CN103795045A - Protective device - Google Patents
Protective device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103795045A CN103795045A CN201210426131.7A CN201210426131A CN103795045A CN 103795045 A CN103795045 A CN 103795045A CN 201210426131 A CN201210426131 A CN 201210426131A CN 103795045 A CN103795045 A CN 103795045A
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- Prior art keywords
- protector
- isolator
- power supply
- protective device
- derailing switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/613—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in parallel with the load as final control devices
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to a protective device comprising a switch and a first unidirectional device. One end of the switch is connected with the negative pole or positive pole of a power supply. One end of the first unidirectional device is connected with the other end of the switch in series. The other end of the first unidirectional device is connected with the positive pole of the power supply if one end of the switch is connected with the negative pole of the power supply. The other end of the first unidirectional device is connected with the negative pole of the power supply if one end of the switch is connected with the positive pole of the power supply. When negative surge voltage or current occurs to the power supply, the first unidirectional device is in an on state and shunts the surge current as well as the switch in order to prevent the surge current from entering a protected device. Therefore, the protective device achieves differential-mode protection of a power supply in large magnitude, improves a long wave protection capability, and decreases protection circuit area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to a kind of protective device.
Background technology
The power supply of communication equipment often can be subject to superpotential interference, and this overvoltage is produced by direct lightning strike or induction thunder, or power-frequency overvoltage, the switching overvoltage etc. of the generation of the inside of electric power system.Superpotential harmfulness is very large, directly threatens the safety of the person and communication equipment, therefore, is very crucial, thereby makes overvoltage be reduced to the voltage range that communication equipment allows at the power acquisition of communication equipment with superpotential protective device.
At present, if the power supply of communication equipment adopts the differential mode protection of low magnitude, the differential mode protective circuit of its low magnitude is first class of protection circuit.Between the positive and negative electrode of the power supply of communication equipment, increase a piezo-resistance (Metal Oxide Varistor, MOV); If adopt the differential mode protection of high-magnitude, the differential mode protective circuit of its high-magnitude is dual-electrode protecting circuit.In addition, for relatively large level, as 10kA and above power supply differential mode protection general employing two-stage or multi-stage protection circuit.Wherein, first order circuit adopts the form of multiple piezo-resistance parallel connections.
In the time that the power supply of communication equipment suffers overvoltage or overcurrent, because the residual voltage of the piezo-resistance of the first order is conventionally higher, in order to reduce the impact to late-class circuit, need to after piezo-resistance, increase decoupling element or circuit.But the volume ratio of this decoupling element or circuit is larger.
In the time that the power supply of communication equipment suffers opposed polarity thunderbolt, due to the existence of electrochemical capacitor in power circuit, make the lightning protection properties of protective circuit have larger difference.When thunder-strike current flows to when anodal from power cathode, the impact of protective circuit rear class is wanted to much harsh, main manifestations is that to pour in the electric current of late-class circuit larger, late-class circuit or device more easily damage; And in the time suffering the anodal surge impact to negative pole, the electric current of the protective circuit of flowing through rear class is relatively on the low side, the lightning protection tolerance of this direction is stronger.
In prior art, conventional protective circuit is mainly used in solving shortwave Lightning Protection, and as 8/20us current wave, but for long wave lightning protection, as 10/350us current wave, it protects poor effect.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of protective device; to solve the problems such as the volume that existing protective device exists is large, reliability is low, long wave lightning protection effect is poor; utilize derailing switch and isolator can improve the long wave lightning protection capability of this protective device; and reduce the protective circuit area of this protective device, can also improve this protective device reliability simultaneously.
In first aspect, the invention provides a kind of protective device, described device comprises: derailing switch and the first isolator; One end of described derailing switch is connected with the negative pole of power supply or is connected with the positive pole of described power supply; One end of described the first isolator is connected in series with the other end of described derailing switch; In the time that one end of described derailing switch and the negative pole of described power supply are connected, the other end of described the first isolator is connected with the positive pole of described power supply; In the time that one end of described derailing switch and the positive pole of described power supply are connected, the other end of described the first isolator is connected with the negative pole of described power supply; In the time there is negative pole surge current in described power supply, described the first isolator conducting, and shunt described surge current with described derailing switch, prevent that described surge current from entering protected equipment.
In the possible implementation of the first, described device also comprises: the first protector; Described the first protector and described the first isolator are connected in parallel; Described the first protector and described derailing switch are connected in series; In the time there is anodal surge current in described power supply, described the first isolator cut-off, described derailing switch and described the first protector are shunted described surge current, prevent that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
In the possible implementation of the second, described device also comprises: the first protector; Described the first protector, is connected in parallel with the described derailing switch being connected in series and the first isolator; In the time there is anodal surge current in described power supply, described the first isolator cut-off, described the first protector is shunted described surge current, prevents that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
In conjunction with the possible implementation of the second of first aspect, in the third possible implementation, described device also comprises: the second isolator; Described the second isolator and described the first protector are connected in series; In the time there is anodal surge current in described power supply, described the first isolator cut-off, described the second isolator conducting, described the second isolator and described the first protector are shunted described surge current, prevent that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
In conjunction with first aspect first to the 3rd any can implementation in, in the 4th kind of possible implementation, described device also comprises: decoupler; Described decoupler is connected in series between the negative pole and described protected equipment of described power supply, and/or is serially connected between the anodal and described protected equipment of described power supply; Voltage described in described decoupler dividing potential drop between power supply positive and negative electrode, prevents that overvoltage from appearring in described protected equipment.
In conjunction with the 4th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, in the 5th kind of possible implementation, described device also comprises: the second protector; Described the second protector, in parallel with described protected equipment, connect with described decoupler; Described the second protector is shunted the surge current that described power supply occurs, prevents that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
In first aspect or first to the 5th any possible implementation in conjunction with first aspect, in the 6th kind of possible implementation, described device also comprises: overcurrent protector; Described overcurrent protector and described derailing switch are connected in series; Described overcurrent protector, in the time that described protective device breaks down, disconnects protective device from power port, prevent from causing power failure.
By the protective device that provides of the application embodiment of the present invention, derailing switch and the series connection of the first isolator are applied to DC power supply and carry out differential mode protection.This protective device residual voltage in the time that surge current impacts is extremely low, utilizes the first isolator conducting, low residual voltage characteristic to realize power cathode to anodal differential mode protection; Protect thereby realized for the differential mode of the power supply of having realized relatively large level; not only can improve the long wave lightning protection capability of this protective device; and the protective circuit area of this device can reduce more than 40% compared with traditional protective circuit, reliability also has greatly improved simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three;
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four;
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention five;
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention six;
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention seven
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention eight;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention nine;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention ten;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 11;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 12;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 13;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 14 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 14;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 15 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 15;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 16;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 17 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 17;
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 18 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 18.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention discloses a kind of protective device, derailing switch and the series connection of the first isolator are applied to DC power supply, utilize the first isolator one-way conduction, low residual voltage characteristic to realize power cathode to anodal differential mode protection, significantly reduce the shunting of late-class circuit; Utilize the reverse or controlled cut-off characteristics of the first isolator to realize the follow current interrupt of derailing switch.Protective device circuit disclosed by the invention can effectively solve the problems such as the volume existing in prior art is large, reliability is low, long wave lightning protection effect is poor; thereby realize the differential mode protection of the power supply of relatively large level; not only can improve the long wave lightning protection capability of this power supply; and the protective circuit area of this device can reduce more than 40% compared with traditional protective circuit, reliability also has greatly improved simultaneously
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one, as shown in the figure, the present embodiment topology control device specifically comprises: derailing switch 11, the first isolator 12.Wherein, the position of derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 can exchange.Be that one end of derailing switch 11 and the negative pole of power supply are connected, or be connected with the positive pole of power supply.Derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 form the first branch road.
In the time that one end of derailing switch 11 and the negative pole of power supply are connected, one end of the first isolator 12 is connected in series with the other end of derailing switch 11, and first other end of isolator 12 and the positive pole of power supply are connected.
In the time that one end of derailing switch 11 and the positive pole of power supply are connected, one end of the first isolator 12 is connected in series with the other end of derailing switch 11, and first other end of isolator 12 and the negative pole of power supply are connected.
In the time there is negative pole surge voltage or electric current in power supply, the first isolator 12 forward conductions, and shunt surge current with derailing switch 11, prevent that surge current from entering protected equipment.
In addition, it is worthy of note, in all embodiment of the present invention, the position of derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 all can exchange, therefore, and just no longer repeat specification in all embodiment of the present invention.
In the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention one provides, the derailing switch 11 of use is the combination of switching mode over-voltage suppression (protection) device or switching mode over-voltage suppression (protection device).Wherein, switching mode device is that gas discharge tube (Gas Discharge Tube, GDT) or transient state suppress thyristor (ThyristorSurge Suppressor, TSS) etc.The first isolator 12 is one-way type device, or the combination of one-way type device.Wherein, one-way type device is, diode, or Metal-oxide-semicondutor (Metal-Oxid-Semiconductor, MOS) pipe etc.
The specific implementation circuit of the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention one provides as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
In Fig. 2, gas discharge tube and diode D1 are connected in series, in the time there is negative pole surge voltage or electric current in power supply, and diode D1 forward conduction, and shunt surge current with gas discharge tube, prevent that surge current from entering protected equipment.Wherein, the position of gas discharge tube and diode D1 can exchange, but the negative electrode of diode D1 and the direction of anode are constant, as long as while guaranteeing that negative pole surge voltage or electric current appear in power supply, and diode D1 forward conduction.
In Fig. 3; being connected in series of gas discharge tube and metal-oxide-semiconductor; the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor can be controlled by sampling control circuit; in the time there is negative pole surge current in power supply; sampling control circuit will sample and export high level from surge voltage; metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened, and shunted surge current with gas discharge tube, prevent that surge current from entering protected equipment.Wherein, the position of gas discharge tube and metal-oxide-semiconductor can exchange, as long as while guaranteeing that negative pole surge voltage or electric current appear in power supply, metal-oxide-semiconductor is opened.
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four, as shown in the figure, the present embodiment topology control device specifically comprises: derailing switch 11, the first isolator 12 and the first protector 13.
One end of derailing switch 11 is connected with the negative pole of power supply, and the other end of derailing switch 11 is connected with the first isolator 12; Derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 are connected in series; First other end of isolator 12 and the positive pole of power supply are connected.
Wherein, derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 form the first branch road; The first protector 13 can be connected in parallel with the first isolator 12 of the first branch road, as shown in Figure 4; Or the first protector 13 is connected with the first branch circuit parallel connection, as shown in Figure 5.
Describe the operation principle of this protective device below in detail:
The first, the first protector 13 can be connected in parallel with the first isolator 12 of the first branch road.
In the time that power supply runs into the anodal surge voltage to negative pole or electric current, the first isolator 12 ends, and derailing switch 11 and the first protector 13 shield, and the first isolator 12 need bear the withstand voltage of first protector 13 in parallel with it simultaneously; In the time that power supply runs into negative pole to anodal surge voltage or electric current, the first isolator 12 conductings, the first isolator 12 and derailing switch 11 shield.
The second, the first protector 13 is connected with the first branch circuit parallel connection.
In the time that power supply runs into the anodal surge voltage to negative pole or electric current, the first isolator 12 ends, and the first branch road is failure to actuate, and the first protector 13 shields; In the time that power supply runs into negative pole to anodal surge voltage or electric current, the first isolator 12 conductings, the first isolator 12 and derailing switch 11 shield.Wherein, the reverse voltage endurance capability of the first isolator 12 is stronger, is the puncture voltage that the first isolator puncture voltage adds derailing switch.
The schematic diagram of a kind of protective device that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention six.As shown in the figure, the present embodiment topology control device specifically comprises: derailing switch 11, the first isolator 12, the first protector 13 and the second isolator 14.The opposite direction of the first isolator 12 and the second isolator 14.In the time of the first isolator 12 conducting, the second isolator 14 ends; In the time that the first isolator 12 ends, the second isolator 14 conductings.
One end of derailing switch 11 is connected with the negative pole of power supply, and the other end of derailing switch 11 is connected with one end of the first isolator 12; Derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 are connected in series; First other end of isolator 12 and the positive pole of power supply are connected.Wherein, derailing switch 11 and the first isolator 12 form the first branch road.
Second one end of isolator 14 and the positive pole of power supply are connected; The other end of the second isolator 14 is connected with the first protector 13.The second isolator 14 and the first protector 13 are connected in series.First other end of protector 13 and the negative pole of power supply are connected.Wherein, the second isolator 14 and the first protector 13 form the second branch road, and the second branch road is connected with the first branch circuit parallel connection.In addition, the position of the second isolator 14 and the first protector 13 also can exchange.
In the time that power supply runs into the anodal surge voltage to negative pole or electric current, the first isolator 12 oppositely ends, the second isolator 14 forward conductions, and described the second branch road shields; In the time that described power supply runs into negative pole to anodal surge voltage or electric current, the first isolator 12 forward conductions, the second isolator 14 oppositely ends, and described the first branch road shields
In the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention four, embodiment five and embodiment six provide; the derailing switch 11 using is switching mode over-voltage suppression (protection) device; such as gas discharge tube (Gas Discharge Tube; GDT), transient state suppresses thyristor (Thyristor Surge Suppressor;, or the combination of switching mode over-voltage suppression (protection) device TSS).The first protector 13 is over-voltage suppression (protection) device, such as, MOV pipe, Transient Suppression Diode (Transient Voltage Suppressor, TVS) pipe, or the combination of over-voltage suppression (protection) device.The first isolator 12 and the second isolator 14 are one-way type device, or the combination of one-way type device.Wherein, one-way type device is, diode, or metal-oxide-semiconductor etc.
In the first branch road of the protective device that further, the embodiment of the present invention one, embodiment tetra-, embodiment five and embodiment six provide, also comprise: overcurrent protector.This overcurrent protector, in the time that protective device breaks down, disconnects protective device, thereby prevents from causing power failure from power port.
The protective device providing take the embodiment of the present invention six is example, will in the first branch road of protective device, add overcurrent protector, as shown in Figure 7.These overcurrent protector 15 one end are connected with the negative pole of power supply, and its other end is connected with one end of derailing switch 11; Overcurrent protector 15 is connected in series with derailing switch 11.Wherein, overcurrent protector 15 can exchange with the position of derailing switch 11.
In the time that the first isolator 12 breaks down, prevent derailing switch 11 afterflows or power supply short circuit fault etc.In addition, in the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention one, embodiment tetra-and embodiment five provide, add in the first branch road of the protective device that overcurrent protector provides with the embodiment of the present invention six and add overcurrent protector effect identical, here no longer describe in detail.Wherein, overcurrent protector 15 can have for fuse, thermistor etc. element or the circuit of overcurrent protection function.
Derailing switch 11, the first isolator 12 and the first protector 13 in the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention four, five provides form first order protective circuit.Derailing switch 11, the first isolator 12, the first protector 13 and the second isolator 14 in the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention six provides form first order protective circuit.
In the first order protective circuit of the protective device that further, embodiment tetra-provided by the invention, embodiment five and embodiment six provide, also comprise decoupler.One end of this decoupler is connected with the negative pole of power supply, and the other end of decoupler is connected with protected equipment, and decoupler is connected with protected devices in series; Or one end of decoupler is connected with the positive pole of power supply, the other end of decoupler is connected with protected equipment, and decoupler is connected with protected devices in series.
In addition, this decoupler can be more than one, can have multiple.Such as, between the negative pole of power supply and protected equipment, be connected in series a decoupler, between the anodal and protected equipment at power supply, be connected in series another decoupler simultaneously.
In the protective device providing in the embodiment of the present invention four, add decoupler, by serial connection decoupler and protected equipment, with the derailing switch being connected in series and the first protector parallel connection.Wherein, the effect of decoupler is: in the time that surge voltage or electric current appear in power supply, this surge current first flow through serial connection decoupler and protected equipment, along with the increase of current strength, the voltage at decoupler two ends rises, the decoupler of serial connection and the voltage of protected equipment are also rising simultaneously, in the time that voltage reaches the operation voltage of the first protective circuit, the first protective circuit starts action, at this moment most of electric current first protective circuit of flowing through, only have sub-fraction electric current flow through serial connection decoupler and protected equipment, thereby prevent most of electric current protected equipment of flowing through, meanwhile, decoupler has carried out dividing potential drop to the decoupler being connected in series and the voltage at protected equipment two ends, thereby has prevented that superpotential situation from appearring in protected equipment.
In the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention five provides, add decoupler, by decoupler and the protected equipment, in parallel with the first protector of serial connection, the effect of this decoupler adds the effect of decoupler identical with the protective device providing in the embodiment of the present invention one.
In addition; in the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention five provides, also have another to add the method for decoupler; be about to the first protector and protected equipment parallel connection; again by decoupler with and the first protector and the protected devices in series that connect; in the time there is negative pole surge voltage or electric current in described power supply; decoupler voltage rises and makes derailing switch and the first diode shunting surge current of serial connection, prevents that surge current from entering protected equipment, can strengthen the reliability of derailing switch action.
In the protective device that embodiment six provided by the invention provides, add decoupler; by serial connection decoupler and protected equipment, with the second diode being connected in series and the first protector parallel connection, the effect of this decoupler adds the effect of decoupler identical with the protective device providing in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Further, the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention four, embodiment five and embodiment six provide also comprises the second protector, and the second protector is in parallel with protected equipment and connect with decoupler.
The schematic diagram of the protective device that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention eight.As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention specifically comprises: first order protective circuit 21 and the second protective circuit 22.Wherein, second level protective circuit 22 is made up of decoupler 16 and the second protector 17.
In the time that power supply runs into surge voltage or electric current; the second protective circuit 22 is first moved; this surge current second protective circuit 22 of first flowing through; in the time that the voltage of the second protective circuit 22 reaches the operation voltage of first order protective circuit 21; surge current is the major part first order protective circuit 21 of flowing through; the electric current of second protective circuit 22 of flowing through is smaller, makes the residual voltage of the second protective circuit 22 lower, thereby guarantees that protected equipment is the normal operation of communication equipment or is not damaged.Such as: a little less than second level protective circuit 22 adopts through-current capability, response time ratio is TVS pipe faster, also can adopt piezo-resistance; First order circuit 21 adopts through-current capability strong, more much higher piezo-resistance parallel connection of residual voltage.In the time that the power supply of communication equipment is impacted by surge current; response time first action of TVS pipe faster; surge current is first flowed through and is flowed afterwards level TVS; in the time that TVS pipe reaches the operation voltage of piezo-resistance with the voltage at inductance two ends; surge current starts the most piezo-resistance of flowing through; the electric current of late-class circuit of now flowing through is less, makes TVS pipe residual voltage lower, guarantees the normal operation of protected communication equipment or is not damaged.
It is worthy of note; the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be the single-stage protective device that comprises first order protective circuit; or comprise the two-stage protective device of first order protective circuit and second level protective circuit, or except comprising first order protective circuit and second level protective circuit, also comprise the multi-stage protection device of other grade of protective circuit.
Structure is flutterred in three kinds of different holders that provide according to the embodiment of the present invention four, embodiment five and embodiment six, describes the physical circuit figure that realizes this protective device in detail.
The first, the holder providing take the embodiment of the present invention four is flutterred structure as foundation.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention nine.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram of single-stage protective device.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2.Compared to Figure 1, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, and it is the first protector 13 that piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 are connected in parallel.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of Fig. 4.Here no longer describe in detail.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention ten.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram that uses the single-stage protective device of decoupling inductance.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2 and inductance L.Compared with Fig. 4, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, and it is the first protector 13 that piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 are connected in parallel.Wherein, the inductance L increasing in this circuit diagram is decoupler.Wherein, the effect of inductance L is: in the time that surge voltage or electric current appear in power supply, this surge current first flow through serial connection inductance L and protected equipment, along with the increase of current strength, the voltage at inductance L two ends rises, the inductance L of serial connection and the voltage of protected equipment are also rising simultaneously, in the time that voltage reaches the operation voltage of diode D1 and gas discharge tube GDT place branch road, gas discharge tube GDT starts action, at this moment flow through diode D1 and gas discharge tube GDT place branch road of most of electric current, only have sub-fraction electric current flow through serial connection inductance L and protected equipment, thereby prevent most of electric current protected equipment of flowing through, meanwhile, inductance L has been carried out dividing potential drop to the inductance L being connected in series and the voltage at protected equipment two ends, thereby has prevented that superpotential situation from appearring in protected equipment.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 11.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram of two-stage protective device.In the circuit diagram of this two-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2, inductance L, piezo-resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4.Compared with Fig. 8, gas discharge tube GDT, diode D1, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2 composition first order protective circuit 21; Inductance L is decoupler 15, and it is the second protector 16 that piezo-resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4 are connected in parallel, this inductance L, resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4 composition second level protective circuit 22.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of Fig. 8.Here no longer describe in detail.
The second, the holder providing take the embodiment of the present invention five is flutterred structure as foundation.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 12.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram of single-stage protective device.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2.Compared with Fig. 2, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, and it is the first protector 13 that piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 are connected in parallel.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of Fig. 5.Here no longer describe in detail.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 13.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram that uses the single-stage protective device of decoupling inductance.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2 and inductance L.Compared with Fig. 2, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, and it is the first protector 13 that piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 are connected in parallel.Wherein, the inductance L increasing in this circuit diagram is decoupler.The effect of this inductance L is identical with the effect of the inductance L in Figure 10, here no longer describes in detail.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 14 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 14.The circuit diagram of the dual-electrode protecting circuit of the protective device that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two.As shown in the figure, the circuit diagram of this dual-electrode protecting circuit comprises: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2, inductance L, piezo-resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4.Compared with Fig. 8, gas discharge tube GDT, diode D1, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2 composition first order protective circuit 21; Inductance L is decoupler 15, and it is the second protector 16 that piezo-resistance MOV 3 and piezo-resistance MOV4 are connected in parallel, this inductance L, resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4 composition second level protective circuit 22.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of Fig. 8.Here no longer describe in detail.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 15 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 15.This circuit diagram is the circuit diagram of the another kind of single-stage protective device that uses decoupling inductance.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2 and inductance L.Compared with Fig. 2, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, inductance L.Wherein, the inductance L increasing in this circuit diagram is decoupler.This inductance L is in the time there is negative pole surge current in power supply, and the voltage of inductance L rises and makes gas discharge tube GDT and diode D1 shunting surge current, prevents that surge current from entering protected equipment, can strengthen the reliability of derailing switch action.
The 3rd, the holder providing take the embodiment of the present invention six is flutterred structure as foundation.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 16.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram of single-stage protective device.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 and diode D2.Compared with Fig. 6, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, and it is the first protector 13 that piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 are connected in parallel.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of Fig. 5.Here no longer describe in detail.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 17 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 17.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram that uses the single-stage protective device of decoupling inductance.In the circuit diagram of this single-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2, diode D2 and inductance L.Compared with Fig. 6, gas discharge tube GDT is derailing switch 11, and diode D1 is the first isolator 12, and it is the first protector 13 that piezo-resistance MOV1 and piezo-resistance MOV2 are connected in parallel.Wherein, the inductance L increasing in this circuit diagram is decoupler.The effect of this inductance L is identical with the effect of the inductance L in Figure 10, here no longer describes in detail.
The circuit diagram of the protective device that Figure 18 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 18.As shown in the figure, this circuit diagram is the circuit diagram of two-stage protective device.In the circuit diagram of this two-stage protective device, specifically comprise: diode D1, gas discharge tube GDT, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2, diode D2, inductance L, piezo-resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4.Compared with Fig. 5, gas discharge tube GDT, diode D1, piezo-resistance MOV1, piezo-resistance MOV2 composition first order protective circuit 21; Inductance L is decoupler 15, and it is the second protector 16 that piezo-resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4 are connected in parallel, this inductance L, piezo-resistance MOV3 and piezo-resistance MOV4 composition second level protective circuit 22.Its operation principle is identical with the operation principle of Fig. 8.Here no longer describe in detail.
Therefore, the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, carries out differential mode protection by the series connection of derailing switch and the first diode is applied to DC power supply.This circuit residual voltage in the time of surge impact is extremely low, utilizes the low residual voltage characteristic of the first isolator one-way conduction to realize power cathode to anodal differential mode protection, significantly reduces late-class circuit shunting; Utilize the reverse or controlled cut-off characteristics of the first isolator to realize the follow current interrupt of discharge tube; protect thereby realized for the differential mode of the power supply of having realized relatively large level; not only can improve the long wave lightning protection capability of this power supply; and the protective circuit area of this device can reduce more than 40% compared with traditional protective circuit, reliability also has greatly improved simultaneously.
In addition, the protective device that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be applied in the protection module (Surge Protection Device, SPD) that comprises this protective device, also can be applied in communication equipment or energy device.
Professional should further recognize, unit and the algorithm steps of each example of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, for the interchangeability of hardware and software is clearly described, composition and the step of each example described according to function in the above description in general manner.These functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can realize described function with distinct methods to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The software device that the method for describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can use hardware, processor to carry out, or the combination of the two is implemented.Software device can be placed in the storage medium of any other form known in random asccess memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection range being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a protective device, is characterized in that, described device comprises: derailing switch and the first isolator;
One end of described derailing switch is connected with the negative pole of power supply or is connected with the positive pole of described power supply;
One end of described the first isolator is connected in series with the other end of described derailing switch; In the time that one end of described derailing switch and the negative pole of described power supply are connected, the other end of described the first isolator is connected with the positive pole of described power supply; In the time that one end of described derailing switch and the positive pole of described power supply are connected, the other end of described the first isolator is connected with the negative pole of described power supply;
In the time there is negative pole surge voltage or electric current in described power supply, described the first isolator conducting, and shunt described surge current with described derailing switch, prevent that described surge current from entering protected equipment.
2. protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device also comprises: the first protector;
Described the first protector and described the first isolator are connected in parallel; Described the first protector and described derailing switch are connected in series; In the time there is anodal surge voltage or electric current in described power supply, described the first isolator cut-off, described derailing switch and described the first protector are shunted described surge current, prevent that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
3. protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device also comprises: the first protector;
Described the first protector, is connected in parallel with the described derailing switch being connected in series and the first isolator;
In the time there is anodal surge voltage or electric current in described power supply, described the first isolator cut-off, described the first protector is shunted described surge current, prevents that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
4. protective device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described device also comprises: the second isolator;
Described the second isolator and described the first protector are connected in series;
In the time there is anodal surge voltage or electric current in described power supply, described the first isolator cut-off, described the second isolator conducting, described the second isolator and described the first protector are shunted described surge current, prevent that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
5. according to the protective device described in claim 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises: decoupler;
Described decoupler is connected in series between the negative pole and described protected equipment of described power supply, and/or is serially connected between the anodal and described protected equipment of described power supply;
Voltage described in described decoupler dividing potential drop between power supply positive and negative electrode, prevents that overvoltage from appearring in described protected equipment.
6. protective device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described device also comprises: the second protector;
Described the second protector, in parallel with described protected equipment,
Described the second protector is shunted surge voltage or the electric current that described power supply occurs, prevents that described surge current from entering described protected equipment.
7. according to the protective device described in claim 1 to 6 any one, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises: overcurrent protector;
Described overcurrent protector and described derailing switch are connected in series;
Described overcurrent protector, in the time that described protective device breaks down, disconnects protective device from power port, prevent from causing power failure.
8. according to the protective device described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, described derailing switch is switching mode over-voltage suppression (protection) device or combination of devices or the circuit that can realize switching mode over-voltage protector function.
9. the protective device described in any one according to Claim 8, is characterized in that, described switching mode device is that gas discharge tube or transient state suppress thyristor or other switching mode over-voltage suppression (protection) device.
10. according to the protective device described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, described the first isolator or the second isolator are the combination of one-way type device or one-way type device or the circuit with identical function.
11. according to the protective device described in claim 10 any one, it is characterized in that, described one-way type device is diode or Metal-oxide-semicondutor metal-oxide-semiconductor or the device with identical characteristics.
12. according to the protective device described in claim 1 to 7 any one, it is characterized in that, described the first protector and the second protector are the combination of over-voltage protector or over-voltage protector.
13. according to the protective device described in claim 12 any one, it is characterized in that, described over-voltage protector is piezo-resistance or Transient Suppression Diode or the device with identical characteristics.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210426131.7A CN103795045B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Protection device |
| PCT/CN2013/074806 WO2014067272A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-04-26 | Protective apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210426131.7A CN103795045B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Protection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103795045A true CN103795045A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
| CN103795045B CN103795045B (en) | 2017-08-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210426131.7A Active CN103795045B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Protection device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN103795045B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014067272A1 (en) |
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| CN103956387A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-30 | 安徽芯旭半导体有限公司 | Surge protection device |
| CN104269835A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protection device, electronic equipment and power supply |
| CN105140900A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-09 | 成都川睿科技有限公司 | Lightning protection power socket of intelligent traffic system |
| CN106786459A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 东莞市阿甘半导体有限公司 | Surge protection circuit and the electronic installation using the circuit |
| CN109950888A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 东莞市阿甘半导体有限公司 | A kind of direct current protection circuit and electronic equipment |
| CN114243667A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Power supply circuit, power supply and base station |
| WO2023093658A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Lightning strike protection method, lightning strike protection apparatus, power supply module, and base station |
| CN117374899A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-09 | 中科智寰(北京)科技有限公司 | DC power grid feed-in protection device with lightning protection function |
| CN114243667B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-06-04 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Power supply circuit, power supply and base station |
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| CN104218562A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-17 | 成都思迈科技发展有限责任公司 | Direct-current power source lightning protection circuit |
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| CN117374899A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-09 | 中科智寰(北京)科技有限公司 | DC power grid feed-in protection device with lightning protection function |
| CN117374899B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-04-30 | 中科智寰(北京)科技有限公司 | DC power grid feed-in protection device with lightning protection function |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014067272A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
| CN103795045B (en) | 2017-08-18 |
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