CN106962176B - A kind of method of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction - Google Patents
A kind of method of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN106962176B CN106962176B CN201710193167.8A CN201710193167A CN106962176B CN 106962176 B CN106962176 B CN 106962176B CN 201710193167 A CN201710193167 A CN 201710193167A CN 106962176 B CN106962176 B CN 106962176B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm to the method for insect pollinator attraction, utilize cytoplasmic male sterile line, method of the efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction, it can identify the height of any a soybean sterile line or fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction, it solves the defect of existing breeding method low efficiency in terms of breeding elite soybean " three systems " germplasm, has many advantages, such as that simple time saving, laborsaving, method, strong operability, result are reliable, high-efficient.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention provides a kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm to the method for insect pollinator attraction, is related to soybean not
It educates and is and measurement of any fertile soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction power, breeding height attracts pollination elder brother with this method
Worm soybean " three systems " (referring to sterile line, keep system and restorer) parent, reaches insect high pollination efficiency, improves the hybrid soybean production of hybrid seeds and produce
The purpose of amount；Belong to the breeding of crop hybrid kind and cenospecies technical field of seed breeding.
Background technique:
China has become whole world consumption and the most country of imported soybean.However, making with main foods such as corn, rices
Object is compared, and soybean yield per unit area is relatively low.Soybean has apparent hybrid vigour, and the application of hybrid soybean seeds can also
Increase substantially soybean per unit area yield.Chinese soybean Study on Heterosis is in first place in the world at present, not using cytoplasmatic male
It educates " three systems " breeding and has authorized first hybrid soybean seeds in the world, and producing upper popularizing planting.Under normal circumstances, greatly
Beans cenospecies can increase production 10%-20%.Although the research and development of hybrid soybean achieve breakthrough, but still there are some critical issue systems
About hybrid soybean seeds breeding and the production of cenospecies seed, problem first is that hybrid seed yield is low, and " three systems " attracts insect pollinator
It is major reason that it is low, which to improve degree, for power.
Soybean is typical self pollination crop, and conventional variety self-fertility does not need any type of pollen transmitting, day
Right outcrossing rate is very low, and only 1% or so.And the production of hybrid soybean seed then needs pollen to pass to female parent, all hybridization from male parent
Kind all should be absolutely outcrossing.Artificial pollination low efficiency, it is infeasible.Soybean Pollen quantity is few, glues weight, and wind coal is pollinated also
It can not.Although soybean is not typical entomophilous flower, there is the structure of entomophilous flower, insect pollinator can be attracted to a certain extent.
The production of hybrid soybean seeds can only lean on insect pollination.It can be mainly various bee classes, such as honeybee, clover for the insect of Parent pollination
Megachilid and various wild bee classes.The motivation that insect pollinator accesses big Tofu pudding is feeding pollen, nectar, moisture and other nutrients
Matter.The quantity of pollen and nectar, quality and some volatile substances are all the material bases determined to insect pollinator attraction.So
And soybean nectar secretion amount is relatively fewer, the secretion time is short, and Post flowering is quickly by insect's food-taking, in the case where not being isolated, surveys
The result of amount cannot reflect actual secretory volume completely, and the most material of attraction insect may be surveyed in first time nectar by extinction
Amount can become the least material of nectar secretion instead not in time.Meanwhile existing measurement method (being sampled with minisize capillary pipe) effect
Rate is very low, can not measure in a short time to a large amount of plant.The quality of nectar, as the ratio of concentration, various sugar is less susceptible to
Accurate Determining.And the measurement of pollen quantity and quality is more difficult, the up to thousands of grains of every colored pollen quantity, quickly detects a large amount of bases
Because type is difficult to accomplish, and how insect selects the quality of pollen, still not fully aware of.Even if the quantity and matter of pollen and nectar
Amount with to insect attraction and outcrossing rate have it is certain related, but still be it is indirect, pollen, nectar, volatile matter be still actually
Other unknown materials which to attract that insect is related most there is no final conclusion closely.Soybean bloom continues nearly one month, can not be right
Above-mentioned substance repeatedly measures, only with transient measurement once or several times as a result, not reflecting the actual conditions in entire florescence.
It is to carry out test cross to new germ plasm to determine extensive, guarantor's relationship, Zhi Daoyu first at present in soybean " three systems " Breeding Process
Measurement at stabilization " three systems ", without " three systems " to insect attraction.With these " three systems " improved crossing kinds and start to produce
When cenospecies seed, once discovery sterile line and (or) restorer do not attract insect, entire cenospecies and corresponding three system will
It is eliminated, all that has been achieved is spoiled.In the advanced stage of hybrid soybean seeds breeding, a large amount of superseded " three systems " and cenospecies being bred as,
The Breeding Efficiency of hybrid soybean seeds is significantly reduced, the blindness and passivity of Breeding Process are increased.Waste a large amount of manpowers,
Material resources and time.How before test cross with regard to clear breeding material to the attraction of insect, how efficient breeding height attracts pollination
Soybean " three systems " parent of insect, is a technical problem urgently to be resolved, the solution of this technology will greatly improve soybean
" three systems " breeding and breeding hybridized efficiency, this is exactly starting point of the invention.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention provides a kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm to the method for insect pollinator attraction, utilizes cytoplasm
Male sterile line (hereinafter referred to as sterile line), efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm can reflect to the method for insect pollinator attraction
The height of fixed any a soybean sterile line or fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction, solves existing breeding method in breeding
The defect of low efficiency in terms of elite soybean " three systems " germplasm, have time saving, laborsaving, method is simple, strong operability, result can
The advantages that leaning on, be high-efficient.
A kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm of the present invention exists to the method for insect pollinator attraction, feature
In:
Sterile line and its homotype keep system or fertile germplasm with a variety of specific planting patterns in same micro-assay cell
Adjacent plantation, different micro-assay cell sowing sterile lines keep system or different fertile germplasm from its homotype, if repeating three times；It opens
Florescence directly indicates pollination elder brother with sterile line Pod Bearing Percentage or solid number by attracting wild insect pollinator uninterruptedly to select to pollinate
Worm completes pollination situation, and sterile line bears pods how many, represents wild insect pollinator movable active degree between sterile line and fertile line,
As height of the soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction.Measure sterile line to insect pollinator attraction when, podding duration at
Ripe phase investigation sterile line and its homotype keep tying pod number, and calculate its Pod Bearing Percentage, and the height identification according to Pod Bearing Percentage obtains not
Educate be and its keep be insect attraction power, measure fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction when, in podding duration to maturation
Phase only investigates sterile line and bears pods number, and the height identification for bearing pods several according to sterile line in different microcellulars obtains corresponding fertile germplasm
To the power of insect pollinator attraction.
A kind of method of fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction of efficient Large scale identification soybean, feature exist
In:
With the high precocity of insect pollination robustness, in ripe or late-maturing sterile line be maternal Testers, with it is precocious, in it is ripe or late
Ripe tested germplasm is male parent, Testers and tested germplasm in micro-assay cell with the adjacent plantation of a variety of specific planting patterns,
If repeating three times, entire florescence uninterruptedly selects to pollinate by wild insect pollinator, investigates in podding duration to maturity period each small
Area's female parent Testers single plant bears pods quantity, is born pods several height differences by analyzing each cell Testers single plant, determines tested germplasm
To the height of insect pollinator attraction power, the soybean germplasm that height attracts insect pollinator, further breeding insect pollination are filtered out
The high soybean restorer of robustness keeps system and sterile line.
A kind of method of the fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction of efficient Large scale identification soybean, it is characterised in that
4 kinds of specific planting patterns in micro-assay cell；
In a micro-assay cell, the plantation of point 2 rows and is tested fertile germplasm and sows in upper left and right of going together Testers；
In b micro-assay cell, point 3 rows plantation is respectively tested fertile germplasm, Testers, is tested fertile germplasm；
In c micro-assay cell, point 2 rows plantation, Testers plantation alternate with fertile germplasm is tested；
In d micro-assay cell, the plantation of point 2 rows, Testers be tested fertile germplasm mixed in equal amounts after plant at random.
A kind of method of fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction of efficient Large scale identification soybean of the present invention, including following step
It is rapid:
1) selection of Testers: when identifying fertile soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction, select and be tested fertile germplasm
The sterile line that maturity trait is identical, stable fertility, insect pollination robustness are high does maternal Testers, multiple to be tested fertile germplasm and be father
This；
2) selection experimental field: in drought, wild insect pollinator area more abundant selects soil fertility equal
It is even, it is suitble to plantation soybean, identification land used is done in the plot of no adverse circumstance factor；
3) field planting mode:
Identify fertile soybean germplasm to the attraction for passing part insect: test is repeated three times, is being broadcast using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN
Kind of season, in each microcellular, Testers plantation adjacent with 1 part of tested germplasm, specific planting patterns is as follows:
Planting patterns one: being shown in Fig. 1, when identifying fertile germplasm, in figure A, ♂ respectively represent same Testers sterile line and by
Fertile germplasm is surveyed, similarly hereinafter；Cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 2 rows, line-spacing in cell
0.60-0.65m, Testers and 1 part of tested germplasm are expert at the adjacent plantation in upper left and right, the two spacing 10-30cm, test inter-species or by
Hill spacing 15-40cm between survey germplasm, seeding method are bunch planting, and application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns two: being shown in Fig. 2, and cell size is 1.95m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, 3 in cell
Row sowing, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, the 1st, 3 rows, 1 part of tested germplasm of sowing, the 2nd row (center row) sow Testers, seeding method
For bunch planting, hill spacing 15-40cm, application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns three: being shown in Fig. 3, and cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, 2 rows in cell
Sowing, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, Testers and 1 part of tested germplasm are expert at the alternate plantation in upper front and back, and seeding method is bunch planting, hill spacing
15-40cm, application rate are every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns four: being shown in Fig. 4, and cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, 2 rows in cell
It sows, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, upper sowing of being expert at after Testers and 1 part of tested germplasm seed mixed in equal amounts, seeding method is cave
It broadcasts, hill spacing 15-20cm, application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
4) field management:
Field management after emergence carries out weeding deinsectization with Soybean production field in time before blooming, Post flowering forbids application to kill
Worm agent avoids causing damages to insect pollinator, influence pollination and it is solid；
5) pollen fertility inspection:
In Testers and tested sterile line florescence, according to the sowing position of Testers under Different Ways of Planting or sterile line
It chooses Testers and carries out the inspection of pollen abortion rate, extracting fertile plant can lose for planting patterns four according to the phenotype of Testers
It passes feature (Hua Yanse, fine hair color, blade shape) and carries out fertility inspection in field selection sterile line, while marking sterile plant；
6) bear pods several investigation statistics:
Testers podding duration to the maturity period, in each cell between position sample, every row continuously takes 5 caves or 10 plants of Testers
Sterile line investigates the number that bears pods, and calculates the number that averagely bears pods.To bear pods, how much number sorts from high in the end.This sequence is also corresponding
The sequence of tested kind of the confrontation insect pollinator attraction size of adjacent plantation, more persons that bear pods represent the tested germplasm of adjacent plantation
It is strong to the attraction of insect pollinator, it is on the contrary then weak；
7) screening obtains the high fertile germplasm of insect attraction:
By set selection pressure, that selects a certain proportion of height attraction insect is tested fertile soybean germplasm, for high outcrossing
Rate three-line breeding application.
A kind of method of the efficient Large scale identification soybean sterile line disclosed by the invention to insect pollinator attraction, feature
It is:
In same micro-assay cell sterile line and corresponding homotype keep be with the adjacent plantation of a variety of specific planting patterns,
The sterile line and its homotype of different micro-assay cell sowing different genotypes keep system, if repeating three times.Entire florescence leads to
It crosses wild insect pollinator uninterruptedly to select to pollinate, investigates sterile line in podding duration to maturity period and corresponding homotype keeps tying pod
Number calculates its Pod Bearing Percentage, statisticallys analyze Pod Bearing Percentage height difference between sterile line, determines that sterile line and corresponding homotype keep system with this
Attract the ability of insect pollinator.
Method of a kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean sterile line to insect pollinator attraction, it is characterised in that micro-
3 kinds of specific planting patterns in type experimental plot:
In a micro-assay cell, point 2 rows plantation, sterile line and homotype holding tie up to upper left and right of going together and sow；
In b micro-assay cell, point 3 rows plantation, respectively homotype keep system, sterile line, homotype to keep system；
In c micro-assay cell, point 2 rows are planted, and homotype keeps being plantation alternate with sterile line on every row；
A kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean sterile line is to the method for insect pollinator attraction, including following step
It is rapid:
1) expert evidence selects: expert evidence keeps system for soybean sterile line and its homotype；
2) selection experimental field: in drought, wild insect pollinator area more abundant selects soil fertility equal
It is even, it is suitble to plantation soybean, identification land used is done in the plot of no adverse circumstance factor；
3) experimental design: random district's groups are used, are repeated three times, in sowing season, in the micro-assay cell of field, no
Educating is to keep being adjacent plantation with its homotype, and specific planting patterns is as follows:
Planting patterns one, is shown in Fig. 1, and when identifying sterile line, A, ♂ respectively represent sterile line in figure and homotype keeps system, under
Together；Cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 2 rows, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, quilt in cell
Survey the holding of sterile line and its homotype and tie up to the adjacent plantation in the upper left and right of row, spacing 5-30cm, be tested between sterile line or homotype keep be
Between hill spacing 10-40cm, seeding method is bunch planting, and application rate is every cave 2-6, and it is 1 or 2 plant that final singling is unified in every cave after emergence；
Planting patterns two: being shown in Fig. 2, and cell size is 1.95m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, 3 in cell
Row sowing, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, the 1st, 3 rows sow the homotype of tested sterile line and keep system, the sowing of the 2nd row (center row) is tested
Sterile line, seeding method are bunch planting, and hill spacing 10-40cm, application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns three: being shown in Fig. 3, and cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, 2 rows in cell
Sowing, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, tested sterile line and homotype holding tie up to alternate plantation after same a line is gone forward, and seeding method is cave
It broadcasts, hill spacing 15-40cm, application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
At planted in different ecological areas and different tillage, cell size, sowing line number, seeding method and sowing are close
Degree, can appropriate adjustment in the case where meeting material energy normal growing conditions；
4) experimental field field management:
Field management after emergence carries out weeding deinsectization with Soybean production field in time before blooming, Post flowering forbids application to kill
Worm agent avoids causing damages to insect pollinator, influence pollination and it is solid；
5) pollen fertility inspection:
In tested sterile line florescence, sterile line is chosen according to the sowing position of Different Ways of Planting sterile line and carries out pollen
Abortion rate inspection, extracts fertile plant, and planting patterns San Tong method marks sterile plant；
6) bear pods several investigation statistics:
Be podding duration to the maturity period in tested sterile line and homotype holding, in each cell between position to tested sterile line
And homotype holding be it is separately sampled, every row continuously takes the homotype of the maternal sterile lines of 5 caves or 10 plants and identical strain number to keep system, investigation
Bear pods number, calculates the number that averagely bears pods；It keeps being several ratio that averagely bears pods with tested sterile line and homotype, calculates tested sterile line
Insect pollination Pod Bearing Percentage；
7) high insect attraction sterile line is obtained:
It sorts from high to low to Pod Bearing Percentage, by set selection pressure, selects a certain proportion of height and attract the tested of insect
Sterile line, for breeding of hybrid combination and cenospecies production application.
The positive effect of the present invention is: the following habit based on insect pollinator, insect pollinator, which preferentially accesses, has suction to it
The access object of gravitation；Insect pollinator likes the feeding between neighbouring access object, if tested germplasm and adjacent Testers
Attract insect ability all strong, then the chance that Testers are pollinated by adjacent tested germplasm is just more, bears pods also relatively more.
It gets rid of with certain substances related with insect pollinator is attracted, such as pollen, nectar are measured, reflection is to pollination indirectly
The attraction of insect, but directly bear pods several relative prevalences with Testers and attract insect ability to judge and compare measured material
Size and power, it is the most intuitively, the most objective.Certain artificial, subjective factors in Indirect Determination are avoided, are also avoided
Florescence can not often, the shortcomings that largely sampling, directly with insect pollinator itself entire florescence daily constantly, repeatedly
It is repeatedly selected as foundation, acquired results are the most scientific, the most accurately, the most reliably.Operation of the present invention is simple.Overcome other
Method is complicated for operation, needs special installation, special expertise, and low efficiency is influenced vulnerable to environment and manpower and material resources, cannot largely be test
The shortcomings that measured material.During fertility in addition to the fertility of sterile line checks, conventional field management is only carried out, does not need additionally to throw
Enter, does not need personnel's operation through special training.Need to only it guarantee in florescence insect pollinator energy normal activity, accurate number before harvesting
Pod is arranged by height and presses selection pressure selection, the most simply, the most efficiently.One time field trial can be test on hundred
Thousand measured materials, strong operability, feasibility are strong.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the planting patterns a schematic diagram in micro-assay cell of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the planting patterns b schematic diagram in micro-assay cell of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the planting patterns c schematic diagram in micro-assay cell of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the planting patterns d schematic diagram in micro-assay cell of the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
By following embodiment further illustrate description the present invention, do not limit the invention in any way, without departing substantially from
Under the premise of technical solution of the invention, easy to accomplish any of those of ordinary skill in the art made for the present invention changes
Dynamic or change is fallen within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Embodiment 1:
1) select Testers: 200 parts of soybean kipeming high yield strains of identification and new improved variety select and have high insect with the ripe phase
The soybean sterile line JLCMS34A of pollination Grain-Filling Characteristics does maternal Testers.
2) field planting mode:
Under the open condition of field, sowing at the beginning of 5 months, test uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, repeats three times, utilize planting patterns
One (see figure 1), cell size are 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community interval 1.0m, 2 rows sowing in cell, line-spacing 0.65m, each
Testers and 1 part of tested germplasm adjacent plantation in left and right on a same row in cell, spacing 20cm test inter-species or tested kind on row
Hill spacing 40cm between matter, seeding method are bunch planting, and application rate is 6, every cave, and every cave final singling is 2 plants after emergence.
3) maternal sterile line pollen fertility inspection:
In JLCMS34A florescence, field carries out pollen fertility inspection to JLCMS34A plant, pulls out fertile plant, it is ensured that no
Educate the purity for being, the accuracy of guarantee test.
4) field management:
Before blooming after emergence, hybrid strain is rejected according to morphological characters.3 weedings are carried out, 2 intertillages spray low residual before blooming
Worming is stayed, Post flowering forbids applying pesticide, and florescence reduces field operant activity, avoids influencing insect pollination effect
Fruit.
5) Testers pod number investigation statistics screen the material high to insect pollinator attraction
When hybridizing pod podding duration on JLCMS34A plant, in each cell between position sample, every row continuously takes 5 respectively
Cave totally 10 plants of sterile line plant, investigation are born pods number, and the number that averagely bears pods by single plant sorts from high to low, select most preceding ten that bear pods
The tested germplasm of part.
6) material high to 10 parts of insect pollinator attractions carries out test cross, wherein 3 parts are restorer, has been bred as outcrossing
Property high restorer, can be directly used for preparing hybrid combination, further test its coordinate force；2 parts are holding system, by continuous more
Generation backcrossing has been bred as new sterile line JLCMS401A, JLCMS402A, has expanded numerous production of hybrid seeds in continuous 3 years solariums, measure its outcrossing and bear pods
Rate is respectively 78.7%, 82.3%, successfully selects 2 parts of the higher sterile line of out-crossing rate.
Embodiment 2:
1) select expert evidence: 139 parts of incubation sterile lines of identification identify that maternal is itself, and male parent homotype keeps system.
2) field seeding method:
Under the open condition of field, sowing at the beginning of 5 months, test uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, repeats three times, utilize planting patterns
Two (see figure 2)s, cell size are 1.95m × 2.0m, neighboring community interval 1.0m, the sowing of 3 rows, line-spacing 0.65m, cell in cell
Interior 2nd row sows sterile line, and the 1st, the corresponding holding system of 3 rows sowing, hill spacing 20cm, seeding method is bunch planting, and application rate is every cave 6
Grain, every cave final singling is 2 plants after emergence.
3) maternal sterile line pollen fertility inspection:
Every part of sterile line florescence, carry out the inspection of pollen abortion rate, extract fertile plant, it is ensured that identification it is accurate
Property.
4) field management:
Field management after emergence, carries out 3 weedings before blooming, 2 intertillages spray low-residual insecticide and remove before blooming
Worm, Post flowering forbid applying pesticide, and florescence reduces field operant activity, avoid influencing pollination effect.
5) female parent bears pods investigation statistics, filters out height and attracts sterile insect technique system
When hybridization pod comes to the ripening period on each sterile line plant, sampled in each cell father, maternal row middle position,
Continuously take totally 10 plants of 5 caves respectively, investigation is born pods number, calculates its Pod Bearing Percentage using formula, and Pod Bearing Percentage (%)=sterile line bears pods number/guarantor
Hold tying pod number × 100, select 10 parts of the highest sterile line of out-crossing rate, field Pod Bearing Percentage is respectively 95.5%, 94.6%,
94.1%, 93.8%, 92.7%, 91.9%, 90.7%, 88.3%, 86.3%, 85.1%, as height attracts sterile insect technique system.
6) expand within 10 parts of sterile lines continuous 3 years numerous production of hybrid seeds in solarium, outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage is respectively 85.9%, 83.5%,
81.7%, 78.1%, 83.2%, 76.3%, 72.3%, 74.2%, 71.9%, 70.7%, successful identification goes out high out-crossing rate sterile line
10 parts.
Embodiment 3:
1) Testers are selected: 182 parts of JLCMS47B × JLCMS171B improved progeny F of identification5Single plant, all single plants by
Single-seed descent obtains, and the soybean sterile line JLCMS178A for having high Characteristic of Seed Setof Outcross with the ripe phase is selected to do Testers.
2) field planting mode:
Under the open condition of field, sowing at the beginning of 5 months, test uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, repeats three times, utilize planting patterns
Three (see figure 3)s, cell size are 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community interval 1.0m, the sowing of 2 rows, line-spacing 0.65m, every row in cell
Adjacent plantation before and after upper Testers and 1 part of measured material, seeding method are bunch planting, and hill spacing 20cm, application rate is 6, every cave, out
Every cave final singling is 2 plants after seedling.
3) maternal sterile line pollen fertility inspection:
In JLCMS178A florescence, in field, selection JLCMS178A plant carries out the inspection of pollen abortion rate, extracts fertile
Plant, it is ensured that the accuracy of test.
4) field management:
Field management after emergence, carries out 3 weedings before blooming, 2 intertillages spray low-residual insecticide and remove before blooming
Worm, Post flowering forbid applying pesticide, and florescence reduces field operant activity, avoid influencing pollination effect.
5) Testers pod number investigation statistics screen the material high to insect pollinator attraction
When hybridizing pod podding duration on JLCMS178A plant, in each cell between position sample, every row continuously takes respectively
5 caves totally 10 plants of sterile line plant, investigation are born pods number, are statisticallyd analyze investigation result, are identified 4 parts of the highest strain of solid number, i.e.,
For the group high to insect pollinator attraction.
It is to keep system after this 4 parts of strain test crosses, is returned by continuous multi-generation, incubation new sterile line JLCMS415A,
JLCMS416A, JLCMS417A and JLCMS418A, expand numerous production of hybrid seeds in continuous 3 years solariums, outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage is respectively 76.3%,
74.6%, 82.3% and 85.1%, it successfully selects 4 parts of outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage sterile line high.
Embodiment 4:
1) select Testers: identification 152 parts of soybean restorer improved progeny groups of mid-early maturity group select and have Gao Yi with the ripe phase
The soybean sterile line JLCMS28A of knot true property does Testers, the sterile line have blade circle, purple flower, brown fine hair,
Brown pod, inferior limited pod bearing habits feature.
2) field planting mode:
Under the open condition of field, sowing at the beginning of 5 months, test uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, repeats three times, utilize planting patterns
Four (see figure 4)s, because of the random sowing Testers sterile line of mixing and tested germplasm, when 2 kinds of materials sowings, specific location is not
It determines, indicate Testers sterile line or tested germplasm plant with " X " in Fig. 4, cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community
It is spaced 1.0m, 2 rows are sowed in cell, line-spacing 0.65m, and Testers are expert at after mixing with 1 part of tested germplasm seed in each cell
Upper random hole pressing is sowed, spacing 20cm, and hill spacing 40cm between inter-species or tested germplasm is test on row, and application rate is 4, every cave, emergence
Every cave final singling is 2 plants afterwards.
3) maternal sterile line pollen fertility inspection:
In JLCMS28A florescence, in field, selection has the JLCMS28A plant of pale reddish brown, roundleaf, palm fiber characteristic feature,
The inspection of pollen abortion rate is carried out, extracts fertile plant, it is ensured that the accuracy of test.
4) field management:
Field management after emergence, carries out 3 weedings before blooming, 2 intertillages spray low-residual insecticide and remove before blooming
Worm, Post flowering forbid applying pesticide, and florescence reduces field operant activity, avoid influencing pollination effect.
5) Testers pod number investigation statistics screen the material high to insect pollinator attraction
When hybridizing pod podding duration on JLCMS28A plant, in each cell between position sample, every row continuously takes respectively
10 plants have palm fiber, brown pod, inferior limited pod bearing habits sterile line plant, investigate the number that bears pods, and statistically analyze investigation result, identification
Obtain 6 parts of the several highest materials that bear pods, material as high to insect pollinator attraction.
6) material high to 6 parts of insect pollinator attractions carries out test cross, is restorer, is carried out using this 6 parts of restorers
Hybrid soybean seeds production of hybrid seeds test, female parent is another insect pollination robustness is high and coordinate force is high sterile line JLCMS151A, miscellaneous
Kind of the seed farm sterile line JLCMS151A single plant that be averaged is handed over to bear pods to count and respectively reach 43.7,45.3,42.5,40.7 and 39.3, not
Educating is JLCMS151A seed farm, and the sterile line single plant that is averaged bears pods number as 42.3, and homotype keeps being that the average single plant number that bears pods is
The outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage of 48.9, sterile line JLCMS151A are 42.3/48.9=86.5%, and using 6 parts of restorers as male parent seed farm,
The outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage of corresponding sterile line JLCMS151A is respectively 89.4%, 92.6%, 86.9%, 83.2% and 80.4%, it was demonstrated that 6 parts extensive
Multiple system is good to sterile line Pollination Effect, i.e., insect attraction is high.So far high 6 parts of restorer of insect pollination robustness are bred as,
Its coordinate force can further be test.
The present invention not only has three big outstanding advantages on identification method of the soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction, miscellaneous
It hands in kind of parent's breeding program and method, has also carried out revolutionary thorough improvement, carried out preferential to insect pollinator attraction
Strategy.Before three systems start breeding, that is, before test cross, insect attraction screening is carried out to material to be tested in advance,
Eliminate those materials unattractive to insect pollinator, it is ensured that the three system's height selected attract insect pollinator, substantially increase
Breeding efficiency and predictable.Miniature identification cell occupied area is small simultaneously, is suitable for field Large scale identification, one hectare can reflect
Determine 1000 parts of germplasm or more, this technology is solved to a large amount of germplasm, after the hybridization of improvement insect pollination robustness
The technical problem of large scale insect attraction identification is carried out for group.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of efficient Large scale identification soybean germplasm is to the method for insect pollinator attraction, it is characterised in that:
Sterile line keeps system or fertile germplasm adjacent with a variety of specific planting patterns with its homotype in same micro-assay cell
Plantation, different micro-assay cell sowing sterile lines keep system or different fertile germplasm from its homotype, if repeating three times；It blooms
Phase attracts wild insect pollinator uninterruptedly to select to pollinate by soybean sterile line and fertile line itself, with sterile line Pod Bearing Percentage or
Solid number directly indicates that insect pollinator completes pollination situation, and sterile line bears pods how many, represent wild insect pollinator in sterile line and
Movable active degree, as height of the soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction between fertile line；Sterile line is measured to insect pollinator
When attraction, sterile line is investigated in podding duration to maturity period and its homotype keeps tying pod number, and calculates its Pod Bearing Percentage, according to knot
The height identification of pod rate obtains sterile line and its holding is the power of insect attraction, measures fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator and attracts
When power, sterile line is only investigated in podding duration to maturity period and is born pods number, bear pods several height according to sterile line in different microcellulars
Identification obtains the power of corresponding fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction；
Specific step is as follows:
1) expert evidence selects: expert evidence keeps system for soybean sterile line and its homotype；
2) selection experimental field: in drought, wild insect pollinator area more abundant selects soil fertility uniform, fits
Plantation soybean is closed, identification land used is done in the plot of no adverse circumstance factor；
3) experimental design: using random district's groups, repeat three times, in sowing season, in the micro-assay cell of field, and sterile line
It is adjacent plantation with the holding of its homotype, specific planting patterns is as follows:
Planting patterns one, when identifying sterile line, cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, cell
The sowing of interior 2 row, line-spacing 0.60-0.70m, tested sterile line and the holding of its homotype tie up to the row above adjacent plantation in left and right, spacing 5-
30cm, is tested between sterile line or homotype keeps hill spacing 10-40cm between system, and seeding method is bunch planting, and application rate is every cave 2-6,
It is 1 or 2 plant that final singling is unified in every cave after emergence；
Planting patterns two: cell size is 1.95m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 3 rows, line-spacing in cell
0.60-0.70m, the 1st, 3 rows sow the homotype of tested sterile line and keep system, center row sows tested sterile line, and seeding method is
Bunch planting, hill spacing 10-40cm, application rate are every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns three: cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 2 rows, line-spacing in cell
0.60-0.70m, tested sterile line and homotype holding tie up to alternate plantation after same a line is gone forward, and seeding method is bunch planting, hill spacing
15-40cm, application rate are every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
4) experimental field field management:
Field management after emergence carries out weeding deinsectization with Soybean production field in time before blooming, Post flowering forbids applying pesticide,
Avoid causing damages to insect pollinator, influence pollination and it is solid；
5) pollen fertility inspection:
In tested sterile line florescence, sterile line is chosen according to the sowing position of Different Ways of Planting sterile line and carries out pollen abortion
Rate inspection, extracts fertile plant, and planting patterns San Tong method marks sterile plant；
6) bear pods several investigation statistics:
Be podding duration to the maturity period in tested sterile line and homotype holding, in each cell between position to tested sterile line and same
Type holding be it is separately sampled, every row continuously takes the homotype of the maternal sterile lines of 5 caves or 10 plants and identical strain number to keep system, and investigation is born pods
Number calculates the number that averagely bears pods；It keeps being several ratio that averagely bears pods with tested sterile line and homotype, calculates tested sterile line insect
Pollination outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage；
7) high insect attraction sterile line is obtained:
It sorts from high to low to outcrossing Pod Bearing Percentage, by set selection pressure, selects a certain proportion of height and attract the tested of insect
Sterile line, for breeding of hybrid combination and cenospecies production application.
2. a kind of method of fertile kind of confrontation insect pollinator attraction of efficient Large scale identification soybean, it is characterised in that:
With the high precocity of insect pollination robustness, in ripe or late-maturing sterile line be maternal Testers, with it is precocious, in ripe or late-maturing quilt
Survey germplasm is male parent, Testers and tested germplasm in micro-assay cell with the adjacent plantation of a variety of specific planting patterns, if three
Secondary repetition, entire florescence uninterruptedly select to pollinate by wild insect pollinator, and it is female to investigate each cell in podding duration to maturity period
This Testers single plant bears pods quantity, is born pods several height differences by analyzing each cell Testers single plant, determines to verify for tested kind and passes
The height of powder insect attraction power, filters out the soybean germplasm that height attracts insect pollinator, and further breeding insect pollination is solid
Property high soybean restorer, keep system and sterile line；
Specific step is as follows:
1) selection of Testers: when identifying fertile soybean germplasm to insect pollinator attraction, select and be tested the fertile germplasm ripe phase
The high sterile line of the identical, stable fertility of group, insect pollination robustness does maternal Testers, multiple to be tested fertile germplasm and do male parent；
2) selection experimental field: in drought, wild insect pollinator area more abundant selects soil fertility uniform, fits
Plantation soybean is closed, identification land used is done in the plot of no adverse circumstance factor；
3) field planting mode:
Identify fertile soybean germplasm to the attraction for passing part insect: test is repeated three times using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, in sowing season
Section, in each microcellular, Testers plantation adjacent with 1 part of tested germplasm, specific planting patterns is as follows:
Planting patterns one: when identifying fertile germplasm, cell size be 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, it is small
2 rows are sowed in area, line-spacing 0.60-0.65m, and Testers and 1 part of tested germplasm are expert at the adjacent plantation in upper left and right, the two spacing 10-
30cm tests hill spacing 15-40cm between inter-species or tested germplasm, and seeding method is bunch planting, and application rate is every cave 2-6, after emergence
Every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant；
Planting patterns two: cell size is 1.95m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 3 rows, line-spacing in cell
0.60-0.70m, the 1st, 3 rows, 1 part of tested germplasm of sowing, center row sow Testers, and seeding method is bunch planting, hill spacing 15-
40cm, application rate are every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns three: cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 2 rows, line-spacing in cell
0.60-0.70m, Testers and 1 part of tested germplasm are expert at the alternate plantation in upper front and back, and seeding method is bunch planting, hill spacing 15-40cm,
Application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
Planting patterns four: cell size is 1.3m × 2.0m, neighboring community spacing 0.65-1.0m, the sowing of 2 rows, line-spacing in cell
It is expert at after 0.60-0.70m, Testers seed and 1 part of tested germplasm seed mixed in equal amounts upper sowing, seeding method is bunch planting, cave
Away from 15-20cm, application rate is every cave 2-6, and every cave final singling is 1 or 2 plant after emergence；
4) field management:
Field management after emergence carries out weeding deinsectization with Soybean production field in time before blooming, Post flowering forbids applying pesticide,
Avoid causing damages to insect pollinator, influence pollination and it is solid；
5) pollen fertility inspection:
In Testers and tested sterile line florescence, chosen according to the sowing position of Testers under Different Ways of Planting or sterile line
Testers carry out the inspection of pollen abortion rate, extract fertile plant, can be according to the phenotypic genetic spy of Testers for planting patterns four
Sign: Hua Yanse, fine hair color, blade shape etc., in field, selection sterile line carries out fertility inspection, while marking sterile plant；
6) bear pods several investigation statistics:
Testers podding duration to the maturity period, in each cell between position sample, every row continuously takes 5 caves or 10 plants of Testers infertility
System investigates the number that bears pods, and calculates the number that averagely bears pods；To bear pods, how much number sorts from high in the end；
This sequence is also the sequence of tested kind of the confrontation insect pollinator attraction size of corresponding adjacent plantation, bears pods more persons i.e.
The attraction for representing tested kind of the confrontation insect pollinator of adjacent plantation is strong, on the contrary then weak；
Screening obtains the high fertile germplasm of insect attraction:
By set selection pressure, it is the high outcrossing of breeding that selects a certain proportion of height attraction insect, which is tested fertile soybean germplasm,
Robustness soybean keeps system, sterile line and restorer to provide germplasm.
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| CN101946690A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2011-01-19 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Seed selection method of male parent with high outcrossing rate for producing seed of hybrid soybean |
| CN104106353A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-22 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Male and female parent planting method for increasing yield of hybrid soybean seeds |
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| CN101946690A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2011-01-19 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Seed selection method of male parent with high outcrossing rate for producing seed of hybrid soybean |
| CN104106353A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-22 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Male and female parent planting method for increasing yield of hybrid soybean seeds |
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| 杂交大豆昆虫传粉及制种技术研究进展;王跃强等;《吉林农业科学》;20081231;第33卷(第3期);第5-8页 * |
| 种植方式、疏叶及昆虫对杂交大豆制种产量的影响;赵丽梅;《中国油料作物学报》;20121031;第34卷(第5期);第478-482页 * |
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