CN106959486A - 一种导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents
一种导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置。导光板包括导光板本体以及位于导光板本体内的光波导层。采用本发明技术方案,光波导层可以将导光板内的杂散光调制为准直光,该准直光从导光板的前侧表面射出,相比现有技术,减少了导光板入射光损耗,提高了背光模组的光效,进而提升了显示装置的显示品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,特别是涉及一种导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置。
背景技术
在平板显示装置中,薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(Thin Film Transistor LiquidCrystal Display,TFT-LCD)具有体积小、无辐射和制造成本相对较低等特点,在当前的平板显示器市场占据了主导地位。
背光模组作为液晶显示装置的关键组件之一,由于液晶面板本身不发光,背光模组的主要功能即在于为液晶面板提供均匀、高亮度的面光源,从而使液晶面板的出光侧能够正常显示影像。背光模组除应用在液晶电视机、液晶显示器之外,还可以应用在数码相框、电子纸、手机等需要背光的显示装置中。
目前,背光模组中的导光板多使用聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)等树脂材质,由于空气和导光板材质之间的折射率差异,使得大部分光在导光板内发生全反射,从而造成光能损耗,因此,现有背光模组的光效较低,影响了显示装置的显示品质。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的是提供一种导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置,以减少导光板入射光损耗,提高背光模组的光效,进而提升显示装置的显示品质。
本发明实施例提供了一种导光板,包括导光板本体以及位于导光板本体内的光波导层。
在本发明实施例的技术方案中,导光板本体内设置有光波导层,光波导层可以将导光板内的杂散光调制为准直光,该准直光从导光板的前侧表面射出,相比现有技术,减少了导光板入射光损耗,提高了背光模组的光效,进而提升了显示装置的显示品质。
优选的,所述光波导层包括至少十层透明介质层,所述至少十层透明介质层的折射率从后至前递增。这样,可以精确控制出射光的角度,提高其准直程度,进一步提升显示装置的显示品质。
可选的,所述至少十层透明介质层的材质两两不同;或者
所述至少十层透明介质层的材质均相同,密度两两不同;或者
每层透明介质层包括基层和掺杂粒子,所述至少十层透明介质层的基层材质均相同,掺杂粒子密度两两不同。
优选的,导光板还包括位于导光板本体内的增透层,所述增透层包括多个膜层结构。增透层可以增加光的透射,减少光的反射,从而提升背光模组的光效。
优选的,所述增透层位于光波导层的后侧表面。增透层对光也有一定的准直调制效果,并且在光波导层对光进行准直调制之前增加光的透射量,可以使更多的准直光从导光板的前侧表面射出。
优选的,导光板还包括位于导光板本体后侧表面的增反层。增反层可以增加光的反射,减少光的透射,使更多的光从导光板前侧表面射出,进一步提升了背光模组的光效。
优选的,导光板还包括位于导光板本体前侧表面的定向光栅。定向光栅可以对类准直光进行再调整,从而使导光板可以应用在3D显示装置的背光模组中。
可选的,所述定向光栅凸出于导光板本体;或者所述定向光栅向导光板本体内凹陷。
本发明实施例还提供了一种背光模组,包括根据前述技术方案所述的导光板。相比现有技术,该背光模组的光效较高。
本发明实施例还提供了一种液晶显示装置,包括根据前述技术方案所述的背光模组。该液晶显示装置具有较佳的显示品质。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例导光板的截面结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中光波导层结构示意图;
图3为本发明另一实施例导光板的截面结构示意图;
图4为本发明又一实施例导光板的截面结构示意图;
图5为本发明一实施例导光板应用于3D显示装置的截面结构示意图。
附图标记:
10-导光板 11-导光板本体 12-光波导层
13-增透层 14-増反层 15-定向光栅
具体实施方式
为减少导光板入射光损耗,提高背光模组的光效,进而提升显示装置的显示品质,本发明实施例提供了一种导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置。为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,以下举实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明实施例提供的导光板可以应用于2D显示装置、3D显示装置等的背光模组中,以下具体以应用于2D显示装置的导光板进行示例说明。
如图1所示,本发明一实施例提供的导光板10,包括导光板本体11以及位于导光板本体11内的光波导层12。
在本发明实施例的技术方案中,导光板本体11内设置有光波导层12,光波导层12可以将导光板10内的杂散光调制为准直光,该准直光从导光板10的前侧表面射出,相比现有技术,减少了导光板10入射光损耗,提高了背光模组的光效,进而提升了显示装置的显示品质。
在本发明实施例中,某一部件的“前侧”可以理解为该部件靠近观看者的一侧;“后侧”则可以理解为该部件远离观看者的一侧。
此外,值得一提的是,本发明实施例中所提及的准直光并不限定为光线与屏幕绝对垂直,可以允许一定的误差范围,例如,显示模组发出的准直光与屏幕的夹角为90°±α,α为设定的误差角度。
如图2所示,在本发明的优选实施例中,光波导层12包括至少十层透明介质层,至少十层透明介质层的折射率从后至前递增,即从后至前各透明介质层的折射率满足:n1<n2<…<nx。这样,可以使光局限在光波导层及其周围的有限区域内传播,因此,可以精确控制出射光的角度,提高其准直程度,进一步提升显示装置的显示品质。
为使各透明介质层的折射率不同,可选的,至少十层透明介质层的材质两两不同;或者至少十层透明介质层的材质均相同,密度两两不同;或者每层透明介质层包括基层和掺杂粒子,至少十层透明介质层的基层材质均相同,掺杂粒子密度两两不同。
如图3所示,在本发明的优选实施例中,导光板10还包括位于导光板本体11内的增透层13,增透层13包括多个膜层结构。通过不同膜厚的增透膜多次叠加,可以使增透层13适用于白光中的所有波段,从而使得所有单色光都能够被透射。因此,增透层13可以增加光的透射,减少光的反射,从而提升背光模组的光效。
增透膜增加光透射的原理为:当增透膜的膜厚适当时,在增透膜的两个面上反射的光,路程差恰好等于半个波长,因而互相抵消,这样大大减少了光的反射损失,增加了光的透射。增透膜的折射率介于空气与基底材料的折射率之间,当光由空气射向基底时,增透膜前、后侧表面的反射光均有半波损失,此时,增透膜后侧表面上的反射光比其前侧表面上的反射光多经历的路程为膜厚的两倍,即增透膜的膜厚为
d=λ/4n
其中:d为增透膜的膜厚;n为增透膜的折射率;λ为光在空气中的波长。
如图3所示,在本发明的优选实施例中,增透层13位于光波导层12的后侧表面。增透层13对光也有一定的准直调制效果,并且在光波导层12对光进行准直调制之前增加光的透射量,可以使更多的光以近似垂直的角度从导光板10的前侧表面射出。
在本发明的优选实施例中,导光板10还包括位于导光板本体11后侧表面的增反层14。增反层14可以增加光的反射,减少光的透射,使更多的光从导光板10前侧表面射出,进一步提升了背光模组的光效。
增反膜增加光反射的原理与增透膜增加光透射的原理类似,所不同的是增反膜的折射率大于空气的折射率并且大于基底材料的折射率,当光由空气射向基底时,只在增反膜的前侧表面有半波损失。
如图3和图4所示,在本发明的优选实施例中,导光板10还包括位于导光板本体11前侧表面的定向光栅15。定向光栅15可以对光线进行调整,使光线按照设定角度出射,从而使导光板10可以应用在3D显示装置的背光模组中;同时由于光波导层12位于定向光栅15的后侧,光波导层12将杂散光调制为准直光后,定向光栅15对准直光进行再调整,当导光板10应用在3D显示装置的背光模组中时,提高了出射光的精准程度,从而降低3D显示的串扰现象。
如图5所示,导光板10应用于3D显示的背光模组中时,准直光经过定向光栅15后被调制为分别射向观看者左眼视区和右眼视区的光,从而实现3D显示。
定向光栅的具体结构形式不限,如图3所示,在该实施例中,定向光栅15凸出于导光板本体11。如图4所示,在该实施例中,定向光栅15向导光板本体11内凹陷。
综上,采用本发明实施例技术方案,可以减少导光板入射光损耗,提高背光模组的光效,进而提升显示装置的显示品质。
本发明实施例还提供了一种背光模组,包括根据前述任一技术方案所述的导光板。相比现有技术,该背光模组的光效较高。
本发明实施例还提供了一种液晶显示装置,包括根据前述技术方案所述的背光模组。该液晶显示装置具有较佳的显示品质。
液晶显示装置的具体类型不限,例如可以为2D显示装置或者3D显示装置等。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (10)
1.一种导光板,其特征在于,包括导光板本体以及位于导光板本体内的光波导层。
2.如权利要求1所述的导光板,其特征在于,所述光波导层包括至少十层透明介质层,所述至少十层透明介质层的折射率从后至前递增。
3.如权利要求2所述的导光板,其特征在于,
所述至少十层透明介质层的材质两两不同;或者
所述至少十层透明介质层的材质均相同,密度两两不同;或者
每层透明介质层包括基层和掺杂粒子,所述至少十层透明介质层的基层材质均相同,掺杂粒子密度两两不同。
4.如权利要求1所述的导光板,其特征在于,还包括位于导光板本体内的增透层,所述增透层包括多个膜层结构。
5.如权利要求4所述的导光板,其特征在于,所述增透层位于光波导层的后侧表面。
6.如权利要求1所述的导光板,其特征在于,还包括位于导光板本体后侧表面的增反层。
7.如权利要求1~6任一项所述的导光板,其特征在于,还包括位于导光板本体前侧表面的定向光栅。
8.如权利要求7所述的导光板,其特征在于,所述定向光栅凸出于导光板本体;或者所述定向光栅向导光板本体内凹陷。
9.一种背光模组,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1~8任一项所述的导光板。
10.一种液晶显示装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求9所述的背光模组。
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US15/526,650 US20180059478A1 (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-09-29 | Light guide plate, backlighting module and liquid crystal display device |
PCT/CN2016/100744 WO2017118120A1 (zh) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-09-29 | 导光板、背光模组及液晶显示装置 |
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