particularly to a kind of over-pressed protection module and electrical equipment.
Background technology
Thunderbolt overvoltage is often invaded the power supply of equipment in the way of cable conduction or electromagnetic induction by low-voltage power supply cable
Port, causes over-voltage and over-current to impact the component of power unit, therefore the power port of nearly all electrical equipment is all taken
A certain degree of lightning protection measures, resist the threat of this thunderbolt overvoltage.Most typical lightning protection measures are using a zinc oxide
Piezo-resistance (Metal Oxide Varistor, hereinafter referred to as：MOV power port two ends) are connected in parallel on, to bypass thunder-strike current of releasing,
Suppress the rise of thunderbolt voltage using the non-linear I-V characteristic of piezo-resistance simultaneously, protect the component of power port.This letter
Single Lightning Protection is applicable for most equipment, safety, but not all devices can be using so simple
Lightning Protection because the different power supply type of circuit topological structure is widely different to the tolerance level of transient overvoltage, such as take
Disappeared high-voltage energy storage capacitor various voltage raising and reducing circuits it is just quite sensitive to thunderbolt overvoltage, it is necessary to using complexity two-stage even
Three-level lightning protection circuit effectively suppresses residual voltage of being struck by lightning.
Traditional lightning protection circuit is protected only with the clamper type lightning protection component (i.e. piezo-resistance) of single kind, due to
Requirement and limitation of the direct current operation voltage of piezo-resistance by the maximum working voltage of equipment, it is impossible to arbitrarily reduction, therefore reduction
The unique channel for residual voltage of being struck by lightning is exactly the thunder-strike current density for reducing piezo-resistance, such as increases diameter or the increasing of piezo-resistance
Plus the series of lightning Protection circuit, the thunder-strike current density of final stage piezo-resistance can be reduced.But, to same action voltage
Piezo-resistance for, even if Ф 10 piezo-resistance to be replaced with to Ф 20 piezo-resistance, its thunder-strike current density is also only
4~5 times of difference (i.e. 4~5 times of the silver-colored area of piezo-resistance brush that the silver-colored area of brush of Ф 20 piezo-resistance is about Ф 10), it is this
The thunderbolt residual voltage difference very little that thunder-strike current difference is brought.Such as 3KV 1.2/50uS is struck by lightning voltage in the pressure-sensitive of 10D51IK
The dash current density about 2KA/cm formed on resistance2, thunderbolt residual voltage is about 1000Vp；If 10D511K be replaced by
20D511K, then dash current density be reduced to 500A/cm2, thunderbolt residual voltage will be 800Vp, that is to say, that even if by piezo-resistance
Valve block diameter increase 1 times, thunderbolt residual voltage can only also reduce about 20%.Therefore only the thunder-strike current of reduction piezo-resistance is close
Degree, can not significantly reduce thunderbolt residual voltage.
Restricted by the maximum working voltage of equipment, the direct current operation voltage of the piezo-resistance in traditional schemes of prevention against lightning can not
Arbitrarily reduction, is 220V for declared working condition conditionACFor ± 30% equipment, the operation voltage of lightning protection piezo-resistance needs greatly
In 490VDC, generally 510V is selected in practical applicationDCThe piezo-resistance of operation voltage carries out lightning protection, to conventional small-sized pressure-sensitive electricity
Resistance 10D511K (i.e. a diameter of 10mm pressure sensitive voltages be 510VDC) is tested, its residual voltage level under different thunder-strike currents
It is as shown in the table：
Test shows above, using traditional simple piezo-resistance lightning Protection Design, that is, allows to final stage piezo-resistance
Thunder-strike current be suppressed to 50~100A level, its residual voltage of being struck by lightning can also reach 800Vp level above, and thunderbolt residual voltage ratio exists
1.6~2.0 level.It can be seen that the scheme of the simple piezo-resistance lightning protection of traditional dependence, the factor maximum to thunderbolt residual voltage restriction
It is exactly the operation voltage of piezo-resistance.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at provide a kind of over-pressed protection module, it is intended to solves traditional piezo-resistance lightning Protection Design scheme
The problem of opposition contradiction that insurmountable piezo-resistance leakage current is bigger than normal and piezo-resistance output residual voltage is higher.
The invention provides a kind of over-pressed protection module, include the heat of solid discharging tube, piezo-resistance and positive temperature coefficient
The valve block of quick resistance, the valve block of the thermistor and the piezo-resistance is respectively provided with two relative surface electrodes, wherein：
The first surface electrode of the thermistor valve block is led with the first surface electrode of the varistor valve with height
Thermal conductivity isoelectric substance is electrically connected, and draws the output pin of module；The second surface electrode of the thermistor valve block is used as mould
The input pin of block；The first electrode of the solid discharging tube and the second surface electrode of the varistor valve electrically connect
Connect, the second electrode of the solid discharging tube as module common pin.
Preferably, in addition to a capacitor, the capacitor is connected with the piezo-resistance parallel coupled electrical.
In one embodiment, in addition to high heat conduction encapsulated layer, the high heat conduction encapsulated layer is by the solid discharging tube, pressure
In quick resistance and thermistor are encapsulated in.
Preferably, the first electrode of the solid discharging tube and the second surface electrode of the varistor valve electrically connect
Connect, and the solid discharging tube is close to the second surface electrode of the varistor valve.
In another embodiment, in addition to high heat conduction encapsulated layer and a metal extraction electrode, the high heat conduction encapsulated layer
The piezo-resistance and thermistor are encapsulated in interior, the second surface of the metal extraction electrode and the varistor valve
Electrode is electrically connected and at least partly exposes to the high heat conduction encapsulated layer.
Preferably, the first electrode of the solid discharging tube and the exposed parts of the metal extraction electrode are electrically connected.
Preferably, the high heat conduction encapsulated layer is silicone resin layer.
Preferably, the output pin is located at the first surface electrode and the piezo-resistance valve of the thermistor valve block
Part between the first surface electrode of piece is flat.
Preferably, the solid discharging tube is that TSS manages (Thyristor Surge Suppressor, voltage switch type wink
State suppresses diode).
Present invention also offers a kind of electrical equipment, with live wire input terminal, zero line input terminal and load circuit, bag
Above-mentioned over-pressed protection module is included, wherein, input pin, output pin and the common pin of the over-pressed protection module are sequentially divided
It is not electrically connected with the live wire input terminal, load circuit and zero line input terminal.
Above-mentioned over-pressed protection module abandons intrinsic traditional lightning protection thinking, using new " clamps " and " derailing switch
The thinking of part " hybrid protective, breaches limitation of the maximum working voltage to piezo-resistance operation voltage, and effectively reduction thunderbolt is residual
Pressure, the circuit sensitive to rear class provides the protection level of fully safety.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the application schematic diagram of over-pressed protection module in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram of over-pressed protection module in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of over-pressed protection module in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of over-pressed protection module in second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is " piezo-resistance+discharge tube " mixed type lightning protection circuit structure chart in first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is TSS pipe VA characteristic curve figures；
Fig. 7 is the circuit structure diagram of over-pressed protection module in second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order that technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Drawings and Examples, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the over-pressed protection module 10 in preferably embodiment, it can be applicable to AC electric equipment
On, it is generally located between the power port of electrical equipment (not shown) (not shown) backend load circuit 50, to load circuit
50 carry out overvoltage protection.Input pin 11 of the over-pressed protection module 10 with electrical power source port live wire input terminal Li,
The output pin 12 of electrical connected load circuit 50 and connection power port zero line input terminal N common pin 13.
Specifically, Fig. 2 and 3 are referred to, over-pressed protection module 10 includes positive temperature coefficient (Positive Temperature
Coefficient, PTC) thermistor 14, piezo-resistance 15 and solid discharging tube 16, the valve block of thermistor 14 has two
Individual relative surface, and two electrodes are drawn respectively from two relative surfaces；The valve block of piezo-resistance 15 also has two phases
To surface, and also draw two electrodes respectively from two relative surfaces.
Wherein, the first surface electrode of the valve block of thermistor 14 is close to simultaneously with the first surface electrode of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15
It is electrically connected with high heat-conductivity conducting material, and draws the output pin 12 of module 10, output pin 12 is metal electrode, itself and heat
The first surface electrode of the quick valve block of resistance 14 and/or the first surface electrode welding of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15, wherein high heat conduction thing
Matter 17 is high silver content tin cream, such as silver content more than 3.5%.The second surface electrode of the valve block of thermistor 14 is used as module 10
Input pin 11, it can draw metal electrode, can also be not brought up；The first electrode of solid discharging tube 16 and piezo-resistance 15
The second surface electrical connection (as weld) of valve block, the second electrode of solid discharging tube 16 as module 10 common pin 13,
It can draw metal electrode, can also be not brought up.Form " the three-in-one composite protective module " of three pins.
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, over-pressed protection module 10 utilizes high heat conduction sealing resin by solid discharging tube
16th, in piezo-resistance 15 and thermistor 14 are encapsulated in so that outside input pin 11, output pin 12 and the part of common pin 13
Dew.In this way, " the three-in-one composite protective module " of total incapsulation is by thermistor 14, piezo-resistance 15 and solid discharging tube 16 3
Element is welded and encapsulated together back-to-back, heat is quickly conducted between three elements, and three elements form one
The individual entirety for absorbing heat, its " equivalent thermal capacity " is increased substantially for discrete component, therefore overvoltage is anti-
The ability that shield module 10 absorbs thunderbolt pulse energy is effectively strengthened.Under the thunderbolt impulse action of large energy, if mistake
The operating temperature that the energy that pressure protection module 10 absorbs makes its temperature exceed thermistor 14, the resistance of the meeting of thermistor 14
Can also quickly it increase, the automatic pulse current for suppressing over-pressed protection module 10 is pressed down the thunderbolt temperature rise of over-pressed protection module 10
System also corresponds to enhance the pulse energy tolerance level of thunder strike circuit within relatively low safe temperature range.
In the embodiment, the first electrode 161 of solid discharging tube 16 and the second surface electrode electricity of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15
Gas is connected, the connected mode specifically welded.And solid discharging tube 16 is close to the second surface of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 electrically,
Resin filling is entered if having gap between the two, heat conduction efficiency between the two is improved.
Preferably, the surface electrode of the surface electrode of the valve block of thermistor 14 and the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 is by silver coating shape
Into for improving heat transfer and electrical efficiency.In addition, being similarly raising heat conduction efficiency, the surface of the valve block of thermistor 14
The surface electrode of electrode and the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 is opposite just to setting.For further shorten heat and conductive conduction time and
Path, output pin 12 is located at the first surface electricity of the first surface electrode and the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 of the valve block of thermistor 14
Part between pole is set to flat, to shorten the distance between two valve blocks；It is of course also possible to which output pin 12 is overall
It is set to flat.
In another embodiment, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 are referred to, to solid discharging tube 16 without encapsulating, is individually shifted out
It is electrically connected as independent individual with " the pressure-sensitive composite component of temperature-sensitive ", " the three-in-one composite protective mould of part encapsulating
Block ", can also reach the close function of the composite protective module that three elements weld together back-to-back.In this way, the present embodiment
In, an in addition to metal extraction electrode 151, in piezo-resistance 15 and thermistor 14 are encapsulated in by high heat conduction encapsulated layer 18, gold
The second surface electrode for belonging to extraction electrode 151 and the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 is electrically connected, and at least partly exposes to high heat conduction bag
Sealing 18, treats that the first electrode 161 with solid discharging tube 16 is electrically connected.It should be noted that " the pressure-sensitive composite component of temperature-sensitive "
The application circuit being electrically connected after being separated with solid discharging tube 16, the type selecting of its operation principle even component all with
" three-in-one composite protective module " is mutually similar, therefore still belongs to the protection domain of this patent.In this way, over-pressed in this embodiment
Protection module 10, the electrode welding that the first electrode of solid discharging tube 16 is drawn with the second surface of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15.
Hereinafter, labor explanation will be carried out to the operation principle of over-pressed protection module 10.
Traditional lightning protection circuit uses single clamper type piezo-resistance lightning protection component, it is impossible to solve piezo-resistance leakage current inclined
The higher opposition contradiction of residual voltage is exported with piezo-resistance greatly, it is necessary to insertion switch type lightning protection component, composition " pincers as shown in Figure 5
The mixed type lightning protection circuit structure of bit unit series switching devices ", could have on the basis of piezo-resistance inherently safe is ensured
Effect ground reduction thunderbolt output residual voltage, reliable lightning Protection level is provided to by protection circuit.
Hybrid protective circuit shown in Fig. 5 is after switching device Z1 is sealed in, clamper pressure cell (i.e. piezo-resistance) MOV
The operation voltage of (hereinafter referred to as MOV) can do reduction by a relatively large margin, and hybrid circuit thunderbolt residual voltage is greatly lowered to reach
Design object；, can be with order to ensure the amplitude of the power frequency tolerance level of lightning protection circuit is not reduced, and is reduced MOV operation voltages
Compensated with the switching device Z1 of series connection " blocking voltage ", as long as ensureing that " clamper pressure cell operation voltage " adds " switch
Device blocking voltage " sum is more than default " peak value of maximum continuous work exchange voltage ", it is possible to reach the power frequency of setting
Voltage tolerance level, meets the design mesh of " thunderbolt residual voltage is greatly reduced in the case where not reducing maximum continuous operating voltage "
Mark.
But while clamper pressure cell operation voltage is significantly dropped, the power frequency continued flow of circuit threatens risk also to increase simultaneously
Greatly, the key of both relation of balance is the determination of switching device Z1 type selecting and its parameter, because switching device Z1 volt
Peace characteristic determines many security parameters of hybrid circuit, such as discreteness of direct current operation voltage, the tolerance of maximum power-frequency voltage
Level, thunderbolt follow breaking time of power frequency continued flow etc..If using the switching mode lightning protection component gas-discharge tube that tradition is common
(GDT, Gas Discharge Tube) is used as series element, it will the stability even security to hybrid circuit is caused seriously
Influence because the discreteness of the several characterisitic parameters of GDT is too big, such as：The direct current operation voltage discreteness very big, ripple of glow voltage
Dynamic amplitude is very big, the switching current of aura and arc light is unstable, gas returns to time uncertainty of inert condition etc., makes
GDT does not have suitable for application in the mixed type lightning protection circuit structure of " clamp members series switching devices " to reduction thunderbolt residual voltage
There is too big help.
In addition, there is one kind to be commonly called as the semiconductor discharge tube of " solid discharging tube " in over-pressed protective device, such as TSS pipes are
A kind of switching device for characteristic of being turned back with negative resistance, possesses excellent switch overflow performance, its VA characteristic curve such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show.
" V of the TSS pipes with quite stableDRMBlocking voltage " parameter, this characteristic is allowed to be used in series it with piezo-resistance
Afterwards, both series direct current operation voltages have stably and controllable characteristic, and this characteristic is that series mixing circuit is safe and reliable
Important leverage.And the direct current operation voltage of conventional lightning protection GDT pipes is generally put in the range of ± the 20% of its nominal operation voltage
Dynamic, discreteness is too big, it is impossible to ensure the stability of the operation voltage after being connected with piezo-resistance.
Another important parameter " I of TSS pipesSThe numerical value of conducting trigger current " it is larger (generally reach 600~
800mA), this characteristic further ensure " MOV connects stability of the TSS " hybrid circuits to power network power-frequency voltage tolerance value,
Because under the conditions of nominal situation, power network power-frequency voltage either passes through MOV equivalent parallel electric capacity (generally in 0.1~10nF)
Or MOV itself leakage current can not all form 500mA so big continuous power currents, and TSS pipes can not naturally entered and " leads
Logical state ", has ensured the stability without series mixing circuit under thunderbolt state.And " glow current " numerical value of traditional GDT pipes
What very little (generally only 0.1~10mA), equivalent capacity of the power network by MOV or the leakage current by MOV itself were formed
Power current amplitude, it is possible to which unexpected triggering GDT pipes enter " aura state ", and then make GDT pipes fast transition to fully on
" arc light state " formation is continuous, the power current that can not extinguish, therefore " MOV series connection GDT " hybrid circuit is in power network electricity
Extremely unstable working condition is under compression, it is impossible to ensure the stability and security of protection circuit itself.
The turn-off characteristic of " current over-zero be shut-off " of TSS pipes TSS pipes effectively to interdict to follow in thunderbolt pulse
Power frequency afterwards continues electric current.Thunderbolt overvoltage pulse and grid stress double action under TSS pipes enter " conducting state " and
The power frequency continued flow followed is formd, because the alternating characteristics of power network power-frequency voltage cause power frequency continued flow to be bound to half of power frequency week
Zero-current point is passed through in phase, horse back is returned to " cut-off state " by the TSS pipes after " zero passage ", as long as next power-frequency voltage
Peak value is less than " MOV operation voltages and TSS pipe blocking voltages sum ", and TSS pipes will maintain blocking state, therefore thunderbolt arteries and veins always
Punching formed power frequency continued flow duration is not over 10 milliseconds.As long as the parameter type selecting of MOV and TSS pipes is proper, work
The amplitude of frequency afterflow is controllable, and the temperature rise produced in the 10mS times is also unlikely to that MOV valve block is caused with TSS pipes to damage.
And GDT pipes are in the absence of the characteristic of " electric current zero just recover blocking state " of similar TSS pipes, GDT pipes recover blocking state when
Between it is very uncertain, because returning to inertia by thunderbolt ionized gas in its pipe, the time of state of insulation does not ensure, test is frequent
It was found that, after pulse of being struck by lightning within certain time, the gas in GDT pipes also in faint aura ionized state, if under
One power network crest voltage higher than " MOV operation voltages and GDT pipe glow voltages sum ", then GDT pipes will by line voltage after
Continue triggering, power frequency continued flow will be unable to extinguish, MOV valve blocks and GDT pipes will be all among excess temperature danger, therefore in the design
GDT pipes can not replace TSS to manage.
But TSS pipes are intended only as over-pressed protective device and applied in FPDP for a long time, FPDP is not exchanged
Electrical potential difference, power current problem, and the thunder-strike current ballistic throw of FPDP in most cases are followed in the absence of after thunderbolt
Degree is little, thus the thunderbolt current levels and the resistance to flow horizontal of power frequency of the TSS pipes commonly used are not high, such as packing forms are SMC's
Solid discharging tube, its 8/20uS waveform thunderbolt through-current capability is less than 500A, and continuous power frequency through-current capability is typically smaller than 20A.If
TSS pipes are simply applied to AC power port, TSS pipes are easy to by thunder-strike current or power current puncture short, because
This must fully assess the security feature of TSS pipes again.
TSS pipes are applied to power port, it is necessary to solve two problems in advance：One is that the peak value for reducing thunder-strike current is allowed to
Fall within the thunder-strike current tolerance range of conventional TSS pipes；Two be that the amplitude for reducing power network power frequency continued flow is allowed in conventional TSS
Within the tolerance range of pipe.The two problems are only solved, traditional TSS pipes are only possible to safely be applied to power port.
The reliable blocking of power frequency continued flow how is solved the problems, such as, is the key factor that this Novel lightning-proof designs circuit feasibility.
It can see from analysis above, want greatly to reduce thunderbolt residual voltage, pressure must be just greatly reduced
The operation voltage of quick resistance, using the piezo-resistance of relatively low operation voltage just determine thunderbolt be followed by power frequency continued flow can not
Avoid；And under the working condition more than its maximum working voltage, the amplitude of produced power current also can be higher.Both
The generation of right power frequency continued flow be it is inevitable, and power current amplitude be also impossible to it is very low, then protection piezo-resistance
Unique channel with TSS pipes is exactly to consider how to shorten power current duration, is damaged in piezo-resistance with TSS pipes by high temperature
Power network power frequency continued flow is rapidly switched off before bad.The function of this high temperature cut-off current is realized, most suitable element is exactly PTC
(Positive Temperature Coefficient, positive temperature coefficient) thermistor.As can be seen here, in above-described embodiment
Solid discharging tube optional TSS pipes, or other similar natures solid discharging tube.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the temperature to piezo-resistance 15 is detected and carries out most having for high temperature cut-out to power network current
Effect means, exactly print silver-colored valve block by the thermistor 14 with ptc characteristics and print silver-colored valve block with piezo-resistance 15 and directly carry on the back
Weld together backrest.Ensure that heat can efficiently conduct between two ceramic valve plates, make varistor and thermovalve
Piece one unified accumulation of heat of formation is overall, allows temperature-sensitive valve block effectively perceive and following the temperature change of varistor, in temperature
It is raised to after default control warm area (such as 200~300 DEG C), using the resistance nonlinear transitions characteristic of temperature-sensitive valve block, makes electricity
Net is supplied to the power current of piezo-resistance 15 to drastically reduce to the level of security of milliampere rank, prevent varistor temperature after
It is continuous to rise, so as to prevent the temperature of varistor from entering the destructive warm area (generally at 500~600 DEG C) of danger, pressure sensitive valve
Piece has just obtained effective Thermal protection.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are referred to, the valve block of the valve block of thermistor 14 and piezo-resistance 15 is fit together weldering back-to-back
Connect, with regard to constituting " the pressure-sensitive composite component of temperature-sensitive " that is commonly called as." the pressure-sensitive composite component of temperature-sensitive " is cascaded with TSS pipes, with regard to shape
Into " the pressure-sensitive compound low residual voltage lightning protection circuit of temperature-sensitive " as shown in Figure 3.
The PTC thermistor at initial stage produced in power current 14 does not reach its Curie temperature (being commonly called as " operating temperature ") also,
Its resistance value is maintained near normal temperature resistance, and the Joule heat that power current is produced on varistor is EV=∫ uidt, power frequency electric
It is E to flow the Joule heat produced on thermistor 14R=∫ i2Rdt.Because piezo-resistance 15 belongs to nonlinear device, actually flow through
The electric current i of temperature-sensitive and piezo-resistance 15 is not the sine-wave current of rule, thus the actual Joule energy produced preferably by
The voltage x current sampled data of digital oscilloscope carries out convolutional calculation.Exemplified by the circuit of figure 3 above, if the value of thermistor 14
10 Ω, operation voltage value 240VDC, the TSS pipe nominal voltage value 150VDC of piezo-resistance 15, apply to this circuit
320VAC power-frequency voltage, captures thermistor 14 and the respective voltage waveform data of piezo-resistance 15 and flows through both electricity
Wave data is flowed, calculating is integrated to Joule heat of the piezo-resistance 15 in 10mS respectively, E is obtainedV=6J, ER=1J, anti-mistake
Both heating electric power P are obtained to calculateV=600W, PR=100W.
It can be seen that same electric current electrical power produced on thermistor 14 and piezo-resistance 15 has huge difference
Different, the electrical power of piezo-resistance 15 is almost 6 times of thermistor 14, it is meant that the temperature rate-of-rise of piezo-resistance 15 than
Thermistor 14 is faster, if temperature-sensitive valve block is belonging respectively to two independent elements with varistor, is not present between the two
Thermal coupling, it is contemplated that when the temperature of piezo-resistance 15 reaches the invalid temperature of zinc oxide grain, thermistor 14
Temperature does not reach its effective high value warm area also, it is impossible to quick inhibitory action is formed to power network current, it is seen that the temperature-sensitive of separation
Resistance 14 can not protect the piezo-resistance 15 that power current flows through.
Only when two valve blocks of thermistor 14 and piezo-resistance 15 be welded into back-to-back an accumulation of heat it is overall when
Wait, the heat of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 can quickly be conducted to the valve block of thermistor 14, even if both electrical power difference
Very big, the temperature of the valve block of thermistor 14 still can quickly follow the rate of rise in temperature of the valve block of piezo-resistance 15, because
Temperature rising for the valve block of thermistor 14 eliminates the reliance on simple power current heating effect, and two be to rely primarily on pressure-sensitive electricity
Hinder the direct heat transfer of 15 valve blocks and rise to produce temperature, therefore when the valve block temperature of piezo-resistance 15 crosses 200 DEG C,
The temperature of the valve block of thermistor 14 also quickly reaches 200 DEG C.In this warm area, the resistance of thermistor 14 has reached hundreds of
K Ω level, power network can also be reduced to several milliamperes by the power current of thermistor 14 and the formation of the loop of piezo-resistance 15
Electrical power produced by level, this faint electric current only has 1W or so, already close to heat consumption aproll of the protection module to air
Put down, therefore the temperature of protection module is maintained near 200 DEG C, is not continued to rise, be efficiently avoid module and reach pressure-sensitive electricity
Hinder the destruction warm area of 15 crystal grain (more than 300 DEG C).
Heat transfer has a delayed time in practical application, and the length of this lag time depends on heat in two valves
The resistance (being commonly called as " thermal resistance ") conducted between piece.Welding material and weld horizontal height between the size of " thermal resistance " and two valve blocks
It is related, it is necessary to increase the contact area of two valve blocks as much as possible and using the more preferable electrode material of heat conductivility and welding material
Material, so as to improve tolerance level of the composite protective module to power current.
Except " thermal resistance " factor, " equivalent thermal capacity " parameter of thermistor 14 and the valve block of piezo-resistance 15 is also design
The key parameter of " the pressure-sensitive multiple device of temperature-sensitive ".The equivalent thermal capacity of the valve block of thermistor 14 is also known as " action thermal capacity ", refers to
It is that the resistance value of thermistor 14 rises to its Curie temperature T for 25 DEG C from normal temperatureCThe energy absorbed.The valve block of piezo-resistance 15
" maximum thermal capacity " then refers to that varistor temperature rises to the energy that its damage temperature is absorbed for 25 DEG C from normal temperature.Due to two
The presence of " thermal resistance " between individual valve block, the valve block of thermistor 14 follows lag time to keep away to the valve block temperature of piezo-resistance 15
Exist with exempting from, this factor is the key factor for influenceing " hot pressing multiple device " to impact security to amplitude power current.For
The risk that reduction varistor is burnt by power current, it is necessary to increase " the maximum thermal capacity " of varistor, together as much as possible
When reduce " the action thermal capacity " of temperature-sensitive valve block as far as possible, " actuation time " of the valve block of thermistor 14 is much smaller than pressure sensitive valve
" burn through time " of piece, it is ensured that the security under power frequency dash current as defined in multiple device possesses certain allowance.
Because heat freely can quickly conduct between three parts of module, (heat of TSS pipes is first conducted to pressure-sensitive
Valve block, is then conducted to temperature-sensitive valve block again), therefore temperature-sensitive valve block can perceive and follow varistor and the temperature of TSS pipes
Situation of change, as long as the thermistor 14 of selection appropriate action thermal capacity, thermistor 14 can just give varistor and TSS
Pipe provides the overheat protector of safety, effectively prevents power current to varistor and the high temperature failure of TSS pipes, it is ensured that protection module
The safety of itself.
The barrier propterty that " the three-in-one composite protective module " of total incapsulation possesses：
If carrying out Selection and Design according to working condition (220VAC ± 30%, the horizontal 3KV_1.2/50uS of lightning Protection),
It can determine that the parameter difference of " three-in-one " compound lightning-protection module various components inside is as follows：
Thermistor：R25=10 Ω ± 10%, TC=110 DEG C, valve block diameter 8mm, throttle slice thickness 3mm；
Piezo-resistance：UV=240VDC± 10%, valve block diameter 10mm, throttle slice thickness 1.2mm；
TSS is managed：Nominal operation voltage 180VDC± 10%, nominal 8/20uS discharge currents 400A.
The protection module sample progress 3KV_1.2/50uS lightning tests encapsulated will be welded (while applying to module
300VAC maximum operations power-frequency voltage)：
1st, plus 300VAC alternating currents, thunderbolt impacts are carried out in 90 ° of voltage sine wave and 270 ° of angles, thunderbolt residual voltage is such as
Under：
Thunderbolt residual voltage：Uo1<600Vp (wave head peak voltage, t<1uS)
Thunderbolt residual voltage：Uo2<480Vp (terrace part voltage, t>1uS)
Follow current interrupt situation：Power frequency continued flow is held time less than 10mS after pulse.
2nd, apply 440VAC/5A simulating grid power-frequency overvoltage between 1,3 pin in module, test protection module 2,3
Output voltage amplitude between pin, as a result for：Uop<460Vp.
From test data, " three-in-one " lightning-protection module does not produce lasting power frequency continued flow electricity after pulse of being struck by lightning
Stream, can meet 300VAC maximum operation grid conditions.But the residual voltage of wave head spike is higher, although wave head pulsewidth is very narrow
(only 0.2uS), but can still threat be produced to late-class circuit.
Improved " three-in-one " protection module：
In further embodiment, referring to Fig. 7, the thunderbolt ripple that over-pressed protection module 10 is produced in lightning test
The over-pressed spike of head is caused by the operation voltage of solid discharging tube 16 and the clamp voltage of piezo-resistance 15 are while be superimposed, in order to disappear
Except the overvoltage of this wave head spike, it is necessary to which allowing the leading triggering and conducting of solid discharging tube 16 and makes its two ends pressure drop as little as 5VDC, Ran Houzai
Open the progress thunder-strike current of piezo-resistance 15 to release, the wave head trigger voltage (about 200Vp) of such solid discharging tube 16 would not
Occur to be superimposed simultaneously with the clamp voltage of piezo-resistance 15.
Over-pressed protection module 10 utilizes the wave head that is struck by lightning by way of in the two ends high-voltage capacitors connected in parallel 19 of piezo-resistance 15
The characteristics of rising steepness is higher, makes the trigger current (about 0.8Ap) of solid discharging tube 16 be provided by electric capacity 19, it is to avoid solid discharge
The trigger current of pipe 16 flows through piezo-resistance 15 and produces synergistic effect, reaches the effect for eliminating thunderbolt wave head spike.
In the present embodiment, the preferred TSS of solid discharging tube 16 pipes.The value of electric capacity 19 will be selected with caution, it is to avoid capacity is too small
So that enough pulse currents can not be provided to trigger TSS pipes, while also to avoid excessive capacity from making normal 300VAC
Power-frequency voltage surprisingly triggers TSS pipes.
In addition, in the case that over-pressed protection module 10 is total incapsulation " three-in-one composite protective module ", electric capacity 19 can be with
It is encapsulated in using high heat conduction encapsulating resin interior.Over-pressed protection module 10 is the feelings of part encapsulating " three-in-one composite protective module "
Under condition, electric capacity 19 can be encapsulated in interior using high heat conduction encapsulating resin or is independently separately provided outside.
Improved " three-in-one " lightning-protection module is carried out into same thunderbolt shock-testing again to test with power frequency overvoltage, as a result
It is as follows：
1st, plus 300VAC alternating currents, thunderbolt impacts are carried out in 90 ° of voltage sine wave and 270 ° of angles, it is as a result as follows：
Thunderbolt residual voltage：Uo<500Vp (random time), power frequency continued flow is held time less than 10mS after pulse.
2nd, 440VAC/5A simulating grid power-frequency overvoltage, test protection are applied between 1,3 pin in composite protective module
Output voltage amplitude between module 2,3 pin, as a result for：Uop<460Vp.
It can see by test result above, 300V reached in Operating VoltageACIn the case of, this patent design
The 3KV thunderbolts residual voltage of " three-in-one " lightning-protection module is very low, only 500Vp, and thunderbolt residual voltage is only than power network crest voltage 420Vp
About 80Vp is higher by, i.e., " residual voltage ratio " is only 1.2, as real " lightning-protection module of ultra-low residual pressure ".And in traditional lightning protection side
In case, if protected using single 10D511K piezo-resistance 15, its 3KV thunderbolts residual voltage will be up to 1100Vp, be struck by lightning residual
Pressure ratio reaches 2.2.It can be seen that the protection module of this patent design is highly effective in terms of reduction thunderbolt residual voltage, prevent relative to traditional
Thunder and lightning road, the thunderbolt residual voltage of " three-in-one " compound protection module reduces 45%, with obvious performance advantage.
The further advantage of over-pressed protection module in this patent：
1st, over-pressed protection module can be provided " the continuing power frequency overvoltage protection " of safety to equipment.
So-called " lasting power frequency overvoltage " refers to that supply voltage (such as zero line missing, single-phase connects for some reason
Earth fault, wiring error, power network itself fluctuation etc.) rise of the voltage that causes makes voltage magnitude continue to exceed equipment maximum operation electricity
The phenomenon of pressure.Prolonged power frequency overvoltage will cause the damage that can not recover to device power supply (DPS), especially to work in power circuit
Two parts of frequency overvoltage quite sensitivity：Lightning protection circuit piezo-resistance 15 and high-voltage energy storage electrochemical capacitor.
For considering for reduction thunderbolt residual voltage, in traditional simple piezo-resistance Lightning Protection, the action electricity of piezo-resistance
Press peak value of the value mostly just than equipment maximum working voltage high by 10~20%, when the voltage pulsation amplitude of power network is super for a long time
When crossing+the 30% of its maximum working voltage, the piezo-resistance of lightning protection circuit will enter the active region that electric current is tens milliamperes,
Under the heat effect of this electric current, it is only necessary to the time of 30 seconds to 1 minute or so, piezo-resistance will produce excess temperature short circuit mistake
Effect, may then smolder on fire burst.
The DC break down voltage for the high-voltage energy storage capacitor commonly used in the equipment of single phase power supply is two kinds of rule of 400VDC and 450VDC
Lattice, if power network power-frequency voltage continues to exceed+the 30% of the maximum working voltage of equipment, the voltage after rectification will be exceeded well over
500VDC, makes the leakage of high-voltage aluminium electrolysis capacitance valve opening or even blast.
Traditional lightning protection circuit does not possess the rejection ability of continuous power frequency overvoltage.And this patent design is " three-in-one compound
Protection module ", as long as suitably choosing the direct current operation voltage parameter of varistor and TSS pipes, make both direct current operation voltages it
With less than 430VDC, it is possible to when power network crest voltage is more than 430VDC, triggering TSS pipe with varistor flows through power frequency
Electric current, the heat produced by both is directly heated to temperature-sensitive valve block, the resistance rapid transition of temperature-sensitive valve block is turned to height
Resistance value state, now the output power-frequency voltage of module is effectively suppressed exports in below 450VDC, to protect behind rectifier
450VDC high-voltage aluminium electrolysis capacitances, while composite protective module itself will not also produce damage, when power network power-frequency overvoltage failure
After exclusion, the cool time of 2~3 minutes is only needed, composite protective module can return to normal working condition again.
It can be seen that utilizing " three-in-one composite protective module ", accurately operation voltage characteristic can suppress power network power-frequency overvoltage
Output voltage amplitude, the damage of the sensitive components of effective protection equipment from power network fluctuation.
2nd, over-pressed protection module is resistant to the transient overvoltage TOV of longer time impact.
Frequency Transient Overvoltage is commonly called as TOV (English full name：Temporary over-voltage), it is to pass through in supply network
Power network short time (0.1~5S) wave phenomenon often occurred, the reason for causing TOV overvoltage has a lot, common are：It is perceptual big
The operation of type motor switch, the switching manipulation of Large Copacity capacitive load, grid cut-off power on operation, the transfer of power network high-pressure side earth fault
Overvoltage etc..Harm of the TOV overvoltage to piezo-resistance is very big, also can be pressure-sensitive because even being the zero point overvoltage of several seconds
Great power current heat is produced above resistance, such as 510VDC piezo-resistance, overvoltage amplitude is
480VAC (10 Ω internal resistances) false voltage is loaded 1 second, and its heat produced in piezo-resistance is up to 800 joules.This
Heat levels are higher by 10 times than the nominal ceiling capacity tolerance value (being usually 70~80J) of 10D511K piezo-resistance, therefore
10D511K piezo-resistances are under by the TOV of 480VAC (10 Ω internal resistances) 1S clocks impacts, and varistor valve will produce excess temperature
Type burns short circuit, if not connecting suitable breaking release unit, the encapsulated layer of piezo-resistance will be smoldered by high-temperature baking,
Or even catching fire.
In " three-in-one composite protective module ", the valve block of thermistor is weldering of fitting back-to-back with the valve block of piezo-resistance
It is connected together, if the temperature of varistor rises the operating temperature for reaching thermistor under TOV impacts, then temperature-sensitive electricity
The resistance of resistance will be with " exponential law " sharp increase, so as to quickly suppress to flow through the power frequency electric of " three-in-one composite protective module "
Stream, finally makes aftercurrent maintain several mA level, under this aftercurrent, the heat that current heating amount is distributed with module
Balance is reached, module stops temperature rise, and the temperature of whole lightning-protection module is effectively controlled below 300 DEG C, thus fully avoided
Varistor temperature touches its dangerous " crystal transition " warm area (generally at 500~600 DEG C), has ensured that piezo-resistance exists
Security under TOV impacts.When TOV in the past after, the temperature of protection module can be reduced gradually, be finally returned to normality temperature after
Continuous work.
It can be seen that " three-in-one " protection module thoroughly solves common piezo-resistance easily burns short-circuit failure under TOV impacts
Persistent ailment.
3rd, the online service life of over-pressed protection module is significantly improved.
In the case where piezo-resistance is used alone, due to take into account thunderbolt residual voltage level, the operation voltage of piezo-resistance
Value is often only higher than power network crest voltage by 10~20%, i.e. and " chargeability " coefficient of piezo-resistance is often as high as 0.8~
0.9, in the case of so high on-load voltage, when voltage ripple of power network is raised, the leakage current for flowing through piezo-resistance will
Quick increase, increased leakage current raises varistor temperature, because pressure-sensitive electric resistance ceramic powder generally has " negative temperature system
The characteristic of number ", temperature, which rises, makes the reduction of piezo-resistance operation voltage, and then increases leakage current, and temperature is higher, and leakage current is got over
Greatly, such vicious circle, the temperature that varistor is ultimately resulted in after the time is longer progressivelyes reach damage temperature, makes piezo-resistance
Short-circuit failure is burnt by high temperature.
And the varistor of " three-in-one composite protective module " has been connected and just accessed power network after TSS pipes, as long as pressure
The operation voltage of quick valve block and crest voltage of the blocking voltage sum always above power network of TSS pipes, there will be no leakage current stream
Cross varistor, therefore in the case where line voltage is less than the maximum working voltage of protection module, varistor it is " charged
Rate " is extremely low, and almost without voltage stress above piezo-resistance, its life-span, which has been inherently derived, significantly to be extended.
Therefore the online service life of whole " three-in-one composite protective module " is solely dependent upon its be struck by lightning pulse life-span and TOV
The life-span is impacted, it is also negative with " leakage current baking effect " by " long-term charged stress " not as single piezo-resistance 15
Influence, therefore the online service life of this protection module is significantly improved.
In addition, the maximum differential of " three-in-one composite protective module " with traditional " lightning protection circuit " in structure is, it is multiple
Three parts for closing protection module are not simply existed as traditional lightning protection circuit using separate " discrete element "
Together, but by way of " directly heat transfer back-to-back ", temperature-sensitive valve block and varistor are managed with TSS for electrical communication
Hard-pressed bale seamlessly welds together in the way of " back-to-back ", farthest reduces what heat conducted between two valve blocks
" thermal resistance ", makes three part one excellent hot conductors of formation, therefore can make full use of the respective non-thread of these three elements
Property feature interacts protection, so as to possess following defencive function：
The thermo-responsive characteristic of index transition is raised and presented with temperature using the resistance of thermistor, by temperature-sensitive valve block and pressure
Closely laminating welds together quick valve block, it is possible to which controlling stream crosses the current duration of piezo-resistance, suppresses varistor
Temperature elevation amplitude, prevent piezo-resistance power current effect under enter its " destruction warm area ", protect piezo-resistance not by
Excess temperature is damaged；
Increased and increased clamping performance with electric current using the pressure drop of piezo-resistance two ends, piezo-resistance is connected in series to TSS pipes
On, it is possible to suppress the amplitude of " following power frequency continued flow " after being struck by lightning, protection TSS pipes protect it from excessive power current
Impact and damage；
The characteristics of leakage current is extremely low under blocking voltage using TSS pipes, TSS pipes are connected with piezo-resistance, can be hindered
Only under the conditions of nominal situation grid power leakage stream generation, the charged stress of piezo-resistance is greatly reduced, effectively extends pressure-sensitive electricity
The online service life of resistance；
When power network TOV crest voltages exceed the maximum working voltage of protection module, the power frequency of varistor is flowed through
Electric current makes varistor produce substantial amounts of heat, and this heat carries out quickly adding to the temperature-sensitive valve block for being close to varistor simultaneously
Heat, produces the resistance of temperature-sensitive valve block and quickly rises to, the power current for flowing through protection module is reduced into milliampere rank rapidly
Level of security, prevents persistently riseing for protection module temperature, prevents protection module itself by high temperature failure.
The maximum differential of " three-in-one composite protective module " with traditional " lightning-protection module " functionally is, composite protective
Module is also equipped with " power network power frequency overvoltage protection " function of uniqueness except possessing the over-pressed safeguard function of transient state thunderbolt：It can be by
Transient state or continuous power-frequency overvoltage from power network are suppressed under the amplitude of a safety to be exported to rear level power supply again, is had
Voltage-sensitive component (such as high-voltage energy storage capacitor, semiconductor switch device) in effect protection power circuit.And it is traditional " anti-
Thunder module " is that do not possess " continuous power frequency overvoltage " tolerance, is continuously exceeding the power network peak value of 1.2 times of its operation voltage
Under voltage effect, piezo-resistance 15 will be damaged excess temperature quickly.Therefore " the power network power frequency overvoltage of " three-in-one composite protective module " is said
Protection " function phase is a kind of innovative safeguard function for traditional schemes of prevention against lightning, and this function is using electric equipment with very
Low cost realizes the protection to power network abnormal overvoltage, enhances adaptability of the equipment to power network fluctuation, improves equipment
Security.
The maximum differential of " three-in-one composite protective module " with traditional " lightning-protection module " on lightning protection properties is, " three
Unify composite protective module " there is the thunderbolt residual voltage level more much lower than traditional lightning-protection module, it belongs to truly " super
The lightning-protection module of low residual voltage ".By being connected under varistor with the TSS switching-type devices for stablizing blocking voltage characteristic,
The type selecting of the operation voltage of piezo-resistance 15 can be allowed to break away from the restriction of " chargeability " factor suffered by traditional piezo-resistance 15,
Allow its operation voltage that (relative to traditional lightning protection circuit its highest range of decrease up to 50%) is greatly lowered, be effective reduction mould
The thunderbolt residual voltage level of block creates necessary condition, because being greatly reduced for varistor operation voltage, makes entirely to protect mould
The output thunderbolt residual voltage level of block also correspondingly reduces same amplitude (maximum decreases by 50%), makes composite protective module
Thunderbolt " residual voltage ratio " be once reduced to by 2.2 levels of traditional circuit 1.2 level, residual pressure drop of being struck by lightning is low highly effective
And the amplitude of reduction is considerable.
The quick excess temperature cut-off current characteristics of " temperature-sensitive+pressure-sensitive " composite component are utilized, composite module has effectively and rapidly been interdicted and has existed
Power frequency continued flow is followed after thunderbolt, is thoroughly eliminated because the power frequency existed afterwards is greatly lowered in the operation voltage of varistor
Afterflow risk, ensures composite protective module from the safety and reliability of the long-term work under maximum working voltage.
Creatively TSS thyristors are incorporated among the lightning Protection Design of AC port, " piezo-resistance 15 is formed
The mixing lightning protection circuit of clamp members series connection TSS switching devices ", " current over-zero is the characteristic of shut-off " of ingenious utilization TSS pipes,
The duration control for following power frequency continued flow formed after pulse will be struck by lightning within 10 milliseconds, continue the power frequency after thunderbolt
Stream is accomplished controllable and safe.
Two ends pressure drop after being turned on due to TSS pipes is very low (about 5VDC), under power current impact, the electrical power of TSS pipes
Relatively low, its caloric value is far smaller than varistor connected in series, and TSS pipes are to the heating effect of temperature-sensitive valve block relative to pressure sensitive valve
It is much lower for piece, even if therefore TSS pipes are individually shifted out from composite protective module as independent individual with " temperature-sensitive+
Pressure-sensitive composite component " is electrically connected, and can also reach the composite protective module phase that three devices weld together back-to-back
Near function.But the application circuit that " the pressure-sensitive composite component of temperature-sensitive " is electrically connected after being separated with TSS pipes, its operation principle
Even the type selecting of component is all mutually similar with " three-in-one composite protective module ", therefore still belongs to the protection model of this patent
Enclose.
By piezo-resistance connect TSS pipes connected mode, by the operation voltage of piezo-resistance significantly in a creative way
Reduction by 50%, in the case of the power frequency tolerance level of protection module is not reduced, effectively reduces 45% by thunderbolt residual voltage level,
A kind of design path that is reliable, disclosure satisfy that ultralow thunderbolt residual voltage level is started.
By " piezo-resistance operation voltage " and " TSS blocking voltages " sum in composite protective module be chosen at 450VDC it
Under, make protection module when being impacted by the continuous overvoltage of power network higher than 320VAC, first by power network output voltage clamper
The high-voltage rectifier to power supply is exported again in below 480VDC, 450VDC high-voltage energy storages that can effectively in protection equipment power supply
Electric capacity, has started a kind of Technology Ways that are economical and practical, can realizing the continuous power-frequency overvoltage defencive function of power network.
In addition, referring to Fig. 1, a kind of electrical equipment is additionally provided, with live wire input terminal Li, zero line input terminal N
With load circuit 50, in addition to above-mentioned over-pressed protection module 10, input pin 11, the output pin 12 of over-pressed protection module 10
Sequentially it is electrically connected respectively with live wire input terminal Li, load circuit 50 and zero line input terminal N with common pin 13.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
Replace, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of over-pressed protection module, it is characterised in that the temperature-sensitive electricity including solid discharging tube, piezo-resistance and positive temperature coefficient
The valve block of resistance, the valve block of the thermistor and the piezo-resistance is respectively provided with two relative surface electrodes, wherein：
The first surface electrode of the thermistor valve block is close to and with height with the first surface electrode of the varistor valve
Thermal conductivity material is electrically connected, and draws the output pin of module；The second surface electrode conduct of the thermistor valve block
The input pin of module；The first electrode of the solid discharging tube and the second surface electrode of the varistor valve electrically connect
Connect, the second electrode of the solid discharging tube as module common pin.
2. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including a capacitor, the capacitor and institute
State the connection of piezo-resistance parallel coupled electrical.
3. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including high heat conduction encapsulated layer, the high heat conduction
The solid discharging tube, piezo-resistance and thermistor are encapsulated in interior by encapsulated layer.
4. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the first electrode of the solid discharging tube with it is described
The second surface electrode electrical connection of varistor valve, and the solid discharging tube is close to the of the varistor valve
Two surface electrodes.
5. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also drawn including high heat conduction encapsulated layer and a metal
Electrode, in the piezo-resistance and thermistor are encapsulated in by the high heat conduction encapsulated layer, the metal extraction electrode with it is described
Varistor valve second surface electrode electrical connection and, at least partly expose to the high heat conduction encapsulated layer.
6. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the first electrode of the solid discharging tube with it is described
The exposed parts electrical connection of metal extraction electrode.
7. the over-pressed protection module as described in claim 3 or 5, it is characterised in that the high heat conduction encapsulated layer is organosilicon tree
Lipid layer.
8. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the output pin is located at the thermistor valve
Part between the first surface electrode of piece and the first surface electrode of the varistor valve for flat.
9. overvoltage protection module as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the solid discharging tube is managed for TSS.
10. a kind of electrical equipment, with live wire input terminal, zero line input terminal and load circuit, it is characterised in that also include
Over-pressed protection module described in any one of claim 1 to 9, wherein, input pin, the output pin of the over-pressed protection module
Sequentially it is electrically connected respectively with the live wire input terminal, load circuit and zero line input terminal with common pin.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113702727A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-11-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Detection device and detection method for lightning current shunt of oil tank |
| CN113792477A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-14 | 珠海派诺科技股份有限公司 | Power utilization abnormity identification method, system and device and fire early warning system |
| CN113792477B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2024-06-07 | 珠海派诺科技股份有限公司 | Electricity utilization abnormality identification method, system, device and fire disaster early warning system |
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Application publication date: 20170721 |